【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解七选五典题练与析之一学案（9页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解七选五典题练与析之一学案（9页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 阅读理解七选五典题练与析之一 ‎【一】‎ Learning to set goals plays an important role as your child starts to gain independence. However, setting goals doesn’t come naturally to your child, so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals.‎ Explain the word “goal”. Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer, but he may not understand what it means in everyday life. __1__‎ Listen to your child. Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are. __2__ Let him talk about what he thinks he does well and what he thinks he needs to improve. If he’s stuck, you can provide some examples of your own personal goals.‎ Help keep goals achievable. Don’t throw cold water on your child. __3__ For example, if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but can’t swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal.‎ ‎__4__ Help your child write down his goals in an easytofollow form. Being able to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated. A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs (梯级). __5__‎ A．Change goals every so often.‎ B．Make a visual goal reminder.‎ C．Don’t always tell him what you think.‎ D．He’s climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal.‎ E．You can take sports as an example to help explain it to him.‎ F．Once he has set up a goal, he may find it very difficult to achieve it.‎ G．When a goal is beyond his reach, help him break it down into smaller pieces.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助孩子设定自己的目标，从而使他们学会独立。‎ ‎1．选E　根据空前的“Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，通过拿足球运动做例子让孩子明白目标的概念。选项E中的it指代上句中的“goal”。‎ ‎2．选C　根据本段主题句“Listen to your child.”和空前的“Ideally, you want your child ...what his goals are.”可知，你不要总是告诉孩子你的想法，要让孩子自己去决定他的目标，所以选C项。‎ ‎3．选G　根据本段主题句“Help keep goals achievable.”和空后所举的例子可推知，父母在孩子的目标太大不能实现的情况下，可以帮助其分解目标从而逐步实现目标。‎ ‎4．选B　根据空后的“Help your child write down his goals in an easytofollow form.”可知，确定目标之后，要让孩子把目标写下来，便于提醒和及时查看。‎ ‎5．选D　根据空前的“A really simple way is ...goal on the rungs (梯级)．”可知，爬向顶端就意味着离目标更近了，所以选D项。‎ ‎【二】‎ In your life, sometimes you may be asked to speak in front of a large group of people. Although it sounds a little scary, even those with stage fright can speak successfully to the group with adequate preparation.‎ ‎·Practice your speech before the big day. __1__ If possible, practice the speech in front of a friend or family member to get used to saying it to real people. If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards. This will force you to keep your speech concise (简洁的) and help you keep ‎ your eyes focused on your audience.‎ ‎·Remember why you’ve been invited to speak. If you’re battling fear over speaking to a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise. __2__‎ ‎·Remember that fear of public speaking is very common. __3__ Most of the people in the audience would be feeling the same fear and stress that you do in your position. Knowing this may make you feel better.‎ ‎·__4__ What you say should be tailored to why you’re there and who you’re speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group, mention the good work certain specific individuals have done for the cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people.‎ ‎·Keep eye contact with the crowd. __5__ Pick one person in each section and look at him while you’re speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section. When you focus only on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isn’t as frightening.‎ A．A good memory is really helpful.‎ B．Show appreciation to your audience.‎ C．Mention your audience in your speech.‎ D．The more you have it memorized, the better.‎ E．In fact, it’s normal to feel nervous or stressed out before a big speech.‎ F．Separate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak.‎ G．The knowledge of other people’s respect for you should reduce some of the fear.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文是一篇议论文，主要就如何在众人面前克服恐惧并进行成功的演讲提出了一些建议。‎ ‎1．选D　根据该段主题句可知，演讲前要进行练习；根据该段第四句可知，若一定要准备提示卡片，请把数量限制在3张，即此处是讲记不住演讲词的办法。D项“演讲词记的越熟越好”与下文话题衔接密切。故D项正确。‎ ‎2．选G　根据空格前“The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise.”可知，你受邀做演讲是因为组织者看中了你的专长，由此可知，G项“其他人对你知识的尊重应该可以让你减少些许恐惧”承接上文话题，符合语境。故G项正确。‎ ‎3．选E　根据该段主题句可知，害怕公开演讲很正常。下文应是对该句内容进行分析，故E项“事实上，在大型演讲前感到紧张或有压力是很正常的”符合语境，前后句构成顺承关系。故E项正确。‎ ‎4．选C　此处为该段主题句。根据下文可知，你所讲的内容应与你在这里演讲的原因及观众的身份相适应，避免空洞的概括。C项“演讲过程中要提及观众”概括了该段中心意思，适合做主题句。故C项正确。‎ ‎5．