吉林省长春外国语学校2021届高三上学期期初考试英语试题 Word版含解析

吉林省长春外国语学校2021届高三上学期期初考试英语试题 Word版含解析

长春外国语学校 2020-2021 学年第一学期高三年级期初考 试 英语试卷 Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选 项。 A There are no bad authors for children. Children like and want to read and seek out, because every child is different. They can find the stories they need, and they bring themselves to stories. Here are some books children should read. The Little Prince, by Antoine de Saint-Exupery This book tells the story of a stranded (陷入困境的)airplane pilot，who meets an otherworldly little prince in the Sahara desert. The Little Prince is a fascinating character and the author’s watercolor illustrations are beautiful. There is an excellent pop-up(立体的)book version. At the Back of the North Wind，by George MacDonald George MacDonald has written several other lovely children’s books—The Princess and the Goblin is a must-read. But this book is perhaps his sweetest. A little boy named Diamond meets the mysterious lady North Wind one stormy night, and she brings him on many adventures through the night sky. Carry On，Mr. Bowditch, by Jean Lee Latham This excellent book explores the world of sea travel and colonial England through its main character, Nat Bowditcli. Nat has to give up dreams of Harvard to become an indentured (受契约约 束的)servant. Nonetheless, he teaches himself advanced mathematics, and grows up to become captain of his own ship. The Phantom Tollbooth，by Norman Juster Its protagonist (主角），Milo，is a bored little boy who discovers a “phantom tollbooth”—and with it，an imaginative world in which numbers，words，music，and sounds come to life. He is given the “impossible” mission of returning two princesses to the Kingdom of Wisdom. In the process, he has learned valuable lessons, finding a love of learning. 1. Which of the following books has beautiful pictures in it? A. The Little Prince B. At the Back of the North Wind C. Carry On，Mr. Bowditch D. The Phantom Tollbooth 2. In Jean Lee Latham’s book, Nat Bowditch ________. A. doesn’t want to go to university B. gives up his dream of being a captain C. learns advanced mathematics by himself D. wants to teach mathematics in Harvard 3. What does the book The Phantom Tollbooth focus on? A. Adventures through the night sky. B. Learning in a fun way. C. Exploration of the ocean world. D. Romantic stories in the desert. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇布告类阅读。文章作者为孩子们推荐了一些应该读的书。 1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二部分的 The little prince is a fascinating character and the author’s watercolor illustrations are beautiful.可知，The Little Prince 中有精美的插图，故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四部分的 Nonetheless, he teaches himself advanced mathematics 可知， Nat Bowditch 自学了高等数学，故选 C。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一部分的 In the process, he has learned valuable lessons, finding a love of learning. 可知 The Phantom Tollbooth 一书介绍了一位觉得什么都了无生趣的主人公米洛在经 历了一次奇妙旅程之后，找到了学习的乐趣，故 B 项正确。 【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理 做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息， 即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所 隐含的深层含义。小题 3 题干要求指出 The Phantom Tollbooth 这本书关注什么？最后一部分 的 In the process, he has learned valuable lessons, finding a love of learning.中 finding a love of learning.是关键词，可知 The Phantom Tollbooth 一书介绍了一位觉得什么都了无生趣的主人 【 公米洛在经历了一次奇妙旅程之后，找到了学习的乐趣，故 B 项正确。所以同学们一定要 抓住关键词进行合理推断。 B Toni Morrison was an American writer who received the Nobel Prize in Literature. Her novels. Beloved, Song of Solomon and others explored the way African-Americans search for freedom and identity in a country obsessed with skin color. Morrison was nearly 40 when she published her first novel The Bluest Eye in 1970. The Nobel Prize committee described her writing as language itself, a language she wants to liberate from race. Her novels discussed America's past, focusing on black history and the effects of slavery and racism. She culled her characters “the unfree at the heart of the democratic experiment”. In 1988, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel Beloved, the story of a mother who kills her baby daughter rather than permit her to be born into slavery. It became a best-seller and was later made into a film with Oprah Winfrey. Many Americans admired her as the country's greatest living writer, including former President Barack Obama. She was born in 1931. She attended Howard University, an all-black university in Washington, D. C. At Howard, she read African. British and American literature, including writers William Faulkner and Virginia Woolf. After a short marriage, she became a single mother of two sons and worked as a book editor in New York. Several publishers rejected her first book The Bluest Eye but it impressed The New York Times' book critic John Leonard, who believed Morrison was an important new voice. He said her writing was “so charged with pain and wonder that the novel becomes poetry”. Morrison enjoyed her literary fame and was proud of her Nobel Prize. 