【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题从高考考试说明解读阅读理解学案（页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题从高考考试说明解读阅读理解学案（页word版）

‎【一】‎ Bookable study rooms The Library provides a variety of bookable group study rooms，some with presentation areas，for groups of between 6 and 12 students to use for team work.‎ Group study rooms There are 10 Group Study Rooms on Level 30f Northampton Square Library.‎ ‎·Rooms 3A，3F，3G，3H，3J and 3K are equipped with presentation area to help prepare group presentations.‎ ‎·Rooms 3B，3C，3D and 3E are intended for group discussion and seminar work.These rooms are equipped with whiteboards.Whiteboard pens can be borrowed from the service desk on Level 2.Please do not use any other writing tools on the whiteboards.‎ Maximum booking period of 2 hours at one time.‎ Presentation areas provide：‎ ‎·LED screen to practice presentation with group colleagues ‎·Network access on PC with wide range of software USB port to plug in(插入)your own device or laptop Assistive(为残疾人设计的)Technology Rooms Assistive technology rooms are available for students by using ‎ ID cards to get access permission and can be booked for a maximum of 4 hours per person per day.‎ Rooms are equipped with the following software：Dragon，JAWS，Zoom Text，Kurzweil，Supernova，Text Help and Inspiration.A scanner is provided for use with the assistive software packages.For further information click Guide to Library Services for Additional Needs.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了图书馆提供的可预订的学习间。‎ ‎1．If you and your five team members need to book a room to present a project，which room should you go to?‎ A．Room 3B. B．Room 3C.‎ C．Room 3E. D．Room 3G.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据Group study rooms部分中的“Rooms 3A，3F，3G，3H，3J and 3K are equipped with presentation area to help prepare group presentations.”可知，3G房间适合团队展示会，故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What do we know about Group Study Rooms?‎ A．They are on Level 2.‎ B．They are equipped with whiteboards.‎ C．They have no Internet access.‎ D．They provide USB disks.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Group study rooms部分中的“These rooms are equipped with whiteboards.”可知，这些房间配有白板，故B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎3．Which of the following is specially provided for students with disability?‎ A．2 hours per person per day.‎ B．Whiteboard pens.‎ C．LED screen.‎ D．A scanner with assistive software packages.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Assistive Technology Rooms部分中的“A scanner is provided for use with the assistive software packages.”可知，扫描仪辅助软件是为残疾人设计的独特之处，故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎4．We may read this article on a________．‎ A．website B．magazine C．booklet D．story book 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For further information click Guide to Library Services for Additional Needs.”可知，这篇文章出自一个网站，故A项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎【二】记叙 I first came across the concept of pay-what-you-can cafes last summer in Boone，N.C.，where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means) Café.You can volunteer to earn your meal，pay the suggested price($10) or less，or you can overpay—paying it forward for a future customer's meal.My only regret after eating there was not having a chance to give my time.So as soon as Healthy World Café opened in New York in April，I signed up for a volunteer shift(轮班)．‎ F．A.R.M and Healthy World are part of a growing trend of community cafés.In 2003，Denise Cerreta opened the first in Salt Lake City.Cerreta now runs the One World Everybody Eats Foundation，helping others copy her pay-what-you can model.‎ ‎“I think the community café is truly a hand up，not a handout，”Cerreta said.She acknowledged that soup kitchens(施粥所) have a place in society，but people typically don't feel good about going there.‎ ‎“One of the values of the community café is that we have another approach，”she said.“Everyone eats here，no one needs to know whether you volunteered，overpaid or underpaid.”‎ The successful cafés not only address hunger and food insecurity but also become necessary parts of their neighborhood—whether it's ‎ a place to learn skills or hear live music.Some teach cooking to seniors; some offer free used books.Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.‎ My 10 am—1 pm shift at World-Healthy-Café began with the café manager—one of the two paid staff members.Our volunteer crew wasn't the most orderly，but we managed to prepare and serve meals with a lot of laughs in between.At the end of my shift，I ordered my earned meal at the counter，together with other volunteers.After lunch，I walked out the door，with a handful of new friends，music in my head and a satisfied belly and heart.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了一种特别的餐厅pay-what-you-can cafes。我通过志愿体验，学到了很多，得到了很多。‎ ‎1．What did the author do at F．A.R.M Café last summer?‎ A．She enjoyed a meal.‎ B．She ate free of charge.‎ C．She overpaid for the food.‎ D．She worked as a volunteer.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I first came across the concept of pay-what-you-can cafes last summer in Boone，N.C.，where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means) Café.”可知去年夏天，我第一次在pay -what-you-can餐厅吃饭。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎2．What is the advantage of community cafés compared with soup kitchens?‎ A．People can have free food.‎ B．People can maintain their dignity.‎ C．People can stay as long as they like.‎ D．People can find their places in society.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第三段“...people typically don't feel good about going there.”以及第四段“Everyone eats here，no one needs to know whether you volunteered，overpaid or underpaid.”可知soup kitchens让人感觉不好，而在community cafés吃饭，没人想知道你是否是志愿者、多付还是少付。说明这种方法的优点是保护了他们的尊严。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．Why are community cafés becoming popular in the neighborhoods?‎ A．They bring people true friendships.‎ B．They help to bring people together.‎ C．They create a lot of job opportunities.‎ D．They support local economic development.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句内容“Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.”‎ 可知community cafés受欢迎的原因是帮助把人们团结在一起。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎4．How did the author feel about working at Healthy World Café？‎ A．It paid well. B．It changed her.‎ C．It was beneficial. D．It was easy for her.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“After lunch，I walked out the door，with a handful of new friends，music in my head and a satisfied belly and heart.”可推断，作者通过在Healthy World Café工作收获满满。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎【三】记叙 If you could have one superpower，what would it be?‎ Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds，see ‎ through walls，or have superhuman strength may sound silly，but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.‎ Every day in our work，we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.‎ They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess：the power to make a difference in the lives of others.‎ We're not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.Your lives are busy enough doing homework，playing sports，making friends，seeking after your dreams.But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.Find an issue you are interested in and learn more.Volunteer or，if you can，contribute a little money to a cause.Whatever you do，don't be a bystander.Get involved.You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you're older.But why not start now?‎ Our own experience working together on health，development，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作者一直被身边致力于改善世界的人激励着，他也不断超越自己，努力帮助别人。‎ ‎1．The answer to the question in Paragraph 1 may reflect________．‎ A．your life style.‎ B．your life value.‎ C．your trouble in life.‎ D．your life experience.‎ 解析：推理判断题。第一段提出问题“If you could have one superpower，what would it be？”(如果你有超能力，它会是什么？)，第二段说“but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.”，可知这个问题可以反映你的人生价值。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．Why does the author say they are inspired every day?‎ A．They possess different kinds of superpowers.‎ B．They have got the power to change the world.‎ C．Some people around them are making the world better.‎ D．There are many powerful people in their life and work.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Every day in our work，we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.”可知，作者是被周围让世界变得更美好的人们激励着，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What should we do according to the passage?‎ A．Learn more and contribute more to a cause.‎ B．Rise above ourselves and act to help others.‎ C．Work hard to get a bigger opportunity.‎ D．Try our best to help the poor.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的句子“But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.”可知，作者认为我们应该超越自己，帮助别人。故选B。‎ 答案：B[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎4．Which is true according to the last paragraph?‎ A．The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.‎ B．Much more progress will be made in the near future.‎ C．The work on health is the most valuable experience.‎ D．People's efforts have been materially rewarded.[来源:学,科,网]‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.”可知，作者相信最贫苦人民的生活水平会提高的。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎【四】说明 The sky is a large place，and though it has been carefully examined for centuries，new features still turn up.Last March it was the rule of Uranus(天王星)，and last week astronomers announced what may turn out to be a new planet，though a very small one，in the solar system.‎ The object was first sighted last month by Charles Kowal，an astronomer at the Hale Observatories in Pasadena，Calif.Mr.Kowal observed a faint trail of light on photographic plates，indicating that something was moving in relation to the background of stars.Other observers have confirmed the discovery.‎ The“mini-planet”，identified for the time being as“Object-Kowal”，appears to be about 1.5 billion miles away，between the orbit of Saturn and Uranus，and its diameter(直径)has been estimated at between 100 and 400 miles.Its orbit has not been determined yet，but if the orbit proves to be roughly circular，light that of the major planets，the new object would probably take 66 to 70 years to make a circuit of the sun.‎ Some astronomers have speculated that Mr.Kowal's discovery may be the first indication of an asteroid(小行星)belt beyond Saturn.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章讲述的是小行星的发现过程和具体运行情况。‎ ‎5．What may have been found in the solar system according to the first paragraph?‎ A．A small new planet. B．A new solar system.‎ C．A large new object. D．A large new planet.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“last week astronomers announced what may turn out to be a new planet，though a very small one，in the solar system”．可知在太阳系中又发现了一颗小行星，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎6．What can we learn from the second paragraph?‎ A．What the object is like.‎ B．How the object was found.[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]‎ C．Where the astronomers live.‎ D．Why the object was moving.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The object was first sighted last month by Charles Kowal”和“Mr.Kowal observed a faint trail of light on photographic plates，indicating that something was moving in relation to the background of stars.”可知本段主要介绍小行星是怎样被发现的，故选B。[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ 答案：B ‎7．What magazine might this passage be taken from?‎ A．Astronomy. B．Industry.‎ C．Spaceflight. D．Agriculture.‎ 解析：推理判断题。文章讲述的是小行星的发现过程和具体情况，属于天文学范畴，应该是出自天文学杂志，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎【五】说明 When it's five o'clock，people leave their office.The length of the workday，for many workers，is defined by time.They leave when the clock tells them they're done.‎ These days，the time is everywhere：not just on clocks or watches，but on cell-phones and computers.That may be a bad thing，particularly at work.New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale(士气)and creativity.‎ Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours.For example：a meeting from 9 am to 10 am，research from 10 a．m.to noon，etc.On the other hand，task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish.They work down the list；each task starts when the previous task is completed.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.‎ What，then，are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier，they had participants organize different activities—from project planning，holiday shopping，to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs “task time”．They found clock-timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives.Task-timers are happier and more creative，but less productive.They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening，and seize opportunities that come up.‎ The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture.Smart companies，they believe，will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.[来源:学§科§网]‎ This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office，but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy：work organized by clock time.While most people will still probably need，and be，to some extent，clock-timers，task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity.It'll make those tasks easier，and the task-doers will be happier.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文告诉我们什么是基于时间的时间表以及基于任务的时间表，并通过研究发现描述它们的优缺点。‎ ‎1．What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?‎ A．It makes everybody time-conscious.‎ B．It is a convenience for work and life.‎ C．It may have a negative effect on creative work.‎ D．It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale(士气)and creativity.”可知time displayed everywhere对有创意的工作有不好的影响。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?‎ A．They seize opportunities as they come up.‎ B．They always get their work done in time.‎ C．They have more control over their lives.‎ D．They tend to be more productive.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They found clock-timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives.Task-timers are happier and more creative，but less productive.”可知Task-timers没有什么创造力，这正是clock-timers所具有的，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3．What do the researchers say about today's business culture?‎ A．It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.‎ B．It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.‎ C．It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives.‎ D．It aims to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture.”可知调查专家认为完成任务的组织方式会更趋向于undervalued and under-supported的情况，所以答案选B。[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ 答案：B ‎4．What do the researchers suggest?‎ A．Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.‎ B．It is important to keep a balance between work and life.‎ C．Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.‎ D．A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“While most people will still probably need，and be，to some extent，clock-timers，task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity.”可知研究者建议当做需要更多创造力的工作时，应该使用基于任务的时间分配方案。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎【六】说明 If you look outside，you probably will see some kind of insect.If your first instinct is to kill it，take a moment to think about all of the benefits insects provide to the environment.‎ Entomologists，scientists who study insects，estimate that there are more than 800，000 species of insects found throughout the world.Only a few hundred of these insects are considered harmful.Mosquitoes，for example，are considered harmful.They bite humans and other animals，and their bites can cause skin pain and spread disease.Desert locusts also are considered harmful because they destroy crops causing billions of dollars in damage each year.‎ However，the number of helpful insect species far outweighs the number of harmful species.Some insects make up a vital part of the food chain.Many different birds，reptiles，fish and even plants eat insects.There are also about 500 insects that people in various parts of the world eat.These insects are considered delicious food and prized for their high protein，mineral，and vitamin content.Other insects produce valuable commercial products such as silk，wax，and honey.‎ Of all the insects，perhaps the most important are those that travel from flower to flower and pollinate(授粉) the plants they ‎ visit.Agriculture around the world would be very different without the bees，butterflies，moths，flies and wasps that pollinate many crops.In fact，nearly one-third of the food you eat depends on plants that are pollinated by insects!‎ While it is true that some species of insects harm or annoy us，you_should_not_automatically_reach_for_the_bug_spray when you come across an insect.You may be destroying one of the hundreds of thousands of insects that provides many benefits to human beings.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了昆虫对于环境有一定的益处，而且益虫要远远多于害虫。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，the most important type of insects are________．‎ A．insects that are eaten by birds，reptiles and fish B．insects that travel around and pollinate plants C．insects that harm mosquitoes and stop the spread of disease D．insects that are eaten by people in many countries 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“Of all the insects，perhaps the most important are those that travel from flower to flower and pollinate(授粉) the plants they visit.”可知，最重要的昆虫种类是那些飞来给植物授粉的昆虫。所以选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．According to the passage，insects are eaten in some parts of ‎ the world because________．‎ A．they are nutritious[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ B．they are available to cook C．they are easy to breed D．they are free[来源:学科网]‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“These insects are considered delicious food and prized for their high protein，mineral，and vitamin content.”可知，人们吃昆虫是因为昆虫含有丰富的营养，所以选A。‎ 答案：A ‎3．According to the author，the sentence in the last paragraph “you should not automatically reach for the bug spray.”means________．‎ A．you should not keep insects as pets B．you should not breed insects for their benefit C．you should not catch insects for pleasure D．you should not kill insects without thinking 解析：细节理解题。 根据这句话的后一句“You may be destroying one of the hundreds of thousands of insects that provides many benefits to human beings.”可知，不应该不经过思考就杀害昆虫，有很多昆虫对人类是有益的。所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．The main purpose of this passage is________．‎ A．to explain why it is cruel to kill bugs B．to convince people that insects are nutritious C．to describe the beneficial contributions of insects D．to make people aware of endangered insect species 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲了昆虫带给人类的贡献，所以选C。‎ 答案：C ‎【七】记叙 The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter，so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota，Florida，my bags were packed before you could say“sunshine.”I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C (维生素C)，thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air，I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools，wine tasting，and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours，not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend，but the best part—particularly to my taste，dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables—was a 7 a．m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth ‎ the early wake-up call.‎ The market，which was founded in 1979，sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a．m.to 1 p．m.，rain or shine，along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries；the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck；and most of all，the tomatoes：amazing，large，soft and round red tomatoes.‎ Disappointed by many a broken，vine-ripened (蔓上成熟的) promise，I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store，once I get them home they're unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.But I homed in，with uncertainty，on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand，full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal—and at that moment，I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.‎ Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight，my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty，a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton，where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu，I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章讲述了作者生活在冬天寒冷的纽约，当有一个到佛罗里达州萨拉索塔一周的机会，作者体验到不同的冬天。‎ ‎5．What did the author think of her winter life in New York?‎ A．Exciting.　　　 B．Boring.‎ C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter...”可以推测出作者在纽约冬天的生活是令人厌烦的。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎6．What made the author's getting up early worthwhile?‎ A．Having a swim.‎ B．Breathing in fresh air.‎ C．Walking in the morning sun.‎ D．Visiting a local farmers' market.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“...dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables—was a 7 a．m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.”可知作者早上7点到农产品市场是有意义的。可知选D。‎ 答案：D ‎7．What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?‎ A．They are soft.‎ B．They look nice.‎ C．They taste great.‎ D．They are juicy.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“No matter how attractive they look in the store，once I get them home they're unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.”可知，纽约的西红柿在商店里看起来是很吸引人的。可知选B。‎ 答案：B ‎8．What was the author going to do that evening?‎ A．Go to a farm.‎ B．Check into a hotel.‎ C．Eat in a restaurant.‎ D．Buy fresh vegetables.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其倒数第一、二句可知，作者晚上计划在餐馆吃饭，并且点西红柿。故选C。‎ ‎【八】说明 Fun games and activities play an important role in making picnics enjoyable.Here are some examples.‎ Picnic Games for all Age Groups：Running and jumping races，playing balloons are some of the very popular picnic games for children.Grown-ups in the picnic mood often enjoy taking part in ‎ children's games too.While organizing picnic games that suit all age groups，think of all those going to the picnic and think of their preferences.Picnic games for grown-ups can include playing frisbee (飞盘)，ball games and other sports activities.Prepare playing cards and board games for those who may not be able to take part in active games.‎ Family picnic games：family picnics are for all the family members to get together and share some priceless moments with each other.When on a family picnics，spend quality time with your family members，chat with them and talk about what you have not spoken about due to your busy lives.Playing together helps you refresh yourself and your relationship with your near_ones．‎ Company Picnic Games：Company picnics are team-building events，organized with the purpose of nurturing(培养)team spirit in the company and developing in them a sense of belongings towards the organization.You can organize outdoor sports，team games and enjoyable activities for the team members.Make sure that the company picnic turns out to be a refreshing break from work for the team.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　有趣的游戏和活动会使得野餐很有意思，这里作者列举了几个例子。‎ ‎1．The main purpose of the text is to introduce games for________．‎ A．teams　　　　　　 B．races C．picnics D．children 解析：主旨大意题。根据文中第一段“Fun games and activities play an important role in making picnics enjoyable.”可知，本文主要介绍野餐。所以选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What kind of games do children probably like best?‎ A．playing cards. B．throwing frisbee.‎ C．team sports. D．running races.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“Running and jumping races，playing balloons are some of the very popular picnic games for children.”可知，孩子可能最喜欢赛跑，所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3．The underlined words “near ones” in Paragraph 3 most probably refer to________．‎ A．schoolmates B．family members ‎ C．people working for you D．people sitting next to you 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“When on a family picnics，spend quality time with your family members，chat with them and talk about what you have not spoken about due to your busy lives.Playing ‎ together helps you refresh yourself and your relationship with your near ones.”可知，这里指的是和家庭成员的关系。所以选B。‎ 答案：B[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]‎ ‎4．Why do companies organize games?‎ A．To select the strongest teams.‎ B．To make the organizers more famous.‎ C．To build a link between work and play.‎ D．To help their employees build team spirits.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“Company picnics are team-building events，organized with the purpose of nurturing(培养)team spirit in the company and developing in them a sense of belongings towards the organization.”