选F　根据空格后“Pick one person in each section”可知，F项“Separate the crowd into three sections ...”与下文话题衔接紧密，符合语境。故F项正确。‎ ‎【三】‎ Do you have these socalled bad qualities? If yes, congratulations! You’re better than you think.‎ It is hard to know what is good or bad these days when it comes to what qualities you possess. What strong quality applies to you may be what will drag you to become successful. And whatever the world has to think or say about those qualities shouldn’t bother you. Actually, these qualities are what bring out the shine in you. __1__‎ You love taking risks.‎ You like adventures. And you won’t just be settled in the safe zone. People ‎ will ask you why you are always after the thrill and going above the limits. But how will you discover new things when you are always playing it safe? __2__‎ You are proud.‎ Pride is different from arrogance (傲慢). You have your inner self and try to keep your selfrespect under control. You don’t give in easily. __3__ And you understand what your worth is.‎ ‎__4__‎ Many may consider you to be nosy, pushy or a busy body. But in many cases, being curious doesn’t always kill the cat, but makes you smarter. You can’t really become a better person when you are sticking to what you are. Focus on what you can be and ask the right questions.‎ You are pessimistic.‎ ‎__5__ The world wants to listen to a story of persons who are positive. But what if you are jumping into everything with optimism and not giving yourself the benefit of doubt? You may lose so much when you are not counting the risks and saying enough “No”．‎ A．You will only swell for the right reasons.‎ B．People will not view shyness as a strength.‎ C．You want to have an answer for everything.‎ D．You don’t see everything from a positive light.‎ E．You have to know a lot and reach for knowledge.‎ F．Here are socalled bad qualities that could offer you advantages in life.‎ G．Discovering yourself and the world requires some attempts at new things.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文是一篇说明文。你有一些所谓的不良品质吗？如果有，请不要气馁，事实上，它们可能对你是有益处的。‎ ‎1．选F　下文主要列举的是一些不被人看好的品质，但事实上它们对你来说可能是有益处的。F项“以下是在生活中能给你带来优势的所谓的不良品质”，引出了下文要讲的内容，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎2．选G　上文问道，如果你总是在寻求安全，不去冒险，那怎么能发现新的事物呢？G项“要想更好地了解自己和这个世界需要尝试一些新事物”，回应了上文所提的问题，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎3．选A　上文提到，骄傲与傲慢不同，(骄傲的人)能很好地控制自己的自尊，不轻言放弃。A项“你只因合理的理由而沾沾自喜”，与上文话题紧密相连，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎4．选C　空处为该段小标题。根据该段内容可知，本段主要讲述的是，一个人有好奇心、爱问问题并不是什么坏事，只要你保持专注，问恰当的问题，就能让自己更聪明。C项“你想弄清每一件事的答案”，与本段中所体现的品质相符，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎5．选D　本段的标题是“你是悲观的”。D项“你并不是从积极的一面看待一切事物”，与标题照应，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【四】‎ It is impossible to know when you might find yourself lost in a forest. If you know what to do, you can survive in a forest without much trouble; but if you are not prepared, survival can be much less likely.‎ Keep fear at bay It is completely natural to be afraid when you are faced with a survival situation. __1__ The more your fear overcomes you, the lower your chances are of survival, as your mind is going to become clouded and panic may set in.‎ Stay warm Obviously, the low body temperature is one of the primary dangers you face ‎ when you must survive in the forest. __2__ Never stop to sleep or quit moving around unless you have appropriate shelter.‎ Know how to make a fire Obviously, if you have a lighter or matches, this is not a problem. But if not, you can attempt to use a dry narrow pointed stick and a dry flat piece of wood. __3__ This requires a great deal of work, but if done correctly, you will succeed.‎ Make some shelter ‎__4__ The easiest way to provide protection is to find a fallen tree and cover it with other branches and brush so that you can stay in the natural pit underneath the tree trunk. This is a very important aspect of being able to survive in the forest.‎ Stay put unless you know exactly where you are If you can build a stable shelter and start a fire, you can survive in the forest for several days. __5__ If you know where you are, travel as far as possible during the day while making sure you stop long enough before dark so that you can build another shelter.‎ A．Soon you will find that it’s not that difficult to survive in the forest.‎ B．However, if you are going to survive in the forest, you must keep your thoughts clear.‎ C．Make as much friction (摩擦) as possible by rubbing the pointed stick along the flat piece.‎ D．It is better to stay and wait for rescue.‎ E．Under no circumstances should we fight with the wild animals.‎ F．Caves and overhangs are perfect, but most likely you must build your own.