4. What are Toni Morrison's books mainly about? A. Women's equality and rights. B. The development of America. C. The literature of America. D. American history and racism. 5. Which of the following helped Toni Morrison receive the Pulitzer Prize? A. Beloved. B. Song of Solomon. C. The Bluest Eye. D. The New York Times. 6. Why is former President Barack Obama mentioned? A. To show Barack Obama's support in literature. B. To prove Toni Morrison' greatness as a writer. C. To stress Toni Morrison' contribution to America. D. To remind readers of the skin color of Barack Obama. 7. What can we infer from John Leonard's words? A. He thought highly of Morrison. B. He rejected the book The Bluest Eye. C. The book The Bluest Eye made him painful. D. Toni Morrison's book was hard to understand. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一个非裔美国作家 Toni Morrison 获得了诺贝尔奖，以及美国 最高荣誉的故事。本文介绍了她的个人经历，她为她是非裔美国人以及获得诺贝尔奖而感到 骄傲。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 The Nobel Prize committee described her writing as language itself, a language she wants to liberate from race. Her novels discussed America's past, focusing on black history and the effects of slavery and racism. 可知诺贝尔奖委员会称她的作品本身就是语言，她 希望将语言从种族中解放出来。她的小说探讨了美国的过去，着重于黑人历史以及奴隶制和 种族主义的影响。由此可知，Toni Morrison 小说主要是关于美国历史和种族主义。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 In 1988, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel Beloved, the story of a mother who kills her baby daughter rather than permit her to be born into slavery.可知 1988 年， 她的小说 Beloved 获得了普利策奖。小说讲述了一位母亲杀死自己年幼的女儿，而不是让她 生下来当奴隶的故事。由此可知，Beloved 帮助 Morrison 获得了普利策奖。故选 A。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 Many Americans admired her as the country's greatest living writer, including former President Barack Obama.可知包括美国前总统奥巴马在内的许多美国人都钦 佩她，认为她是美国最伟大的在世作家。由此可推知，文章美国前总统奥巴马，是为了证明 Toni Morrison 作为作家的伟大。故选 B。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Several publishers rejected her first book The Bluest Eye but it impressed The New York Times' book critic John Leonard, who believed Morrison was an important new voice. He said her writing was “so charged with pain and wonder that the novel becomes poetry”.可知几家出版商拒绝了她的第一本书《最蓝的眼睛》，但它打动了《纽约时 报》的书评家 John Leonard，他认为 Morrison 是一位重要的新声音。他说，她的作品“充满 了痛苦和惊奇，以至于这部小说变成了诗歌”。由此可推知，John Leonard 对 Morrison 评价 很高。故选 A。 C Everyone procrastinates(拖延). “It's part of the human condition, ”says procrastination researcher Tim Pychyl. “We want to feel good now. The way to do that is avoid the task.” He admits that in the short term, procrastination is powerfully rewarding. The present self-benefits, of course, but not the future self. His research has shown that people can procrastinate on nearly anything, even enjoyable tasks such as planning a vacation. Some people procrastinate cleaning. Some people procrastinate by cleaning. The top tasks people delay are advancing their careers, taking care of their health, and planning their finances. One big factor for them is fear of failure, of not living up to expectations. Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. That inability to take action only confirmed her belief that she would never do any better. “It's totally fear of judgment,” says Saginak. “If I don't take the risk, I don't have to face the judgment. Yet it's simply me judging myself.” Some people embrace procrastination, insisting that the white-hot pressure of a last-minute completion makes his or her work better. But researchers have proved it wrong. “I did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time. They did worse than non-procrastinators, but they thought they did better.” says Joseph Ferrari, a psychology professor. “Non- Procrastinators focus on the task that needs to be done. They have a stronger personal identity and are less concerned about what psychologists call social esteem's how others like us.” Procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. Just thinking about what you haven't done may cause discomfort. So if you have been procrastinating on starting an exercise routine, just put on your walking shoes. If you've been putting off a work project, reread your boss's notes about it. 8. According to Tim Pychyl, people procrastinate because . A. it simplifies the tasks B. it offers temporary relief C. it allows more time for planning D. it benefits one's self development 9. What did Kelli Saginak mean by “Yet it's simply me judging myself”? A. She has false expectations. B. She makes quick judgement. C. She regrets taking no action. D. She values her present career. 