2020-2021学年高二英语上学期课时同步练习4-3 Using Language

2020-2021学年高二英语上学期课时同步练习4-3 Using Language

Unit 4 Making the news 第 3 节 Using Language 一、填空题 1. _______ _______ (如果时间允许), we’ll visit the Notre Dame even though it is being repaired due to the fire months ago. 2. If you can _______ _______ _______ (想出) just one new idea from this original technique, it will be worth your time. 3. After many competitions with various teams representing different countries, the members of the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team didn’t seem to get a bit _______ _______ (累垮, 耗尽体力). 4. While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already _______ _______ _______ (努力推进) research in order to produce a cloned human baby. 5. Parents often complain that their kids like to be _______ _______ _______ (与……冲突) them while they are in harmony with their pals. 【答案】 1. (1). Time (2). permitting/allowing 2. (1). come (2). up (3). with 3. (1). burned/burnt/worn/tired (2). out 4. (1). pushing (2). ahead (3). with 5. (1). in (2). conflict (3). with 【1 题详解】 考查独立主格。逗号后面是主句，主句和_______ _______ (如果时间允许)之间无连词，因此，_______ _______ (如果时间允许)做状语，是独立主格结构。time 和 allow/permit 之间是主动关系，因此第二个空应用现在分 词。故填 Time permitting/allowing。 【2 题详解】 考查固定短语。come up with 意为“提出”，是固定短语。can 是情态动词，后面接动词原形，故填 come up with。 【3 题详解】 考查短语。表示“累垮某人”，应用 burn/wear/tire sb. out。主语 the members 和 burn/wear/tire 之间是被动关系， get done 表被动，故该处应用过去分词。 故应填 burned/burnt/worn/tired out。 【4 题详解】 考查固定短语。表示“努力推进……”，用固定短语 push up with。主语 some scientists 和 push up with 之间是主动关系，且根据空前的 are 可知，该句用的是现在进行时态。故该处应用现 在分词。故填 pushing up with。 【5 题详解】 考查固定短语。表示“和……冲突”，应用 in conflict with，是固定短语，故填 in conflict with。 二、翻译题 1. 去年以来，这种商品的价格保持不变。(remain) _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 她在论文中不仅提到了这个现象，并且做出了深入分析。(refer, in addition) _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 尽管父亲告诉她拳击是男性运动，她还是在 11 岁时开始拳击训练。(despite) _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 地铁的建造是为了满足周边居民的需求，到达那些原本无法抵达的地方。(response) _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 如果你不确定是否当众示爱是禁忌，你可以请教当地人，以免不知不觉地侮辱和冒犯到他们。(unsure) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案解析】 1. The price of this commodity has remained unchanged since last year 2. Not only did she refer to this phenomenon in her paper, but she made in-depth analysis in addition 3. She started training boxing at the age of 11, despite the fact that her father told her that boxing was a male sport. 4. The subway was built to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach those places where they couldn’t reach before. 5. If you are unsure of whether showing affection in public is a taboo, you can ask local people to help you avoid insulting and offending them unconsciously. 【1 题详解】 考查 remain 相关用法和现在完成时。分析句子可知，since +过去一个时间点，句子为现在完成时，主语为 The price of this commodity，系动词为 has remained 后接表语 unchanged。再根据其它汉语提示。翻译为： The price of this commodity has remained unchanged since last year。 【2 题详解】 考查refer,和in addition相关用法和部分倒装以及一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句为Not only.but also 引导 的部分倒装句，Not only.but also 之间的句子为部分倒装句，且句子为一般过去时。 refer to“提及”为固定短 语。in addition“另外”在句中作状语，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Not only did she refer to this phenomenon in her paper, but she made in-depth analysis in addition。 【3 题详解】 考查 despite 相关用法和一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，despite 为介词后接名词 fact 作宾 语，fact 后接 that 引导的同位语从句。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：She started training boxing at the age of 11, despite the fact that her father told her that boxing was a male sport。 【4 题详解】 考查 response 相关用法和一般现在时以及定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为 The subway，谓语为 was built, 动词不定式 to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach those places 作目的状语。再分析，places 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。关系副词为 where。 