【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题名词、代词和冠词学案（20页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题名词、代词和冠词学案（20页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习 名词、代词和冠词学案 ‎【考情探究】‎ 考点 考向 考情分析 预测热度 高考示例 设题方式 ‎2018-11‎ ‎2018-06‎ ‎2017-11‎ ‎2017-06‎ ‎2016-10‎ 名词 ‎1.名词和动词、形容词等之间的词性转换 ‎2.名词的单数和复数 ‎3.名词的所有格 women ‎(woman)‎ weight ‎(weigh)‎ dishes ‎(dish)‎ months ‎(month)‎ carrots ‎(carrot)‎ pages ‎(page)‎ performance ‎(perform)‎ ‎1.根据所给的相关提示词(动词、形容词等),写出相应的名词 ‎2.根据上下文判断名词用单数形式还是复数形式以及复数名词的构成形式 ‎3.在无提示词的情况下根据语境写出适当的名词。这类词一般都是固定结构或在上下文有明确的提示 ‎★★★‎ 代词 ‎1.不定代词 ‎2.物主代词 ‎3.指示代词 ‎4.人称代词 them ‎(they)‎ it their ‎(they)‎ myself(I)‎ ‎1.根据上下文的语境写出合适的代词 ‎2.根据所给的相关提示词,一般是同根词,写出合适 ‎★★☆‎ ‎5.疑问代词 ‎6.反身代词 ‎7.it的用法 的代词形式。这种形式主要出现在人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的相互转换方面 冠词 ‎1.定冠词 ‎2.不定冠词 ‎3.零冠词 an a ‎ 根据上下文的逻辑关系填写合适的定冠词、不定冠词 ‎★★☆‎ 分析解读　　对词性的直接考查主要集中在语篇型填空题中,而间接的考查则体现在写作中,不论是应用文写作还是读后续写或概要写作,以上三类词都起着非常重要的作用。‎ 一、名词 ‎1.根据上下文判断是否用名词,是否用名词的复数形式。因此考生一定要掌握名词复数形式的构成规则。‎ ‎2.根据所给的同根词,写出相应的名词。因此考生要掌握英语单词的基本构词法。2019年与名词有关的词性转换将是考查的热点。同时特别注意既有词性转换,又有复数形式的考查方式。‎ ‎3.有可能在无提示词的情况下根据语境写出适当的名词。这类词一般都是固定结构或在上下文中有明确的提示。因此考生要掌握一些含有名词的固定词组。这类设题的难度较大,近年都没有涉及,但是,考生还是应当做出必要的准备。‎ 二、代词 ‎1.根据上下文的语境写出合适的代词。‎ ‎2.根据所给的同根词,写出合适的代词形式。因此考生要掌握英语代词的各种形式之间的转换规则和形式。‎ 三、冠词 根据上下文的逻辑关系选择合适的定冠词或不定冠词。在此类考查中,名词实际上起着主要的作用。所以要重点研究与设空处相关的名词。‎ 从以上考查方式中可以看出,对这三类词的考查主要集中在对上下文的理解上,因此,读懂句子,读懂上下文,抓住上下文的主旨,是这类题目的解题关键。‎ 破考点 ‎【考点集训】‎ 考点一　名词 ‎1.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with　　　(patient). ‎ 答案　patience ‎2.Without the proper treatment, minor　　　(injure)or burns could lead to more suffering and even loss of lives. ‎ 答案　injury/injuries ‎3.While she was in Paris,she developed a　　　(tasty)for fine art. ‎ 答案　taste ‎4.My first　　　(impress)of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. ‎ 答案　impression ‎5.Three months later,Jesse was able to communicate happily with all his classmates about regular things like homework and　　　(game). ‎ 答案　games ‎6.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future　　　(refer). ‎ 答案　reference ‎7.Your　　　(perform)as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn. ‎ 答案　performance ‎8.They were the kind that I did not have in my　　　(collect)so I placed them carefully in my bag. ‎ 答案　collection ‎9.For sustainable development, the government has decided to give　　　(prefer)to those energy-conserving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects. ‎ 答案　preference ‎10.Due to the　　　(apply)of this medical technology,some diseases can be treated at an early stage. ‎ 答案　application 考点二　代词 ‎1.This is 18-year-old Musa Bockarie’s story about how first aid saved　　　(he)life. ‎ 答案　his ‎2.Studying Wendy’s menu,I found that many of the items are similar to　　　of McDonald’s. ‎ 答案　those ‎3.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than　　　on the small ones. ‎ 答案　that ‎4.Sarah made　　　to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. ‎ 答案　it ‎5.During the rush hour, I have been looking for a taxi but haven’t found　　　yet. ‎ 答案　one ‎6.　　　is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system. ‎ 答案　It ‎7.It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do　　　. ‎ 答案　both ‎8.I like　　　of these five ties. They are all too expensive and don’t go well with my new suit. ‎ 答案　none 考点三　冠词 ‎1.It was　　　cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky. ‎ 答案　a ‎2.People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at　　　early age and these preferences affect learning. ‎ 答案　an ‎3.Animals are obviously　　　lower form of life than man. ‎ 答案　a ‎4.Four and　　　half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and a break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar. ‎ 答案　a ‎5.