10. What does Joseph Ferrari's experiment show? A. Procrastinators usually lack confidence. B. Procrastinators turn pressure into motivation. C. Non-procrastinators care much about others 'feelings. D. Non-procrastinators perform better within a time limit. 11. What is the author's attitude towards procrastination? A. Favorable. B. Reserved. C. Opposed. D. Objective. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了每个人都会拖延，这是人类状态的一部分。研究拖延症的 Tim Pychyl 的研究表明人们可以拖延几乎任何事情，甚至是愉快的任务，如计划假期。文章 还分析了导致人们拖延的一些因素，以及拖延带来的不良后果。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It's part of the human condition, ”says procrastination researcher Tim Pychyl. “We want to feel good now. The way to do that is avoid the task.” He admits that in the short term, procrastination is powerfully rewarding. The present self-benefits, of course, but not the future self.可知“这是人类状态的一部分，”研究拖延症的Tim Pychyl 说。“我们现在想要感觉良 好。这样做的方法是避免任务。他承认，从短期来看，拖延是非常有益的。当然，现在的自 我利益，而不是未来的自我利益。由此可知，Tim Pychyl 认为，人们拖延是因为它能提供暂 时的缓解。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 句 意 猜 测 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 中 Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. That inability to take action only confirmed her belief that she would never do any better. “It's totally fear of judgment,” says Saginak.可知来自威 斯康辛州、现年 57 岁的健康教练 Kelli Saginak 拖延了好几年才开始找新工作。无法采取行 动只会让她坚信自己永远不会做得更好。“这完全是对评判的恐惧，”Saginak 说。由此可 知，Kelli Saginak 所说的“Yet it's simply me judging myself”的意思是她后悔没有采取行动。 故选 C。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time. They did worse than non-procrastinators, but they thought they did better.” says Joseph Ferrari, a psychology professor. “Non- Procrastinators focus on the task that needs to be done. They have a stronger personal identity and are less concerned about what psychologists call social esteem's how others like us.”可知“我做过一个实验，将拖延者置于时间限制之下。他们比不拖拉的人做得 更差，但他们认为自己做得更好。”心理学教授 Joseph Ferrari 说。“非拖延者会专注于需 要完成的任务。他们有更强的个人认同感，不太关心心理学家所说的社会尊重，即别人如何 喜欢我们。”由此可知，Joseph Ferrari 的实验说明了不拖拉的人在限定的时间内表现得更好。 故选 D。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. Just thinking about what you haven't done may cause discomfort.可知拖延症通常对你没有好处。仅仅 想到你没有做的事情可能会让你感到不适。由此可推知，作者对拖延症的态度是反对的。故 选 C。 D It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight. A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, ＂Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.＂ The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight. Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿 病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers. The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight. For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol(白藜芦醇), a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells. 12. The passage is mainly for those___________. A. who produce wine B. who have a drinking habit C. who go on a diet D. who are eager to lose weight 13. The underlined phrase＂ in moderation＂ in the first paragraph means ___________. A. excitedly B. carefully C. frequently D. properly 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight. B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat. C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect. D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear. 15. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows? A. How to do some easy experiments. B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine. C. How to prove the finding mentioned above. D. How to make wine in a healthy way. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。研究人员发现酒也可能成为人们饮食的一部分，适当的饮酒并不会导致人们 发胖，并且适量饮酒会防止人们得糖尿病。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句 It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet.可知，研究发现酒也可能成为人们饮食的一部分，适当的饮酒并不会导致人们 发胖。全文都在叙述与之有关的研究，所以本文应该是写给那些喝酒的人的。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 猜测词义题。根据第一段第二句 Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.（尽管酗酒的确可以增加 体重，但是那些适当饮酒的人实际上会减肥。），根据连词 while 可知，上下文存在对比关系， in moderation 指适当的，有节制的，故选 D。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. 可知，适量饮酒对于糖尿病有防护作用，也就是说适量饮酒的人不会患上糖尿病。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 最 后 一 句 What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol, a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.可知，一项研究说明葡萄 和红酒中存在的 resveratrol 实际上可以破坏肥胖细胞，那么接下来就应该证明这一理论的正 确性，故选 C。 