【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案十二：　饮食

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案十二：　饮食

‎2020届二轮复习 阅读理解专题话题训练学案十二：　饮食 Part A　Reading　‎ Passage 1‎ 题材:饮食与居室　词数:304　建议时间:7分钟 Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.‎ Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating,for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn’t have enough window light,get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.‎ Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it’s time to repaint,go blue.‎ Don’t forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush ‎ through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you’re at it,actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.‎ Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent.And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,skinny glass.‎ ‎1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about　　　. ‎ A.their home comforts B.their body shape C.house buying D.healthy diets ‎2.A home environment in blue can help people　　　. ‎ A.digest food better B.reduce food intake C.burn more calories D.regain their appetites ‎3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?‎ A.Eat quickly. B.Play fast music.‎ C.Use smaller spoons. D.Turn down the lights.‎ ‎4.What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A.Is Your House Making You Fat?‎ B.Ways of Serving Dinner C.Effects of Self-Consciousness D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?‎ Passage 2‎ 题材:社会文化　词数:270　建议时间:6分钟 Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning,and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions.The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural(农村的)and urban areas within one country.‎ Sharing bread,whether during a special occasion(时刻)or at the family dinner table,is a common symbol of togetherness.Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread,so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.‎ Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States,pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity(兴旺)in the New Year.In Greece,people share a special cake called vasilopita.A coin is put into the cake,which signifies(预示)success in the New Year for the person who receives it.‎ Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child,and ‎ food can play a significant role.In China,when a baby is one month old,families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests.In many cultures,round foods such as grapes,bread,and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.‎ Nutrition is necessary for life,so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.‎ ‎1.According to the passage,sharing bread　　　. ‎ A.indicates a lack of food B.can help to develop unity C.is a custom unique to rural areas D.has its roots in birthday celebrations ‎2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?‎ A.Trust. B.Success. C.Health. D.Togetherness.‎ ‎3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by　　　. ‎ A.using examples B.making comparisons C.analyzing causes D.describing processes ‎4.What is the passage mainly about?‎ A.The custom of sharing food.‎ B.The specific meaning of food.‎ C.The role of food in ceremonies.‎ D.The importance of food in culture.‎ Part B　Writing　‎ 一、话题语料积累 ‎1.话题词汇积累 ‎①　　　　　　[kɔːn]n.玉米,谷物 ‎ ‎②　　　　　　[biːn]n.豆子,豆科植物 ‎ ‎③　　　　　　[wiːt]n.小麦 ‎ ‎④　　　　　　[ɡreɪn]n.谷物,粮食 ‎ ‎⑤　　　　　　[raɪs]n.水稻,大米,米饭 ‎ ‎⑥　　　　　　[keɪk]n.蛋糕 ‎ ‎⑦　　　　　　[ˈnuːdl]n.面条 ‎ ‎⑧　　　　　　[təʊst]n.吐司面包 ‎ ‎⑨　　　　　　[bred]n.面包 ‎ ‎⑩　　　　　　[ˈbɪskɪt]n.饼干 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkʊki]n.小甜饼 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[miːt]n.(供食用的)肉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈbeɪkən]n.咸猪肉,熏猪肉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[biːf]n.牛肉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈtʃɪkɪn]n.鸡;鸡肉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[dʌk]n.鸭;鸭肉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ɡuːs]n.鹅;鹅肉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[hæm]n.火腿 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈsɒsɪdʒ]n.香肠,腊肠 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[steɪk]n.牛排,鱼排 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[dʒuːs]n.果汁;肉汁 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈælkəhɒl]n.酒精;酒 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[waɪn]n.葡萄酒 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkɒfi]n.咖啡 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[fruːt]n.水果 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[deɪt]n.椰枣 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ɡreɪp]n.葡萄 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈlemən]n.