【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解原创试题训练学案之九

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解原创试题训练学案之九

‎2020届二轮复习阅读理解原创试题训练学案之九 ‎1、An introduction to this book is as superfluous as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight. But a convention of publishing seems to require that the candle should be there, and I am proud to be the one to hold it. About ten years ago I picked up from the pile of new books on my desk a copy of Sons and Lovers by a man of whom I had never heard, and I started to race through it with the immoral speed of the professional reviewer. But after a page or two I found myself reading, really reading. Here was—here is—a masterpiece in which every sentence counts, a book packed with significant thought and beautiful, arresting phrases, the work of a remarkable genius whose gifts are more richly various than those of any other young English novelist.‎ To appreciate the rich variety of Mr. Lawrence we must read his later novels and his volumes of poetry. But Sons and Lovers reveals the range of his typical power. Here are combined and blended(混合的) sort of “realism” and almost lyric(抒情的) imagery and rhythm. The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and accidents; they fall in love, marry, work, fail, succeed, and die. But of their deeper emotions and of the relations of these little human beings to the earth and to the stars, Mr Lawrence ‎ makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper “other harmony”.‎ Take the marvellous paragraph on next to the last page of Sons and Lovers(Mr Lawrence depends so little on plot in the ordinary sense of the word that it is perfectly fair to read the end of his book first):‎ Where was he? One tiny upright speck of flesh, less than an ear of wheat lost in the field. He could not bear it. On every side the immense dark silence seemed pressing him, so tiny a spark, into extinction, and yet, almost nothing, he could not be extinct. Night, in which everything was lost, went reaching out, beyond stars and sun, stars and sun, a few bright grains, went spinning round for terror, and holding each other in embrace, there in the darkness that outpassed them all, and left them tiny and daunted(气馁). So much, and himself, infinitesimal, at the core a nothingness, and yet not nothing.‎ Such glorious writing lifts the book far above a novel which is merely a story. I beg the reader to attend to every line of it and not to miss a single one of the many sentences that await and surprise you. Some are enthusiastic and impressive, like the paragraph above; others are keen, “realistic” observations of things and people. In one of his books Mr Lawrence makes a character say, or think, that life is “mixed”. That indicates his philosophy and his method. He blends the accurately literal and trivial(琐碎的) with the extremely poetic.‎ To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists, Hardy and Meredith. I do not mean that Mr Lawrence derives(源于) directly from them or, indeed, that he is clearly the disciple(弟子) of any master. I do feel simply that he is of the elder stature(名望) of Hardy and Meredith, and I know of no other young novelist who is quite worthy of their company. When I first tried to express this comparison, this connection, I was contradicted by a fellow­critic, who pointed out that Meredith and Hardy are entirely unlike each other and that therefore Mr Lawrence cannot resemble both. To be sure, nothing is more hateful than forced comparisons, nothing more boring than to discover parallels between one work of art and another. An artist's mastery consists in his difference from other masters. But to refer a young man of genius to an older one, at the same time pronouncing his independence and originality, is a fair, if not very superior, method of praising him.‎ ‎1.The underlined word “superfluous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A.meaningful B.unnecessary C.fundamental D.fashionable 2.What is typical of Lawrence's works?‎ A.They equally reveal his genius power. B.They contain lots of great lyric poetry.‎ C.They present some real living situations. D.They focus on ‎ relations between humans.‎ ‎3.What does the author want to illustrate by including one paragraph from Sons and Lovers?‎ A.The plot of the novel has little to do with daily life.‎ B.It is wise to read Lawrence's books from the end.‎ C.Lawrence is not capable of telling good stories.‎ D.The language in Lawrence's books is elegant.‎ ‎4.Who were Hardy and Meredith?‎ A.They taught Lawrence literature when he was young.‎ B.They were the realistic novelists of Lawrence's time.‎ C.They were novelists who resemble each other in writing.‎ D.They were novelists combining details with imagination.‎ ‎5.According to the author, what does an artist's mastery mean?‎ A.He must have personal diversity. B.He must have the critical spirits.‎ C.He must be happy to be compared. D.He must be a man of genius.‎ ‎6.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?‎ A.To introduce Lawrence's novel Sons and Lovers.‎ B.To show his experiences of reading classics.