再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：The subway was built to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach those places where they couldn’t reach before。 【5 题详解】 考查 unsure 相关用法和 if 引导的条件状语从句。分析句子可知，本句为 if 引导的条件状语从句，主句将来 时，从句用一般现在时。条件状语从句的主语为 you，be unsure of “不确定..”为固定短语。of 为介词后接 whether 引导的宾语从句，avoid 后接 doing 作宾语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：If you are unsure of whether showing affection in public is a taboo, you can ask local people to help you avoid insulting and offending them unconsciously。 三、改错题（其中有一句是没有错误的） Dear Sir / Madam, I would like to work a volunteer for the Winter 1. __________ Asian Games. I am the boy of 17 and I am now 2. __________ at high school. I am good to English and I 3. __________ can speak with foreign tourists in English good. I believe 4. __________ I can do a good job for the Games. First, I like sporting 5. __________ and I know this area very well. Second, I can not get 6. __________ along well with others, that is especially useful for 7. __________ a volunteer. Third, I’m ready to giving help whenever 8. __________ needed. My promise is to offer the best service possible to 9. __________ the people at the Games. I look forward your reply. 10. __________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【答案】 1. work 后加 as 或 work→be 2. the→a 3. to→at / in 4. good→well 5. sporting→sports / sport 6. 去掉 not 7. that→which 8. giving→give 9. √ 10. forward 后加 to 四、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Tropical Paradise Holiday Welcome to St. Anna, our tropical paradise just off the coast of Latin America. You can spend two weeks in our luxury four-star hotel. The cost of your flight is included in the holiday, and you can be picked up from your home by our special airport bus. On your arriving, our coach will be waiting to take you to the hotel. All flights leave from Heathrow on a Monday morning. The Cowrie Hotel is built right on the beachfront, and many rooms have wonderful ocean views. If swimming and surfing are not enough for you, the hotel also offers horse rides on the island, and a discount membership of the golf club. The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday Every year Broughton holidays offer twelve days of unforgettable adventure in a tropical rain forest. You may have a choice of Borneo, Malaysia, Indonesia, or even to the greatest rain forest of them all, the mighty Amazonian forest. You will fly to our special base camps at the edge of the forest, where you will be given five days of survival training, and talks on the local wildlife. Then you take a bus into the forest. You will have to walk the final five miles to the camp sites to avoid disturbing the local ecology. All of the camp sites have been carefully built to cause the minimal amount of disturbance to the local wildlife. Remember that these adventure holidays take you deep into the wilderness and they are not suitable for families with young children. Also remember that no more than two dozen guests can stay at any camp at one time, so if you want to go on one of these very special holidays, you will need to book early! 1. Choosing the Tropical Paradise Holiday, travelers can enjoy ________. A. a welcome party B. beautiful ocean views C. different indoor activities D. free membership of the golf club 2. What kind of people will probably choose the rain forest holiday? A. People loving water sports. B. People travelling with children. C. People preferring comfortable hotels. D. People concerned with environment and wildlife. 3. Which of the following is mentioned in both holidays? A. Price. B. Transportation. C. Reservation. D. Departure time. 【答案解析】 1. B 2. D 3. B 【分析】 本文是应用文。你想去海边享受美景吗？你想去热带雨林探险吗？那就来瞧瞧这两则关于旅行的广告吧 ——热带天堂假日游和热带雨林冒险。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 Welcome to St. Anna, our tropical paradise just off the coast of Latin America. 