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on　　　Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in　　　thirteenth century. ‎ 答案　the;the ‎6.Sarah looked at　　　finished painting with satisfaction. ‎ 答案　the ‎7.He missed　　　gold in the high jump,but will get　　　second chance in the long jump. ‎ 答案　the;a ‎8.The Smiths don’t usually like staying at hotels,but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by　　　sea. ‎ 答案　the ‎9.We are said to be living in　　　Information Age,　　　time of new discoveries and great changes. ‎ 答案　the;a ‎10.But a parent of another child came up with　　　even better idea—getting the whole class to learn sign language along with Zejd. ‎ 答案　an 过专题 ‎【五年高考】‎ 考点一　名词 ‎1.(2018天津,6)The　　　(possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. ‎ 答案　possibility ‎2.(2018江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the　　　(assume)you’ve made. ‎ 答案　assumption ‎3.(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative 　　　(explain)are hard to find. ‎ 答案　explanations ‎4.(2016浙江,4)It is important to pay your 　　　(electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit. ‎ 答案　electricity ‎5.(2016江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for 　　　(happy)and a long life?  ‎ ‎—Living every day to the full, definitely.‎ 答案　happiness ‎6.(2016天津,2)The dictionary is out of　　　:many words have been added to the language since it was published.  ‎ 答案　date ‎7.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make　　　(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. ‎ 答案　adjustment/adjustments ‎8.(2015江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.‎ ‎—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my　　　(apologize). ‎ 答案　apology/apologies ‎9.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce 　　　(stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. ‎ 答案　stress ‎10.(2015湖北,21)When he was running after his brother,the boy lost his 　　　and had a bad fall. ‎ 答案　balance ‎11.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his 　　　(identify)when he went to carry out the secret task. ‎ 答案　identity ‎12.(2014湖北,21)Her　　　(motivate)for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. ‎ 答案　motivation 考点二　代词 ‎1.(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from　　　in the UK. ‎ 答案　that ‎2.(2015天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than 　　　in some larger schools. ‎ 答案　that ‎3.(2015浙江,12)How would you like 　　　if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? ‎ 答案　it ‎4.(2015重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but 　　　knows the date for sure. ‎ 答案　nobody ‎5.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the　　　. ‎ 答案　other ‎6.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but 　　　is useful to my knowledge. ‎ 答案　none ‎7.(2014大纲全国,25)—Who’s that at the door?‎ ‎—　　　is the milkman. ‎ 答案　It ‎8.(2014山东,4)Susan made　　　clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. ‎ 答案　it ‎9.(2014重庆,1)A smile costs　　　,but gives much. ‎ 答案　nothing/little ‎10.(2014福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in　　　,knives and forks. ‎ 答案　others ‎11.(2014浙江,3)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making　　　the driest year since California became a state in 1850. ‎ 答案　it ‎12.(2014安徽,24)You can ask anyone for help.　　　here is willing to lend you a hand. ‎ 答案　Everyone/Everybody ‎13.(2014陕西,21)I’d appreciate　　　if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. ‎ 答案　it ‎14.(2014四川,1)She’d lived in London and Manchester,but she liked　　　and moved to Cambridge. ‎ 答案　neither ‎15.(2014江西,32)—When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?‎ ‎—　　　.I’ll be in all day. ‎ 答案　Either 考点三　冠词 ‎1.(2016浙江,2)　　　 prize for the winner of the competition is　　　 two-week holiday in Paris. ‎ 答案　The;a ‎2.(2015浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in 　　　way. ‎ 答案　the ‎3.(2015重庆,3)I just heard 　　　bank where Dora works was robbed by 　　　gunman wearing a mask. ‎ 答案　the;a ‎4.