‎ C.To analyze Lawrence's writing characteristics.‎ D.To compare the styles of different novelists.‎ ‎2、My 16-year-old son, Anton, had gone to the local swimming hole. Most of the kids swim there, and there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe harbors, so I had no fears for his safety.‎ Still, the firefighter’s first words “You need to come up here to the Stillwater River” made me catch my breath, and his follow-up words gave me relief: “Your son is OK.”‎ When I got to the river, I immediately saw the firetruck, ambulance and Anton, wrapped with a towel about his shoulders, sitting quietly on a low platform of the fire engine.‎ I hurried over to him. “You OK?” I asked ‎“Yeah,” was all he said. But my eyes begged for an explanation. I didn’t get it from my son, however, who tends to play his cards close to his vest.‎ The story was this: A woman was being swept under water. Hearing the cries, Anton and his friend Tyler, without hesitation, swam out to her, and brought her safely to shore.‎ In an age in which the word “hero” is broadcast with abandon and seemingly applied to anyone who made it through the day, I realized the real thing in my son. The teens are stubborn and self-centered, but that didn’t mean they have no desire to do good.‎ Still shocked by my son’s daring, I drove him home. Along the way, I tried to dig out some more information from him---- but he had precious little to say. The only words he said were, “What’s for supper?”‎ I spent some time alone that evening, thinking about the tragedy that might have been. The next morning, when Anton got up, I half expected him to tell me the story. But all he did was toast some bread, pull himself together, and head for the door to start a new day. Watching from the window, I was reminded that still water often runs deep.‎ ‎1.Why did the mother allow her son to swim there?‎ A.He was an excellent swimmer. B.The water of the river is shallow.‎ C.He was old enough to swim. D.The rocks can be of help if there’s danger.‎ ‎2.The underlined part “who tends to play his cards close to his vest” probably means __________.‎ A.Anton is a boy fond of swimming with other kids B.Anton is unwilling to tell others what he thinks C.Anton always has a desire to help others D.Anton seldom changes his mind ‎3.In the mother’s eyes, what her son did was _______________.‎ A.dangerous but interesting B.meaningful but difficult C.unexpected and courageous D.awful and absurd ‎4.What might be the best title for the passage?‎ A.My Son, My Hero B.Anton, A Silent Boy C.A Good Deed D.A Proud Mother ‎3、If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.‎ Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China’s Gansu Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site.‎ Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.‎ In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with ‎ Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. “The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed,” she said.‎ Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. “Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can’t completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last.”‎ Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt.  “I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I’m full of guilt,” she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.‎ ‎1.Which of the following measures didn’t Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes? A.Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively. B.Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded. C.Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online. D.Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity. 2.When was Fan separated from her husband? A.In 1963. B.In ‎ 1967. C.In 1986. D.In the late 1990s. 3.The phrase “in their way” in Paragraph 4 means ________. A.Go to a place. B.Be in favor of something. C.Reject something. D.Give in to something. 4.The passage is mainly about _________. A.the history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. B.the attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. C.Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. D.the appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. 5.What kind of person do you think Fan is? A.Considerate and easy-going. B.kind and intelligent. C.Humorous and sweet-tempered. D.Devoted and persistent.‎ ‎4、Imagine, one day, getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours,and thereafter a full day of work,going back home to Beijing and having dinner there.‎ Sounds unusual, doesn t it? But it’s not that unrealistic, with the development of China's highspeed railway system. And that’s not all.‎ ‎ China has an even greater high-speed railway plan----to connect the country with Southeast Asia,and eventually Eastern Europe.‎ China is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 10 to 15 years,eventually reaching London and Singapore. China has proposed three such projects. The first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore via Vietnam and Malaysia. Another could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, and possibly to Germany. The third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe.