【英语】2020届高考二轮复习英语语法填空特训学案：18

【英语】2020届高考二轮复习英语语法填空特训学案：18

专题三《阅读理解应用类、议论类》‎ ‎ （90分钟，88分）‎ 考点01：01 冠词 3颗星 考点02：代词 3颗星 考点03：介词和介词短语 2颗星 考点04: 名词 3颗星 ‎ 考点05：主谓一致 5颗星 考点06：形容词和副词 5颗星 考点08：非谓语动词 5颗星 考点09：动词的时态和语态 5颗星 考点10：定语从句 3颗星 考点11 名词性从句 3颗星 考点12 并列连词 4颗星 考点18 阅读理解应用文 5颗星 考点19 阅读理解议论文 5颗星 一、阅读理解 ‎1 Grandparents Answer a Call ‎    As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. ‎ ‎       No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson ‘s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family. ‎ ‎     “in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate magazine for grandparents .“We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when you’re raining children.” ‎ ‎    Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.‎ ‎1.Why was Garza’s move a success?‎ A.It strengthened her family ties.‎ B.It improved her living conditions.‎ C.It enabled her make more friends.‎ D.It helped her know more new places.‎ ‎2.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?‎ A.17% expressed their support for it.‎ B.Few people responded sympathetically.‎ C.83% believed it had a bad influence.‎ D.The majority thought it was a trend.‎ ‎3.What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?‎ A.They were unsure of raise more children.‎ B.They were eager to raise more children.‎ C.They wanted to live away from their parents.‎ D.They bad little respect for their grandparent.‎ ‎4.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?‎ A.Make decisions in the best interests' of their own B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them C.Sacrifice for their struggling children D.Get to know themselves better ‎2What’s On? ‎ Electric Underground ‎    7.30pm―1.00am     Free at the Cyclops Theatre ‎    Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.‎ Gee Whizz ‎    8.30pm―10.30pm   Comedy at Kaleidoscope ‎    Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).‎ Simon’s Workshop ‎    5.00pm―7.30pm    Wednesdays at Victoria Stage ‎    This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.‎ Charlotte Stone ‎ ‎    8.00pm―11.00pm     Pizza World ‎    Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.‎ ‎1.Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?‎ A.Jules Skye.‎ B.Gee Whizz.‎ C.Charlotte Stone.‎ D.James Pickering.‎ ‎2.At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?‎ A.The Cyclops Theatre B.Kaleidoscope C.Victoria Stage D.Pizza World ‎3.What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?‎ A.It requires membership status.‎ B.It lasts three hours each time.‎ C.It is run by a comedy club.‎ D.It is held every Wednesday.‎ ‎4.When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?‎ A.5.00pm―7.30pm.‎ B.7.30pm―1.00am.‎ C.8.00pm―11.00pm.‎ D.8.30pm―10.30pm.‎ ‎3Why College Is Not Home ‎     The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.‎ ‎     For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.‎ ‎     To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.‎ ‎     Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.‎ ‎     Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.‎ ‎     It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.‎ ‎     Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.‎ ‎1.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?‎ A.Sympathetic B.Disapproving C.Supportive D.Neutral ‎2.The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means ______.‎ A.change B.choice C.text D.extension ‎3.According to the author, what role should college play?‎ A.to develop a shared identity among students B.to define and regulate students’ social behavior C.To provide a safe world without tension for students D.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development ‎4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?‎ I:Introduction      P:Point      Sp:Sub-point (次要点)‎ C:Conclusion ‎ ‎ ‎4.    It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams,the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life,but manners on the road are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel.It is all right to have a tiger in a cage,but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter.‎ ‎    Road politeness is not only good manners,but a good sense.It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.On the other hand,a little politeness goes a long way toward reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting.A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such behavior of politeness is by no means enough.Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.‎ ‎    However,misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.A typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.