可知，公司组织游戏是为了帮助员工培养团队意识。所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎【九】说明 There are many ways to find a job.It can be as easy as walking into a neighborhood store to look at its announcement board.Local stores often have areas where people can put small signs telling what kind of service they need or can provide.Such services include caring ‎ for children or cleaning houses.‎ Or，job searchers can look in the newspaper.Local newspapers have employment announcements placed by companies seeking workers.‎ Another popular tool for finding jobs is the Internet.For example，people in four hundred and fifty cities around the world can use the Craigslist Web site to buy objects，meet people or find a job.Craigslist says that it receives two million new job listings each month.‎ Another useful way to find a job is through a college or university.For example，students at the University of Texas in Austin can go to the Career Exploration Center to get help in finding a job.Of course，looking for a job requires knowing what kind of work you want to do.For example，there is a book called“What Color is Your Parachute (降落伞)？”by Richard Bolles.This book has been helping people choose a career (职业) since it was first published in nineteen seventy.‎ Some experts also help people find jobs.Susan W．Miller owns a company called California Career Services in Los Angeles.She says her company helps people find jobs by first helping them understand their strengths，goals and interests.Then she provides them with methods and resources to help them find the right job.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章介绍了寻找工作的多种方法。‎ ‎5．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．Craigslist Web site.‎ B．College students' part-time jobs.‎ C．Finding a job.‎ D．The relation between study and work.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。文章是关于找工作的多种方法，每一段都提出了一种方法。故C正确。‎ 答案：C[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]‎ ‎6．By logging on the Craigslist Web site，you can________．‎ A．sell your old things B．create your own announcement board C．do some shopping online D．get useful information about 450 cities 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“people in four hundred and fifty cities around the world can use the Craiglist Web site to buy objects，meet people or find a job.”可知在这个网站可以买东西。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎7．How many ways of finding a job are mentioned in the passage?‎ A．Three. B．Five.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ C．Four. D．Six.‎ 解析：细节理解题。文章共五段，每一段都提出了一种找工作的方法，第一段是到商家直接寻找。第二段通过报纸；第三段通过网络；第四段通过大学；第五段通过专家及专门的公司的帮助。‎ 答案：B ‎【十】记叙 Michael Phelps Gets Last Chance at Olympics Michael Phelps has become the first American male swimmer to qualify for five Olympics.He won the 200-meter butterfly race at the U．S.Olympic trails on Wednesday.‎ Phelps has won 18 gold medals，more than anybody in Olympic history.He won eight gold medals in a single Olympics in 2008 in Beijing，China.But his golden image was tarnished after the 2012 London Olympics.Arrested two times for drunk driving，he stepped away from swimming.After entering a rehabilitation program，he then returned to the pool to train for the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games.‎ The Games' opening ceremony is August 5.‎ Phelps first appeared in the Olympic Games in Sydney，Australia，in 2000.He was 15 years old.Now 31，Phelps still holds three world records.He says he is happy to represent his country at the Olympic Games one more time.‎ ‎“Being able to make my fifth Olympics is something that means ‎ a lot to me，”Phelps said.“...I think 20 years from now，I'll be able to look and be happy with that decision to come back.”‎ Another goal for Phelps is setting one more personal best time during the next month.‎ ‎“It's been a long time since I've got a best time，”he said.“I'd like to have maybe one before I retire.I hope we can get at least one in the next four weeks.”‎ When the Rio Olympic Games begin in August，Phelps will be joined on the U．S.swim team by Allison Schmitt.Schmitt is another athlete who won gold medals in London in 2012.‎ The U．S.team will also feature Missy Franklin.She is a four-time gold medalist at the 2012 Olympics.She will race in the 200-meter freestyle event in Rio.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这是一篇新闻报道。介绍迈克尔·菲尔普斯得到最后一次参加奥运会的机会，成为第一位参加五届奥运会的美国男子游泳运动员。‎ ‎1．Which is WRONG about Michael Phelps?‎ A．He was arrested twice for drunk driving.‎ B．He won eight gold medals in 2008 in Beijing，China.‎ C．Phelps first appeared in the Olympic Games at the age of 15.‎ D．He is the first American swimmer to have attended five Olympics.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Michael Phelps has become the first American male swimmer to qualify for five Olympics.”可知，菲尔普斯是第一个参加五届奥运会的美国男游泳运动员。D项没有说明是male swimmer。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．The underlined word“tarnished”in the Paragraph 2 probably means________．‎ A．damaged B．improved C．changed D．unchanged 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第二段的句子“But his golden image was tarnished after the 2012 London Olympics.”(他的辉煌的形象被……)，接下来的句子“Arrested two times for drunk driving，he stepped away from swimming.”可知因为酒驾被逮捕，这样的事情会破坏他的形象。所以“tarnished” 可能意思是“破坏”。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎3．The goal for Phelps to make his fifth Olympics is________．[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]‎ A．to support Missy Franklin[来源:学科网]‎ B．to get away with drunk driving C．to set one more personal best time D．to keep company with Allison Schmitt 解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段的句子“Another goal for ‎ Phelps is setting one more personal best time during the next month.”可知，菲尔普斯参加第五届奥运会的目的是创造又一个个人最好的时期。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎4．This passage may be________．‎ A．a biography of Phelps B．a piece of news C．an advertisement D．a guidebook to the Olympics 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容和标题内容，可知文章介绍迈克尔·菲尔普斯得到最后一个参加奥运会的机会，并回顾他的运动生涯。所以是一则新闻。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2【一】‎ Though Ayn Rand died more than twenty-five years ago，many Americans still argue about her.People also continue to talk about her ideas and her interesting life.‎ As a young child，Alisa loved books.She began to write her own stories，when she was only seven.She took classes in politics，history，law and writing.In 1926，she traveled to the United States and ‎ decided she would never leave.She also decided to change her name to“Ayn Rand”．Newly named，Rand moved to Hollywood，California to work in the movie business.Throughout the 1930s，she published two books，but did not earn much critical or popular recognition.‎ Then，in 1943，Rand's famous book The Fountainhead was published.It took her seven years to write the novel.Twelve publishers rejected the book.However，a man named Archibald Ogden loved the story and convinced the Bobbs-Merrill company to publish it.The Fountainhead became a huge SUCCESS around the world.It has sold more than six million copies.It continues to sell about one hundred thousand copies each year.‎ The Fountainhead tells the story of a young building designer named Howard Roark.Roark wants to build interesting，modern-looking buildings.However，most people only want to see traditional designs.Roark loves designing and building more than anything in the world.But he refuses to compromise and make buildings he hates.Several people work against Roark and his goals.But in the end，Roark succeeds.‎ The Fountainhead is an unusual novel for many reasons.It is more than 700 pages long，far longer than most books people read for entertainment.More importantly，it also includes discussions of philosophy，which are not usually found in popular books.Most critics did not like The Fountainhead.But readers loved it.In 1949，it was made into a popular movie.‎ She lived quietly in New York City until she died in 1982.She is ‎ still one of the most loved，and hated American thinkers and writers.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍Ayn Rand，尽管她25年前去世，但是许多美国人仍然在为她争论。同时人们也继续谈论她的想法和她的有趣的生活。‎ ‎1．When did Alisa decide to change her name to Ayn Rand?‎ A．When she began to write her own stories.‎ B．When she decided to settle in the US.‎ C．When she took classes in politics and writing.‎ D．When she moved to Hollywood，California.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1926，she traveled to the United States and decided she would never leave.She also decided to change her name to‘Ayn Rand’．”可知当她决定定居在美国的时候，她决定改名字。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．Which of the following is true of Rand's famous book The Fountainhead?‎ A．It cost the author eight years to complete.[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]‎ B．It was loved by all the twelve publishers.‎ C．It was finally published by Archibald Ogden.‎ D．It was a great success around the world.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Fountainhead became a ‎ huge SUCCESS around the world.”可知D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎3．What can we learn about Howard Roark?‎ A．He wants to build interesting，traditional buildings.‎ B．He loves designing and building anything in the world.‎ C．He has to give in and make buildings he hates.‎ D．He achieves his goals and eventually gains success.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Several people work against Roark and his goals.But in the end，Roark succeeds”可知他实现了自己的目标，最后获得成功。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．The Fountainhead is an unusual novel mainly because________．‎ A．it is far longer than most books for entertainment B．it was well-received by most critics and readers C．it also includes discussions of philosophy D．it was made into a popular TV play in 1949 ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“More importantly，it also includes discussions of philosophy，which are not usually found in popular books”可知主要是因为它还包括哲学的讨论。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎【二】记叙 Though Ayn Rand died more than twenty-five years ago，many Americans still argue about her.People also continue to talk about her ideas and her interesting life.‎ As a young child，Alisa loved books.She began to write her own stories，when she was only seven.She took classes in politics，history，law and writing.In 1926，she traveled to the United States and decided she would never leave.She also decided to change her name to“Ayn Rand”．Newly named，Rand moved to Hollywood，California to work in the movie business.Throughout the 1930s，she published two books，but did not earn much critical or popular recognition.‎ Then，in 1943，Rand's famous book The Fountainhead was published.It took her seven years to write the novel.Twelve publishers rejected the book.However，a man named Archibald Ogden loved the story and convinced the Bobbs-Merrill company to publish it.The Fountainhead became a huge SUCCESS around the world.It has sold more than six million copies.It continues to sell about one hundred thousand copies each year.‎ The Fountainhead tells the story of a young building designer named Howard Roark.Roark wants to build interesting，modern-looking buildings.However，most people only want to see ‎ traditional designs.Roark loves designing and building more than anything in the world.But he refuses to compromise and make buildings he hates.Several people work against Roark and his goals.But in the end，Roark succeeds.‎ The Fountainhead is an unusual novel for many reasons.It is more than 700 pages long，far longer than most books people read for entertainment.More importantly，it also includes discussions of philosophy，which are not usually found in popular books.Most critics did not like The Fountainhead.But readers loved it.In 1949，it was made into a popular movie.‎ She lived quietly in New York City until she died in 1982.She is still one of the most loved，and hated American thinkers and writers.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍Ayn Rand，尽管她25年前去世，但是许多美国人仍然在为她争论。同时人们也继续谈论她的想法和她的有趣的生活。‎ ‎1．When did Alisa decide to change her name to Ayn Rand?‎ A．When she began to write her own stories.‎ B．When she decided to settle in the US.‎ C．When she took classes in politics and writing.‎ D．When she moved to Hollywood，California.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1926，she traveled to the United States and decided she would never leave.She also decided to change her name to‘Ayn Rand’．”可知当她决定定居在美国的时候，‎ 她决定改名字。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．Which of the following is true of Rand's famous book The Fountainhead?‎ A．It cost the author eight years to complete.[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]‎ B．It was loved by all the twelve publishers.‎ C．It was finally published by Archibald Ogden.‎ D．It was a great success around the world.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Fountainhead became a huge SUCCESS around the world.”可知D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎3．What can we learn about Howard Roark?‎ A．He wants to build interesting，traditional buildings.‎ B．He loves designing and building anything in the world.‎ C．He has to give in and make buildings he hates.‎ D．He achieves his goals and eventually gains success.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Several people work against Roark and his goals.But in the end，Roark succeeds”可知他实现了自己的目标，最后获得成功。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．The Fountainhead is an unusual novel mainly because________．‎ A．it is far longer than most books for entertainment B．it was well-received by most critics and readers C．it also includes discussions of philosophy D．it was made into a popular TV play in 1949 ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“More importantly，it also includes discussions of philosophy，which are not usually found in popular books”可知主要是因为它还包括哲学的讨论。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎【三】说明 Are you looking for something to do? You might like to try one of these four experiences.‎ Crocodile watching Do you fancy getting up close to some of the most terrifying animals on earth? Crocosaurus Cove，in Darwin (Australia) has the“Cage of Death”．It's an enclosure that's lowered into a pool.This gives you a 360 degree view of a crocodile as it's being fed.The cable broke once and the cage sank to the bottom，but they've fixed it sinc e then.‎ Edge walk How about walking along the edge of a building several hundred meters up in the air? If that sounds like fun，head off to the CN Tower in Toronto (Ontario，Canada)．Built in 1976，the tower is 553.33 meters tall.‎ The Edge walk consists of a 20-30 minute stroll along a 1.5 meter wide platform that runs around the tower's restaurant roof.During the walk，you're encouraged to lean forwards as you look over Toronto's skyline (轮廓线)．‎ Plastic ball rolling Do you fancy rolling down a hill in a plastic ball?‎ Plastic ball rolling is popular all over the world，but the place to give it a go is in Rotorua (New Zealand)．Brother David and Andrew Akers came up with the idea in 1994.A typical orb (球) is about 3 meters in diameter，with an inner orb size of about 2 meters.There's no brake or steering mechanism，but the inner layer of the plastic ball helps absorb the shock.‎ Volcano bungee jumping If you're looking for the adventure of a lifetime，how about going bungee jumping off a helicopter into the crater of a live volcano? As part of the jumping，a helicopter ride takes you to the Villarreal volcano，one of the most active in Chile.Once you're at the drop zone，you leap off the helicopter and fall into the volcano.Finally ‎，you enjoy the ride back to the airport flying at 130kph.‎ Attracted by the above? If so，please contact us.Only half price from March 22 to April 25th.For more information，please click here.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了四种令人兴奋的体验。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，there was an accident once when people________．‎ A．jumped into the Villarreal volcano B．walked along the platform of the CN Tower C．rolled down a hill in a plastic ball in Rotorua D．watched crocodiles in the“Cage of Death”in Darwin 解析：细节理解题。在Crocodile watching中“Crocosaurus Cove，in Darwin (Australia) has the‘Cage of Death’．It's an enclosure that's lowered into a pool.This gives you a 360 degree view of a crocodile as it's being fed.The cable broke once and the cage sank to the bottom，but they've fixed it since then.”可知事故发生时人们正在the“Cage of Death”in Darwin观看鳄鱼，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Which of the following was first invented in New Zealand?‎ A．Edge walk.‎ B．Crocodile watching.‎ C．Plastic ball rolling.‎ D．Volcano bungee jumping.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Plastic ball rolling中“Plastic ball rolling is popular all over the world，but the place to give it a go is in Rotorua(New Zealand)．”可知Plastic ball rolling是新西兰首先发明的。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．It can be inferred that all the four experiences are________．‎ A．interesting sports B．exciting and extreme C．held on high places D．fit for middle to old people 解析：推理判断题。根据四种活动的描述，可知选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【四】说明 They wear the latest fashions with the most up-to-date ‎ accessories(配饰)．Yet these are not girls in their teens or twenties but women in their sixties and seventies.A generation which would once only wear old-fashioned clothes is now favouring the same high street looks worn by those half their age.‎ Professor Julia Twigg，a social policy expert，said，“Women over 75 are now shopping for clothes more frequently than they did when they were young in the 1960s.In the 1960s buying a coat for a woman was a serious matter.It was an expensive item that they would purchase only every three or four years — now you can pick one up at the supermarket whenever you wish to.Fashion is a lot cheaper and people get tired of things more quickly.”‎ Professor Twigg analysed family expenditure(支出) data and found that while the percentage of spending on clothes and shoes by women had stayed around the same — at 5 or 6 percent of spending — the amount of clothes bought had risen sharply.‎ The professor said，“Clothes are now 70 percent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East.In the 1960s Leeds was the heart of the British fashion industry and that was where most of the clothes came from，but now almost all of our clothes are sourced elsewhere.Everyone is buying more clothes but in general we are not spending more money on them.”‎ Fashion designer Angela Barnard，who runs her own fashion business in London，said older women were much more affected by the celebrity(名流) style than in previous years.‎ She said，“When people see stars such as Judi Dench and Helen Mirren looking attractive and fashionable in their sixties，they want to follow them.Older women are much more aware of celebrities.There's also the boom in TV programmes showing people how they can change their look，and many of my older customers do yoga to stay in shape well in their fifties.When I started my business a few years ago，my older customers tended to be very rich，but now they are what I would call ordinary women.My own mother is 61 and she wears the latest fashions in a way she would never have done ten years ago.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章讲述女性生活的新变化：随着社会的发展，在追逐时尚的人群中，活跃着六七十岁的女性。‎ ‎1．Professor Twigg found that，compared with the 1960s，________．‎ A．the spending on clothes has increased by 5% or 6%‎ B．the price of clothes has generally fallen by 70%‎ C．people spend 30% less than they did on clothes D．the amount of clothes bought has risen by 5% or 6%‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“The professor said，‘Clothes are now 70 percent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East...’”可知现在的服装比60年代便宜了70%，故B正确。‎ 答案：B ‎2．What can we learn about old women in terms of fashion?‎ A．They are often ignored by fashion designers.‎ B．They are now more easily influenced by stars.‎ C．They are regarded as pioneers in the latest fashion.‎ D．They are more interested in clothes because of their old age.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Fashion designer Angela Barnard，who runs her own fashion business in London，said older women were much more affected by celebrity(名流) style than in previous years.”可知在时尚方面，年老的女性更容易受到明星名流的影响。故B正确。‎ 答案：B ‎3．It can be concluded that old women tend to wear the latest fashions today mainly because________．‎ A．clothes are much cheaper than before B．TV shows teach them how to change their look ‎ C．they are in much better shape now D．they get tired of things more quickly 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“Clothes are now 70 percent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East...Everyone is buying more clothes but in general we are not spending more money on them.”‎ 可知现在的老年女性穿时尚的服装是因为现在的衣服很便宜，她们完全有能力买得起。故A正确。‎ 答案：A ‎4．Which is the best possible title of the passage?‎ A．Unexpected changes in fashion B．The more fashionable，the less expensive C．Age is no barrier for fashion fans D．Boom of the british fashion industry 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章中心句第一句“They wear the latest fashions with the most up-to-date accessories(配饰)．Yet these are not girls in their teens or twenties but women in their sixties and seventies.”可知现在的老年人在时尚方面一点都不输给年轻人，年龄已经不再是时尚的障碍了。故C项符合文章中心思想。‎ 答案：C ‎【五】说明 The Diet Zone：A Dangerous Place Diet Coke，diet Pepsi，diet pills，no-fat diet，vegetable diet...We are surrounded by the word“diet”everywhere we look and listen.We ‎ have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.‎ Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.On one level，we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight，but in controlling the consumption of fatty，high-calorie，unhealthy foods.Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead.All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.[来源:学§科§网]‎ On another level，diet products have greater psychological effects.Every time we have a zero-calorie drink，we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results.Diet products make people believe that_gain_comes_without_pain，and that life can be without resistance and struggle.‎ The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us，but also in the physical harm that they cause.Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients.Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products.Diet products may not be nutritional，and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.‎ Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on ‎ us，it is time to seriously think about buying them.Losing weight lies in the power of minds，not in the power of chemicals.Once we realize this，we will be much better able to resist diet products，and therefore prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了节食产品对人们的影响，主要包括节食产品对人们心理的伤害，节食产品对人们身体的伤害。‎ ‎5．From Paragraph 1，we learn that________．‎ A．diet products fail to bring out people's potential B．people have difficulty in choosing diet products C．diet products are misleading people D．people are fed up with diet products 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可看出，人们很容易受到节食产品的吸引，就不去思考节食产品对人们身心健康的影响，于是花钱买那些产品。这些产品误导了人们。所以选C。‎ 答案：C ‎6．One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to________．‎ A．try out a variety of diet foods B．hesitate before they enjoy diet foods C．pay attention to their own eating habits D．watch their weight rather than their diet 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可看出，人们非常重视他们的体重，不加任何思考地去购买节食产品，只看是否有节食标签。这说明他们急于去尝试那些产品。所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎7．In Paragraph 3，“gain comes without pain”probably means________．[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]‎ A．losing weight is effortless B．it costs a lot to lose weight[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ C．diet products bring no pain D．diet products are free from calories 解析：细节理解题。 根据从第三段可看出，每次我们喝下标明不含热量的饮料，就给我们一个暗示，我们不会增加体重，减肥是很容易的事(we don't have to work to get results.)。另外，本段的最后半句(and that life can be without resistance and struggle.)也说明了画线部分的意义。所以选A。‎ 答案：A ‎8．Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products________．‎ A．are over-consumed B．lack basic nutrients C．are short of chemicals D．provide too much energy ‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第四段第二句可看出，吃所谓的健康食品，就是阻止人体吸收基本的营养成分。另外，从本段最后一句也可以看出，节食产品没有营养(Diet products may not be nutritional，and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.)，所以选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【六】说明 Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO(United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.‎ Despite the celebrations，though，in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ It's Jason Moran's job to help change that．