(2015陕西,14)　　　more learned a man is,　　　more modest he usually becomes. ‎ 答案　The;the ‎5.(2015四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be　　　 Beethoven. ‎ 答案　a ‎6.(2014天津,8)Life is like　　　ocean:Only the strong-willed can reach the other shore. ‎ 答案　an ‎7.(2014重庆,6)I can’t tell you　　　way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have　　　Wilson here in the village. ‎ 答案　the;a ‎8.(2014浙江,2)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days　　　week,often long into　　　night. ‎ 答案　a;the ‎9.(2014陕西,19)　　　village where I was born has grown into　　　town. ‎ 答案　The;a ‎【三年模拟】‎ A组　2017—2019年模拟·基础题组 考点一　名词 ‎1.(2019浙江绿色评价联盟,63)All in all, the engineering advancements used to construct these super tall buildings can turn one man’s dream into　　　(real). ‎ 答案　reality ‎2.(2019浙江稽阳联考,59)Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring　　　(country). ‎ 答案　countries ‎3.(2019浙江余杭10月,57)Nowadays, of course, the harmful　　　(effect)of both smoking and sugary drinks have been well known. ‎ 答案　effects ‎4.(2019浙江台州11月联考,39)At home he gave a dinner party to show the　　　(invent)to his friends. ‎ 答案　invention ‎5.(2019河南中原名校,43)The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the　　　(grow)of the tea. ‎ 答案　growth ‎6.(2018浙江宁波鄞州10月联考,61)Fortunately, he found a gas station several 　　　(kilometer)away. ‎ 答案　kilometers ‎7.(2018湖北百所重点联考,65)The Theater District is a popular tourist 　　　(attract)in New York City. ‎ 答案　attraction ‎8.(2018浙江绍兴10月模拟,60)But during my freshman year I was unsatisfied with my 　　　(perform). ‎ 答案　performance ‎9.(2018湖南三湘名校联考,63)It is an 　　　(adapt)of a popular novel of the same name. ‎ 答案　adaptation ‎10.(2017浙江名校协作体联考,62)But Nobel’s main concern was never about making money or even about making scientific 　　　(discover). ‎ 答案　discoveries 考点二　代词 ‎1.(2019浙江杭州第二中学10月,58)Sometimes I even tried my best to dress up like　　　(they). ‎ 答案　them ‎2.(2019浙江衢州10月,65)The bikes in the shop is better than　　　in the supermarket. ‎ 答案　those ‎3.(2019浙江黄岩一模,43)He wanted to show how easy　　　was to use the fork. ‎ 答案　it ‎4.(2019安徽江淮名校11月,47)And a 1955 US ad advised mothers to mix the sugary soft drink A 7 Up with　　　(they)baby’s milk. ‎ 答案　their ‎5.(2019浙江绍兴联考,63)When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even　　　(they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art. ‎ 答案　themselves ‎6.(2018浙江绍兴10月模拟,56)During high school I put 　　　(I)into situations where I would have to interact with people for most of the day. ‎ 答案　myself ‎7.(2018浙江金华十校一模,57)People that participated were from all walks of life, and all of 　　　 have great talent. ‎ 答案　them ‎8.(2018河北名校联盟, 63)It is the time when young people will move out of 　　　(they)home to live with other people, often strangers. ‎ 答案　their ‎9.(2017浙江金华十校联考,61)Some people get relieved by writing down the bad dreams and change the negative stories into positive 　　　on paper. ‎ 答案　ones ‎10.(2017浙江名校协作体联考,62)Mrs Jane replied in a sweet smile, “That has 　　　to do with the room itself. It is just about your feeling.”  ‎ 答案　nothing 考点三　冠词 ‎1.(2019浙江杭州重高10月,64)Now he is　　　famous star of stage and screen. ‎ 答案　a ‎2.(2019浙江名校协作体,61)Probably the safest place you can be in　　　earthquake is in a tall building. ‎ 答案　an ‎3.(2019河南中原名校第一次联考,46)The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at　　　foot of the mountain. ‎ 答案　the ‎4.(2019安徽江淮名校11月,43)Modern adverts began to appear in　　　18th centuries. ‎ 答案　the ‎5.(2019浙江台州黄岩一模,45)Fifty years later　　　people in England began to use forks. ‎ 答案　the ‎6.(2018湖南三湘名校联考,62) A film named Wolf Warriors II becomes 　　　 hit in China recently. ‎ 答案　a ‎7.(2018江西红色七校联考, 69)It is sure that 　　　 splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022. ‎ 答案　a ‎8.(2018辽宁重高协作体联考,48)People always think that nothing bad will happen to them;it always happens to “　　　 other guy”. ‎ 答案　the ‎9.