‎ ‎    An experienced driver,whose manners are faultless,told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in a traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings.Unfortunately,modern drivers can’t even learn to drive,let alone master the roadmanship(公路驾车技能).Years ago,experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take(互谅互让) from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.‎ ‎1.The passage mainly talks about ________.‎ A.traffic jams B.good manners C.road politeness D.modern drivers ‎2.Troubles on the road are often caused by ________.‎ A.traffic jams B.the behavior of the drivers C.the great speed of modern life D.terrible road conditions ‎3.According to the writer,a good driver should ________.‎ A.encourage children to cross the road whenever they want to B.beat back when forced to face rude driving C.be able to recognize politeness when he sees it D.join in a traffic stream quickly however other people feel ‎4.It is not always right for drivers to ________.‎ A.master the roadmanship B.neglect politeness when they see it C.give a friendly nod in answer to an act of politeness D.encourage old ladies to cross the road whenever and wherever they want to 二、语法填空 ‎5.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water ①__________(use)on coastal farms. As a result, farmers are ②__________(gradual) unable to use fields close to the sea.‎ ‎    However, Marc Van Rijsselberg, a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a ③__________(mix) of sea and fresh water ④__________(grow ) healthy and tasty vegetables.‎ ‎    He teamed up with scientists from the Free University and divided a farm ⑤__________eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and a computer program created water with eight levels of salinity(含盐度).‎ ‎    The water levels and the levels of salinity was ⑥__________( control ) by computerized measuring devices called “sensors”. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight testing areas. He said the vegetables were smaller than ⑦__________grown in fresh water. But he said they also had more sugar and salt, so they tasted much ⑧__________( good).‎ ‎    He found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables in the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said four kinds of these potatoes would be sent to Pakistan, ⑨__________thousands of hectares of land ⑩__________(damage) by salinization last year.‎ ‎6读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    There are many different taboos (禁忌) around the world. A taboo is a social action that is not ①        (allow). Almost every culture in the world has ②        (it) own taboos. When you meet people from different cultures, it is important ③        (understand) what you can and cannot do. If we are not aware ④         these differences, some unusual ⑤        (thing) might happen. For instance, in China, it ⑥        (be) rude to put the chopsticks into a bowl of rice straightly as it is often done for the dead. If you visit Nepal, you will find Nepalese often ‎ greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands, ⑦         in North America and the UK, people greet one another by ⑧        (shake) hands. If you will do business with a South American, it seems ⑨        (impolitely) to be dressed in the light colors. What about Japanese? They dislike the lotus and ⑩         not give it as a gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower (丧花). While these different customs might seem strange to you, remember that what you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others.‎ ‎7读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    The city of San Francisco is a wonderful vacation destination that offers many ①        (difference) things to see and do. Those experiencing a lively city with a wealth of shopping and dining opportunities ②        (be) very happy. Those looking for a city that ③        (offer) museums, art galleries, and very interesting historical sites will also be happy if they choose San Francisco. Many people don’t realize it, but people ④         look for an interesting place to get out ⑤         enjoy nature will also appreciate San Francisco. When touring ⑥         city by walking, you aren’t going to cover as much ground. There are far more ⑦        (benefit) to touring the city on foot though. This type of tour allows you ⑧        (see) more buildings that others driving by cars can’t see. You may even get to enter different facilities that those touring the city from the streets do not. A tour of the city on foot also ⑨        (usual) focuses on a more localized neighborhood level, which can be very ⑩        (excite) in a number of different ways.