As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible，and preserve its history ‎ and culture.‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，”Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.It's actually color，and it's actually digital.”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move，because the way the world works is not the same，”says Moran.‎ Last year，Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party，“just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，”says Moran.“For me，it's the recontextualization.In music，where does the emotion(情感)lie？Are we，as humans，gaining any insight(感悟)on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts？Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，”says Moran，“so I want to continue those dialogues.Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际爵士乐日的设立以及爵士乐现在面临的问题，探讨了爵士乐的未来。‎ ‎1．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?‎ A．To remember the birth of jazz.‎ B．To protect cultural diversity.‎ C．To encourage people to study music.‎ D．To recognize the value of jazz.[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.”可知，设立国际爵士乐日是为了提高人们对爵士乐的认识，故选D项“认可爵士乐的价值”。A、B、C三项无中生有，文章没有提及A项“纪念爵士乐的诞生”、B项“保护文化的多样性”和C项“鼓励人们学习音乐”。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Jazz becoming more accessible.‎ B．The production of jazz growing faster.‎ C．Jazz being less popular with the young.‎ D．The jazz audience becoming larger.‎ 解析：代词指代题。第二段提到在美国爵士乐的听众数量正在减少，爵士乐未能受到年轻一代的欢迎，第三段首句提到Jason Moran的工作就是要帮助改变这一现象，由此可知that指代“爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎”这一现象，故选C项。A项曲解文意，根据第三段中的“Moran hopes to...make the music more accessible”可知，Jason ‎ Moran希望爵士乐能更容易被人们了解，显然A项“爵士乐正变得更容易被人们了解”不符合文意。B项无中生有，文章没有提到“爵士乐的制作变快了”。D项颠倒是非，根据第二段中的“in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink”可知，在美国爵士乐的听众数量正在减少，D项与文意恰恰相反。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?‎ A．It will disappear gradually.‎ B．It remains black and white.‎ C．It should keep up with the times.‎ D．It changes every 50 years.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Jason Moran的话可知，他认为世界的运作方式跟以前不一样了，爵士乐也应该继续发展，故选C项。A项无中生有，文章没有提到“爵士乐会逐渐消失”。B项颠倒是非，根据第四段中的“...jazz is not black and white anymore.”可知，爵士乐不再是黑白的。D项无中生有，文章没有提到“爵士乐每50年改变一次”。‎ 答案：C ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Exploring the Future of Jazz B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz C．The Story of a Jazz Musician D．Celebrating the Jazz Day 解析：标题归纳题。文章介绍了国际爵士乐日的设立，讨论了爵士乐现在面临的问题，即未受到年轻一代的关注，且其娱乐方面的属性已经丢失，故A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作为标题最合适。B项曲解文意，文章不是介绍“爵士乐的兴衰”。C项无中生有，文章没有讲述“一个爵士乐音乐家的故事”。D项以偏概全，第一段提到了国际爵士乐日的设立，但文章不是主要介绍“庆祝爵士乐日”的。‎ 答案：A ‎【七】说明 Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant，and five years from now，students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online.I applaud Mr.Gates.But what's taking us so long?‎ As early as 1997，MIT (麻省理工)decided to post videos of all university lectures online，for free，for all people.But today，how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video？Unfortunately，the answer is not many.‎ The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students.Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people，but it's not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft.Only the most ardent students，those who are highly motivated，will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.‎ The real question is why we aren't spending more to develop better online education platforms.Where is the Avatar of education？Think about this.The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around 30 billion USD.Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market，hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies.Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars.‎ Bill Gates' prediction is going to happen.There is no doubt about it.But it will only happen when we create high level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　短文主要介绍了比尔·盖茨预言网上学习将会变得越来越重要。‎ ‎1．What has Bill Gates forecast about online learning?‎ A．It will concentrate on physics lectures.‎ B．It will completely replace real universities.‎ C．It will help to make universities more successful.‎ D．It will play an increasingly important role in education.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段句子“Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant”可知，比尔·盖茨预言网上学习将使大学上课变得没那么重要，即在教育上网上学习将扮演着越来越重要的角色，故答案为D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What does the underlined word “ardent”in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A．Creative.　　　　　 B．Enthusiastic.‎ C．Well-behaved. D．Experienced.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。根据单词后面“those who are highly motivated”(那些非常有动力的人)，可知意为那些非常有热情的人，故答案为B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．According to the author，what is holding back the popularity of online learning?‎ A．The lack of lectures available online.‎ B．The high cost of access to the websites.‎ C．The low standard of educational websites.‎ D．The competition with online computer games.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段句子“The problem is the poor ‎ quality of online education websites”可知，阻碍网上学习的问题就是低质量的教育网站，故答案为C。‎ 答案：C ‎4．Why does the author mention Hollywood?‎ A．To show that Hollywood produces many successful movies.‎ B．To prove that education is more profitable than entertainment.‎ C．To argue that movie directors should produce educational content.‎ D．To urge that more money be spent developing educational websites.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“The real question is why we aren't spending more to develop better online education platforms”，以及后面提到Hollywood投入大量的资金来发展，作者觉得应在网上教育平台上投入更多的资金，故答案为D。‎ 答案：D ‎【八】说明 Are you looking for a museum off the beaten path？Try these places.‎ Bata Shoe Museum The Bata Shoe Museum opened in 1995 on the premise(前提) that“footwear is a source of delight and reflection of human history”．The space was designed by Raymond Moriyama.Permanent collection includes 12000 pairs of shoes and artifacts.Notable shoes are those belonging to Marilyn Monroe，Princess Diana，Elton John and Madonna.‎ Campbell House Campbell House was built in 1822 by Sir William Campbell—chief justice of Upper Canada from 1825-1829.Campbell lived in the house for 12 years before he died.The house was occupied by various other families and used for various other uses (vinegar factory，glassworks)．In 1972 in order to preserve the building，the Advocate's Society moved from its location on Adelaide St to its current home at Queensland University.The building was restored to be as historically accurate as possible.‎ Gibson House Museum The Gibson House Museum is an example of Georgian architecture.It was built in the mid 19th century as a farm house for David Gibson—a member of the Legislative Assembly.After being used as a boarding house for many years，the building interior was restored.The museum has a hands-on“discovery gallery”with interactive(互动的) games and exhibits.On weekends workshops are offered on cooking，desserts，breads and preserves.‎ Black Creek Pioneer Village Black Creek is a recreation of a Victorian Farm with buildings moved and reconstructed from around Ontario.The result is a 1860s Ontario village.Exhibits demonstrate how domestic tasks were completed before modern technology.Activities include spinning，baking，and a history lesson.‎ Historical interpreters dress in the clothing of the period and answer visitors' questions.Favorite destinations in the village include the farm，doctor's house，and the mill.At the historic brewery，beer is brewed using all natural ingredients.The restaurant serves meals using locally sourced ingredients.On site are also areas for concerts and gift shop.Black Creek is operated by the Toronto and Region Conservation (TRCA)．‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文属于广告类阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了一些值得我们参观学习的地方。‎ ‎5．Who designed Bata shoe Museum?‎ A．Princess Diana B．Elton John C．Raymond Moriyama D．Marilyn Monroe 解析：细节理解题。根据Bata Shoe Museum中“The space was designed by Raymond Moriyama.”可知是雷蒙·森山设计了巴塔鞋博物馆，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎6．Campbell House once served as a________．‎ A．university B．glue works C．farm house D．vinegar factory 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The house was occupied by various other families and used for various other uses (vinegar factory，glassworks)．”可知坎贝尔家曾当过酿醋厂、玻璃厂，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎7．If you are into interacting with others in games，you will probably go to________．‎ A．Bata Shoe Museum B．Gibson House Museum C．Campbell House D．Black Creek Pioneer Village 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“The museum has a hands-on‘discovery gallery’with interactive(互动的) games and exhibits.On weekends workshops are offered on cooking，desserts，breads and preserves.”可知在吉布逊博物馆你可以与其他人一起互动，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎8．We can learn from the passage that________．‎ A．Campbell House was occupied by Campbell for a score of years.‎ B．Bata Shoe Museum includes 1200 pairs of notable shoes and artifacts.‎ C．Gibson House Museum was constructed approximately in the 1820s.‎ D．Visitors can know about historic farming culture when visiting Black Creek.[来源:学,科,网]‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Exhibits demonstrate how domestic tasks were completed before modern technology.Activities include spinning，baking，and a history lesson.”可知游客们可以在参观黑溪先祖村了解其历史养殖文化，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎【九】议论文 Many people believe that the only way to make our communities safer is to build more prisons.But there's a way better protect cities and towns by doing just the opposite.‎ In many countries throughout the world，prison populations have risen dramatically over the past decade.One of the main reasons for this is the large number of repeat offenders; that is people who break the law again once freed from jail.Statistics show that about one in four prisoners freed every year return to jail within three ‎ years.‎ This is partly because ex-prisoners face huge difficulty finding employment.More than a third of them cannot find any job at all.Data show that having a job greatly reduces the chances that a person will commit a crime again or commit one in the first place.Released prisoners who do manage to find steady employment are 50 percent less likely to return to prison.Rather than harming a community，having a job helps ex-prisoners to change their ways and make a positive and productive contribution to their communities.‎ What's more，helping these men and women find jobs would also save taxpayers a lot of money.Few prisoners would save governments millions or possibly even billions of dollars annually：the costs of building and operating jails.[来源:学科网]‎ There are many things that the government can do to help ex-prisoners find work.More job training programs should be introduced to provide prisoners with work skills before they are freed.Companies and factories should also be given tax benefits if they employ ex-prisoners.Such programs have been shown to work in several countries.‎ Such policies of course assure that freed criminals actually want to work.But shouldn't they be given the chance? Our goal，after all，shouldn't be to incarcerate as many prisoners as possible，but to build a society that doesn't need to put such a large percentage of its population in jail.We should take a step in that direction and help prisoners find self-respect and purpose through work.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是议论文，为了社会安全，‎ 分析犯罪率上升和下降的原因。‎ ‎1．What percentage of freed prisoners returns to prison within three years?‎ A．65%. B．50%.‎ C．33%. D．25%.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二自然段最后一句话“...one in four...”可知四分之一为25%。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Which of the following best describes the content of the fifth paragraph?‎ A．Facts. B．Arguments.‎ C．Recommendations. D．Requirements.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。根据第五自然段第一句“There are many things that the government can do to help ex-prisoners find work”可知这一自然段讲的是作者的建议。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What does the underlined word “incarcerate” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A．set free. B．lock up.‎ C．employ. D．separate.‎ 解析：词意猜词题。定位到最后一个自然段，‎ 通过上下文可知作者并不赞同一味地把犯人抓进监狱。‎ 答案：B ‎4．Which of the following would be the author agree with?‎ A．Tougher punishment will reduce crime.‎ B．Most prisoners do not deserve to be in prison.‎ C．Economic conditions are a major cause of crime.‎ D．Prison populations are likely to increase in the future.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三自然段可知犯罪率上升的主要原因是刑满出狱的人二次犯罪，而二次犯罪和首次犯罪的原因主要是找不到工作。没有工作就没有收入，没有收入就会造成经济问题。原文中还提到有工作的人犯罪率减少了50%，由此可以推断犯罪主要是因为经济问题。‎ 答案：C ‎【十】议论 Suppose you have three things：a piece of wood，a nail and a hammer.Pretend the wood is a person，and the nail is a mean rumor(谣言) about that person.If you hammer the nail in，you're obviously hurting him or her.If you then pull out the nail，there's still a hole in the wood，and the damage has been done.‎ There are many reasons why that nail of a rumor can be so ‎ harmful.Rumors are，quite simply，a form of bullying(欺侮)．When a person or a group makes up a rumor about someone or decides to spread gossip，it's usually to hurt someone，break up a friendship，or make someone less popular.It's the same thing as teasing，only it's done behind someone's back instead of to his or her face.‎ When you spread a rumor about someone，you're sending a signal that the person is outside the group，and somehow less worthy of friendship than others.You're making fun of that person or pointing out negative things about him or her.This can let others think that it's OK to make the person feel bad，and make him or her an outsider.‎ We need to be able to trust our friends，but gossip and rumors can break this trust.If you tell a personal secret to a friend，and he turns around and tells it to someone else，you might feel like you will get burned if you ever get close to him again.‎ Letting a rumor influence your behavior is like letting someone else make a big decision for you.Let's say you hear that a teacher plans to call a Snowy Day tomorrow because a blizzard(暴风雪) is coming.Expecting a day off，you don't do your homework as usual.The next morning，the blizzard turns out to be nothing more than a drizzle(毛毛雨)，and school isn't off after all.You get zeroes on your work.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文用木头、钉子和锤子三者的比喻解释了谣言为什么会带来伤害。‎ ‎1．If a rumor is spread about someone，others may________．‎ A．keep away from him or her B．point out his or her advantages C．not feel he or she is an outsider D．be hurt if getting close to him or her again 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When you spread a rumor about someone，you're sending a signal that the person is outside the group，and somehow less worthy of friendship than others.”可知，当你散播谣言的时候，会把那个人排斥在集体之外，让其他人觉得那个人不值得交往而疏远他，故A项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎2．To tell the rumor and the teasing apart，you depend on________．‎ A．whether it is painful or not[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ B．whether it is done behind someone C．whether it is a kind of bullying D．whether it is spread fast 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's the same thing as teasing，only it's done behind someone's back instead of to his or her face.”可知，区别谣言和戏弄是看它是否在某人的背后进行的，故B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎3．From the last paragraph，we can infer that________．‎ A．it is hard to keep rumors a secret[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]‎ B．rumors can destroy your interest in learning C．rumors can control your whole life D．believing rumors can lead to bad choices 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Letting a rumor influence your behavior is like letting someone else make a big decision for you.”可知，相信谣言会让人做出不好的选择，故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎4．The purpose of this passage is to________．‎ A．advise on how to deal with rumors B．teach us how to judge a rumor C．explain why rumors hurt D．find out why rumors spread fast 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，特别是由前两段内容可知，本文主要解释了谣言为什么会带来伤害，故C项正确。‎ 答案：C ‎3【一】‎ A new international study shows that some people's biological clock plays a powerful role for their life expectancy，regardless of lifestyle choices.[来源:学*科*网]‎ Published in the latest issue of Aging on Wednesday，the study has found the most definitive evidence to explain why some people keep healthy lifestyle but die younger than others.‎ Geneticist Steve Horvath from the University of California，Los Angeles (UCLA)，led a team of 65 scientists around the world to record age-related changes to human DNA，analyse blood samples collected from 13，000 people and estimate their lifespan.‎ A higher biological age，regardless of actual age，consistently predicts an earlier death，the study says.“You get people who are vegan，sleep 10 hours a day，have a low-stress job，and still end up dying young，”Horvath said in a statement.“We have shown some people have a faster innate aging rate.”‎ The findings discovered that 5 percent of the population ages at a faster biological rate，which translated to a roughly 50 percent higher than average risk of death at any age.‎ ‎“The great hope is that we find anti-aging interventions that would slow your innate aging rate，”Horvath said，adding that “this is an important milestone to realizing this dream.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　‎ 有些人保持着良好的生活习惯却还是会英年早逝，这是为什么呢？看看科学家有怎样的发现吧。[来源:学,科,网]‎ ‎5．Some people keep healthy lifestyle but die younger than others because________．‎ A．their biological clock is not powerful enough B．the most definitive evidence has been found C．they have a higher actual age than others D．they age at a relatively faster biological rate 解析：细节细节题。根据第四段最后一句“We have shown some people have a faster innate aging rate”可知，生活习惯良好的人却早逝是因为他们先天的老化更快，D项意为“他们的老化速度相对更快”，符合题意．故正确答案为D。‎ 答案：D ‎6．How was the study conducted?‎ A．By collecting and analyzing data.‎ B．By interviewing lots of people.‎ C．By researching previous studies.‎ D．By studying different lifestyles.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“...record age-related changes to human DNA，analyse blood samples collected from 13，000 people and estimate their lifespan”可知，研究通过记录与年龄相关的 DNA 的变化，和分析血液样本来预估实验者的寿命。A项意为“‎ 通过收集和分析数据”，符合题意。故正确答案为A。‎ 答案：A ‎7．According to the study，it can be inferred that________．‎ A．people who keep healthy lifestyle tend to live longer B．people's lifespan can be predicted by their age C．5 percent of people are believed to have a faster innate aging rate[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ D．anti-aging interventions have proved to slow the innate aging rate 解析：推判断断题。根据最后一段第一句“The findings discovered that 5 percent of the population ages at a faster biological rate”可知，5%的人有更快的老化速度。C项正确。A项，根据第二段“...why some people keep healthy lifestyle but die younger than others”可知，人们就算保持健康的生活方式也有可能英年早逝。A项错误。B项，根据第四段第一句“A higher biological age，regardless of actual age，consistently predicts an earlier death”可知，预测人的寿命并不能通过实际年龄。B项错误。D项，根据最后一段第二句“The great hope is that we find anti-aging interventions that would slow your innate aging rate”可知，抗衰老的干预措施只是有可能减缓先天衰老速度，还没有被证实一定会。D项错误。故正确答案为C。‎ 答案：C ‎8．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．We all should keep healthy lifestyle B．Geneticist finds anti-aging interventions C．Biological clock predicts life expectancy D．Horvath builds an important milestone.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。第一段主要讲生物钟在人的寿命预测中起着重要作用。第二到四段主要讲那些保持良好生活习惯的人早逝主要因为他们先天老化速率高于其他人，第五段主要讲科学家们发现了通过干涉来抗衰老的办法。综上所述，本文主要围绕了生物钟能预测寿命来展开，C项意为“生物钟预测寿命”，符合文意。故正确答案为C。‎ 答案：C ‎【二】说明 Deliberately making a road icy sounds like a method for disaster，but in 16th-century China it helped things run smoothly.Repairs to the Forbidden City in Beijing in 1557 called for huge stones from a quarry(采石场) more than 70 km away.The biggest was the 300-ton“Large Stone Carving.”Such stones were too heavy for any cart，and too fragile for rollers.The builders adopted a wise alternative approach to carry the heavy stone.‎ They dug a series of wells，spaced a few hundred metres apart，along the route to the quarry.Then，in the depth of winter，when temperatures reached around -4 ℃，buckets of water were poured on ‎ to the dirt track，transforming it into an ice road.‎ The stone blocks were pushed along the road on wooden sledges (雪橇)．Modern engineers have calculated that it would take 1，500 workers to drag a sledge on the dirt road，but only 300 on ice.Ancient tests suggested the ice was made slippery with more water; this reduced the friction further and just 50 men could pull a sledge.This technique only works when the temperature is also close to zero，otherwise the film of water freezes too quickly.‎ The researchers at Princeton University estimated that the blocks could be moved at six metres a minute，and the journey could be completed in 28 days.This would be well before the spring when the ice would melt.‎ It was once suggested that similar ice-sledges transported Stonehenge stones，but the ground that had a lot of holes and comparatively mild conditions probably rule this out.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科教类阅读，属于说明文，主要介绍了古代人如何利用结冰的路面运输巨石到目的地的。‎ ‎1．Why did people dig some wells along the road to the quarry?‎ A．They wanted to build frozen roads.‎ B．They wanted to break up large stones.‎ C．They wanted to make the dirty track clean.‎ D．They wanted to get a lot of holes on the road.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Then，in the depth of ‎ winter，when temperatures reached around -4℃，buckets of water were poured on to the dirt track，transforming it into an ice road.”可知，人们在地上挖坑是为了在深冬季节，倒进水，让水结冰，从而建立起一条结冰的道路。故选A。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]‎ 答案：A ‎2．What did people do to reduce the friction?‎ A．They made stone blocks much smaller.‎ B．They poured more water on the ice road.‎ C．They waited until the temperature was very low.‎ D．They asked more than 1，500 workers to clean the dirty road.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Ancient tests suggested the ice was made slippery with more water; this reduced the friction further and just 50 men could pull a sledge.”可知，用更多的水可以使冰更滑，这样可以减少摩擦力，因此推断人们在结冰的道路上倒更多的水减少摩擦力。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．How did the researchers at Princeton University think of Stonehenge stones?‎ A．They were not likely to be carried on the icy road.‎ B．They had a longer history than stones in Beijing.‎ C．They were carried for over twenty-eight days.‎ D．They were broken up in the depth of winter.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，人们认为巨石阵也是用类似的冰橇运输的，但是有许多坑的地面和相对温和的天气排除掉这样的做法。因此推断研究者认为巨石阵不太可能是在结冰的道路上运输过来的。故A选项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎4．What does the author intend to tell us in the text?‎ A．Making a road slippery on purpose may be bad idea.‎ B．The mild weather helped to carry Stonehenge stones.‎ C．Stonehenge stones were too heavy to carry.‎ D．Ancient Chinese transported huge stones wisely.‎ 解析：写作目的题。纵观全文可知，第一段最后一句是文章的主题句，接下来的段落主要介绍古代人如何利用结冰的路面运输巨石，因此写作目的是告诉我们古代人如何聪明地利用结冰的路面运输巨石到目的地。‎ 答案：D ‎【三】说明 Halloween is perhaps the third most popular holiday for parties，coming after New Year's and Christmas.With Halloween，we have the opportunity to dress up for the night and “be someone else”．‎ Team Maker If you are going to have games，you may require teams.One way to put together the teams randomly，thus encouraging guests who don't already know each other，is to have them draw pieces from a cauldron(大锅)or witch's hat.Beforehand，write enough words on pieces of paper to have one for every guest.On the pieces of paper write words like：Egyptian tomb，pyramid，magic wand，magic spell，black cat，etc.Everyone draws a piece of paper.‎ Dress Up the Dead This game is not for the shy and may result in some small rude performance.For the game，you will need a put-together skeleton.They can be found in the Halloween section of many stores.The skeleton can be of wood or plastic，so long as it can be taken apart easily and can be recombined together.The host“buries”the broken up skeleton under a pile of sawdust，loose dirt or hay in the yard.The first team，while being timed，must discover all the skeleton pieces then run to where there's a hook for hanging the skeleton.They must recombine the skeleton and then，donating parts of their own clothing，dress the skeleton in a shirt and pants.‎ Murder Mystery Host a murder mystery as a play.Select players，either by volunteers or by random drawing or even have guests vote.While the players read over their parts，the rest of the guests arrange the room.Set up a row of chairs facing the party audience.This will be the“stage”where the murder mystery players will sit and perform their roles.The host keeps the game (play) moving，usually by playing one of the detective characters.