可知，其坐落在 Latin America 的海边上，再由第二段第一句 The Cowrie Hotel is built right on the beachfront, and many rooms have wonderful ocean views 可知，热带天堂假日可以观赏到美丽的海景。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据题干关键词 the rain forest holiday 找到文章对应部分 The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday 中 的第三段的 You will have to walk the final five miles to the camp sites to avoid disturbing the local ecology. All of the camp sites have been carefully built to cause the minimal amount of disturbance to the local wildlife 可知， 应该是关注环境和野生动物的人们去野营。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 The Tropical Paradise Holiday 部分和 The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday 都提到的是 flight，这两段都提到交通方式。故选 B。 B Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper. Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University. Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn’t lose weight dropped even further. The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says. 4. There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _____. A. believe overweight only affects our body B. have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind C. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability D. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions 5. The result of Gunstad’s study shows that ______. A. losing weight has little effect on people’s memory B. losing weight can improve people’s mental functions C. overweight people are likely to have psychology problems D. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly 6. What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research? A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people. B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight. C. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation. D. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Body Weight and Health B. Losing Weight by Operation C. Ways to Improve Mental Functions D. Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance.可知人们在此之前很少研究 肥胖和认知功能之间存在关系的原因是人们没有认为肥胖是导致认知功能下降的基本原因，答案选 C。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章首段 Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions,可知减肥可以改 善大脑功能，故选 B。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末段 Now that he’s seen the positive effect …… he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active.可以判断他在接下来要研 究那些通过锻炼和健康饮食减肥的人们，看是否健康减肥也存在这种对大脑的积极影响，选 D。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章首段提出中心 Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper.，然后在下文中对这项研究进行详细介绍，故 D 选项内容可以概括文章中心，答案选 D。 五、七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Plan your answers beforehand The holiday season is a favorite for many. There are always parties with family, friends, s or work colleagues. ___1___ But at the same time, it can also make you feel unhappy, especially because there is always the chance that you will be asked to answer awkward questions during these gatherings. I think you had better have a general idea of who you might meet or the questions some people may ask you. You may prepare answers to some awkward questions. ___2___ Think of ways you might be comfortable answering questions, and have some basic answers in your head. My family and I recently attended a holiday event. ___3___However, because I knew several people who would most likely be attending the event, I was able to take some time to think about how I wanted to answer the questions they could ask me. This doesn’t mean that I spent the days before the party memorizing answers and recited the answers to the questions like a robot. ___4___ ___5__So I found it most effective to prepare by having several stories and answers, or even questions for your companion, in order to make sure the conversation runs smoothly. A. Ask some questions of whoever you are speaking with. B. Communicating with others around you can be fun. C. And you may even practice a bit beforehand if necessary. D. You have no way of knowing exactly what questions you may be asked. E. Some awkward questions might be asked at the holiday parties. F. I was asked a few awkward questions about my work situation. G. Rather, I simply decided what I was comfortable telling them. 