‎ ‎8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎     China, which takes pride in inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ①__________(able) to change the world with its “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. The “new four great inventions” are all related ②__________ China’s high-tech innovation(创新),  ③__________   improved the quality of people’s lives. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat  ④__________I want simply with a tap of my phone,” said Lin Jinlong,   ⑤__________overseas Chinese student from Cambodia, ⑥__________(add) that “even pancake sellers are using Alipay (mobile payment). We can also order food at home, which is super convenient. If I ⑦__________(be) at home in Cambodia, I would have to go outdoors.”‎ ‎    The bikes themselves are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing is based on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. It is ⑧__________(increase) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is partly because China skipped over the PC age and went directly to mobile. China has the ⑨__________(large) mobile use in the world.‎ ‎    In terms of the “new four great inventions”, Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said, “These products and ‎ services ⑩__________(improve) customer experience so far, improving national and global economy at the same time”.    ‎ ‎参考答案 ‎ ‎ 一、阅读理解 答案： 1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A 解析： 1.本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述目前社会上很多老年人愿意搬到离子女近的地方居住的一种趋势。同时作者也建议老人们要做出适合自己的选择,不要仅仅为孩子考虑而牺牲了自己习惯了的生活方式。‎ 细节理解题。根据首段末句可知,Mildred Garza老人搬到离孩子近的地方居住让他们的关系更密切,一家人认为这是一个成功的事情。故选A。‎ ‎2.细节理解题。根据第二段末句Two thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family可知,很多人会受Marian Robinson的影响,所以这会形成一种潮流。故选D。‎ ‎3.细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知,在60年代人们都希望离开家,以此来证明自己的独立。故选C。‎ ‎4.推理判断题。根据末段推知,作者建议人们要明智不要为了孩子而做出牺牲。故选A 。‎ 考点:社会生活类短文阅读。‎ ‎【技巧点拨】推理判断题属于主观题,是层次较高的题目。此类题要求通过文章中的文字信息,上下文逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息,推断出作者暗含的意思。解题关键要注意表明作者观点、立场的动词、名词、形容词和副词等。最后一题题中则根据it is wiser to say no推断出作者的立场。‎ 答案： 1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C 答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.C 解析： 1.大学并不是温暖的家庭,也不能成为学生的家庭。大学时期应该是培养自主性和自我同一性的重要时期。大学是孩子脱离父母控制的决定性时期,因此,学校不应该成为像家庭一样让孩子依赖的地方。本题为细观点态度题。根据第一段“The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However...”可知,作者认为,大学不应该成为孩子们依赖的“家庭”,说明作者不赞成父母继续指导上大学的孩子,故选B。‎ ‎2.猜测词义题。根据“from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility” 可知,从家庭的庇护到自主性和成年人的责任,这是一种转变、变化,故选A。‎ ‎3.推理判断题。每个人的个性都是不同的,排除A;根据第四段“If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing...”可知,作者不赞成大学管理者约朿学生的社会行为,排除B;大学不是一个无忧无虑的场所,排除C;大学应该是学习知识和促进学生成长的地方,故选D。‎ ‎4.篇章结构题。根据第四段“Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.”中的“equally important”和第五段的“moreover”可知,第四段和第五段是第三段的次要论点,故选C。‎ ‎4.答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.C; 4.D 解析：1.主旨大意题。根据文章第二段第一句Road politeness is not only good manners,but a good sense.及第三段第一句However,misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.可知,本文主要围绕道路文明礼貌行为展开论述。故选C项。‎ ‎2.推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the ‎ wheel.可知,大家都知道,平时非常绅士的人在开车的时候也会变成一只猛虎。再根据文中对道路上司机们的种种行为的描述可判断,公路上的麻烦主要是由司机的行为引起的。故选B项。‎ ‎3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.可知,在看到礼貌行为时,一个好司机应当能够对此有所认知。故选C项。‎ ‎4.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.可知,给老人让路,让他们随意过马路的礼貌行为是不对的。故选D项。‎ 二、语法填空 ‎5.答案：used; gradually; mixture; to grow; into; controlled; those; better; where; was damaged 解析：【文章大意】气候变化会导致海平面上升,这就导致沿海农场使用的淡水中含盐量增加,结果农民们越发难以在沿海农田里耕作。但荷兰的农民马克•范•里杰斯尔伯格尝试把海水和淡水混合起来种植健康美味的蔬菜,并且非常成功。‎ ‎①考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词has increased,判断此处是非谓语动词短语作定语,use和被修饰的名词water之间是被动关系,故填过去分词used。‎ ‎②考查副词。修饰形容词应该用副词形式,填gradually。‎ ‎③考查名词。冠词后面应该用名词形式,a mixture of“……的混合物”,填mixture。‎ ‎④考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do “用……去做”,填to grow。‎ ‎⑤考查介词。此处指把农场分成八个灌溉区域。 divide sth. into“把……分成(若干部分)”,故填into。‎ ‎⑥考查动词时态。根据句意判断此处表示被动,用过去分词,填controlled。‎ ‎⑦考查代词。指代在淡水中种植的蔬菜,表示特指,而且是复数含义,故填those。‎ ‎⑧考查形容词比较级。much修饰比较级,taste是系动词,后面用形容词作表语,故填better。‎ ‎⑨考查关系副词。从结构判断此处是非限制性定语从句,缺少状语,先行词表地点,故填where。‎ ‎⑩考查被动语态。句子缺少谓语动词,根据last year判断用过去时,从语义判断用被动语态,根据主谓一致的原则可知填was damaged。‎ 答案： allowed; Its; to understand; of; things; is; while; shaking; impolite; do 答案： different; will be; offers; who/that; and; the; benefits; to see; usually; exciting ‎8.答案：ability; to; which; whatever/what; an; adding; were; increasingly; largest; have improved