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们介绍了适合万圣节派对的三种游戏。‎ ‎1．How can people form a team?‎ A．By giving a performance.‎ B．By making a witch's hat.‎ C．By writing some words.‎ D．By drawing a piece of paper.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Beforehand，write enough words on pieces of paper to have one for every guest”可知你可以通过在一张纸上写词语来组建团队，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What persons are suitable for Dress Up the Dead?‎ A．Those who can tell stories.‎ B．Those who are not brave enough.‎ C．Those who don't mind small rudeness.‎ D．Those who are not good at making up.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“This game is not for the shy and may result in some small rude performance”可知装扮僵尸会导致小粗鲁的表现，不适合害羞的人，由此可知这个游戏适合那些不在意小粗鲁的人，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What is the function of chairs in Murder Mystery?‎ A．They are prepared for the audience to sit.‎ B．They are used to sit in and perform for the players.‎ C．They are prepared for the host to guide the players.‎ D．They are used to attract the audience's attention.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Set up a row of chairs facing the party audience.This will be the“stage”where the murder mystery players will sit and perform their roles.”可知神秘谋杀游戏中的凳子充当游戏者的舞台，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎4．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Games for Halloween Party B．How to prepare for the Halloween Party?‎ C．The reason why Halloween Party is popular D．What is the purpose of Halloween Party?‎ 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了适合万圣节派对的三种好玩的游戏，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎【四】说明 When a leafy plant is under attack，it doesn't sit quietly.Back in 1983，two scientists，Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin，reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short.‎ Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.It's a plant's way of crying out.But is anyone listening？Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.‎ Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive，the_tables_are_turned．The attacker who ‎ was lunching now becomes lunch.[来源:学科网]‎ In study after study，it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant，but the neighbors，relatively speaking，stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.‎ Does this mean that plants talk to each other？Scientists don't know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches，and so，in effect，was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to“overhear”the cry.So information was exchanged，but it wasn't a true，intentional back and forth.‎ Charles Darwin，over 150 years ago，imagined a world far busier，noisier and more intimate(亲密的)than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.There's a whole lot going on.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物受到袭击时会释放出某种化学物质来保护自己并“告知”附近的植物。‎ ‎5．What does a plant do when it is under attack?‎ A．It makes noises.[来源:学科网]‎ B．It gets help from other plants.‎ C．It stands quietly.‎ D．It sends out certain chemicals.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that ‎ neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.”可知，植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味，而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质，故选D项。‎ A、B两项无中生有，文章并没有提及制造声响和从其他植物那儿获取帮助的信息；C项曲解文意，第一段中的“...it doesn't sit quietly.”不等于“It stands quietly.”。‎ 答案：D ‎6．What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3?‎ A．The attackers get attacked.‎ B．The insects gather under the table.‎ C．The plants get ready to fight back.‎ D．The perfumes attract natural enemies.‎ 解析：句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.(它们散发出气味意在吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫是袭击者的天敌)”，以及画线部分后的“The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.(正在吃午餐的袭击者现在就变成了午餐)”可知，画线部分的意思是袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击，故选A项。‎ B、C两项无中生有，文中未提及B项“昆虫聚集在桌子下”、C项“植物们准备还击”；D项“气味吸引了天敌”，文中确实提到此事，‎ 但它提到的是吸引了袭击者的天敌。‎ 答案：A ‎7．Scientists find from their studies that plants can________．‎ A．predict natural disasters B．protect themselves against insects C．talk to one another intentionally D．help their neighbors when necessary 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.”和“They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.”可知，植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害，故选B项。‎ A项无中生有，文中并未提及A项“预测自然灾害”；C项曲解文意，根据第五段最后一句可知，“植物不是在彼此故意交谈”；D项中的when necessary与文意不符。‎ 答案：B ‎8．What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A．The world is changing faster than ever.‎ B．People have stronger senses than before.‎ C．The world is more complex than it seems.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]‎ D．People in Darwin's time were more imaginative.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知，世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂，故选C项。‎ A项无中生有，最后一段并没有提及世界变化快慢的信息；B项颠倒是非，最后一段说人们的感官很弱，而B项“人们有比以前更强的感官”，两者正好相反；D项偷换概念，文章只是说“达尔文设想……”，并没有说达尔文时期的人们想象力更加丰富。‎ 答案：C ‎【五】议论 Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you.According to the ancient Greeks，there are three basic tools of persuasion ：ethos，pathos，and logos.‎ Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy，honest and reliable.One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.After all，you're more likely to listen to advise about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person.If an audience cannot trust you，you will not be able to persuade them.‎ Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions.For example，a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.These words are intended to fill the audience with fear，thus making them support him.Similarly，an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats，to make the viewers feel pity.If the audience feels bad for the animals，they will be more likely to donate money.‎ Logos is the use of facts，statistics，or other evidence to support your argument.An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”．‎ Although ethos，pathos，and logos all have their strengths，they are often most effective when used together.Indeed，most speakers use a combination of ethos，pathos，and logos to persuade their audiences.So，the next time you listen to a speech，watch a commercial，or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money，be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文叙述的是“说服”是使某人信服你的艺术。根据古希腊人的说法，有三种基本的说服方法ethos，pathos，and logos，通常需要这三者结合才可以发挥最大的效果。‎ ‎1．Why does the author say persuasion is an art?‎ A．They both entertain the audience.‎ B．They both require great skill to achieve.‎ C．They both demand full attention from the audience.‎ D．They were both common topics of ancient Greek writers.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“According to the ancient Greeks，there are three basic tools of persuasion：ethos，pathos，and logos.”和最后一段第一句“Although ethos，pathos，and logos all have their strengths，they are often most effective when used together.”可知，persuasion是需要三者结合才可以发挥最大的效果，也就是“说服”需要巨大的技巧才能达到，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience?‎ A．By expressing her sympathy with the audience.‎ B．By telling the audience about her personal preference.‎ C．By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive.‎ D．By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.”可知，Echos是通过解释在某一领域所获得过的教育和所积累的经验，因此选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3．What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion?‎ A．Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion.‎ B．Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.‎ C．Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.‎ D．Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.‎ 解析：推理判断题。文章没有提到echos是最重要的方面，而是说三点都很重要，需要结合在一起，所以排除A选项；C项文中没有提到诚实是说服别人相信你的论点的关键。D项政治领袖大多用Pathos来说服听众错误，因此选B。‎ 答案：B ‎4．An advertisement for washing powder which claims that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria is mainly using________．‎ A．ethos B．pathos C．logos D．a combination of all three 解析：推理判断题。从题干90% of the bacteria可以看出，是通过数据分析来说服别人，根据第四段第一句“Logos is the use of facts，statistics，or other evidence to support your argument.”可知，Logos是用事实、数据或其他证据来证明观点，故与90% of the bacteria相符，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎【六】说明 Dear Daughter，‎ As we drove off from Columbia University，I wanted to write a letter to you to tell you all that is on my mind.‎ College will be the most important years in your life.It is in college that you will truly discover what learning is about.I encourage you to be inquisitive，but I also want to tell you：“Education is what you have left after all that is taught is forgotten.”What I mean by that is the materials taught isn't as important as you gaining the ability to learn a new subject，and the ability to analyze a new problem.That is really what learning in college is about—this will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired，after which you must become a self-learner.So do take each subject seriously，and even if what you learn isn't critical for your life，the skills of learning will be something you cherish forever，so do your best in classes and learn.‎ Take care of yourself and follow your passion in college.Take courses you think you will enjoy.Don't be trapped in what others think or say.‎ Most importantly，make friends and be happy.College friends are often the best in life.Pick a few friends and become really close to ‎ them—pick the ones who are genuine and sincere to you.People are not perfect，so as long as they are genuine and sincere，trust them and be good to them.They will give back.This is my secret of success—that I am genuine with people and trust them (unless they do something to lose my trust)．‎ Please treasure your college years—make the best of your free time，become an independent thinker in control of your destiny，be bold to experiment，learn and grow through your successes and challenges.May Columbia become the happiest four years in your life，and may you blossom into just what you dream to be.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ Love，‎ Dad ‎【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一封父亲给女儿的信，信中表达了因孩子的骄傲，以及对孩子的信心和期望，同时也给了孩子一些中肯的建议，比如好好学习、好好同朋友们相处等，文章字里行间透露出了父母对孩子浓浓的爱。‎ ‎1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?‎ A．Education is what you learn at school.‎ B．Ability is more important than knowledge.‎ C．Learning and analyzing are equally important.‎ D．Colleges only focus on skills of learning.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What I mean by that is the ‎ materials taught isn't as important as you gaining the ability to learn a new subject，and the ability to analyze a new problem.That is really what learning in college is about—this will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired”可知在大学最重要的是分析问题的能力，它比学习更重要，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．The writer thinks his daughter should________．‎ A．ask for his advice on her choice B．make a lot of friends C．get along well with her friends D．spare no effort to succeed 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“People are not perfect，so as long as they are genuine and sincere，trust them and be good to them”(人无完人，只要他们很真诚，就信任他们，对他们好)，可知作者让他的女儿同朋友们好好相处，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．According to the passage，the writer is a________father.‎ A．wise and caring B．strict and warm-hearted C．generous and talented D．diligent and successful 解析：推理判断题。文章主要向我们描述了一封父亲给女儿的信，在信中父亲表达了对孩子的信任和期望，同时也给了孩子一些中肯的建议，比如好好学习、好好同朋友们相处等，由此可见，这位父亲十分睿智并且深爱他的女儿，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎4．Why does the father write this letter?‎ A．To inform his daughter of college life.‎ B．To show father's love.‎ C．To broaden his daughter's mind.‎ D．To guide his daughter.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，可知在信中父亲表达了对孩子的信任和期望，同时也给了孩子一些中肯的建议，比如好好学习、好好同朋友们相处等，由此可见父亲写这封信的目的是指导他的女儿如何对待大学；故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎【七】说明 Have you ever wondered when dogs first became“man's best friend”and the world's favourite pet? If you have then you're not alone.When and where dogs first began living side-side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists.There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans.They came into lives some 15，000 years ago，before the dawn of agriculture.‎ Beyond that，there is little agreement.The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs and not wolves date from 14，000 years ago.However，30，000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs.‎ With such puzzling evidence，many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated.In one research project，tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world.The plan is to compare them with those of wolves.It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones.Tiny pieces of the 30，000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied，and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones.‎ Indeed，the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs.Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years，their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins.This is why different groups of ‎ scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia，Mongolia，Siberia，Europe or Africa.‎ But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out.Today，this is a way of life still shared by three-quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了家畜狗的来历。‎ ‎1．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?‎ A．They originally were used as farm animal.‎ B．They evolved from wolves found in Europe.‎ C．They helped the development of agriculture.‎ D．They were the first animal to be kept as pets.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一自然段“There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans”可知选项D正确。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Why does the writer first mention the 30，000-year-old animals skulls?‎ A．To show that dogs were much larger in the past.‎ B．To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.[来源:学#科#网]‎ C．To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.‎ D．To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.‎ 解析：细节理解题。通过题目中出现的“30，000-year-old animals skulls”定位到第二自然段“However，30，000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs.”可知狗出现的时间最早可追溯到30，000年前，而不是14，000之前。‎ 答案：C ‎3．How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]‎ A．By examine the animals' DNA.‎ B．By analyzing the age of their bones.‎ C．By studying the shape of their skulls.‎ D．By comparing them with modern dogs.‎ 解析：细节理解题。通过题目中关键词Alaska 定位文中第三自然段最后一句话“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves”可知是用DNA检测的。‎ 答案：A ‎4．Why did dogs start living with humans?‎ A．Because they were attracted by food.‎ B．Because they were trapped by humans.‎ C．Because they couldn't survive in the wild.‎ D．Because they were trained to protect villages.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out”可知狗是因为被村民扔出的食物所吸引。‎ 答案：A ‎【八】节日说明 For most of us Veterans Day just means a chance to enjoy an extra day off from school or work.However this November 11th，be sure to spend a few minutes on its true purpose，by acknowledging(感谢)the men and women who have served in our armed forces.‎ And you don't have to stop at just this one day.Join the over 10，000 youth members of the Young Marines group that honor these brave men and women all year long with special events and completely spoil them for an entire week，from November 4th to 11th，by visiting hospitalized veterans，performing chores for disabled veterans and even organizing community-wide social event.The ‎ program open to kids ranging from the age of eight all the way to high school，is a great way to not only show your appreciation，but also get a chance to do some fun activities with like-minded kids and make a real difference in a veteran's life.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]‎ People often believe that Memorial Day and Veterans Day are celebrated for the same reason.There is however a subtle but important difference between the two.While both honor our military personnel，the former is a day to remember and pay respect to all the men and women that died serving our country in a war，while Veterans Day is to celebrate the soldiers who are still alive and served in the forces at any time，during peace or war.‎ Though several other countries celebrate this day in honor of their own veterans，the meaning is slightly different for each one.Some like the United Kingdom，celebrate it in honor of all soldiers—living or dead，while others like Canada celebrate it to honor all living veterans.They also call it different names.France and New Zealand silll call it Armistice Day.In the United Kingdom，Australia and Canada it is referred to as Remembrance Day，while Malta and South Africa celebrate it as Poppy Day.‎ No matter what it is called，the reason for observing the day is the same—to show our appreciation to the brave men and women who sacrifice(牺牲)everything to make this world a safer place for the rest of us.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了美国的“老兵节”，以及它的纪念意义，同时介绍了其他几个国家类似的节日 ‎，虽然名称不同，庆祝原因都是一样的——向勇敢的士兵们表示我们的尊敬。‎ ‎1．What's the main purpose of Veterans Day?‎ A．To celebrate America's success in world wars.‎ B．To let people have one more day off.‎ C．To organize fun activities for school children.‎ D．To show respect for soldiers' contributions.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Veterans Day is to celebrate the soldiers who are still alive and served in the forces at any time，during peace or war.”和最后一段内容，可推断出Veterans Day和其他类似节日一样，主要目的是表示对勇敢的士兵们的尊重。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What can kids do at the Young Marines group program?‎ A．Organize parties for disabled veterans.‎ B．Help take care of sick veterans.‎ C．Share stories with veterans and other kids.‎ D．Entertain veterans by singing and dancing.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容“from November 4th to 11th，by visiting hospitalized veterans，performing chores for disabled veterans and even organizing community-wide social event.The program open to kids ranging from the age of eight all the way to ‎ high school”可知孩子们也可以帮助照顾生病的退伍军人。故选B。[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]‎ 答案：B ‎3．What can we learn about Memorial Day?‎ A．It is another name for Veterans Day.‎ B．It is in remembrance of war dead.‎ C．It is observed on November 11th every year.‎ D．It honors soldiers who are serving in the military.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段对Memorial Day的描述“the former is a day to remember and pay respect to all the men and women that died serving our country in a war”可知答案为B。‎ 答案：B ‎4．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?‎ A．The origin of Veterans Day.‎ B．The history of Veterans Day.‎ C．Veterans Day observance.‎ D．Veterans Day around the world.‎ 解析：段落大意题。从第四段可知，第四段介绍了几个国家纪念退伍军人的节日。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎【九】说明科技 A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.Developed by two doctors in the U．S.Department of Agriculture，it's an excellent water collector.Unfortunately，you must carry the necessary equipment with you，since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The only components required，though，are a 5′×5′ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic，six feet of plastic tube，and a container—perhaps just a drinking cup—to catch the water.These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.‎ To construct a working still，use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep.Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the_water_catcher's productivity.Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up—and out—the side of the hole.‎ Next，cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock.The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体)with 45-degree-angled sides.The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over，and no more than three inches above，the cup.‎ The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic.Ground water evaporates(蒸发)and collects on the sheet until ‎ small drops of water form，run down the material，and fall off into the cup.When the container is full，you can suck the refreshment out through the tube，and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何自制太阳能蒸馏器以便在野外获取饮用水。‎ ‎5．What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?‎ A．It's delicate.　　　 B．It's expensive.‎ C．It's complex. D．It's portable.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.”可知，这些东西可以折叠放进小包中系在腰带上，由此可知这一太阳能蒸馏器装置是“便携的”，故选D项。A项中delicate意为“易碎的”，B项中expensive意为“昂贵的”，C项中complex意为“复杂的”，均不符合文意。‎ 答案：D ‎6．What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher”in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The tube. B．The still.‎ C．The hole. D．The cup.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述可知，制作一个蒸馏器装置，需要挖一个四英尺宽、三英尺深的洞，‎ 要尽量在潮湿的地方挖洞来提高the water catcher的生产力，结合全文可知，提高的应该是整个蒸馏器装置的生产力，故选B项。本题易误选D项，结合全文可知生产力是整个装置的而不是作为其中一部分的杯子的。‎ 答案：B ‎7．What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?‎ A．Dig a hole of a certain size.‎ B．Put the cup in place.‎ C．Weight the sheet's center down.‎ D．Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“...weighting the sheet's center down with a rock.”可知最后一步是用石块将塑料板的中心位置压下去，故选C项。A、B、D三项曲解文意。A项“挖一个一定尺寸的洞”、B项“把杯子放在正确位置”和D项“用塑料板盖好洞”均不是制作蒸馏器装置的最后一步。‎ 答案：C ‎8．When a solar still works，drops of water come into the cup from________．‎ A．the plastic tube B．outside the hole C．the open air D．beneath the sheet 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，地下水蒸发后在塑料板下方凝结成水滴，然后坠落到杯子里，‎ 故选D项。A、B、C三项曲解文意。根据最后一段可知，水滴不是从“塑料试管”“洞的外面”或“露天”进入到杯子中的。‎ 答案：D ‎【十】议论 Stop wasting your time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.‎ The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind.Success is a choice and not a chance.You were born a winner.You were born rich.You can be a success if only you make the right choice.‎ You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem (自信心)．Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over your life.People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.They are always victims.They are leaves tossed (摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.‎ You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe you are responsible for everything that happens in your ‎ life.Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.Successful people realize that they are responsible.‎ Everything happens as a result of something.If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe.One generally rises to the level that one expects.We are responsible for setting our expectations.Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.‎ If you associate with positive-thinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.On the contrary，the opposite happens.We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing (培育) the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks (挫折)．‎ In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it.You are on the road to success.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了如何才能成功。‎ ‎1．Why people with low self-confidence are compared to leaves?‎ A．Because they can't exercise control over themselves.‎ B．Because they are easily affected by windy weather.‎ C．Because they don't have the power to face their fate.‎ D．Because they are ready to change their minds.[来源:学|科|网]‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise ‎ over yourself，and thus your life.”可知你的自信心水平总是取决于你对自己乃至自己一生的控制程度，后面一句话讲了自信心低的人不相信自己有任何的力量，也不会对自己的生活负责，因此被比作风中的叶子，前后形成对比。所以选A。‎ 答案：A ‎2．What would losers think?‎ A．Success is the result of hard work.‎ B．Working hard will lead to success.‎ C．They fail only because of bad luck.‎ D．They don't make efforts to succeed.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance”可知失败者想的是一切事情的发生都是偶然的，换句话说就是一切事情的发生都是靠运气的，他们失败是因为运气不好。所以选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph?‎ A．Setting our expectations is essential before taking action.‎ B．Knowing cause and effect is the key to future success.‎ C．Thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind.‎ D．Whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句话可知我们是否能够成功取决于我们自信的程度，所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．What does the last paragraph serve as?‎ A．The proof of the author's points.‎ B．The conclusion of the argument.‎ C．An introduction to another topic.‎ D．A comparison between two views.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段开头In short(总之)这一短语以及后面的内容可知，作者是在总结，所以选B。‎ 答案：B ‎4.3【一】说明 Many countries follow special customs when a child's baby teeth fall out.Many of these customs tell stories about animals taking the teeth.‎ For example，Koreans have the custom of throwing the fallen tooth onto the roof of a house so that a magpie (喜鹊) can take the tooth away and bring a new tooth for the child.This custom is also ‎ followed by some other Asian countries，such as Japan and Vietnam.