‎ G．It is crucial that you do all you can to stay dry and keep your body ‎ temperature up.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要针对在森林里迷路后该怎样逃生提出了五条建议。‎ ‎1．选B　该条建议是远离恐惧。结合语境可知，该空前后构成转折，因此空白处应为承上启下的过渡句，且表转折。故B项符合语境。‎ ‎2．选G　该条建议是保暖。根据上下文逻辑关系可知，G项中的“keep your body ‎ temperature up”与该条建议相符，且与上下文话题衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎3．选C　该条建议是知道如何取火。由上下文语境可知，空白处应为钻木取火的具体方法。C项“使木棍在平的木头上尽快摩擦”承上启下，符合语境。‎ ‎4．选F　该条建议是建造遮风避雨的地方。下文介绍了简单方法，由此可知，空格处应是该条建议的主题句。F项照应该段主题，符合语境。‎ ‎5．选D　该条建议是待在原地，除非你明确知道自己所在的地方。上文提到，如果你能够建一个固定的住所，还能够生火，你就可以在森林中生存几天。D项“最好待在那里等待救援”承接上文话题，符合语境。‎ ‎【五】‎ What is happiness? When you can feel inner peace and satisfaction, you are happy.__1__ This usually happens when we do something we love or achieve something that we value.It is our opinions that make us feel happy or unhappy.All of us constantly go through various situations or conditions, but we do not have to let them influence our reactions and feelings.__2__‎ Try hard to make a change of the way you look at things.__3__ That means looking at the good and positive side of every situation. Pay attention to solutions, not problems.Listen to relaxing and uplifting music. Watch funny and interesting programs that make you laugh.‎ Always look at what you have done and not at what you haven’t done.Look ‎ at what you can do, not at what you cannot do.Each day do at least one act to make others happy.When you make someone happy, you’ll become happy, and then people will try to make you happy.__4__ On the contrary, be happy for their happiness.Communicate with happy people and try to learn from them to be happy.Remember, do your best to stay detached (冷静的) when things do not occur as intended and desired.Detachment has much to do with inner peace.__5__‎ A．I’ve never regretted it.‎ B．Always look at the bright side.‎ C．Do not envy people who are happy.‎ D．Stop asking for everyone’s approval.‎ E．Inner peace can lead to happiness, so smile more often.‎ F．Here are a few tips for increasing happiness in daily life.‎ G．It is usually experienced at a special moment.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，文章就如何提高幸福感提出了几条建议。‎ ‎1．选G　由空后一句可知，幸福感总是在我们做我们喜欢做的事情或者得到我们重视的东西时出现，据此可知，G项“在特定的时刻通常会体验到幸福感”引出下文，故G项正确。‎ ‎2．选F　根据下文内容可知，下面两段阐述的是提高幸福感的建议，所以选F项，F项起承上启下的作用。‎ ‎3．选B　根据空后一句“That means looking at the good and positive side of every situation.”可知，选B项“要看到事物光明的一面”。‎ ‎4．选C　根据空后一句“On the contrary, be happy for their happiness.”可知，空处的意思与“be happy for their happiness”相反，故选C项“不要嫉妒幸福的人”。‎ ‎5．选E　根据空前一句“Detachment has much to do with inner peace.”‎ 可知，冷静地面对事情和内心的平静有很大关系，据此可以判断，空处阐述的是内心的平静和幸福的关系，故E项正确。‎ D Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health. __1__ Different people may give different answers to this question.Experts say it is essential to do the followings.‎ First, it is absolutely necessary to take some exercise every day. __2__ This strengthens the heart, reduces the chance of heart attack, and helps lower blood pressure.That’s why more and more people are becoming active in various kinds of sports and exercise. __3__‎ It is widely recognized that a healthy, balanced diet is essential for preventing disease and illness, managing your weight, living longer and keeping things such as hair, skin and nails in good condition.‎ ‎__4__ They advise people to eat more fruits and vegetables and less meat such as beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry (家禽) and fish.Fat can build up in the arteries (动脉), block the flow of blood, and cause a heart attack or stroke.‎ Getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy.Smoking and drinking alcohol injure one’s health a great deal, and therefore should be given up. __5__‎ If people follow these three ways of keeping fit, they will greatly improve their health.‎ A．Unfortunately, few people follow this advice.‎ B．But how to keep healthy?‎ C．It’s very important to have good living habits, such as doing regular exercise and having enough sleep.‎ D．Research shows that getting plenty of exercise makes the heart beat ‎ faster and the lungs work harder.‎ E．Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health.‎ F．Working out regularly every day can prevent us from putting on weight.‎ G．Through sports and exercise, people become healthier and stronger.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。健康是人类最大的财富，这也许每个人都知道。如何保持身心健康呢？本文作者即将为你揭晓答案。‎ ‎1．选B　B项中“how to keep healthy”与下句中的“this question”呼应。‎ ‎2．选D　D项中的“exercise”与上句中的“exercise”是原词复现。‎ ‎3．选G　上文讲述了人们积极参加锻炼的原因，G项说明锻炼给人们带来的变化。‎ ‎4．选E　该段主要讲述了饮食与健康的关系。‎ ‎5．选A　A项中的“Unfortunately”表达的是一种转折关系，很少有人听从上述这个建议。‎