【答案解析】 1. B 2. C 3. F 4. G 5. D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。为了确保对话顺利进行，最好准备几个故事和答案，甚至为你的同伴准备一 些。也就是为被问的问题事先计划好答案。 【1 题详解】 下文提示“但同时，它也会让你感到不开心”。文中 but 表示一种转折，说明上句应该和这句的意思是相反 的。承接下句，B 项 Communicating with others around you can be fun.“和周围的人交流很有趣。”切题。故 选 B。 【2 题详解】 上文提示“你可以准备一些尴尬问题的答案。”再根据下文提示“考虑你可能会舒服地回答问题的方法，并 在你的头脑中有一些基本的答案。”承接上下文，C 项 And you may even practice a bit beforehand if necessary. （如果有必要，你甚至可以提前练习一下。）切题。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 下文提示“然而，因为我认识几个最有可能参加这次活动的人，所以我花了一些时间来考虑如何回答他们 可能问我的问题。”该句中的 However 说明该句与上句构成转折关系。承接下文，F 项 I was asked a few awkward questions about my work situation.（有人问了我几个关于我工作情况的尴尬问题。）切题。故选 F。 【4 题详解】 上文提示“这并不意味着我在聚会前的几天就像机器人一样背答案。”承接上文，G 项 Rather, I simply decided what I was comfortable telling them.（相反，我只是决定告诉他们我觉得舒服的事情。）切题。故选 G。 【5 题详解】 下文提示“我发现，为了确保对话顺利进行，最好准备几个故事和答案，甚至为你的同伴准备一些。”承接 下文，D 项 You have no way of knowing exactly what questions you may be asked.（你无法确切地知道你可能 会被问到什么问题。）切题。故选 D。 六、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I was 18 years old, fit, strong and ambitious. One day, I fell down for no ____1____reason. I saw many different specialists and was finally diagnosed with limb girdle muscular dystrophy (MD). It was a very difficult time. I had no idea what life was going to____2____at me and I was scared. By my late 30s it was____3____and I had transitioned (转变) from a walking stick to a wheelchair. I wanted to be master of my own____4____, so I had to recognize my____5____and play to my weaknesses. What I wanted to make____6____was a trip to the north pole. People with MD feel the cold. So why did I want to go to one of the most extreme, cold and ____7____places on Earth? I’d read about Chris Cope, who wanted to go to the north pole to raise money for MD, and it had____8____my adventurous spirit: I wanted to raise awareness about the_____9_____, but I also wanted to find out what I was capable of. I’m very____10____. In the two years it had taken to organize the expedition, my muscles had worsened but we ____11____regardless. The unpleasant life coaching and cold training helped me to____12____how my body would behave in extreme cold, which made me aware of what to____13____. I had an amazing team around me, ____14____ the four different flights we took to get to the inner Arctic ice shelf were nevertheless discouraging. While we were on the ice the runway____15____ and we had to wait for it to refreeze. ____16____we reached the north pole, I was bitterly cold, exhausted and a complete____17____. I was on the ice for the best part of three long days, then____18____ the final 350m. The expedition raised £50,000 for____19____. MD is slowly destroying my life but I have chosen to fill it with____20____and I live life to the full. 1. A. apparent B. adequate C. sound D. major 2. A. yell B. throw C. target D. direct 3. A. modest B. initial C. advanced D. minor 4. A. disease B. business C. fortune D. fate 5. A. privileges B. strengths C. achievements D. commitments 6. A. differ B. work C. happen D. count 7. A. autonomous B. mysterious C. fantastic D. inaccessible 8. A. referred to B. belonged to C. applied to D. appealed to 9. A. significance B. conservation C. condition D. ambition 10. A. competitive B. delicate C. ridiculous D. trustworthy 11. A. pulled out B. took off C. pressed on D. hung about 12. A. clarify B. illustrate C. stress D. assess 13. A. value B. expect C. require D. forgive 14. A. though B. but C. so D. as 15. A. floated B. split C. disappeared D. twisted 16. A. Because B. Unless C. Once D. Before 17. A. pride B. failure C. mess D. envy 18. A. ran B. climbed C. walked D. rolled 19. A. treatment B. ecology C. charity D. training 20. A. responsibilities B. imaginations C. recreations D. experiences 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者身患肌肉萎缩症晚期，但是仍然想自己掌握自己的命运，于是决定 开始一趟北极之旅。