‎ Other countries，though，have tooth customs about other animals.In Mexico and Spain，for example，it is thought that a mouse takes a fallen tooth away and leaves some money.But in Mongolia，it is dogs that take children's teeth away.Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture.It is believed that the new tooth will grow strong if the baby tooth is fed to a dog，so parents in Mongolia will put their children's fallen teeth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.‎ In France and the USA，a child will put a fallen tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed.It is thought that in the early morning，when the child is still sleeping，the Tooth Fairy will take the tooth away and leave something else under the pillow.What she will leave is hard to know.It is said that in France the Tooth Fairy may leave some candies; however，in the United States，she may leave money.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这篇文章主要介绍了不同国家对于脱落牙齿处理的风俗。‎ ‎1．Koreans throw a tooth onto the roof of a house in order to________．‎ A．get money　　　　 B．feed magpies C．get candies D．get a new tooth 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Koreans have the custom of throwing the fallen tooth onto the roof of a house so that a magpie can take the tooth away and bring a new tooth for the child”可知，‎ 韩国人把掉落的牙齿扔在屋顶上这样喜鹊就能把牙齿衔走，然后带给小孩一颗新牙了。因此选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．In Vietnam，if a child's tooth falls out，he or she will________．‎ A．throw it onto the roof of a house B．feed it to a mouse C．put it in a piece of meat and feed the meat to a dog D．leave it to the Tooth Fairy 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This custom is also followed by some other Asian countries，such as Japan and Vietnam.”可知韩国人的风俗也被一些如日本、越南等亚洲国家的效仿，他们也会把牙齿扔到屋顶上，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎3．From the last paragraph，we can know that in France and the USA________．‎ A．a child will put his or her fallen tooth beside the pillow B．the Tooth Fairy takes the fallen teeth away at midnight C．the Tooth Fairy will leave some candies to the children after taking the fallen teeth away D．no one knows for sure what the Tooth Fairy will leave to the ‎ children after taking the fallen teeth away 解析：判断推理题。根据第四段 “In France and the USA，a child will put a fallen tooth under his or her pillow”可知A错误。根据本段“It is thought that...the Tooth Fairy will take the tooth away”可知B错误，根据本段 “It is said that in France the Tooth Fairy may leave some candies；however，in the United States，she may leave money.”可知在法国牙齿仙女会留下糖果，在美国会留下钱，因此C错误。所以，“没人确定牙齿仙女会留下什么”这个答案符合题意，故D正确。‎ 答案：D ‎4．The passage is mainly about________．‎ A．customs about fallen teeth in western countries B．customs about fallen teeth in different countries C．stories about human teeth[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]‎ D．stories about some animals 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段，以及纵观全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了不同国家对于脱落牙齿处理的风俗。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【二】说明 Coral reefs(珊瑚礁)are not just beautiful to look at，but also very useful.They shelter nearly 25% of ocean life and provide food for billions of people.However，like many other species，this amazing ecosystem(生态系统) is in danger of dying out!‎ There are two main reasons for the destruction—the rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation.While not much can be done about the former，the loss caused by the latter can be reduced.‎ Bottom operation involves dropping nets to the ocean bed and then dragging them up when filled with fish.This action damaged the ocean floor，causing the coral branches to separate from the reefs.While that is very discouraging，the good news is that if these branches are found quickly，they can be saved.At present，that work is being performed by volunteer divers.But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater，nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deep-sea coral grows.‎ However，this is not the case for Coralbots—the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches.A team of ‘coralbots’，each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral，allowing them to regrow.They are programmed to be able to distinguish between other things and the coral.The robots work together in groups，similar to bees.If one coralbot is damaged，then the others will still be able to complete the task.‎ Dr Lea-Anne Henry said：“The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore(修复) the function of reefs.It is in ‎ the final stage of testing.Once ready，the researchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the waters off Scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁由于全球变暖以及人类的一些海底作业而濒临灭绝。对此，Coralbots是挽救珊瑚礁的好帮手，它们可以长时间待在水下以帮助受损的珊瑚礁重新生长。‎ ‎5．Which of the following is a cause of the danger that coral reefs are facing?‎ A．The appearance of new creatures.‎ B．The seriously polluted sea water.‎ C．The activities of volunteer divers.‎ D．Human activities like bottom operation.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的第一句“There are two main reasons for the destruction—the rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation.”可知，D选项符合题意。所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎6．Compared with volunteer divers，coralbots________．‎ A．can stay longer underwater B．must work as bees do C．can distinguish what is coral D．can never be damaged 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的“But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater，nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deep-sea coral grows.”以及第四段的“However，this is not the case for coralbots...”可知，coralbots可以长时间待在水下。所以选A。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ 答案：A ‎7．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ A．Coralbots. B．Broken branches.[来源:学.科.网]‎ C．working bees. D．Bits of coral.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文中本段的“The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore(修复) the function of reefs.It is in the final stage of testing.Once ready，the researchers hope...”可知，这里的them指代的是上文提到的coralbots，因为要用它们来修复珊瑚礁。所以选A。‎ 答案：A ‎8．We can infer from the passage that________．‎ A．bottom operation has affected most underwater creatures B．broken branches of coral can regrow if saved in time C．hundreds of the coralbots have worked well in the oceans D．with the coralbots all damaged coral reefs can be restored 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第二段的“While not much can be done about the former，the loss caused by the latter can be reduced.”可排除A；根据文章最后一段的“Once ready，the researchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the waters off ...，”可排除C；根据文章最后一段的“...The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore(修复) the function of reefs.It is in the final stage of testing.”可排除D；根据文章第四段的“...this is not the case for Coralbots— the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches.A team of ‘coralbots’，each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral，allowing them to regrow.”可知B 项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎【三】记叙 Time：2017-01-24‎ From：kekenet.com Editor：clover The head of China's largest online seller Alibaba does not think China and the United States will have a trade war despite comments from the Trump administration.‎ Jack Ma is the chairman of the Alibaba Group.At the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos，Switzerland，he said，“China and (the) U．S.will never have a trade war.Give Trump some time.He's open-minded，he's listening.”‎ The_Chinese_billionaire said he would do all he could to prevent trade relations between the countries from getting worse.‎ Last week，Ma met with Trump at the Trump Tower in New York City.The Chinese billionaire is said to have discussed a plan to permit one million small U．S.businesses to sell goods on Alibaba's online shopping platform.‎ During the campaign and after winning the presidential election，Trump strongly criticized the Chinese government's support for its businesses.He blamed unfair trade policies for taking away U．S.jobs.And he said that China unfairly controls the exchange value of its currency，the yuan.‎ Trump also has threatened to place import taxes on goods from China and other countries in response to their trade policies.‎ According to the South China Morning Post，Ma said，“American international companies made millions and millions of dollars from globalization.”He added that the U．S.should not blame the loss of jobs and companies on globalization.‎ However，a new study by an American business group says many U．S.businesses feel unwelcome in China.The companies say the cost of doing business in China is increasing.They add that rules and regulations are unclear or not enforced in a consistent way.‎ The American Chamber of Commerce in China led the study，which looked at responses from 462 companies.‎ William Zarit is chairman of the chamber.He says trade policies in China make it difficult for American companies.He says，“we feel that over the last few years that we've been taken advantage of to some extent，with our open market and the lack of open areas in the Chinese market.”‎ Another major concern for U．S.companies in China is fake products.Fake products are copies of the originals that cost businesses with the legal right to sell them millions of dollars each year.‎ Ma defended Alibaba's efforts to fight fake products on its shopping platform.He said his company is doing all it can to fight the problem.‎ ‎“Fighting against fake products is a war against human greediness，”Ma said.‎ I'm Mario Ritter.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述的是中国的亿万富翁阿里巴巴集团董事长马云表示尽管特朗普政府发表了不少批评言论，但是中美之间不会爆发贸易战。他将尽一切努力防止两国之间的贸易关系恶化。‎ ‎1．The underline phrase“The_Chinese_billionaire”refers to________．‎ A．Trump B．Jack Ma C．Mario Ritter D．Willian Zarit 解析：推理判断题。联系上下文可知，文章提到的“The Chinese billionaire”指Jack Ma，即阿里巴巴集团董事长马云，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎2．The text is likely taken from the________．‎ A．economic magazine B．trade speech C．website D．global news 解析：推理判断题。根据文章开头“Time：2017-01-24 From：kekenet.com.Editor：clover”及文章的时效性可知此文来自网站，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．About this passage，the most suitable title is________．‎ A．Chinese Billionaire Does Not See China-US Trade War.‎ B．The American international companies removed most tariffs on products traded between the U．S and China.‎ C．Group says American businesses in China concerned.‎ D．The war about fighting against fake products.‎ 解析：主旨大题意。文章主要讲述的是中国的亿万富翁阿里巴巴集团董事长马云表示尽管特朗普政府发表了不少批评言论，但是中美之间不会爆发贸易战。他将尽一切努力防止两国之间的贸易关系恶化。A项能概括全文，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎【四】说明 Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time，according to the findings of research carried out at Aston University's School of Life and Health Sciences.The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis of the “5-second rule”— the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less.Although people have long followed the ‘5-second rule’，until now it was unclear whether it actually helped.‎ The study，undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton，Professor of Microbiology at Aston University，monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet，cement floor to toast，pasta，biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds.The results showed that：time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food，and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect，with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds.Professor Hilton said，“Consuming food ‎ dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time.”‎ The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the ‘five-second rule’．The survey showed that：87% of the people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor，or already have done so.55% of those that would，or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women.81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the ‘5-second rule’．Professor Hilton added，“Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food，with women the most likely to do so.But they are also more likely to follow the ‘5-second rule’，which our research has shown to be much than an old wives' tale.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　人们遵循的“五秒钟法则”，即“掉落的东西在五秒中之内是不会沾染细菌的”这一说法是正确的吗？美国南卡罗莱纳州的科学家做了一个实验，结果发现仅仅五秒钟，沾染到食物上的细菌就足以致病，所以下次掉地上的食物，还是放弃“五秒钟法则”吧。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，which of the following is true?‎ A．A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.‎ B．A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.‎ C．The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of ‎ being polluted with the food dropped on the cement floor.‎ D．The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within 30 seconds.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第二段的“type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect，with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds.”可知，三十秒内食物掉到水泥地板上不如掉到毛毯地板上安全。故选D。[来源:学.科.网]‎ 答案：D ‎2．What is the passage probably developed?‎ A．Contrast.　　　 B．Example.‎ C．Time. D．Space.‎ 解析：推理判断题。科学家通过做实验对比的方式来表明就算五秒钟，粘上的食物也有细菌。A.Contrast“对比”；B.Example“举例”；C.Time“时间”；D.Space“空间”。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎3．How did Professor Hilton feel after analyzing how many people chose to eat dropped food?‎ A．Puzzled. B．Upset.‎ C．Satisfied. D．Astonished.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Our study showed ‎ that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food，with women the most likely to do so.”可知，看到大多数人会吃掉的食物是感到惊讶的。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A．The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely.‎ B．A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken.‎ C．The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food.‎ D．People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲了科学家做的一个实验证明掉在地上的东西，即使只有五秒钟也是含有细菌，是不能吃的。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【五】‎ In the coming months，we are bringing together artists from all over the globe，to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's plays in their own language，in our Globe，within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for.Please come and join us.‎ National Theatre of China　Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛会)will be the National Theatre of China's first visit to the UK.The company's productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre.This production of Shakespeare's Richard III will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.‎ Date & Time：Saturday 28 April，2.30 pm & Sunday 29 April，1.30 pm & 6.30 pm Marjanishvili Theatre　Tbilisi|Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia，the Marjanishvili，founded in 1928，appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world.This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指导)by the company's Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.‎ Date &Time：Friday 18 May，2.30 pm & Saturday 19 May，7.30 pm Deafinitely Theatre　London|British Sign Language(BSL)‎ By translating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL，Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.‎ Date & Time：Tuesday 22 May，2.30 pm & Wednesday 23 May，7.30 pm Habima National Theatre　Tel Aviv|Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide.Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.Since 1958，they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel.This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.‎ Date & Time：Monday 28 May，7.30 pm & Tuesday 29 May，7.30 pm ‎【语篇解读】　本文是四则广告，属于应用文。文章主要介绍了四家剧院有关莎士比亚戏剧的演出信息。[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]‎ ‎5．Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?‎ A．Richard III.‎ B．Love's Labour's Lost.‎ C．As You Like It.‎ D．The Merchant of Venice.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据National Theatre of China Beijing|Chinese下面的第三句“This production of Shakespeare's Richard III will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.”可知，将要在中国国家大剧院上演的是Richard III，故选A项。‎ B、C、D三项张冠李戴，它们分别是Deafinitely Theatre，Marjanishvili Theatre和Habima National Theatre要演出的戏剧。‎ 答案：A ‎6．What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?‎ A．It has two groups of actors.‎ B．It is the leading theatre in London.‎ C．It performs plays in BSL.‎ D．It is good at producing comedies.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Deafinitely Theatre London|British Sign Language(BSL)下面的第一句“By translating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL...”可知，在Deafinitely Theatre中，戏剧是用BSL(英国手语)来演出的。故选C项。‎ A项偷换概念，文中指出Deafinitely Theatre的观众包括失聪的人和正常人两种群体，而不是它的演员；B项无中生有，文章没有说Deafinitely Theatre是伦敦最好的剧院；D项曲解文意，文中虽然提到了comedy，但提到的是这家剧院对莎士比亚的喜剧新的诠释，不是这家剧院擅长制作喜剧。‎ 答案：C ‎7．When can you see a play in Hebrew?‎ A．On Saturday 28 April.‎ B．On Sunday 29 April.‎ C．On Tuesday 22 May.‎ D．On Tuesday 29 May.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的in Hebrew可以定位至Habima National Theatre处，根据最后一部分内容“Date & Time：Monday 28 May，7.30 pm&Tuesday 29 May，7.30 pm”可知，在5月29日是可以看戏剧的，故选D项。‎ A、B、C三项张冠李戴，A、B两项是National Theatre of China的戏剧演出的时间安排；C项是Deafinitely Theatre的戏剧演出的时间安排。‎ 答案：D ‎【六】记叙 Ever since Donald Trump was elected the next president of the US，the entire Trump family has been put under a microscope.‎ In China，the spotlight has been mainly focused on Trump and his daughter Ivanka.She is described on WeChat as an extremely influential role model with stunning beauty，a successful career，and a happy family.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ She leads a dream life that a million girls would kill for.Yes，she was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.But she got where she is by herself.‎ There's always going to be articles that say people born into wealthy families are better looking and have a better family background than you，but these people do work harder than you.‎ Are you a loser if you were raised in an ordinary family？Should you feel guilty that you sleep eight hours a day because Ivanka sleeps five？If you just want to keep a stable nine-to-five job，does it mean you are not ambitious？How about if you don't work out or eat healthy，does that mean you will not find your Mr.or Miss Right?‎ There is a tendency in media nowadays to encourage elitism(精英主义)．They are trying to ‎ brainwash young people into thinking that they should invest an enormous amount of time and money in bodybuilding and appearance enhancement，even plastic surgery.They encourage lifestyle makeovers：wine tasting classes and expensive trips overseas.They make you believe that if you do as they say，you can improve the quality of your life and join the elites (社会精英)．‎ But what's the downside of being ordinary？Do you really need to go to the gym five days a week unless you are a gym maniac(热衷者)？Do you need to take hundreds of selfies and Photoshop the selected ones to post on WeChat？Do you really need to break your neck and sacrifice to earn your first pot of gold only to worry constantly about how to enter high society later?‎ Don't let the idea of elitism get to you.Everybody has a right to the life they want.Human beings should not be judged as a success or failure based on whether they are a part of the elite or not.As long as you lead a happy and comfortable life，why bother to chase after other people's shadows？Choose your own life path and go for it.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇人物故事类阅读，属于夹叙夹议文，文章由美国新当选总统Trump的女儿Ivanka的“完美人生”引发思考，主要谈论了成为“精英”、过“精英生活”是否适合每个人。‎ ‎1．Why does Ivanka become a hit online?‎ A．She lives such a dream life that a million girls would like to kill her.‎ B．She together with her family is put under careful investigation.‎ C．She is a virtual role model frequently seen among ordinary people.‎ D．She gets what she has through personal efforts despite decent origin.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“she was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.But she got where she is by herself.”可知，她出生在富贵人家但靠自己奋斗达到现在的位置。故D正确。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Which of the following are considered as a life belonging to people of higher social rank?‎ ‎①Polish and post carefully-selected selfies on WeChat；‎ ‎②Break your neck to earn your first pot of gold；‎ ‎③Spare no expense to improve physical appearance；‎ ‎④Sign up for wine tasting classes and oversea trips；‎ A．①④ B．②④‎ C．②③ D．③④‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第六段提到现在媒体鼓吹“elitism精英主义”，并试图让年轻人相信“join the elites”的方式就是“invest an enormous amount of time and money in bodybuilding and appearance enhancement，even plastic surgery”以及“wine tasting classes and expensive trips overseas”．故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3．It can be inferred from the text that________．‎ A．Ivanka sleeping five hours a day makes the vast majority guilty.‎ B．Keeping a stable nine-to-five job will be thought of as a loser.‎ C．Being distinguished is a commonly advocated culture nowadays.‎ D．Improving the quality of life will promote one's social status.[来源:学|科|网]‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段第一句话“There is a tendency in media nowadays to encourage elitism.”可知，现在媒体有一种倾向：鼓励精英主义，故可知，过精英生活是现在普遍提倡的文化。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎4．Which attitude towards life would the writer probably agree with?‎ A．Life is like a dogsled team.If you aren't the lead dog，the scenery never changes.‎ B．There is only one success—to be able to spend your life in your own way.‎ C．Life consists not in holding good cards but in playing those you hold well.‎ D．The greatest lesson in life is to know that even fools are right sometimes.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“Don't let the idea of elitism get to you.Everybody has a right to the life they want.”以及“As long as you lead a happy and comfortable life，why bother to chase after other people's shadows？Choose your own life path and go for it.”可知，作者同意只有一种成功——能够以自己的方式度过自己的一生。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【七】记叙 Since Brandon was a kid，he has loved playing baseball.For him，baseball，was and still is his life and his impetus and drive for staying in school.‎ But as Brandon got older，he started making bad choices.He cut classes，hung out with the wrong friends and got suspended(被停学)often.His grandmother took care of the family and his mom worked 12-hour shifts at a car lot，doing everything she could to provide for the family.‎ Dr.Decmona Warren，a teacher of a Communities In Schools(CIS)，saw the signs but when she tried to help，Brandon wouldn't take it.“When I heard her call my name，I would nearly run away.”Brandon said later.‎ His GPA(平均成绩)fell to a 1.4 and Brandon was kicked out of the baseball team.He knew if he wanted to play baseball，he had to stop acting like that.Determined to become successful both on the field and in the classroom，Brandon decided to embrace the support from Communities In Schools.He turned to Dr.Warren，who welcomed him as a CIS student with open arms.From tutoring to parent-teacher conferences，he allowed Dr.Warren to become his“school mom”，and slowly，things started to turn around.‎ ‎“CIS of Atlanta has made a big difference in my life.This program has taught me to think before I act and make better choices in choosing friends.Before CIS it seemed like every week I was either out of school or in school suspension.Once when I was an honor student in middle school，I found myself failing miserably in almost all of my classes as a freshman in high school.But with the help of CIS I am now back on track，more focused and determined to do better in my academics and behavior.”‎ He's back on the team now playing in the Catcher position，with a 2.8 GPA.He is already looking at colleges for baseball scholarships.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文通过Brandon再次回到棒球队这一事实，告诉我们“自己的命运自己掌握”。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “impetus” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Need.　　　　 B．Excuse.‎ C．Thought. D．Motivation.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。Brandon是一个孩子的时候就喜欢打棒球。再根据第一段最后半句“drive for staying in school”。(推动着他留在学校里)，可知棒球是他的动力。根据句意可知选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What made Brandon decide to accept Dr.Warren's help?‎ A．His poor GPA.‎ B．Dr.Warren's enthusiasm for helping him.‎ C．His great devotion to playing baseball.‎ D．His poor performance when playing baseball.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“He knew if he wanted to play baseball，he had to stop acting like that.Determined to become successful both on the field and in the classroom，Brandon decided to embrace the support from Communities In Schools.He turned to Dr.Warren，who welcomed him as a CIS student with open arms.”可知是对棒球的热爱使Brandon决定接受Dr.Warren的帮助。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．