‎ If China's plan for the high-speed railway goes forward, people could zip over from London to Beijing in under two days. The new system would still follow China's high-speed railway standard. And the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour, almost as fast as some airplanes. China's bullet train(高速客车),the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou,already has the world's fastest average speed. It covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hours. Of course,there are some technical challenges to overcome. There are so many issuevs that need to be settled, such as safety, rail gauge (轨距),maintenance of railway tracks. So,it's important to pay attention to every detail.‎ But the key issue is really money. China is already spending hundreds of billions yuan on domestic railway expansion. China prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capital ‎ investment. Resources from those countries could stream into China to sustain development. It’ll be a win-win project. For other countries,the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on,not to mention the better communicationamong those countries.‎ For China,such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources, but would also help develop China’s far west. We foresee that in the coming decades,millions of people will migrate to the western regions, where the land is empty and resources unused. With high-speed trains, people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all. And they'll trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries.‎ ‎1.China s new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because______.‎ A.China will get much-needed resources and develop its western regions B.China and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various ways C.China will develop its railway system and communication with other countries D.the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation. business and tourism ‎2.According to the passage, the greatest challenge to the new high-speed ‎ railway plan is______.‎ A.technical issues B.safety of the system C.financial problems D.maintenance of railway tracks ‎3.Which of the following words best describes the author's attitude towards China's high-speed railway plan?‎ A.Critical. B.Reserved. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.‎ ‎4.Which of the following might be thebest title for the passage?‎ A.New Railway Standards B.Big Railway Dreams C.High-speed Bullet Trains D.International Railway Network ‎5、      Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.       One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and ‎ do something in another room.       Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.       Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.       For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences. 1.By watching TV, children learn _________. A.images through words B.more than explicit ‎ meanings C.more about images than words D.little about people’s psychology 2.An educational program is best watched by a child _________. A.on his own B.with other kids C.with his parents D.with his teachers 3.Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability? A.Radio-listening B.Television-watching C.Parents’ reading list D.Parents’ educational background 4.Anderson believed that _________. A.the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is B.the younger a child is, the more he watches TV C.the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV D.the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school 5.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To advise on the educational use of TV. B.To describe TV’s harmful effects on children. C.To explain traditional views on TV influences. D.To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.‎ ‎6、Students who want to attend an American college or university must explain how they will pay for their education. They have to show that they will be able to pay for each year of study. Students have to consider not only the tuition, the cost of classes, but also meals and a ‎ place to live in, which is known as room-and-board. They also need money for books and supplies. And they need money to spend on social activities and other things.  ‎ Educational advisers say foreign students should have enough money in a local bank to pay for at least two months of expenditure. So how much will a year at an American school cost? Generally speaking, the answer is: a lot. A leading state university in the Pacific Northwest will serve as an example. The University of Washington says foreign students are paying more than $36,000 this year. This major research university currently has 2,600 foreign students from more than one hundred countries. There are many schools that cost less, but also others that cost more. Its web site says the University of Washington does not offer financial assistance to international students. This is generally true of American schools, especially at the undergraduate level.