柠檬 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[nʌt]n.坚果 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈpaɪnæpl]n.菠萝 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkærət]n.胡萝卜 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈeɡplɑːnt]n.茄子 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈɡɑːlɪk]n.大蒜 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkæbɪdʒ]n.甘蓝 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈpɒrɪdʒ]n.麦片粥 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[dʒæm]n.果酱 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈvɪnɪɡə(r)]n.醋 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈbʌtə]n.黄油,牛油 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈdʌmplɪŋ]n.饺子 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈhæmbɜːɡə]n.汉堡包 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[paɪ]n.馅饼 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈsænwɪdʒ;ˈsænwɪtʃ]n.三明治 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈpɒpkɔːn]n.爆米花 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkʊkə(r)]n.炊具 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[fɔːk]n.餐叉 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[spuːn]n.调羹 ‎ ‎2.话题佳句积累 ‎①An apple a day 　　　 (keep) the doctor away. ‎ 一天一个苹果,医生远离我。‎ ‎②Some soup 　　　dinner,healthy body forever. ‎ 餐前一些汤,身体永健康。‎ ‎③No talking during the meal,no　　　(run)after the meal. ‎ 吃饭不说话,饭后不跑步。‎ ‎④Diet cures more than 　　　(doctor).食补胜过医生。 ‎ ‎⑤Do please treat yourself a nice breakfast to keep 　　　(health).‎ 早饭必吃好,健康跑不了。 ‎ ‎⑥It is difficult　　　(cater) for all tastes.众口难调。 ‎ 二、综合练习 ‎1.词句练习 ‎(1)根据汉语意思完成句子 ‎①Chinese diet 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　‎ ‎ (被认为是最健康的饮食之一) in the world. ‎ ‎②It contains less sugar and fat,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(使我们远离)obesity. ‎ ‎③With the wide spread of fast food restaurants in China, many young Chinese 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(被发现吃) more and more junk food. ‎ ‎④Hamburgers, which served in the western fast food restaurants are 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(富含糖和脂肪). ‎ ‎⑤Fried chips are rich in sugar, which 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(对我们的健康有负面影响). ‎ ‎⑥　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(为了保持健康), we should do more exercise. ‎ ‎(2)翻译句子 ‎①虽然他说他不饿,但是仍吃了顿大餐。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎②我们早晨7点到9点半供应早餐。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎③这顿饭非常好,我们都非常喜欢。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎④似乎节食仅仅使苹果体型的人成了“小苹果”。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑤它已经给科学家提供了史前人类饮食习惯的线索。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑥我又饥又渴,不知道到哪里找吃的喝的东西。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑦他喝了些水,然后脱下衬衣,把它铺在地上,很快就睡着了。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑧史密斯夫人警告她女儿绝不要酒后开车。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎2.段落练习 调整下列句子的顺序,使其成为一篇文理通顺的短文。‎ ‎①As you know, it is important to decide what kinds of food to eat in our daily life.‎ ‎②Besides, we should form good eating habits.‎ ‎③We should eat neither too much sugar, candy, chocolate or cakes nor junk food.‎ ‎④So we should be careful while choosing our food.‎ ‎⑤Only in this way can we keep healthy.‎ ‎⑥Fresh vegetables, fruit, meat, rice and noodles are healthy food, which are our best choice.‎ ‎⑦Never eat between meals or eat too much at a meal.‎ ‎⑧Three regular meals a day are necessary, especially breakfast.‎ ‎⑨Drinking enough water every day and taking enough exercise are needed too.‎ ‎⑩Our health depends on our eating and living habits.‎ 组成短文后的正确顺序为:　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.篇章练习 假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对饮食习惯进行讨论。请根据提示,用英文写一篇题为“中国饮食”的发言稿。内容要点如下:‎ ‎(1)中国饮食被认为是世界上最健康的饮食之一;‎ ‎(2)中国饮食中的糖和脂肪含量低,不易使人发胖;‎ ‎(3)但随着快餐的扩张,越来越多的年轻人吃高糖高脂食品,影响了健康;‎ ‎(4)为了保持健康,我们应该多锻炼身体,保持均衡饮食。‎ ‎ ‎ 单选模拟仿真练　‎ ‎1.Mary has her weakness, 　　　 that doesn’t mean she is not qualified for her job. ‎ A.and B.yet C.so D.or ‎2.　　　 Chai Jing said in her video about the smog has caused public concern. ‎ A.That B.Which C.How D.What ‎3.When I was pushed onto the stage, I felt all the eyes in the hall 　　　 me. ‎ A.through B.across C.into D.on ‎4.You 　　　 reach him on his mobile now—his mobile is still under ‎ repair. ‎ A.shouldn’t B.wouldn’t ‎ C.can’t D.mustn’t ‎5.The paper ox my grandmother 　　　 for me is my most valued birthday gift. ‎ A.cut B.will cut ‎ C.had cut D.cuts ‎6.—It is said that John’s paper got an A.‎ ‎—He deserves it.He 　　　 a lot before he handed it in. ‎ A.prepared B.prepares C.had prepared D.has prepared ‎7.　　　