It can be inferred from the passage that________．‎ A．one can never be too old to learn B．every man is the architect of his own future C．barking dogs seldom bite D．almost no man can do two things at once 解析：推理判断题。纵观全文，特别是根据倒数第二段最后一句“But with the help of CIS I am now back on track，more focused and determined to do better in my academics and behavior.”可推知自己的命运自己掌握，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎4．What may be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Brandon，a future baseball star B．Brandon，grateful to CIS for its financial support C．Brandon，the beast baseball player from CIS D．Brandon，back on the baseball team again 解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“His GPA(平均成绩)fell to a 1.4 and Brandon was kicked out of the baseball team.”再根据倒数第二段最后一句“But with the help of CIS I am now back on track，more focused and determined to do better in my academics and behavior.”可知D.Brandon，Back on the Baseball Team Again符合题意。‎ 答案：D ‎【八】议论 More students than ever before are taking a gap year (间隔年) before going to university.It used to be called the “year off” between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated (起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.‎ This year，25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next ‎ year，according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS)．‎ That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，” he said.‎ But not everyone is happy.Owain James，the president of the National Union of Students (NUS)，argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15，000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，” he said.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文提到大学的学费高使得很多大学生在上大学前要先去挣钱然后再上大学学习，这样的好处是让学生更珍惜大学的时光，更成熟更有责任感，但是也给人们带来了思考。‎ ‎5．What do we learn about the gap year from the text?‎ A．It is flexible in length.‎ B．It is a time for relaxation.‎ C．It is increasingly popular.‎ D．It is required by universities.‎ 解析：推理判断题。由短文第一段及第三段第一句话可知间隔年越来越受到欢迎，因此选C。‎ 答案：C ‎6．According to Tony Higgins，students taking a gap year________.[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]‎ A．are better prepared for college studies B．know a lot more about their future jobs C．are more likely to leave university in debt D．have a better chance to enter top universities 解析：细节理解题。由人名定位到短文第三段。第三段在说它的优点，有间隔年之后再去上大学，会让人更成熟更有责任感，对大学的学习有帮助。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎7．How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]‎ A．He's puzzled. B．He's worried.‎ C．He's surprised. D．He's annoyed.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段：“But not everyone is happy...”然后提到Owain，他说越来越多的学生会在gap ‎ year期间去挣大学的费用，体现了对此现象的担忧。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎8．What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?‎ A．Attend additional courses.‎ B．Make plans for the new term.‎ C．Earn money for their education.‎ D．Prepare for their graduate studies.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知：90%的学生要在假期挣学费。‎ 答案：C ‎【九】说明 ‎“Stop all the rushing and screaming：too much excitement is bad for families.Kids are missing out on an essential life-relaxed down time，”says Dr.Charlotte Reznick.‎ ‎“Parents work，and kids do scheduled activities—there's little family time without pressure，” says Reznick.“One parent is taking the son to a soccer game，and the other parent is taking the daughter to her swim meet.Then there's art class，baseball ‎ practice，extra tutoring，and more! By the time the family meet up for dinner，everyone is exhausted.”‎ All the rushing makes for a short temper.“When parents are reduced to shouting at their children to get them to listen，they lower their own self-esteem as well as losing the respect of their children，”says Dr.Carl Pickhardt.“While parents think it shows they're serious about what they're saying，they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.”‎ These days what kids are learning at school and from the outside is a lot greater than it used to be even just a generation ago.‎ ‎“The problem is that stress-relieving activities—reading，taking walks or hot baths，watching the sunset and other activities are not even part of most kids' experience any more，”says Reznick.‎ ‎“There are so many more social-interaction opportunities in our computer age，but not all of them promote meaningful connections，which is another potential outlet for stress，”she says.‎ One way to relieve stress is a simple technique called“the balloon breath”．It's a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react.‎ Here's how to do it.Imagine a deflated (来充气的) balloon in your stomach—about two to three inches below your navel (肚脐)．Slowly breathe in to a count of 1...2...3...and feel the lower belly expand，and flatten as you slowly breathe out to a count of 1...2...3...‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍几种家庭减压的做法，创造一个轻松愉快的和谐家庭环境，有利于孩子性格的培养。‎ ‎1．What can we infer from the second paragraph?‎ A．Kids can hardly enjoy family time due to heavy burdens.‎ B．Saturday is the only leisurely day of the week for kids.‎ C．The life of kids is becoming rich due to extra classes.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ D．Parents have no time on weekends to care for their kids.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据原文第二段中“there's little family time without pressure”可知答案选A。‎ 答案：A ‎2．What does Dr.Carl Pickhardt think of parents when they yell?‎ A．They have no self-confidence.‎ B．They take what they say seriously.[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ C．They are always behaving like children.‎ D．They are less respected and seem desperate.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据原文第三段中“they lower their own self-esteem as well as losing the repect of their children”和“they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way”可知答案选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3．What is the function of “the balloon breath” according to the seventh paragraph?‎ A．To make one cool down.‎ B．To test one's patience.‎ C．To raise one's awareness.‎ D．To fill a balloon with air.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据原文第七段中“It's a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react”可知选A。‎ 答案：A ‎4．What is the purpose of the author writing this passage?‎ A．To tell educators to be patient.‎ B．To advise parents not to make life too stressful for kids.‎ C．To encourage kids to pursue creativity.‎ D．To show that kids need patience and love from their parents.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。根据原文第一段中“stop all the rushing and screaming”(祈使句表示建议)以及下文内容可知作者表达的是建议，故答案选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【十】说明 China's largest search engine Baidu has said it will make its latest artificial intelligence (AI) technology accessible to developers and businesses as part of the company's latest move into AI，big data and cloud computing.‎ AI solution“Tianzhi”was launched at a cloud-computing summit held in Beijing Wednesday.It includes services in three fields：sensing technology，such as image and voice processing，machine learning，and deep learning，an advanced form of machine learning，said Zhang Yaqin，CEO of the Nasdaq-listed company，at the summit.‎ Developers can access facial or voice recognition，algorithms(演算法) for data analysis and projections，and deep learning applications，Zhang said，adding that the technology could help users innovate in their sectors.‎ ‎“With more devices connected to the cloud，enterprises will use cloud computing and AI more frequently，”said Wu Hequan，an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering，“Open_AI_technology_can_play_a_bigger_role.”‎ The company also revealed a plan to invest 10 billion yuan (1.45 billion U．S.dollars) in cloud computing in the next five years and establish an innovation center，which will serve 10 million enterprises.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了百度在AI方面的最新成果及其未来的一些计划。‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of Paragraph One?‎ A．Baidu will further develop its latest AI technology.‎ B．Baidu has attracted developers' and businesses' attention.‎ C．Users will be able to access Baidu's latest AI technology.‎ D．A company will move to AI，big data and cloud computing.‎ 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的“China's largest search engine Baidu has said it will make its latest artificial intelligence (AI) technology accessible to developers and businesses”(中国最大的搜索引擎百度说它将会使研发者与商业使用它最新的人工智能科技)可知本题答案为C选项。‎ 答案：C ‎2．“Tianzhi”includes services in the following fields EXCEPT________．‎ A．sensing technology　 B．voice processing C．machine learning D．deep learning 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知B选项的“声音处理”是包含在“遥感技术”之内的，其本身不属于一个领域，故本题答案为B选项。[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ 答案：B ‎3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph Four probably mean?‎ A．It's important for AI technology to be open.‎ B．AI technology is more important than the cloud.‎ C．People aren't aware of the importance of AI technology.‎ D．Enterprises will hardly benefit from open AI technology.‎ 解析：词意猜测题。根据前面的“With more devices connected to the cloud，enterprises will use cloud computing and AI more frequently”(随着更多的设备与云连接起来，企业将会更加频繁使用云计算与AI)可知本题答案为A选项。‎ 答案：A ‎4．What is Baidu's next move according to the last paragraph?‎ A．Reveal a plan to invest in cloud computing.‎ B．Invest 10 billion yuan to serve enterprises.‎ C．Get invested from enterprises in the next five years.[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]‎ D．Invest in computing and build an innovation center.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“The company also revealed a plan to invest 10 billion yuan (1.45 billion U．S.dollars) in cloud computing in the next five years and establish an innovation center”(该公司也透露了一项未来五年投资100亿元于云计算的计划并且建立一个创业中心)可知本题答案为D选项。‎ 答案：D 5. ‎【一】‎ Though many Internet celebrities try to shrug off their fame，Yan Mingliang，27，has dreamed of joining the Internet elite(精英) ever since he entered college.‎ However，luck didn't favor him.Instead，fame fell into the lap of his pet dog，Beiji.In early 2015，Yan used his microblog to post two pictures of Beiji lying on the ground，and they went_viral on social media.Because he took the photos at a strange angle，it almost looks like Beiji's body has fallen apart.‎ Finally，Yan got to experience what is like to be an Internet celebrity，or more accurately，the owner of an Internet celebrity dog.New followers started to flood in，and Yan received hundreds of private messages each day.In less than four weeks，Yan managed to attract more than 20，000 followers.“I am famous now.”Yan thought at that time.‎ However，fame didn't just bring joy，but also annoyance.Since Beiji was only 3 months old and Yan sometimes had to put him into a cage as a means of“education”，there were also private messages from followers who fiercely criticized Yan for being too cruel.‎ ‎“It gradually occurred to me that no matter how frankly you present yourself on social media，Internet users only witness part of your life.And their judgments depend on that partial life story of yours，”said Yan，“They don't know how hard it is to raise a pet dog ‎ when you're unemployed”，Yan explained.“They also don't care about whether the dog they're enjoying is being pushed too hard.”‎ Yan finally decided to leave his Internet fame behind and focus more on his real life.“The lesson I learned is that，if you can't live up to your followers' expectations，it's better not to be an Internet celebrity，”he said.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文讲述了由于自己的宠物狗而成名的闫明亮，在经历了兴奋与喜悦之后，剩下的更多的是烦恼，因此他最后决定放弃互联网所带来的名声，更多地去关注他的现实生活。‎ ‎5．The underlined phrase“went viral”in Paragraph 2 probably means________．‎ A．were exposed　　　 B．became widely-spread C．were criticized D．became viruses 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中“In early 2015，Yan used his microblog to post two pictures of Beiji lying on the ground.”(2015年初，Yan用微博发了两张Beiji 躺在地上的图片)以及下文他成了网络名人可知，此处应表示这两张图片在社交媒体上被广泛传播，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎6．Why did Yan become famous?[来源:学#科#网]‎ A．Because his dog became famous.‎ B．Because he posted two pictures on the Internet.‎ C．Because he took a strange picture.‎ D．Because he became an Internet celebrity.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，luck didn't favor him.Instead，fame fell into the lap of his pet dog，Beiji.”(然而，好运并没有眷顾他。相反，名气却落在了他的宠物狗上)可知，他的出名来源于他的宠物狗，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎7．How did Yan probably feel at first when he realized he became well-known?‎ A．Puzzled and annoyed.‎ B．Surprised and tired.‎ C．Disappointed and annoyed.‎ D．Excited and joyful.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yan Mingliang，27，has dreamed of joining the Internet elite(精英) ever since he entered college.”(闫明亮，27岁，自从上大学以来就梦想着加入互联网精英的行列)以及第四段“However，fame didn't just bring joy，but also annoyance”(然而，名气并不仅仅带来了快乐，也带来了烦恼)可知，刚开始成名时，给他带来的应是快乐，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎8．What can we infer from what Yan said in the last two paragraphs?‎ A．It is hard to raise a pet dog.‎ B．He isn't fully understood on the Internet.‎ C．He decided to stop making use of his microblog.‎ D．Internet celebrities can't satisfy their followers.‎ 解析：推理判断题。通读最后两段可知，这里主要讲述了Yan成名之后不被网友理解的烦恼，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【二】‎ Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina.We were there，as mental health professionals，to offer “psychological first aid”and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.As we walked in the gate to the shelter，we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met.I felt appreciated，but also guilty，because I hadn't really done anything yet.‎ I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend's mother passed away unexpectedly.I had received a call saying she had just passed away.I wanted to rush down there immediately，but didn't want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.Another friend with me then said，“Just go.Just be there.” I did，and I will never regret it.‎ Since then，I have not hesitated to be in the presence of ‎ others.Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying.He was not awake，and obviously unaware of others' presence.However，the atmosphere was by no means solemn．His family，playing guitars and singing，allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.‎ In my life，I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.In it，none of us are truly alone.It is not only something we give to others but also changes me for the better.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文中作者经过几次诸如出现在灾难现场、出现在失去亲人的朋友家里等体验，体会到“出现”产生的巨大力量。‎ ‎1．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?‎ A．He built shelters for them.‎ B．He gave immediate first aid to them.‎ C．He came to stay with them.‎ D．He brought mental health professionals.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“we were greeted with a burst of gratitude(感激)from the first person we met...I hadn't really done anything yet.”可知，我们只是和他们见面，并没有做什么，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What did the author do when his friend's mother passed away?‎ A．He hesitated over whether to go.‎ B．He went to his friends' at once.‎ C．He knew what to do instantly.‎ D．He decided not to disturb.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“I wanted to rush down there immediately，but didn't want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.”可知，作者犹豫不知是否要去，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎3．What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Heavy but warm.‎ B．A little sad but cosy.‎ C．Relaxing and delightful.‎ D．Very serious and unhappy.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中“His family，playing guitars and singing，allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.”可知，当时气氛并不严肃，故选D。‎ 答案：D[来源:学科网]‎ ‎4．What has the author learned from his experience?‎ A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ B．Being present can make a big difference.‎ C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.‎ D．Being a volunteer can make one's life more significant.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“In my life，I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.”可知，每次的出现都会产生很大的影响，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【三】说明 Melbourne，Australia Melbourne is a hot-spot travel destination，and it's easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.‎ Why it's a great choice：Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel，and because of that，many solo travelers go there.As an English-speaking country，you won't be faced with any language barriers.Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!‎ Thailand Thailand is great for solo travelers—perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets，which promote equality among the sexes.‎ Why it's a great choice：Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere，and as a travel hot-spot，there are plenty of chances to meet other like-minded travelers.It is well known for being very ‎ cheap，especially in the north.It is a good choice if you want to get away on a budget.Thailand has a lot to offer，from the party-central Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical(热带)jungle.‎ Hong Kong，China Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen moments”，such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes.‎ Why it's a great choice：Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world.If you're not well-traveled，or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers，Hong Kong is a great place to start，as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.‎ Bali，Indonesia Bali is a spiritual place with yoga，spas，healthy food and beaches.The combination of friendly people and splendidly visual culture has made Bali Indonesia number one tourist attraction.‎ Why it's so great：You won't be the only solo traveler in Bali.Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you're sure to meet some amazing characters along the way.As a Hindu island，Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat(静修)．The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic—if you like monkeys，anyway.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这篇短文主要介绍了墨尔本、泰国、香港和巴厘岛四个旅游景点的旅行特色。‎ ‎5．What do the four places have in common according to the text?‎ A．They offer good spas and yoga.‎ B．There're no language barriers.‎ C．They're great for solo travelers.‎ D．They're cheap to travel around.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Melbourne，Australia文段中“...and because of that，many solo travelers go there.”，Thailand文段中Thailand “is great for solo travelers”，Hong Kong文段中“...is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of‘Zen moments’”和Bali，Indonesia文段中“...You won't be the only solo traveler in Bali.”可知这四个地方的共同之处是都适合个人独自旅行。故选C。[来源:学科网]‎ 答案：C ‎6．Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?‎ A．Melbourne，Australia.　 B．Thailand.‎ C．Hong Kong，China. D．Bali，Indonesia.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Melbourne，Australia文段中“...easy to see its beautiful beaches...easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere”可知在澳大利亚的墨尔本既能看到美丽的海滩，又能享受到自由方便的出行。故选A。‎ 答案：A[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎7．What has made Bali Indonesia No.1 tourist attraction?‎ A．Yoga，spas，healthy food and beaches.‎ B．Meeting some amazing characters along the way.‎ C．Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred Monkey Forest.‎ D．Friendly people and splendidly visual culture.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Bali，Indonesia文段中“The combination of friendly people and splendidly visual culture has made Bali Indonesia number one tourist attraction.”可知使巴厘岛成为第一旅行景点的是因为当地友好的人民以及华丽的观光文化。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎【四】说明 Dear Xiaoxue，‎ We are looking forward to meeting you in a few weeks!‎ Training for all students is compulsory and starts on Monday，6 February—all the details including what to expect are below.‎ Training Monday，6 February to Friday，24 February ‎9：00 am—3：00 pm Building 41，Room 104‎ Key points to highlight On Monday，6 February，you will be given a workbook and timetable for the next 3 weeks.‎ On Tuesday，7 February，you will be in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory and will need to wear the correct footwear.Please click_here to see what is appropriate footwear.You also need to be bare below the elbow (肘) just as you would if working in a clinical setting with comfortable clothes—a short sleeve top is recommended.‎ There is no face-to-face learning on 8，17，23 or 24 February.These days are set aside for self-directed learning in your workbook.‎ It is compulsory that you attend all sessions and pass the OSCE (clinical examination in week 3)in order to complete the curriculum.‎ You can bring food or purchase it from one of the many shops on campus.There are several microwaves and student facilities located on campus.‎ Department of Science，Medicine Health Training Thursday，23 February ‎9：30 am—12：00 pm Building 67，McKinnon Foyer This training is for all students studying in the Department of Science，Medicine Health.It is an opportunity to meet other students studying as well as staff and each student will receive a welcome pack and there will be activities and lots of fun.‎ We're here to help！If you have any questions please contact the Program Coordinator Ms Jo-Anne Gray on (02)4221 5124 or jgray@uow.edu.au We're looking forward to meeting you on 16 February!‎ Kind regards，‎ Faculty of Science，Medicine Health ‎【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文阅读，是一封向我们介绍两项培训课程的信，说明了培训时间和地点，培训要求和内容以及需要注意的事项等。‎ ‎1．When will students study by themselves?‎ A．On 6 February.　　　 B．On 16 February.‎ C．On 8 February. D．On 18 February.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章“There is no face-to-face learning on 8，17，23 or 24 February.These days are set aside for self-directed learning in your workbook”可知2月8日、17日、23日、24日被留给学生自主学习，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What are students supposed to do in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory?‎ A．Put on hats. B．Wear suitable shoes.‎ C．Wear long shirts. D．Roll up sleeves.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章“On Tuesday，7 February，you will be in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory and will need to wear the correct footwear”可知学生应该在护理临床实验室穿合适的鞋子，‎ 故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．Which of the following is true of the key points?‎ A．You should bring food to school.‎ B．You had better attend all sessions.‎ C．You will get your notebook in 3 weeks.‎ D．You must pass the OSCE exam to finish the course.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章“It is compulsory that you attend all sessions and pass the OSCE (clinical examination in week 3)in order to complete the curriculum”可知你必须通过欧安组织考试才能完成这门课程，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．What can we know about training of 23 February?‎ A．You must take part in many activities.‎ B．You can be trained how to be a good nurse.‎ C．You may have a chance to meet some teachers.‎ D．You may receive a welcome pack from other students.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章“It is an opportunity to meet other students studying as well as staff and each student will receive a welcome pack and there will be activities and lots of fun”可知参加二月的训练你可能有机会见到一些老师，故选C。‎ 答案：C[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]‎ ‎【五】说明 At this year's Technology Forum，speakers include world-famous people，such as Steve Wozniak，co-founder of Apple Computer，and lesser-known individuals with great ideas to change the world.One of the latter is Jonny Cohen，a high school senior，green businessman and creator of Green Shields.‎ Since Cohen was a child，he has been innovating and inventing.When he was 12 and took science classes at Northwestern University，he saw a school bus and had an idea：what if the shape of school bus was improved to make it more fuel efficient？This would greatly reduce the amount of pollution it produced.He set about making a wind tunnel in his parents' garage and placed small metal plates or shields on toy school buses to test them.The result：his shields redirected the airflow over and around the bus，decreased wind drag，and produced better fuel economy and less pollution.‎ Cohen went through various experiments to improve his Green Shields invention.With the help of MIT and Cook-Illinois Bus Company，which donated a full-sized bus for Cohen's experiments，he now has a shield model that is inexpensive and easy to attach，enabling widespread adoption.‎ How much of an impact can these shields have on climate change？Fuel consumption for the average US school bus is seven miles per gallon.Green Shields increases fuel efficiency by 10-20%，saving about 600 per bus per year，and costs only 30 to attach.Cohen ‎ and his partners are now trying to persuade the government to put Green Shields on all school buses.