【点睛】推理题的解题方法 1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即 某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐 含的深层含义。 2.整合全文（段）信息进行推断 做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去 推理判断，确定最佳结论。小题 2 根据第一段第二句 Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.尽 管酗酒的确可以增加体重，但是那些适当饮酒的人实际上会减肥。根据连词 while 可知上下 文存在对比关系，故选 B。 第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。 Reducing class size has traditionally been seen as an important way to improve a student’s educational experience. Many often believe that smaller classes would permit teachers to give more personal attention to their students. ___16___. But one recent study suggests there's not much research-based evidence to support this idea. The research was collected by a team from Denmark's Danish Center for Social Science Research. The study notes that one of the main problems with reducing class size is that it can have very high costs. ___17___. Financial limitations make it very difficult for many schools to reduce the number of students in the classroom. The new study began by examining 127 studies on classroom size. Its goal was to examine the major research studies already completed on the subject. ___18___. In the end, the research centered on 10 main studies with possible sampling (采样)problems. The researchers concluded that there's some evidence to suggest that reducing class size may lead to some improvement in a student 's reading achievement. ___19___. They found just a 53-percent chance that a randomly selected test score from a student from a small class would be higher than the selected score of a student from a larger class. ___20___. This led the researchers to conclude that there would be no benefit at all to math students in a smaller class size. A. But they said the effect is very small B. For mathematics achievement, the result was 49 percent C. This can theoretically lead to improved academic results for students D. Many public opinion studies have shown teachers favor smaller class sizes E. The effects of larger class size can stay long after the students complete their education F. Increasing class size is one of the most common ways school systems control education spending G. They especially centered on those trying to measure if smaller class size led to greater academic success 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。减少班容量传统上被认为可以提高学生的成绩。但新的研究发现，班容量 小可能会提高部分学生的阅读成绩，但对于学生的数学成绩来说，没有明显的作用。 【16 题详解】 上一句提到：减小班容量可以使老师们给学生更多的关注。该句承接上文，应该继续介绍这 么做的好处，故 C 选项切题：这从理论上可以提高学生的学习成绩。C 选项中的 This 指代 上一句的内容。 【17 题详解】 根据上一句中的“it can have very high costs”和下一句中的“Financial limitations make it very difficult”可知，该段介绍的是班容量和成本方面的关系，选项中只有 F 选项和此有关，故 F 选项切题：提高班容量是学校控制教育费用的常见的方式之一。 【18 题详解】 该空前面介绍的新研究的对象和目的。那么，该空仍然要介绍新研究的相关内容，故 G 选 项切题。该空主要介绍新研究的重点：他们特别关注那些试图衡量班级规模是否会带来更大 学术成就的研究。下一句中的“10 main studies”亦是对该空的补充说明。 【19 题详解】 该空前面提到：有一些证据表明减小班容量可能会导致学生阅读成绩的提高。后一句提到： 他们发现，来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有 53%的几率会高于来自大容量班 级学生的所选分数。该空承上启下，应该表明小班教学实际上效果不是很好，故 A 选项切 题。 【20 题详解】 上一句提到：来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有 53%的几率会高于来自大容量 班级学生的所选分数。下一句提到：这导致研究者们得出结论：班级容量小对于学生的数学 成绩没有好处。该空承接上文，还应该介绍班容量和数学成绩有关的内容，故 B 选项切题： 对于数学成绩来说，这个几率只有 49%。 Ⅱ.完型填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳 选项。 The world always makes way for the dreamer When I was nine years old, I lived in a small town. I found an ad for selling greeting cards in the back of a children’s magazine. I thought to myself I could do this, so I begged my mother to let me send for the kit (卡片盒). Two weeks later when the kit arrived, I took the cards and ran out of the house. Three hours later, I returned home with no ___21___ and a pocket full of money. A ___22___ was born. When I was twelve years old, my father took me to ___23___ Zig Ziegler. I remember listening to Mr. Ziegler who raised everyone’s ___24___ up to the ceiling. I left there feeling like I could do anything. I wanted to be a speaker just like Mr. Ziegler. Then a ___25___ was born. Recently, I began pursuing my dream of ___26___ others. After working for many years in the company, I decided to ___27___ my secure position after attending a sales meeting. The vice-president of our company made a speech that ___28___ my life. He asked us, “___29___ an angel could realize your three wishes, what would they be?” After giving us a moment to ___30___ the three wishes, he then asked us, “Why do you need an angel?” I would ___31___ forget the encouragement it gave me at that moment. I ___32___ that I didn’t need an angel’s help to become a great speaker. Having made that decision, I was immediately ___33___. My husband was laid off from his job just one week after I ___34___ my job. We had recently bought a new house and needed both ___35___ to pay the monthly mortgage (按揭贷款). I even planned to turn back to my ___36___ company, knowing they wanted me to stay but I was ___37___ that if I went back, I would never leave. I decided I still wanted to ___38___ forward rather than end up with a mouth full of “if onlys” later on. A motivational speaker was born. When I firmly ___39___ my dream, the miracles really began to happen. In a short period my husband found a better job. And I was able to get a lot of ___40___ engagements. I discovered the unbelievable power of dreams. 