‎ The international application for the university includes a Statement of Financial Responsibility that must be signed. Students must also provide a bank letter or statement from within the past six months. And they have to name someone who will help with payments. These people must send proof from a bank to show that they have the money. Your government or employer may be able to help you pay all or some of the college costs. A good idea is to ask at least eighteen months before you want to start classes in the United States.‎ Our Foreign Student Services, including links to web sites discussed in our reports, can be found at www.unsv.com. To learn more about higher education in America, the State Department has a special web site: educationusa.state.gov.‎ ‎1.Students who are going to study in America must __________.‎ A.buy their own textbooks themselves B.prove that they can pay for their study C.find a living place with a kitchen D.find someone to pay for their college fees ‎2.Who is this speech probably given to?‎ A.Students who are going to graduate from colleges.‎ B.Students who are going to college in the US.‎ C.Students who are going to apply for room-and-board.‎ D.Students who can’t pay for their college study by themselves.‎ ‎3.What is NOT a must if you, a foreign student, apply for the university in the US?‎ A.Apply eighteen months before you want to start.‎ B.A signed Statement of Financial Responsibility.‎ C.People who will help you pay for the study should provide a bank proof.‎ D.A bank letter from within the past six months.‎ ‎4.What is the speaker’s purpose in this speech?‎ A.To tell foreign students that money is the most important thing in the US.‎ B.To advise foreign students to apply as soon as possible so as to have more chances.‎ C.To state some requirements that foreign students should pay attention to when applying for colleges.‎ D.To tell people about the present situation of foreign students in the US.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.D; 5.A; 6.C 解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight”可知,一本书的序言就像强光探照灯前的蜡烛一样多余,由此可知画线词词义为“没必要的”,故B项正确 2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and accidents”可知,劳伦斯作品中人物的语言是日常生活用语,发生在她们身上的也都是日常生活中的经历,也就是展示了一些真实的生活场景,故C项正确。 3.推理判断题。根据第二段中的‘'Mr. Lawrence makes something near to ‎ poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper "other harmony."”可知,劳伦斯在不破坏诗歌和散文的和谐的前提下,使他的作品更接近诗歌和散文,语言很优美,作者举《儿子和爱人》中的一段为例就是为了证明这一点,故D正确。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wideimaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists. Hardy and Meredith”可知,为了找到将生活中的细节和想象结合起来的作品,我们必须求助于两位更年长的小说家Hardy和Meredith,由此可知他俩都是将生活中的细节和想象结合起来的小说家,故D项正确。 5.细节理解题.根据最后一段中的“An artist's mastery consists in his difference from othermasters”可知,作者认为一个艺术家的才能在于他必须与其他的大师的不同,也就是具有个人的多样性,故A项正确。 6.作者意图题。通读全文可知,这篇文章以劳伦斯的作品《儿子和爱人》为例介绍了劳伦斯的创作过程,故C正确。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A 解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段提到there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe harbors, so I had no fears for his safety.作为一个安全的海港,有许多的石头,因此我并不担心他的安全,故选D项。 2.推断题。根据第五段提到But my eyes begged for an explanation, I ‎ didn't get it from my son, however, who tends to play his cards close to his vest.我希望得到解释,但从儿子的并没有得到,他倾向于把这事放在内心,故选B项。 3.细节推断题。根据倒数第四段提到In an age in which the word "hero" is broadcast with abandon and seemingly applied to anyone who make it through the day, I realized the real thing in my son. The teens are stubborn and self-centred, but that didn't mean they have no desire to do good.在一个“英雄”一词被随意使用的时代,“英雄”似乎可以用来形容每一个能把日子过下去的人,我意识到在我的儿子以及他的朋友那里,我直面的是真正的英雄行为——为了别人而不顾自己个人的安危,故选C项。 4.主旨大意。本文讲述的是在一个“英雄”一词被随意使用的时代,“英雄”似乎可以用来形容每一个能把日子过下去的人,我意识到在我的儿子以及他的朋友那里,我直面的是真正的英雄行为——为了别人而不顾自己个人的安危,故选A项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C; 5.D 解析：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.D; 4.B 解析：1.根据第5段第5句话“It’ll be a win-win project. For other countries, the railway network will definitely create moreopportunities for business, tourism and so on. not to mention the better communication among those countries. ’’可知。 2.题眼是die greatest challenge,根据第5段第一句可知。 3.推理判断题。作者在文章中提到高铁计划对于所有参加的国家来说都是有益的,而中国可以开发广袤的西部地区,说明作者对高铁计划的前景是很乐观的。故D项正确。 4.文章从一开始就用Imagine,one day...到第二段China has an even greater high-speed railway plan,第三段第一句,第四段第一句,加上下文有很多的will,would等足以概括出来。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.C; 5.D 解析：1.事实细节题。根据第二段第三句“Instead,they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see." 可知答案。 2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“Furthermore, as many teachers agree,children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. ”可以推断出答案。 3.事实细节题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Things like parents educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading." ‎ 可知答案。 4.推理判断题。根据文章第四段第四句Anderson所说“If you’re smart young,you’ll watch less TV when you’re older," 可以推断出答案。 5.主旨大意题。整篇文章讲述的都是Anderson关于看电视对孩子的影响所提出的非传统的观点。故选D。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C 解析：‎ ‎ ‎