受到 Chris Cope 去北极为肌肉萎缩症募集资金的启发，作者也想要引起人们对这种疾 病的关注。最终作者这场探险为慈善事业筹集到了 50000 英镑的善款，肌肉萎缩症在缓慢地侵蚀着作者的 生命，但是作者选择用经历去填充它并且充实地享受生活。 【1 题详解】 考查形容词。A. apparent 显然的；B. adequate 充足的；C. sound 合理的；D. major 主要的。句意：我摔倒得 没有任何明显的（apparent）原因。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 考查动词。A. yell 吼叫；B. throw 扔；抛；C. target 对准；D. direct 指导。句意：我不知道生活将会向我抛 （throw）来什么问题。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 考查形容词。A. modest 谦虚的；B. initial 最初的；C. advanced 晚期的；D. minor 次要的。句意：我的病情 到晚期（advanced）了。结合“我”从用拐杖变成了轮椅，可知病情恶化了，故 advanced 符合句意。故选 C。 【4 题详解】 考查名词。A. disease 疾病；B. business 生意；C. fortune 财富；D. fate 命运。“我”想要做“我”自己命运（fate） 的主宰。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 考查名词。A. privileges 特权；B. strengths 力量；长处；C. achievements 成就；D. commitments 承诺。所以“我” 必须认识自己的长处（strength），并为自己的弱点而努力。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 考查动词。A. differ 不同于；B. work 工作；C. happen 实现；发生；D. count 计数。“我”想实现（happen）的 事情是去北极旅行。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 考查形容词。A. autonomous 自主的；B. mysterious 神秘的；C. fantastic 极好的；D. inaccessible 难以接近的。 “我”为什么要去地球上最极端、最冷、最难以到达（inaccessible）的地方之一呢。故选 D。 【8 题详解】 考查动词。A. referred to 被提及；B. belonged to 属于；C. applied to 应用于；D. appealed to 吸引。“我”读到 有关 Chris Cope 的事，他想去北极为肌肉萎缩症筹集资金，这吸引了（appeal to）“我”的冒险精神。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 考查名词。A. significance 意义；重要性；B. conservation 保存；C. condition 条件；D. ambition 野心。“我” 想要引起人们对这个情况（condition）的关注。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 考查形容词。A. competitive 好胜的；B. delicate 精美的；C. ridiculous 可笑的；D. trustworthy 可靠的。“我” 也想知道“我”有能力做什么，“我”求胜心切（competitive）。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 考查动词。A. pulled out 拉出；B. took off 起飞；C. pressed on 继续；D. hung about 徘徊。“我”的肌肉情况 恶化了，但是“我们”不管怎样都继续下去（press on）了。故选 C。 【12 题详解】 考查动词。A. clarify 澄清；B. illustrate 说明；C. stress 压力；D. assess 评定。令人不愉快的生活指导和寒冷 训练帮助“我”去评估（assess）“我”的身体在极寒的天气里表现如何。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 考查动词。A. value 重视；B. expect 期待；C. require 要求；D. forgive 原谅。令人不愉快的生活指导和寒冷 训练帮助“我”去评估自己的身体在极寒的天气里表现如何，这也让“我”意识到自己该预期（expect）什么。 故选 B。 【14 题详解】 考查连词。A. though 虽然；B. but 但是；C. so 因为；D. as 作为。“我”有一个了不起的团队，但（but）“我 们”的航行是令人沮丧的。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 考查动词。A. floated 漂浮；B. split 裂开；C. disappeared 消失；D. twisted 扭曲。当“我们”在冰上时候跑道裂 开（split）了，“我们”就不得不等待它重新结冰。故选 B。 【16 题详解】 考查连词。A. Because 因为；B. Unless 除非；C. Once 一旦；D. Before 在……之前。一旦（once）当“我们” 到达北极。故选 C。 【17 题详解】 考查名词。A. pride 骄傲；B. failure 失败；C. mess 混乱；D. envy 嫉妒。一旦当“我们”到达北极，“我”就感 到刺骨的寒冷、精疲力尽和一团糟（mess）。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 考查动词。A. ran 跑；B. climbed 爬；C. walked 走；D. rolled 滚动。“我”在这三天里大部分时间在冰上，走 （walk）了最后的 350 米。故选 C。 【19 题详解】 考查名词。A. treatment 治疗；B. ecology 生态学；C. charity 慈善；D. training 训练。这场探险为慈善事 业（charity）筹集到了 50000 英镑的善款。故选 C。 【20 题详解】 考查名词。A. responsibilities 责任；B. imaginations 想象力；C. recreations 娱乐；D. experiences 经历。肌肉 萎缩症在缓慢地侵蚀着“我”的生命，但是“我”选择用经历（experience）去填充它并且充实地享受生活。故 选 D。 