21. A. cover B. tool C. card D. magazine 22. A. salesperson B. advertiser C. designer D. collector 23. A. help B. see C. hug D. encourage 24. A. height B. senses C. Voice D. spirits 25. A. concept B. memory C. dream D. chance 26. A. controlling B. entertaining C. challenging D. motivating 27. A. leave B. gain C. pursue D. question 28. A. prevented B. ruined C. changed D. studied 29. A. If B. Although C. Unless D. Before 30. A. give up B. look into C. carry out D. write down 31. A. never B. seldom C. always D. sometimes 32. A. argued B. realized C. expected D. imagined 33. A. improved B. criticized C. tested D. accepted 34. A. knew B. quit C. offered D. created 35. A. ideas B. confidence C. energy D. incomes 36. A. ideal B. former C. official D. secure 37. A. optimistic B. certain C. sensitive D. generous 38. A. touch B. sit C. manage D. move 39. A. stuck to B. adjusted to C. returned to D. objected to 40. A. selling B. operating C. speaking D. publishing 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了世界总为梦想者让路的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：三个小时后，我回家时口袋里没有一张卡片，口袋里装的都是钱。 A. cover 封面; B. tool 工具；C. card 卡片; D. magazine 杂志。由“I took the cards and ran out of the house ”可知，作者拿着卡片跑出了家门，三个小时之后，口袋里没有一张卡片，口袋里 装的都是钱。故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名销售人员诞生了。A. salesperson 销售员；B. advertiser 广告 商；C. designer 设计者；D. collector 收藏家。由“, I returned home with no ___1___ and a pocket full of money ”可知，作者回来时口袋里没有一张卡片，口袋里装的都是钱，可见作者将卡片 买了。所以作者做了一回销售员。所以一名销售人员诞生了。故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我十二岁的时候，我父亲带我去拜访齐格勒先生。A. help 帮 助；B. see 拜访；C. hug 拥抱；D. encourage 鼓励。由“I remember listening to Mr. Ziegler”可知， 作者的父亲带着作者去拜访了齐格勒先生。故选 B 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我聆听齐格勒先生演讲，他让每个人都精神振奋。A. height 高度； B. senses 感觉；C. voice 声音；D. spirits 情绪。由“I left there feeling like I could do anything”可 知，齐格勒先生让每个人都精神振奋，使得作者觉得自己能做任何事情。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后一个梦想诞生了。A. concept 概念；B. memory 记忆；C. dream 梦想；D. chance 机会。由“I wanted to be a speaker just like Mr. Ziegler”可知，作者想成为像齐 格勒先生那样的演说家，所以一个梦想诞生了。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我开始追求激励他人的梦想。A. controlling 控制；B. entertaining 娱乐；C. challenging 挑战；D. motivating 激励。由上文可知，作者想成为像齐格 勒先生那样的演说家，所以演说家的目的之一就是要激励他人。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在公司工作多年后，我参加了一个销售会议后，决定离开原来的 工作岗位。A. leave 离开；B. gain 获得；C. pursue 追求；D. question 质问。由下文的“after I quit my job”可知，作者在参加了一个销售会议后，决定离开原来的工作岗位。故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们公司的副总裁做了一次演讲，改变了我的一生。A. prevented 阻止；B. ruined 破坏；C. changed 改变；D. studied 学习。作者离开了原来的岗位，从事了演 讲的工作，是因为公司的副总裁做了一次演讲，改变了作者的一生。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他问我们:“如果天使能实现你的三个愿望，你希望是什么?”。 A. If 如果；B. Although 尽管；C. Unless 除非；D. Before 在……之前。公司的副总裁在问员 工问题，所以本句为 if 引导的条件句。故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他让我们写下三个愿望，然后问我们:“你们为什么需要天 使?”。A. give up 放弃；B. look into 调查；C. carry out 实施；D. write down 写下。由“___9___ an angel could realize your three wishes, what would they be?” 可知，如果天使能实现你的三个 愿望，你希望是什么? 所以副总裁问完这个问题之后，让作者写下这三个愿望。故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记在那一刻它给我的鼓励。A. never 决不；B. seldom 很少；C. always 一直；D. sometimes 有时。作者永远不会忘记在那一刻副总裁问的那句话对 自己的鼓励。故选 A 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我不需要天使的帮助就能成为一个伟大的演说家。A. argued 争论；B. realized 意识到；C. expected 期望；D. imagined 想象。由“I didn’t need an angel’s help to become a great speaker ”可知。作者意识到作者不需要天使的帮助就能成为一 个伟大的演说家。故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：做出这个决定后，我立即受到了考验。A. improved 提高；B. criticized 批判；C. tested 测试；D. accepted 接受。由“My husband was laid off from his job just one week” 可知，作者的丈夫在作者辞职一周后就被解雇了，这是对作者坚持自己梦想 的考验。故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫在我辞职一周后就被解雇了。A. knew 知道；B. quit 辞职； C. offered 提供；D. created 创造。由前文的“I decided to leave my secure position”可知，作者辞 掉了工作。故选 B 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们最近买了新房子,需要收入来支付每月的按揭贷款。