(2017浙江金华十校联考,59)Sometimes dreams are terrifying, but they are usually 　　　collection of confused thoughts. ‎ 答案　a ‎10.(2017浙江名校协作体联考,59)She said with the enthusiasm of 　　　eight-year-old child having just been presented with a new dog. ‎ 答案　an B组　2017—2019年模拟·综合题组 Passage 1(综合填空)‎ Mary was a good student in the university and she wanted to be a teacher after 　1　(graduate). When she graduated, she had a job interview in a high school, but she had no luck. ‎ ‎“I noticed a tiny hole in one of my 　2　(stock)earlier.” she recalls. “But I knew I’d be late if I did 　3　(some)about it. By the time I got to the interview, it was bigger than before. I walked in, apologizing 　4　not looking at 　5　best.” Her friend told her the school’s comment was, “If someone doesn’t take 　6　time to present her best 　7　(appear)at an interview, what kind of teacher is she going to be?” ‎ In a job interview, personal appearance is very important. After all, you are selling yourself to an employer. When going to a job interview, you should brush your hair tidy, and above all, dress 　8　properly. ‎ If you are viewed positively within 　9　critical first four minutes, the person you’ve met will probably feel everything you do is positive. If you leave the interviewer a bad impression, he will guess you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters. Most employers believe that those who care about themselves will care more about 　10　jobs. ‎ ‎1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　　 ‎ 答案 ‎1.graduation ‎2.stockings ‎3.something ‎4.for ‎5.my ‎6.the ‎7.appearance ‎8.yourself ‎9.the ‎10.their Passage 2(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ It was late at night.Two　1　(German)were sleeping in their room when,one of them,Mrs.Green,was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his 　2　(lucky).She had three thousand　3　(dollar)in her pocket.“What should I do? Many　4　(thief)usually bring　5　(knife)with them,” she thought in　6　(silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a sports suit.It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room,so he went out to the next room where two　7　(Frenchman)were sleeping.When he was looking for　8　(money)or some　9　(jewel)in the next room,Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened.He was so scared that he took out a knife.Just then the police showed up.Before the thief ran away,the police caught him. Mrs.Green was happy because she didn’t need to worry about their　10　(safe). ‎ ‎1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　　 ‎ 答案 ‎1.Germans ‎2.luck ‎3.dollars ‎4.thieves ‎5.knives ‎6.silence ‎7.Frenchmen ‎8.money ‎9.jewels/jewelry ‎10.safety Passage 3(冠词填空)‎ When I walked down Third Avenue,as　1　rule,I used to look into the windows of　2　old shop that sold old and beautiful things.Since I often took my walk after the closing time,I cupped my hands against　3　windows to get　4　small look at the treasures inside. ‎ Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for　5　long time,but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface.I even thought they were　6　most beautiful things that I had ever seen.That was how I felt about　7　old,too.I knew their value,and it hurt me when others missed it.I was raised by my grandmother and given　8　deep sense of the value of experience.Taught to behave well,my sister and I respected other people,regardless of their age or color.My grandmother was loved by all　9　people around her.She was known to be　10　wise and kind woman,who was able to do things well even in her last years. ‎ Old people should be treated as fine gold.They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽)by age,but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.‎ ‎1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　　 ‎ 答案 ‎1.a ‎2.an ‎3.the ‎4.a ‎5.a ‎6.the ‎7.the ‎8.a ‎9.the ‎10.a