‎ With almost half-a-million school buses in America using nearly 2.5 billion of fuel per year，a consumption reduction of 10-20% would make a big difference in pollution.Not to mention the roughly 285 million in annual savings on fuel.[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文阅读，主要向我们分享了今年的技术论坛讲者Jonny Cohen的个人经历。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about Jonny Cohen from the text?[来源:学.科.网]‎ A．He has produced Green Shields independently.‎ B．He has been employed to improve school buses.‎ C．He is a world-famous businessman and inventor.‎ D．He has a talent for finding and solving problems.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“what if the shape of school bus was improved to make it more fuel efficient？This would greatly reduce the amount of pollution it produced.He set about making a wind tunnel in his parents' garage and placed small metal plates or shields on toy school buses to test them”可知他有发现问题和解决问题的天赋，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎6．How does Green Shields make a bus more fuel efficient?‎ A．By reducing the amount of wind drag.‎ B．By improving the quality of fuel used.[来源:学*科*网]‎ C．By providing a wind tunnel for the bus.‎ D．By changing the shape of the bus engine.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The result：his shields redirected the airflow over and around the bus，decreased wind drag，and produced better fuel economy and less pollution”可知通过减少风阻力能让汽车更省油，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎7．Where did Cohen begin testing his shields?‎ A．At Northwestern University.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ B．In his parents' garage.‎ C．At a local bus company.‎ D．In an MIT lab.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“He set about making a wind tunnel in his parents' garage and placed small metal plates or shields on toy school buses to test them”可知他在他父母的车库测试他的盾牌，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎8．What's the intended benefit of Cohen's invention?‎ A．To provide school buses with cheaper fuel.‎ B．To reduce the cost of producing school buses.‎ C．To increase the profits of the school bus industry.‎ D．To make school buses more environment-friendly.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With almost half-a-million school buses in America using nearly 2.5 billion of fuel per year，a consumption reduction of 10-20% would make a big difference in pollution”可知科恩发明的预期好处是使校车更环保，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎【六】记叙 Andy rode slowly on his way to school，day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him.He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.‎ He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present.He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens.What he saw shocked and terrified him.A huge swarm of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him.‎ With no time to waste，Andy sped off in the opposite direction，riding furiously—but without knowing how to escape the swarm.With a rapidly beating heart and his legs pumping furiously，he sped down the rough road.As the bees came closer，his panic increased.Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings(蜇)．The last sting had landed him in hospital—and that was only one bee sting!‎ ‎ He had been forced to stay in bed for two whole days.Suddenly，his father's words came to him.“When you are in a tight situation，don't panic.Use your brain and think your way out of it.”‎ On a nearby hill，he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home.“Bees don't like smoke，”he thought.“They couldn't get into the house.”Andy raced towards the Nelson house，but the bees were gaining ground.Andy knew he could not reach the house in time.He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon.‎ Suddenly，out of the corner of his eyes，he spotted a small dam used by Mr.Nelson to irrigate his vegetable garden.Off his bike and into the cool water he dived，disappearing below the surface and away from the savage insects.After holding his breath for as long as he could，Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone.Dragging himself out of the dam，he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell.Mrs.Nelson took him inside and rang his mother.‎ ‎“You'll really need that fishing break to help you recover，”laughed his mother with relief.“Thank goodness you didn't panic！”But Andy did not hear her.He was dreaming once again of the fish he would catch tomorrow.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文讲述了主人公Andy在上学途中遭遇蜂群攻击，急中生智，躲入水中避险成功的故事。‎ ‎1．Why did Andy fail to notice the swarm of bees earlier?‎ A．He was riding to school.‎ B．He was listening to a strange sound.‎ C．He was going fishing with his father.‎ D．He was lost in the thought of the fishing trip.‎ 解析：细节理解题。第一段最后一句“He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.”可见，Andy正忙于做抓鱼的白日梦，没有意识到他周围的事情。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the swarm of bees in the passage?‎ A．They crowded like a black cloud.‎ B．They shocked and terrified Andy.‎ C．They tried to attack Andy in a mass.‎ D．They made Andy stay in hospital for two days.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段第五句和第六句话可知文中所述是Andy上次被蜜蜂蜇过一次后进了医院住了两天，D选项偷换了概念，故D选项文章并未提到。‎ 答案：D ‎3．How did Andy avoid the bees in the end?‎ A．He rode off in the opposite direction.‎ B．He asked Mr.Nelson for help.[来源:学科网]‎ C．He hid himself under the water.‎ D．He rushed into the Nelson house.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第五段中“Off his bike and into the cool water he dived，disappearing below the surface and away from the savage insects.After holding his breath for as long as he could，Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone.”可知Andy下了车潜入了水中，躲开了蜂群，在屏息了尽可能长的时间后出来发现蜜蜂已经飞走了。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎4．Which of the following can best describe Andy's escape from the bees?‎ A．No pains，no gains.‎ B．In time of danger，one's mind works fast.‎ C．Once bitten，twice shy.‎ D．Where there is a will，there is a way.‎ 解析：态度观点题。根据文章最后一段的第二句，Andy的妈妈说道：“Thank goodness you didn't panic”(谢天谢地你没有慌神)，可知情急之下Andy仍然成功想到办法脱险，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【七】记叙 My wife，daughter，and I moved into our home nine years ago and we spent a lot of time and energy in the yard to get it looking like it does today.We live on a corner，higher than street level，and the entire side of the yard is surrounded by a professionally built rock wall.The front of the house though is another story because instead of a wall along the sidewalk，the rocks appear to be just thrown up onto the dirt as if someone were in a hurry to finish.‎ We did the best we could with what we had to work with and called this area our “rock garden”．Whenever we had leftover flowers or plants，Denise or I would stick them out front，just to bring some color to the area.We would do all of the yard work on our own，even the tiring weed-pulling.‎ Last summer I had reached the end of the rock garden and found a tiny little plant that I could not immediately identify，I knew I didn't plant it and Denise claimed that she didn't either.We decided to let it continue growing until we could figure out what it was.‎ Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the mystery plant，it appeared to be a sunflower with a tall skinny stalk(茎，杆) and only one head on it.I decided to baby it along and weed around it.As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds，I noticed something unusual.The sunflower had not started where I saw the stalk begin.It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the sun.‎ That's when I realized that if a tiny little sunflower didn't let a big rock stand in its way of developing，we too have the ability of doing the same thing.Once our environment begins to see that we ‎ believe in ourselves like that little sunflower，we can attain the same nourishment(营养) and growth as well.‎ Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud of who and what you are and the environment will begin to support you.You will find a way to go under or around your big obstacle in order to reach your desires.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　我的妻子、女儿和我九年前搬到我们现在的家，我们花了很多时间和精力整理院子，本文以此展开，主要讲述了一株向日葵从大岩石下努力地钻出来，及我由此产生的感悟。‎ ‎1．Why is the front of the house another story according to the author?‎ A．The workers finished it in a hurry.‎ B．There is a wall along the sidewalk.‎ C．The family view it as a rock garden.‎ D．The rocks are piled there at random.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The front of the house though is another story because instead of a wall along the sidewalk，the rocks appear to be just thrown up onto the dirt as if someone were in a hurry to finish.”可知，岩石随机堆放在那里，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．The author found it unusual that________．‎ A．the sunflower grew under and around a big rock B．the sunflower had a tall stalk and only one head C．the mystery plant turned out to be a sunflower D．a rock stood in the way of the flower's growth 解析：细节理解题。根据“I noticed something unusual.The sunflower had not started where I saw the stalk begin.It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the sun.”可知，向日葵从一个大岩石下长出来了，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎3．Which of the following best describes the sunflower?‎ A．Brave and stubborn.[来源:学科网]‎ B．Confident and persistent.‎ C．Optimistic and modest.‎ D．Mysterious and devoted.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容描述，尤其是“Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud of who and what you are and the environment will begin to support you.You will find a way to go under or around your big obstacle in order to reach your desires.”可知，向日葵是自信的，乐观的，积极的。故B最恰当。‎ 答案：B ‎【八】说明 As a Chinese saying goes，“Taste is actually a memory of ‎ childhood”．Local specialty food may not be popular among all people，but it offers outsiders a glimpse of local culture and history.‎ Gongcheng “oil tea” is such a kind of food that would be considered“weird”by many first-time visitors to the remote county in the north of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Many people dislike its bitter and astringent(涩的) flavor when they take a sip.‎ ‎“It felt like drinking Chinese herbal medicine.I never expected that I would gradually accept it afterwards，and even become addicted to it，”said a traveler surnamed Zhang who comes from Shijiazhuang in northern China's Hebei Province.‎ Langshan village is said to be the birthplace of Gongcheng “oil tea” whose ideal ingredients are green tea and fermented tea.The village has preserved well its buildings and roads dating back to late Qing Dynasty ，as well as its traditional way of making the special tea.‎ Lin Fengyou，60，introduced the cooking process.She looks younger than her age，and attributes this to the benefits of drinking “oil tea” throughout the year.‎ The first procedure is to use a wooden hammer to pound the tea while heating it in an iron pot，and then add edible oil and boiled water afterwards.She filters off the solid residues(余渣)，and pours the glue-like green tea soup into bowls.Then，she adds salt，caraway seed，green onion，dried rice，fried groundnuts，sliced taro and fried beans.‎ The taste of the “oil tea” is a mixture of the distinctive flavors of all its ingredients.Local people usually eat it together with glutinous rice(糯米) balls，rice dumplings and glutinous rice cake.‎ The villagers consume “oil tea” three times a day.The tea soup is a healthy and refreshing food.“The tea soup to us is coffee to Westerners”，said Lin.“But it is tastier.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了恭城油茶的口味，制作工序等，并告诉我们长期饮用该茶，对身体健康有益。‎ ‎4．Many first-time visitors may find “oil tea”________when taking a sip.‎ A．popular　　　　 B．strange C．addicted D．beneficial 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Gongcheng “oil tea” is such a kind of food that would be considered“weird”by many first-time visitors to the remote county in the north of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region”可知，许多第一次尝到油茶的人都认为它很奇怪，weird 意为“奇怪的”，与 strange 意思相符。故正确答案为B。‎ 答案：B ‎5．What can we learn about Lin Fengyou according to the passage?‎ A．She never expected that she would gradually accept“oil tea”．‎ B．She is one of the reasons why the special tea has been preserved.‎ C．She thinks drinking“oil tea”throughout the year makes her look younger.‎ D．She drinks“oil tea”three times every day and considers coffee tastier.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“She looks younger than her age，and attributes this to the benefits of drinking“oil tea”throughout the year”可知，林凤友把她看起来年轻归功于常年喝油茶，C项符合题意。A项，根据第三段第二句“I never expected that I would gradually accept it afterwards”可知，一个张姓游客说“我”从没想过“我”能适应油茶，而不是林凤友说的，A项错误。B项，文章未提及。D项，根据最后一段最后一句“The tea soup to us is coffee to Westerners”，said Lin.“But it is tastier”可知，林凤友认为油茶更美味，D项错误。故正确答案为C。‎ 答案：C ‎6．Which is the correct order of cooking “oil tea” according to Lin Fengyou?‎ a．pour the glue-like green tea soup into bowls b．heat the tea in an iron pot and pound the tea c．add salt，caraway seed，green onion，dried rice，etc d．add edible oil and boiled water e．filter off the solid residues A．b→d→e→a→c B．d→b→a→c→e C．a→c→e→b→d D．b→e→a→d→c 解析：细节理解题。由第六段可知，做油茶的顺序是：第一步把茶叶放进铁罐里加热并击打茶叶，第二步添加食用油和开水，第三步滤出固体残留物，第四步把胶状的绿茶汤倒进碗里，第五步加入盐、香菜、干米饭，等等。A项符合文意，故正确答案为A。‎ 答案：A ‎7．Which column is this passage probably taken from?‎ A．Culture Education. B．Entertainment.‎ C．Health. D．Travel.‎ 解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲了恭城油茶的口味，制作工序等，文章多次提到去恭城旅游的游客，故推断可能出现在旅游栏目下，D项符合题意。‎ 答案：D ‎【九】‎ Waiting For You Harvard Art Museums，32 Quincy Street Cambridge MA ‎(1)Art Study Center Open Hours[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]‎ Through December 21，the Art Study Center will hold special open hours on Mondays，from 1 pm to 4 pm.The Art Study Center is ‎ located on Level 4.Please be prepared to present a photo ID.The workers will charge you 25 cents for access.Level 4 will check bags，coats，umbrellas，and any food or drink.Do remember to put things in the lockers on Level 1.‎ ‎(2)Student Guide Tour These tours，designed and led by Harvard students from a range of scientific groups，focus on animals and plant life.They provide visitors a unique view into learning about creatures.Please meet in the Calderwood Courtyard，in front of the digital screens between the shop and the admissions desk.Free with museums admission.Tours are limited to 15 people；no registration required.Tours are offered every Tuesday and Friday at 2 pm，and every Saturday and Sunday at 3 pm.Note that there will be no tours on Friday，November 27 or Saturday，November 28，because of the Thanksgiving break.‎ ‎(3)Art Study Center The public is welcome to visit the museums'Art Study Center.However，you need to show the tickets.The tickets' details：‎ ‎$15 Adults ‎$13 Seniors (65＋)‎ ‎$10 Non-Harvard students (18＋)‎ Free Harvard faculty，students，and staff (plus one guest)‎ Free Youth under 18‎ Free Cambridge residents (proof of residency required)‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了哈佛大学艺术研究中心的开放时间、学生导游以及票务等相关信息。‎ ‎1．What should the visitors know about the activities?‎ A．Any adult needs a $15 ticket to visit the Art Study Center.‎ B．Visitors can join the Student Guide Tour on Sunday mornings.‎ C．Any Harvard staff can visit the Art Study Center with a friend for free.‎ D．A group of 20 visitors should gather together to join the Student Guide Tour.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三部分中的“Free Harvard faculty，students，and staff (plus one guest)”可知Harvard大学的工作人员可以带一个人免费参观艺术研究中心，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．Which information can be found in the text?‎ A．One can take hotdogs to Level 4.‎ B．No ticket is required for the Student Guide Tour.‎ C．The Art Study Center needs registration.‎ D．The Art Study Center will hold special open hours on Tuesday and Friday at 2 pm.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“Free with museums admission.Tours are limited to 15 people；no registration required.”可知学生导游游览是免费的，不需要注册费用，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．The Student Guide Tour might be led by students good at________．‎ A．art B．science C．literature D．politics 解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“These tours，designed and led by Harvard students from a range of scientific groups，focus on animals and plant life.”可知学生导游需要擅长动物和植物等相关的科学知识，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【十】说明 Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.However，whether you are on the mountains，in the waves，or on the grassland，you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.‎ Some sports are resource-hungry.Golf，as you may know，eats up not only large areas of countryside，but also tons of water.Besides，all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场)in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example，in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain，golf is ‎ often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.‎ There are many environment-friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You don't need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse.Simple and free，power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk regularly，it will be good for your heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious，sleep well and have better weight control.‎ Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms”．They are better replacements(代替物)for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers.Members of green gyms play sports outdoors，in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all，it's free.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章简述了一些对资源耗费较多的运动如高尔夫，也讲述了一些不怎么耗费资源的运动如power walking。文章的主旨就是为了让我们多做绿色运动。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?‎ A．Playing basketball in a gym.‎ B．Motor racing in the desert.‎ C．Cycling around a lake.‎ D．Swimming in a sports center.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be‘green gyms’”．可知作者主张绿色运动。C项耗费能源少属于绿色运动，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What do we know about golf from the passage?‎ A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain.‎ B．It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.‎ C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.‎ D．It causes water shortages around the world.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Besides，all sorts of chemical and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example，in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain，golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.”可知高尔夫运动耗费的资源很多。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．The author uses power walking as an example mainly because________．‎ A．it uses fewer resources B．it improves our health C．it is an outdoor sport D．it is recommended by experts 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“There are many environment-friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You don't need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes；and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse.”可知这是一些耗费资源很少的运动，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎4．The author writes the passage to________．‎ A．show us the function of major sports B．encourage us to go in for green sports C．discuss the major influence of popular sports D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports 解析：推理判断题。文章中简述了一些对资源耗费较多的运动如高尔夫，也讲述了一些不怎么耗费资源的运动如power walking。文章的主旨就是为了让我们多做绿色运动。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【一】记叙 Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship(学徒期) as a union painter ‎ and dry waller(筑墙工)．On Friday morning，she was thanking God she had it．‎ On Thursday night，while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter，nephew and two nieces in her sister's apartment，she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire.When her 4-year-old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying，“We're going to die，”she knew she had to act.Pina，39，first sealed the door，and then told all four children to get on the floor.After calling 911，she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety.“I said，‘OK，we're going to lie down and we're all going to play a game，’”Pina said.“We all started singing our ABCs and 123s.I was just trying to make it fun.”Pina patiently waited，and a few minutes later，Riverside County sheriff's deputies (治安官的助手) arrived.Pina，Ilean，8-year-old Gabriel Parga，5-year-old Aubreyana Parga and 4-year-old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story.Pina did the only thing she could.She opened the window and dropped the children，one-by-one，into the arms of the sheriff's deputies about 15 to 20 feet below.“I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn't be afraid，”Pina said.“I was deathly afraid inside，but I couldn't let them know that.”Not long after dropping the children out of the window，fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her.Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke，but nobody was seriously injured.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文叙述了主人翁Lisa ‎ Pina利用自己在火灾安全培训中学到的知识，在大火中成功营救了多个孩子。‎ ‎5．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．A big fire without serious injury.‎ B．An urgent call 911.‎ C．A brave babysitter.‎ D．A babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。通览全文可知，本文叙述了主人翁Lisa Pina利用自己在火灾安全培训中学到的知识，在大火中成功营救了多个孩子。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎6．What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A．A union painter.‎ B．A dry waller.‎ C．The apprenticeship.[来源:学&科&网]‎ D．The fire safety training.‎ 解析：推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，幸亏她学了些火灾安全知识，才能够营救那么多孩子。故it代指the fire safety training。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎7．What did Lisa Pina do before she called 911，in order to ‎ prevent the fire?‎ A．She let children get on the floor.[来源:学&科&网]‎ B．She opened the windows of the second floor.‎ C．She had children start singing.‎ D．She closed the door hard.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Pina，39，first sealed the door，and then told all four children to get on the floor.After calling 911”可知，在拨打911前，Lisa Pina先把门封住。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎8．What do we know according to the passage?‎ A．The fire didn't cause any injury.‎ B．Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued.‎ C．The children were sent to hospital after the fire.‎ D．During the fire Lisa Pina wasn't afraid at all.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Not long after dropping the children out of the window，fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her”一句可知，Lisa Pina是最后一个被从火灾中救出来的。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【2】说明 The poaching(偷猎)，or illegal killing of rhinos(犀牛) in South Africa is growing worse each year.The government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2015，a year which had more rhino killings in South Africa than ever before.‎ The World Wildlife Fund，or WWF，says about 20，000 rhinos live in South Africa.That is more than 80 percent of the rhinos in the world.Edna Molewa，South Africa's Environment Minister，says，“During 2015，we are sad to say this，1，215 rhinos were killed.This is a rise in the number of poached rhinos from 1，004 in 2014 and indeed very worrying.”‎ The animals are hunted for their horns(角)．Many people in Asia believe the horn has curing power，which drives poachers，at all costs，mad for more horns.But there is no scientific evidence for this belief.The horn is made of keratin(角蛋白)．That is the same thing as human hair，fingernails and toenails.‎ Ms.Molewa said 386 suspected poachers were arrested last year，an increase from the year before.But rhino protection workers say poachers often go unpunished after arrest.South Africa's legal system is ineffective.Ms.Molewa said more needs to be done and South Africa is taking strong measures to protect rhinos.The efforts include moving some of the animals to secret places in neighboring countries.“Now approximately 100 rhinos have been moved to neighboring states in the SADC region during 2015 and 200 more rhinos will be moved this year，”Molewa said.‎ Jo Shaw，the rhino program manager at the WWF，said，“‎ We're talking about a loss of a hundred rhinos a month，or more than three a day.We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally.”She says officials should find the criminal groups responsible for the poaching and punish them.Government officials are to meet in Botswana in March at the Intergovernmental Conference on Illegal Wildlife Trade.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　南非偷猎犀牛的情况变得越来越严重，偷猎者偷猎犀牛是为了卖它们的角赚钱。保护犀牛不仅需要全国的合作，也需要国际的合作。‎ ‎1．According to Paragraph 2，we know________．‎ A．Half of rhinos live in South Africa.‎ B．Less than 1，000 rhinos were killed in 2014.‎ C．The killing in 2015 was more than that in 2014.‎ D．