A. ideas 观点；B. confidence 自信；C. energy 能量；D. incomes 收入。由“pay the monthly mortgage (按 揭贷款)” 可知，作者需要收入来支付每月的按揭贷款。故选 D 项。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至计划回到我以前的公司，知道他们希望我留下来，但我 确信如果我回去，我就永远不会离开了。A. ideal 理想的；B. former 先前的；C. official 官方 的；D. secure 安全的。作者以及丈夫都失业了，且要偿还贷款，这些让作者萌生了回到先前 的公司工作的想法。故选 B 项。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至计划回到我先前的公司，知道他们希望我留下来，但我 确信如果我回去，我就永远不会离开了。A. optimistic 乐观的；B. certain 确定的；C. sensitive 敏感的；D. generous 慷慨的。由“if I went back, I would never leave ”可知，作者确信如果作者 回去了，就永远不会离开了。故选 B 项。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定我还是向前看，而不是以后嘴里塞满了“但愿如此”。A. touch 接触；B. sit 坐；C. manage 管理；D. move 快速行进。由“rather than end up with a mouth full of “if onlys” later on ”可知，作者要继续向前看。故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我坚定地坚持我的梦想时，奇迹真的开始发生了。A. stuck to 坚持；B. adjusted to 适应于……；C. returned to 返回；D. objected to 反对。由“ the miracles really began to happen.”可知，正因为作者坚定地坚持了自己的梦想，所以奇迹发生了。故选 A 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得到了很多演讲的机会。A. selling 卖;B. operating 操作;C. speaking 说;D. publishing 出版。作者要成为一名演讲家，自然是得到了很多演讲的机会。故 选 C 项。 第Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ. 英语知识运用(共四节，满分 50 分) 第一节 单词拼写(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 41. The man wants to find a c____________(富有挑战性的)job to prove his own abilities.(根据汉 语提示单词拼写) 【答案】challenging 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个人想找一份具有挑战性的工作来证明自己的能力。根据名 词 job 可知此处要用形容词，做定语；且由首字母 c 和“富有挑战性的”可知challenging 符 合题意。故填 challenging。 【点睛】 42. I’d like to thank my friend, who’s been very g_______________(慷慨大方的) with his time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】generous 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我要感谢我的朋友，他非常慷慨地花了时间。根据副词 very 可知此处要用形容词，且由首字母 g 和汉语“慷慨大方的”可知 generous 符合题意。故填 generous。 【点睛】 43. People like to eat in his restaurant because it offers a b_______________ (均衡的)diet. (根据汉 语提示单词拼写) 【答案】balanced 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们喜欢在他的餐厅吃饭，因为它提供均衡的饮食。分析句子 结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词 diet，结合汉语提示和首字母 b 可知，balanced 均衡的，形容词，符合题意。故填 balanced。 44. Nicky’s job as a public relations director i_______________ (涉及)spending quite a lot of time with other people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】involves 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：尼基的工作是公共关系总监，需要花很多时间和其他人在一起。 根据主语是 Nicky’s job ，可知此处要用动词，且时态是一般现在时；由首字母 i 和中文“涉 及”可知，应用 involve 的单三形式。故填 involves。 45. Upon their a_______________(到达), Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed, and respectfully, they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】arrival 【解析】 【详解】考查名词 句意：李跃和张华一到就受到热烈欢迎，他们也恭敬地向老人赠送鲜花 和水果。形容词性物主代词 their 后需接名词，结合汉语提示和首字母 a 可知，arrival 到达， 名词，符合题意。故填 arrival。 46. They e_______________ (装备) the classroom with a television during the holiday. (根据汉语 提示单词拼写) 【答案】equipped 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们在假期里给教室装了一台电视机。空处需用动词作谓语，结 合汉语提示可知，equip 装备，动词，符合题意；由时间状语 during the holiday 可知，空处 谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填 equipped。 【点睛】首先根据语法确定所缺单词在句中的功能，结构及形式，即在句中充当什么成分， 用动宾短语，介宾短语还是名词性短语，是否要用从句，是否要倒装等，选词应尽量贴切， 尤其要注意搭配是否正确。完成后再次通读句子，检查句子。 47. The old man d_______________(捐赠) a lot of money to the school, enabling these students to return to their classroom. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】donated 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：这位老人捐了很多钱给学校，使这些学生能够回到他们 。 的 教室。根据句意和首字母提示，donate“捐献” 符合语境，且根据句意可知，用一般过去时， 故填 donated。 【点睛】 48. He gave me an apple in e_______________(交换) for a piece of cake. (根据汉语提示单词拼 写) 【答案】exchange 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他给我一个苹果以交换我的一块蛋糕。“交换某物”为固定搭配， 可译为 in exchange for…，故填 exchange。 【点睛】根据汉语意思完成句子命题有以下角度考虑： 1. 结合句式结构考查单词拼写能力； 2. 结合谓语语境考查对英语动词短语的拼写和应用能力； 3. 考查有关形容词或借此搭配的能力； 4. 考查介词短语； 5. 结合非谓语动词考查单词的拼写能力。 在做这类型题的时候，要分析句子，明确需要完成的部分在整个句子中作的什么成分，确认 词性，另外要注意判定时态的重要性。 49. The season runs June through August, with additional p_______________(演出) in March and September. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】performances 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这一季从 6 月持续到 8 月，3 月和 9 月还有其它表演。结合汉语 提示和首字母 p 提示可知，performance 表演，名词，符合题意，作 with 的宾语，此处指其 它表演，名词需用复数。故填 performances。 50. As is known to all, education is a process, and people are g_______________(逐渐地)aware of its importance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】gradually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：众所周知，教育是一个过程，人们逐渐意识到它的重要性。结合 汉语提示可知，gradually 逐渐地，副词作状语修饰形容词 aware 。故填 gradually。 