opinions on the schedule, we finally reached on agreement. ‎ A.Having exchanged B.Exchanging C.Exchanged D.To exchange ‎8.The long lasting cold current has brought 　　　 winter in my memory to the east coast of the United States. ‎ A.the longer B.the longest C.a longer D.a long ‎9.Mike will become the first person in his family 　　　 college education. ‎ A.finished B.having finished C.finishing D.to finish ‎10.Prince William took a visit to the Forbidden City on Feb.28, 　　　 emperors once lived. ‎ A.which B.whose C.where D.when ‎11.　　　 she has earned her PhD, she wants to find a job with higher pay. ‎ A.As if B.Now that C.Even though D.In case ‎12.—Has James arrived at the hotel?‎ ‎—No, he 　　　 by fans for photographs at the airport. ‎ A.has surrounded B.would surround C.was surrounded D.is being surrounded ‎13.　　　 worries me that my daughter plays with her cell phone for a long time every day. ‎ A.It B.What C.This D.That ‎14.—What do you think of the Huawei P7?‎ ‎—Terrific! I would buy one if I 　　　 an iPhone 6 Plus last year. ‎ A.didn’t buy　 B.don’t buy C.hadn’t bought D.haven’t bought ‎15.Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at the conference, 　　　 university graduates to start their own business. ‎ A.encouraging B.to encourage C.having encouraged D.encouraged 答案Topic 12　饮食 Part A　Reading Passage 1‎ ‎[高级语块]‎ ‎1.pack on the pounds增加体重,长胖 ‎2.keep the pounds off 减肥,减轻体重 ‎3.in poorly lit places在光线昏暗的地方 ‎[高级句式]‎ ‎1.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.(say后的宾语从句中含有省略关系词that的定语从句和作in的宾语的从句) ‎ ‎2.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories per meal than those who rush through their meals.(who引导的两个定语从句,分别修饰people和those) ‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了几种通过改变屋内环境进行饮食调节的方法。‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一句和第二句可知,本文的阅读对象主要是那些关心自己体形的人。故选B项。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句话可知,研究发现人在蓝色房间里比在黄色或红色房间里吃饭时少摄入33%的食物。故选B。‎ ‎3.C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第四句话可知,我们使用大的汤匙时摄入食物的总量比使用小的汤匙时摄入食物的总量多14%。故选C。‎ ‎4.A　主旨大意题。整篇文章主要介绍了几种通过改变屋内环境与设施进行饮食调节的方法。故选A。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎[高级语块]　‎ ‎1.serve as 充当,起……作用 ‎2.play a significant role in在……中起重要作用 ‎[高级句式]　‎ ‎1.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.(that引导定语从句) ‎ ‎2.The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural and urban areas within one country.(we eat 为省略关系词的定语从句) ‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,题材为社会文化类。主要介绍了食物在文化交流中的重要意义。‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话可知,分享食物是人类的一种传统,它可以促进团结、增进信任。故选B。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句话可知,在希腊如果吃到放入vasilopita中的硬币,预示着来年将获得成功。故选B。‎ ‎3.A　推理判断题。第三段作者提出观点后,接着列举了两个例子,解释了食物在庆祝新年中的作用。故选A。‎ ‎4.D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和最后一段可知,本文主要介绍了食物在文化中的重要意义。故选D。‎ Part B　Writing 一、话题语料积累 ‎1.话题词汇积累 ‎①corn　②bean　③wheat　④grain　⑤rice　⑥cake　⑦noodle ⑧toast　⑨bread　⑩biscuit　cookie　meat　 bacon　 beef chicken　duck　goose　 ham　 sausage　 steak　 juice　 alcohol　 wine　 coffee　 fruit　 date　 grape　lemon nut　pineapple　 carrot　 eggplant　 garlic　 cabbage porridge　 jam　 vinegar　 butter　‎ dumpling　hamburger　pie　sandwich　 popcorn　 cooker　 fork　 spoon ‎2.话题佳句积累 ‎①keeps　②before　③running　④doctors　⑤healthy　⑥to cater 二、综合练习 ‎1.词句练习 ‎(1)①is considered to be one of the healthiest diets ‎②keeping us away from ‎③are found to eat ‎④rich in sugar and fat ‎⑤has a negative effect on our health ‎⑥In order to keep healthy ‎(2)①Though he said he wasn’t hungry, he still ate a big meal.‎ ‎②We serve breakfast from seven to half past nine in the morning.‎ ‎③The meal was so nice that we all enjoyed it very much.‎ ‎④It seems that dieting simply makes an apple-shaped person into “a smaller apple”.‎ ‎⑤It has provided scientists with clues about the eating habit of the prehistoric men.‎ ‎⑥I was hungry and thirsty and did not know where to find anything to eat or drink.‎ ‎⑦After drinking some water, he took off his shirt, laid it on the ground and fell asleep at once.‎ ‎⑧Mrs Smith warned her daughter never to drive after drinking.‎ ‎2.段落练习 ‎⑩-①-④-③-⑥-②-⑧-⑦-⑨-⑤‎ ‎3.篇章练习 One possible version:‎ Chinese diet is considered to be one of the healthiest diets in the world because it contains less sugar and fat, keeping us away from obesity.However, with the wide spread of McDonald’s and KFC fast food restaurants in China, many young Chinese are found to eat more and more junk food.Those fried chips and hamburgers served in the western fast food restaurants are rich in sugar and fat, which has a great negative ‎ effect on our health.In order to keep fit, we should do more exercise.Meanwhile, keeping a balanced diet is a must with more fruit and vegetables, less butter and chocolates.‎ 单选模拟仿真练 ‎1—5 BDDCA　6—10 CABDC　11—15 BDACA