There are only 20，000 rhinos left in the world.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“During 2015，we are sad to say this，1，215 rhinos were killed.This is a rise in the number of poached rhinos from 1，004 in 2014 and indeed very worrying.”可知2015年犀牛被捕杀情况比2014年更严重，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What is the main reason for people to hunt rhinos? ‎ A．To get more keratin.‎ B．To protect the farmland.‎ C．To use them for decoration.‎ D．To make money from horns.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“The animals are hunted for their horns(角)．Many people in Asia believe the horn has curing power，which drives poachers，at all costs，mad for more horns.”可知犀牛被猎杀是因为它们的角。很多人认为犀牛角有治病的功能，这驱使偷猎者不惜任何代价去获得更多的犀牛角，据此推断，偷猎者猎杀犀牛是为了卖犀牛角从而获得金钱。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3．Jo Shaw thinks that________．‎ A．many criminal groups are well organized ‎ B．new laws are needed to punish the killers ‎ C．rhino protection needs international cooperation ‎ D．conferences about protecting rhinos are to be held every year ‎ 解析：细节推理题。根据文章最后一段中“We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally.”可知Jo Shaw认为保护犀牛不仅需要全国的合作，也需要国际的合作，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎4．What can we infer from the text? ‎ A．Rhino protection has a long way to go.‎ B．No one would like to buy horns in the future.‎ C．The illegal killing of rhinos will soon disappear.‎ D．Rhinos living in South Africa will move to other countries.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据整篇文章的描述可知，目前犀牛被猎杀的情况很严重，而且文中提到保护犀牛需要国际的合作，因此保护犀牛任重道远。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎【】说明 Teens For Planet Earth This is a social networking site for teenagers who want to get involved in protecting our planet.They can connect with other green-minded teens，choose a project or create their own.Teens For Planet Earth encourages young folks to get busy in their own communities.They offer guidance on local projects with categories such as habitats，animals，water and education.Awards are given to active members.‎ Meez At Meez，teens can create their own avatars(头像)，rooms and virtual pets.It is a social community of creative people that combines avatars，virtual worlds and games.Meez offers contests and chat as well as homework help，a fashion central and a writers' corner.A chat area for younger teens is available.Other areas are music，geek(极客)central，art and sports.‎ Cyberteens Cyberteens is another cool site that celebrates the teen years.Here teenagers can find community，games，and news.There is a link called“creativity”where teens can share their poems，stories，photos and artwork.The“cool links”section offers a huge variety of options to the curious teens.This site also has surveys and helps with jobs and school work.‎ Student.com Student.com is a resource site for teens and high school students.Its social network has over 900，000 members.Members earn points to win prizes just by browsing and they offer several multi-player games.Points are used to buy items at auction(拍卖会)．Student.com is filled with useful information and articles.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个在社会生活方面提供给年轻人各种帮助的网站。‎ ‎1．What is Teens For Planet Earth aimed to?‎ A．Set up a project.‎ B．Give awards to teens.‎ C．Get young folks busy.‎ D．Give advice on local projects.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中 “They offer guidance on local projects with categories such as habitats，animals，water and education.”可知，他们对部分项目提供指导，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Which website offers assistance in jobs?‎ A．Teens For Planet Earth. B．Meez.‎ C．Cyberteens. D．Student.com.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“This site also has surveys and helps with jobs and school work.”可知，这个网站对工作和学业提供帮助，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎3．What makes Student.com special among these websites?‎ A．It has the most members.‎ B．Teens can read articles on it.‎ C．It offers help on school work.‎ D．Teens can make purchases on it.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Points are used to buy items at auction (拍卖会)”。可知，这个网站的点数可以被用来买东西，故选D。 ‎ 答案：D ‎4．What can we infer about the websites mentioned in the text?‎ A．They provide game platforms.‎ B．They benefit teens in their social life.‎ C．They award outstanding teens.‎ D．They offer various study guidance.‎ 解析：细节理解题。结合全文，四个网站都是在社会生活方面给年轻人帮助，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【】说明 Researchers with the University of Cambridge say they have the first real evidence of a new state of matter，some 40 years after it was first theorized.‎ Known as “quantum spin liquid(量子旋转水)”，the matter state causes normally unbreakable electrons to break into pieces called“Majorana fermions.”These fermions are an important discovery.Physicists believe the material is vital to further develop quantum computing.Computers employing Majorana fermions would be able to carry out calculations beyond the scale of modern computers quickly，they say.‎ Quantum spin liquid explains some of the eccentric behaviors inside magnetic(磁性的)materials.In these materials，the electrons should behave like small bar magnets，all adjusting towards magnetic north when a material is cooled.But not all magnetic materials do this-if the material contains quantum spin liquid，the electrons don't all line up and become involved.‎ ‎“Until recently，we didn't even know what the experimental fingerprints of a quantum spin liquid would look like，”researcher ‎ Dr.Dmitry Kovrizhin says.“That created a challenge for the researchers，so they decided to employ neutron scattering(神经扫描)techniques to look for evidence of break”．What they found surprised them.The features matched nearly exactly with quantum spin liquid models theorized by physicist Phil Anderson in 1973.The results of their breakthrough were then published in the scientific journal Nature Materials on Monday.‎ Don't get too excited just yet on its applications，though.Kovirzhin's work is only the beginning and as we've seen with quantum computing there is a lot of work to be done.But it's still exciting regardless.‎ ‎“It's an important step for our understanding of quantum matter，”Kovrizhin says.“It's fun to have another new quantum state that we've never seen before-it presents us with new possibilities to try new things.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了量子计算发展中的一个重大发现——量子旋转水，这种物质是发展量子计算的关键一环，能够解释磁性物质内部的活动。这个发现让专家们都对量子计算的未来充满信心。‎ ‎1．What can we learn，about“Majorana fermion”according to Paragraph 2?‎ A．It is an important discovery 40 years ago.‎ B．It is a surprising theory raised by Phil Anderson.‎ C．It is a key piece in developing quantum computer.‎ D．It is an unbreakable electrons employing computer.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Physicists believe the material is vital to further develop quantum computing.”可知，物理学家认为马约拉纳费米子是发展量子计算关键的一部分，故C项正确。‎ 答案：C ‎2．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “eccentric” in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Strange.　　　　　 B．Complex.‎ C．Permanent. D．Obvious.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In these materials，the electrons should behave like small bar magnets，all adjusting towards magnetic north when a material is cooled.But not all magnetic materials do this-if the material contains quantum spin liquid，the electrons don't all line up and become involved.”可知，在磁性物质中，电子应该像磁条一样在物质冷却的时候全都指向北极，但不是所有的磁性材料都这样，如果这些材料中包含量子旋转水，电子不会有这种行为，量子旋转水能够解释这一奇怪的磁性物质内部活动，故A项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎3．How did the researchers make the breakthrough?‎ A．By adjusting magnetic materials.‎ B．By using neutron scattering techniques.‎ C．By repeating maths calculations.‎ D．By changing electronic structure.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“That created a challenge for the researchers，so they decided to employ neutron scattering techniques to look for evidence of break.What they found surprised them.”可知，研究人员是通过神经扫描技术取得重大突破的，故B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎4．What is the author's tone about the future of quantum matter?‎ A．Negative. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Indifferent. D．Optimistic.‎ 解析：观点态度题。根据最后两段内容，特别是第五段中的“Kovirzhin's work is only the beginning and as we've seen with quantum computing there is a lot of work to be done.But it's still exciting regardless.”可知，作者认为量子计算虽然还有很多工作要做，但是这个发现是让人兴奋的，由此可知作者对量子计算的未来是乐观的。故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎【】说明 Music Opera at Music Hall：1243 Elm Street.The season runs June ‎ through August，with additional performances in March and September.The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts.Phone：241-2742.http：//www.cityopera.com．‎ Chamber Orchestra：The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street，which offers several concerts from March through June.Call 723-1182 for more information.http：//www.chamberorch.com.‎ Symphony Orchestra：At Music Hall and Riverbend.For ticket sales，call 381-3300.Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend.http：//www.symphony.org/home.asp._‎ College Conservatory of Music (CCM)：Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university，usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater.CCM organizes a variety of events，including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet，CCM's Philharmonic Orchestra，and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music.Students with I．D.cards can attend the events for free.A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183.http_：//www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.‎ Riverbend Music Theater：6295 Kellogg Ave.Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference)．Big name shows all summer long! Phone：232-6220.http：//www.riverbendmusic.com.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　‎ 文章是一篇广告类短文。共介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动，包括举办的地点、举办时间、活动内容和联系方式等。‎ ‎5．Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?‎ A．241-2742.　　　 B．723-1182.‎ C．381-3300. D．232-6220.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据“opera”定位到第一个活动，第一个活动的联系电话是241-2742，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎6．When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?‎ A．February. B．May.‎ C．August. D．November.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据“Chamber Orchestra”定位到第二个活动，根据“which offers several concerts from March through June”可知，活动举办时间是3～6月，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎7．Where can students go for free performances with their I．D.cards?‎ A．Music Hall.‎ B．Memorial Hall.‎ C．Patricia Cobbett Theater.‎ D．Riverbend Music Theater.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据“with their I．D.cards”定位到第四个活动中的“Stuents with I．D.cards can attend the events for free.”根据“usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater”可知答案，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎8．How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?‎ A．It has seats in the open air.‎ B．It gives shows all year round.‎ C．It offers membership discounts.‎ D．It presents famous musical works.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据“Riverbend Music Theater”定位到最后一个活动。根据“Large outdoor theater with the closest seats”可知，Riverbend Music Theater是一个露天剧院，不同的座位，其价格也是不同的，由此可知，Riverbend Music Theater的座位是在室外的；根据“all summer long！”排除B；根据第一个活动排除C；根据第四个活动排除D。故选A。[来源:学*科*网]‎ 答案：A ‎【】说明 ‎“Mobile phones killed our man，”screamed one headline last year.Also came statements that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss.And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly showing how mobile phones heat the brain.For anyone who uses a moblie phone，these are ‎ worring times.But speak to the scientists whose work is the focus of these scared and you will hear a different story.‎ What we do have，however，are some results suggesting that mobile phones'emission(辐射)have a variety of strange effects on living tissue that can't be explained by the general radiation biology.And it's only when the questions raised by these experiments are answered that we'll be able to say for sure what moblie phones might be doing to the brain.‎ One of the strange effects comes from the now famous“memory loss”study Alan Preece and his colleagues at the University of Bristol placed a device(装置)that copied the microwave emission of mobile phones to the left ear of volunteers.The volunteers were all good at recalling words and pictures they had been shown on a computer screen.Preece says he still can't comment on the effects of using a mobile phone for years on end.But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive(感知的)abilities.“I'm pretty sure there is no effect on short-term memory，”he says.‎ Another expert，Tatterasll，remarked that his latest findings have removed fears about memory loss.One result，for instance，suggests that nerve cell synapses(神经元突触)exposed to microwaves become more—rather than less—receptive to under-going changes linked to the memory formation.[来源:学&科&网]‎ It would be an even happier outcome if microwave turned out to be good for you.It sounds crazy，but a couple of years ago a team led by William Adey at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in ‎ California，found that mice exposed to microwave for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain tumours(肿瘤)when given a cancer-causing chemical.‎ So should we forget about mobile phone radiation causing brain tumours and making us unable to think clearly or reasonably?‎ ‎“If it doesn't certainly cause cancer in animals and cells，then it probably isn't going to cause cancer in humans，”says William.And while there's still no absolute evidence that mobile phone does damage your memories or give your cancer，the unanimity is：Don't panic.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　有报道说手机会对人的健康有影响。本文则介绍了一些科学家的观点，他们认为并没有绝对的证据证明手机对人体有很大的危害。‎ ‎1．What worries people who use mobile phones? ‎ A．Mobile phones will kill them.‎ B．Mobile phones cause memory loss.‎ C．Mobile phones heat the brain.‎ D．All above is right.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“‘Mobile phones killed our man，’screamed one headline last year.Also came statements that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss.And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly showing how mobile phones heat the brain.”可知，‎ 答案选D。‎ 答案：D ‎2．What is the attitude of Preece on the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive abilities? ‎ A．Doubt. B．Disagree.‎ C．Approve. D．Wait and see.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive(感知的)abilities.”可知，他不同意这种观点，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎3．The underlined word “unanimity” in the last paragraph most probably means“________”．‎ A．consensus B．disagreement ‎ C．possibility D．impossibility 解析：词义猜测题。根据本段中“And while there's still no absolute evidence that mobile phone does damage your memories or give your cancer”(并没有绝对的证据能证明手机对你的记忆力有损伤或者让你得癌症)可知这里意为“一致意见是：不要惊慌。”故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎4．From the fifth paragraph，we can infer that being exposed to microwaves for two hours________．‎ A．can result in killing you ‎ B．is likely to develop brain tumours ‎ C．is unlikely to develop brain tumours ‎ D．will cause your loss of memory for ever 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“found that mice exposed to microwave for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain tumours(肿瘤)when given a cancer-causing chemical.”可知，答案选C。[来源:学,科,网]‎ 答案：C ‎【】‎ ‎“My work is done.”Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman.He included them in his suicide note.They mark an ignoble end to a noble life，the leave taking of a truly great man.The same words could now be said for the company he left behind.Actually，the Eastman Kodak Company is through.It has been mismanaged financially，technologically and competitively.For 20 years，its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony of a century's prosperity.One of America's bedrock brands is about to disappear，the Kodak moment has passed.‎ But George Eastman is not how he died，and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed.Though the ends be needless and premature，they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before.Few companies have done so much good for so many people，or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a ‎ nation and perhaps the world.It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company.‎ Kodak served mankind through entertainment，science，national defense and the stockpiling of family memories.Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility.It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne，and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks.It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy，and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor，and a fallen Martin Luther King Jr.on the hard balcony of a Memphis motel.When that sailor kissed the nurse，and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba，Kodak was the eyes of a nation.From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley，Kodak took us there.Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to posterity(繁荣) from the Eastman Kodak Company.‎ In an era of easy digital photography，when we can take a picture of anything at any time，we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people.Yes，there were photographers，and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted(不自然的) pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldn't afford photographs，and so all they had to remember distant loved ones，or earlier times of their lives，was memory.Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people，grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like.Eastman Kodak allowed memory to ‎ move from the uncertainty of recollection，to the permanence of a photograph.But it wasn't just people whose features were savable; it was events，the sacred and precious times that families cherish.The Kodak moment，was humanity's moment.‎ And it wasn't just people whose features were savable; it was events，the precious times that families cherish.Kodak let the fleeting moments of birthdays and weddings，picnics and parties，be preserved and saved.It allowed for the creation of the most egalitarian art form.Lovers could take one another's pictures，children were photographed walking out the door on the first day of school，the person releasing the shutter decided what was worth recording，and hundreds of millions of such decisions were made.And for centuries to come，those long dead will smile and dance and communicate to their unborn progeny(子孙)．Family history will be not only names on paper，but smiles on faces.‎ The cash flow not just provided thousands of people with job，but also allowed the company's founder to engage in some of the most generous charity in America's history.Not just in Kodak's home city of Rochester，New York，but in Tuskegee and London，and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He bankrolled(资助) two historically black colleges，fixed the teeth of Europe's poor，and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good，Kodak did very well.Over all the years，all the Kodakers over all the years are essential parts of that monumental legacy.They prospered a great company，but they—with that company—blessed the world.‎ That is what we should remember about the Eastman Kodak Company.Like its founder，we should remember how it lived，not how it died.History will forget the small men who have scuttled this company.But history will never forget Kodak.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章叙述了柯达公司的没落，柯达公司对世界作出的巨大贡献以及作者对柯达公司的敬仰。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，which of the following is to blame for the fall of Kodak?‎ A．The invention of easy digital photography.‎ B．The poor management of the company.‎ C．The early death of George Eastman.‎ D．The quick rise of its business competitors.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“It has been mismanaged financially，technologically and competitively”可知B正确。‎ 答案：B ‎2．It can be learnt from the passage that George Eastman________．‎ A．died a natural death of old age.‎ B．happened to be on the spot when President Kennedy was shot dead.‎ C．set up his company in the capital of the US before setting up its branches all over the world.‎ D．was not only interested in commercial profits，but also in the improvement of other people's lives.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“He bankrolled two historically black colleges，fixed the teeth of Europe's poor，and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good，Kodak did very well”可知柯达公司不仅仅是在经济上很成功而且还做了很多善事。故D正确。‎ 答案：D ‎3．Before George Eastman brought photography to people，________．‎ A．no photos has ever been taken of people or events B．photos were very expensive and mostly taken indoors C．painting was the only way for people to keep a record of their ancestors.‎ D．grandparents never knew what their grandchildren looked like.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Yes，there were photographers，and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldn't afford photographs...”可知B正确。‎ 答案：B ‎4．The person releasing the shutter (Paragraph 5) was the ‎ one________．‎ A．who took the photograph B．who wanted to have a photo taken C．whose decisions shaped the Eastman Kodak Company[来源:学科网]‎ D．whose smiles could long be seen by their children 解析：推理判断题。根据“the person releasing the shutter decided what was worth recording”可知这个人是拍照片的那个人，是由他来决定什么东西值得记录。‎ 答案：A ‎【】‎ Every day，millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force—both online and on foot— searching for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts，most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year，including weddings，birthdays，anniversaries，graduations，and baby showers.This frequent experience of gift-giving can cause ambivalent feelings in gift-givers.Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds with one's closest persons.At the same time，many fear the thought of buying gifts; they worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended receivers.‎ What is surprising is that gift-givers have considerable experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients，but ‎ nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift.In the present research，we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — i．e.，that gift-givers equate how much they spend with how much receivers will appreciate the gift (the more expensive the gift，the stronger a gift-recipient's feelings of appreciation)．Although a link between gift price and feelings of appreciation might seem intuitive (凭直觉得到的) to gift-givers，such an assumption may be unfounded.Indeed，we propose that gift-receivers will seldom tend to base their feelings of appreciation on the significance weight of a gift than givers assume.‎ Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients' feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that bigger (i.e.，more expensive) gifts convey stronger signals of thought fullness and consideration.According to Camerer (1988) and others，gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual(礼节)，by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes toward the intended receiver and their willingness to invest resources in a future relationship.In this sense，gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal” to their intended receiver.As for gift-receivers，they may not consider smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.‎ In practical terms，people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts，but somehow never learn to measure their gift expenses according to personal insight.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　赠送礼物是一个积极的社交过程，‎ 具有政治、宗教、心理等各种功能，但是同时赠送者也会遇到问题。‎ ‎5．The underlined word “ambivalent” most nearly means________．‎ A．unrealistic　　　　 B．conflicted C．appreciative D．supportive 解析：细节理解题。根据文中语境可知，这句话的意思是：经常送礼导致送礼者产生矛盾情绪，所以这里ambivalent是有冲突的意思。A.unrealistic“不现实的”；B.conflicted“冲突的”；C.appreciative“欣赏的”；D.supportive“支持的”。所以选B。‎ 答案：B ‎6．The author indicates that people value gift-giving because they feel it________．‎ A．functions as a form of self-expression.‎ B．is an inexpensive way to show appreciation.‎ C．requires the gift-receivers to return.‎ D．can serve to strengthen a relationship.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds with one's closest persons.”可知，人们看中赠送礼物是因为这样可以增强感情。所以选D。‎ 答案：D ‎7．The author refers to work by Camerer and others in order to________．‎ A．offer an explanation B．introduce an argument C．question an intension D．support a conclusion 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients' feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that bigger (i.e.，more expensive) gifts convey stronger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.According to Camerer (1988) and others，”可知，作者提到Camerer和其他人是想作出进一步的解释。所以选A。‎ 答案：A