七、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever anyone asks me where my favorite place in China is, I say Dali without hesitation. Dali, ___1___(surround) by mountains for hiking and lakes for bicycling around , is the kind of place that everyone likes. Last year I met a couple of young students I’d known___2___ I travelled to Dali, and we agreed ____3____(cycle) along the lake in a small town outside of Dali. The lake ___4___ (it) was pretty easy to cycle around , ___5___ flat paths passing through a lot of little villages. While cycling, a woman recommended an hour-long boat ride for about 40 RMB each--a bit expensive but ___6___ adventure we felt like having, so we paid for it. In about 20 minutes we witnessed in ___7___(excite) how a fisherman fished with his fishing birds. A string was tied around each bird’s neck so that when it dived for fish, it was unable to swallow them. The birds ___8___ (give) a fish as payment for their service after the fisherman had a satisfactory catch. I’d ___9___ (previous) read about this fishing method, but it was pretty exciting to see first-hand. The day finished with a brilliant sunset, ___10___ I climbed onto a roof to get a photo of. 【答案解析】 1. surrounded 2. before 3. to cycle 4. itself 5. with 6. an 7. excitement 8. were given 9. previously 10. which 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者自己和几个朋友欣赏一起骑行欣赏大理美景的经历。 【1 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，is 是句子谓语，故 surround 应是非谓语，又因为 Dali 和 surround 是 动宾关系，故填 surrounded。 【2 题详解】 考查时间状语从句的连词。句意：去年，我遇到了几个年轻的学生，他们是我去大理之前认识的。在结合 下文可知这些学生是“我”在去大理之前就认识了，故填 before。 【3 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们同意骑车沿着大理城外一个小镇的湖边走。结合句义可知，agree to do 同意做 某事，故填 to cycle。 【4 题详解】 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处做 the lake 的同位语，故填 itself。 【5 题详解】 考查 with 的独立主格结构。句意：我们同意骑车沿着大理城外一个小镇的湖边走。分析句子结构可知， ___5___ flat paths passing 符合 with+n.+doing 结构，再结合语义，故填 with。 【6 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在骑车的时候，一位女士推荐了一小时的船游，每人 40 元左右——虽然有点贵，但我们 很喜欢冒险，所以我们付了钱。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再结合句意可知，adventure 在此处表示 泛指，又是元音开头，故填 an。 【7 题详解】 考查词型变化。分析句子结构可知，in 后填名词，故填 excitement。 【8 题详解】 考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，又因为 the birds 是 give 的受动者，故填 were given。 【9 题详解】 考查词型变化。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰 read，做状语，故填 previously。 【10 题详解】 考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，a brilliant sunset 是先行词，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中做 of 的宾语，故填 which。 八、书面表达 假定你是李华，最近你发现有学生将共享单车停到了校园内并且上了私锁。请你就此现象，用英文写 一份倡议书，呼吁同学们文明使用共享单车。 内容提示： 1. 共享单车带给人们的便利； 2. 如何正确使用共享单车。 注意： 词数 80 左右；开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 共享单车 shared bikes My dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 【答案解析】 My dear fellow students, Recently I’ve noticed that some students have parked shared bikes in our campus and even put their own locks on them. Shared bikes bring people great convenience and offer us a low-carbon way to go out. Therefore, they should be left in public for next users instead of being kept for personal uses. It’s morally wrong to take possession of them for selfish interest. I advocate that we use shared bikes properly so that everyone can benefit from this service. Li Hua 英语倡议书的写法 倡议书属于应用文的一种，由标题、称呼、正文、结尾、落款五部分组成。一般用将来时或一般现在 时。题目常会给出标题、称呼、结尾、落款这四部分，考生只需完成正文即可。这类写作的正文包括倡议 的原因和目的、内容以及呼吁。英语倡议书的写法： 1. 引出倡议原因和目的：提倡开展某项有意义的活动，推行某种行之有效的作法。 2. 列举倡议内容和要求：倡议其实就是提建议，倡议书中所倡导的活动具有其广泛性和推广性。 3. 结束语。要表示倡议者的决心和希望 写倡议书时，尽量使用具有感召力的语言，如名人名句、警句，以及对偶、排比等，提高语言的表达 效果。 亮点说明：本文一开始用一个长句引出倡导的原因和目的：Recently I’ve noticed shared bikes, such as Mobike and Ofo, parked in our campus, and even own locks are put on them.以这样的开头，达到开篇点题的作 用。 接着用一个由 as 引导的原因状语句进一步说明共享单车的原因。Shared bikes bring people great convenience as they provide an effective solution to the “last mile” problem. 在列举倡议的内容和要求时用一个连词 Hence 引出一个单句：shared bikes should be left in public for next users.再用一个主语从句说明这种做法的错误性；It is morally wrong that we take possession of one for our own selfish interest. 其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。 最后总结时表达了自己的决心和希望。I advocate raising our awareness of using shared bikes reasonably so that everyone can benefit from this service.本句中使用了一个由 so that 引导的状语从句。 总之本倡议书内容完整，比较有感召力。单句和复句的交替使用，主动和被动的交替使用，更让文章 丰富多彩。