第二节 词形转换(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 51. I often feel very ______________(luck) to have a lot of good friends, especially when I have Jim as one of my best friends.(单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lucky 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我经常觉得自己很幸运，有很多好朋友，尤其是有 Jim 这样 的好朋友。根据副词 very 可知此处要用形容词，做 feel 的表语。故填 lucky。 【点睛】 52. ______________(concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so absent from class. (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Concerned 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和省略。句意：因为担心这个学生，老师打电话给他 家长想查明 他缺课的原因。be concerned about 的意思是“担心……”，固定短语。从句的主语和主句的 主语一致，所以从句省略了主语和系动词 be，句首单词首字母需大写。故填 Concerned。 53. All that glitters is not gold, but these ______________(decorate)would add elegance and sparkle to any Christmas tree. (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】decorations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：并非所有发光的都是金子，但这些装饰会给任何一棵圣诞树增添 优雅和闪光。these 后接可数名词复数，decorate 的名词为 decoration，其复数为 decorations“装 饰”。故填decorations。 【点睛】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词 性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。 54. Children, when ______________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】accompanied 【解析】 【分析】 的 【详解】考查省略句和过去分词。句意：孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。分析句子 可知，此处是 when 引导的状语从句，从句的主语和主句的主语 Children 一致，可用代词 they 代替，且由 by their parents 可知此处是被动语态，时态是一般现在时，此时可省略 when 从 句的主语和 be 代词，即 when (they are) accompnied by their parents。故填 accompanied。 【点睛】 55. Very few of those interviewed spoke ______________(positive) about their childhood. (单词的 适当形式填空) 【答案】positively 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：被访者中没有几个会积极的谈论他们的童年。speak 为动词，后 需用副词修饰作状语，又因 positive 为形容词，需在其后+ ly 转为副词形式，故填 positively。 【点睛】做该题型时，要注意分析句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性： 当所给词是动词的时候，可以考虑它的时态，三单形式，动词的 ing 形式，不定式，词性的 变化； 若为名词，可以考虑其单复数，词性的变化，名词所有格； 若为代词的时候，可以考虑其形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词，主格，宾格； 若为形容词的时候，可以考虑其词性的变化，转换为副词； 若为副词的时候，可以考虑其词性变换，转换为形容词； 若为数词的时候，可以考虑其基数词，序数词。 56. A medical team ______________(consist) of five doctors and two nurses set off for the earthquake-stricken area. (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consisting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由五名医生和两名护士组成的医疗队出发前往地震灾区。 本句已有谓语动词 set，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰主语 A medical team，空处 动词 consist 与主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词 consisting 作后置定语。故填 consisting。 57. While I was exploring my ______________(curious), my disease got worse. (单词的适当形式 填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当我探索我的好奇心时，我的病恶化了。根据形容词性物主代词 my 可知此处要用名词，且 curiosity 是不可数名词。故填 curiosity。 【点睛】 58. What’s more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own and how to think ______________(independent). (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】independently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：更重要的是，他们将能够学会如何独立解决问题和独立思考。空 处需用副词作状语修饰动词 think，independent 的副词 independently“独立地”，符合题意。 故填 independently。 59. I know that it is because I don’t spend time in ______________(memory) what I have learnt in class in my spare time. (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】memorizing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我知道这是因为我没有在课余时间花时间去记忆我在课堂 上所学的东西。spend time in doing sth.花时间做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词作介 词 in 的宾语。故填 memorizing。 60. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and protect against ______________(depress). (单词的适当形式填空) 【答案】depression 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：假期有助于我们在工作中表现更好，提高睡眠质量，防止抑郁。 介词 against 后需接名词作宾语，depress 的名词为 depression“抑郁，沮丧”，不可数名词，符 合题意。故填 depression。 【点睛】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词 性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。 第三节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For 99 days, doctor never let up Zhuo Huichang, a doctor who has been in the fight against COVID-19 for 99 days, said, “The experience is unforgettable, and it’s ___61___ honor for me to do my part as a doctor when the country and its people need me.” On Jan 27, he boarded a plane to Wuhan, the epicenter of the coronavirus outbreak in China. “I didn’t hesitate for a moment because I ___62___(think)about it for a long time,” Zhuo said. Although his child objected ____63____ the decision, his wife, who is also a medical professional, gave him strong support. “This is our ____64____(responsible),” she said. During his stay in Wuhan, all the COVID-19 patients they were responsible for recovered, he said ____65____ (proud). One more mission awaited. After Zhuo returned to Fujian and completed his 14-day quarantine(隔离期)，he volunteered on April 5 to serve with a medical team sent to the Philippines. “I had the experience ____66____I could share with colleagues in the Philippines,” Zhuo said,_____67_____(add)that he wanted to make a contribution to the world. In the Philippines, the medical experts spent entire days _____68_____(share)their experiences. “We wanted to communicate _____69_____ we had learned about treatment plans for COVID-19 patients,” he said. “I feel_______70_______(connect)to Wuhan and the Philippines now,” Zhuo said. 【答案】61. an 62. had been thinking/ had thought 63. to 64. responsibility 65. proudly 66. that/which 67. adding 68. sharing 69. what 70. connected 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卓慧昌医生令人难忘的经历，他已经参与抗击新冠肺炎 99 天。 他参与了武汉和菲律宾的医疗队，为抗击新冠状病毒疫情作出了贡献。 【61 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这次经历令人难忘，我很荣幸能够在国家和人民需要我的时候尽自己作为 一名医生的责任。根据名词 honor 可知此处用冠词，且由音标/ˈɒnə(r)/可知要用 an 修饰名词。 故填 an。 【62 题详解】 考查时态。句意：卓说：“我没有犹豫片刻，因为我已经考虑了很久。”根据主句谓语 didn’t hesitate 可知从句 谓语可用过去完成时或者过去完成进行时表示过去发生的动作，且 该动作还有可能继续。故填 had been thinking/ had thought。 【63 题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然他的孩子反对这个决定，但他的妻子，同时也是一名医学专家，给予 了他强有力的支持。固定短语 object to“反对”。故填to。 【64 题详解】 考查名词。句意：“这是我们的责任，”她说。根据our 可知此处要用名词，且 responsibility 是不可数名词。故填 responsibility。 【65 题详解】 考查副词。句意：他自豪地说，在武汉期间，他们负责的新冠肺炎患者全部康复。根据 said 可知此处要用副词修饰动词。故填 proudly。 【66 题详解】 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：卓说：“我可以和菲律宾的同事们分享我的经历。”他还说他 想为世界做点贡献。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是 experience，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作 share with 的宾语，因此要用 that/which。故填 that/which。 【67 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：卓说：“我可以和菲律宾的同事们分享我的经历。”他还说他想为 世界做点贡献。根据 Zhuo said 可知此处要用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语 Zhuo 与 add 之间是主 动关系，因此要用现在分词。故填 adding。 【68 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：在菲律宾，医学专家们花了一整天的时间来分享他们的经验。固定短 语 spend time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”，根据spent entire days 可知此处现在分词。故填 sharing。 【69 题详解】 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：他说：“我们希望交流我们对COVID-19 患者治疗方案的了 的 解。”根据wanted to communicate 可知后接宾语从句，此处缺少宾语从句的引导词；分析宾 语从句成分可知，主语是 we，谓语是 had learned about，缺少宾语，因此要用引导词 what 。 故填 what。 【70 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：卓说：“我现在感觉和武汉和菲律宾连在一起了。”根据feel 可知此处 要用形容词作表语。故填 connected。 第四节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 I like Li Ziqi, which has inspired many people all over the world. Over the years, she had transformed from a village girl into food and lifestyle expert. She has become worldwide famous by making videos introduced the beauty of traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, Li’s success was not easily achieved. Her father’s death left her living with her grandparents in a poor village after she went to work in the city on the age of 14. In 2012, Li returned to home and opened an online shop to sell locally products. In 2016, she began to display Chinese culture by filming how his products were created. 【答案】1. which→who 2. had→has 3. into 后加 a 4. introduced→introducing 5. Therefore→However 6. after→before 7. on→at 8. 删除 to 9. locally→local 10. his→her 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文，简要讲述了一个让全世界很多人都受到启发的人--李子柒的故事。她通过 拍摄视频介绍了中国传统文化。 【详解】1. 考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：我喜欢李子柒，她激励了全世界很多 人。由分析句子得出，逗号之后的句子是对李子柒做补充说明，因而属于非限制性定语从句。 先行词 Li Ziqi 在从句中做主语，所以，关系代词要用 who。故将 which 改为 who。 2. 考查现在完成时。句意：这些年来，她已经从一个乡村女孩，转变成了食物和生活方式 专家。当时间状语是 over the+时间段时，主句的时态要用完成时。结合前一个句子，得出本 篇文章用的是现在时，所以本句要用现在完成时。故将 had 改为 has。 3. 考查冠词。句意同上。当可数名词以单数形式出现时，需要加上冠词。结合本句，从一 个乡村女孩变成了一个专家，所以要加上冠词。food 首字母的发音为辅音音素。故在 into 后加上 a 。 4. 考查现在分词。句意：她因制作介绍中国传统文化之美的录像而闻名于世。本句属于简 单句，其中： She has become worldwide famous 为主句，其后 by making videos introducing the beauty of traditional Chinese culture 做方式状语，因为介绍中国传统文化的美， videos 和 introduce 在逻辑上是主动关系 ，所以要用现在分词形式。故将 introduced 改为 introducing 。 5. 考查副词。句意；然而，她的成功并不容易。根据前后句子的逻辑关系，可以得出用转 折副词。故将 Therefore 改为 However 。 6. 考查时间状语从句。句意：在她 14 岁时去城里工作之前，她父亲的去世让她和祖父母一 起生活在一个贫穷的村庄。根据句意可知，父亲的去世发生在她去城市工作之前。故将 after 改为 before。 7. 考查介词。句意同上。此处为固定搭配：at the age of 在……岁时。故将 on 改为 at。 8. 考查介词。句意：2012 年，李回到家乡，开了一家网店，销售当地产品。home 为地点副 词，其前面不用介词。故 将 to 删掉。 9. 考查形容词。句意同上。句中 products 为名词，修饰名词要用形容词。故将 locally 改为 local。 10. 考查人称代词。句意：2016 年，她开始通过拍摄她的产品是如何创作的，来展示中国文 化。全文讲述的都是李的成功故事，所以后面的代词应该和主语一致。故将 his 改为 her。 【点睛】短文改错的完成，主要考查句子结构的分析和词语及短语固定搭配。因而，熟练运 用固定搭配和句子结构的分析，对于完成该题型起着事半功倍的作用。例如：本题中 at the age of 就属于固定搭配。再者像 home 作为副词的用法，前面不用介词是常考的知识点；名 词前要用形容词修饰，都是基本的词汇知识，所以，平时学习中要多积累。