【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题省略句学案（4页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题省略句学案（4页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题 省略句学案 一、从句的省略 ‎①We'll take the books when participating in the Summer Camp this July to your school. (2015·天津高考书面表达)‎ 我们将于今年7月赴贵校参加夏令营时带去赠书。‎ ‎②—When is he willing to lend his friends some money?‎ ‎—Only when pressed hard enough.‎ ‎——他什么时候会借钱给他的朋友？‎ ‎——在他被催得足够紧的时候(他才会借钱)。‎ ‎③She stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone.‎ 她站在门口好像在等人。‎ ‎④Will you be free this Sunday？If so, let's go camping.‎ 这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。‎ ‎⑤—Have you been to the Summer Palace? ‎ ‎—Perhaps not in my memory. If ever, it might have been during my early childhood.‎ ‎——你去过颐和园吗？‎ ‎——在我的记忆中好像没有，如果曾去过的话，也可能是在我很小的时候。‎ ‎⑥—Do you think it will rain?‎ ‎—I hope so/not (that it will rain/not rain)．‎ ‎——你认为会下雨吗？‎ ‎——我希望下/不下。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或主语是it，且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。‎ ‎2．so或not代替上文内容，此时可用“if＋so/not”省略句式；其他类似结构还有：if ever, if any, if anything等。‎ ‎3．I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别表示肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。‎ 二、不定式的省略 ‎①I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.‎ 我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。‎ ‎②—Are you a sailor?‎ ‎—No, but I used to be.‎ ‎——你是水手吗？‎ ‎——不是，但我过去是。‎ ‎③—He hasn't finished yet.‎ ‎—Well, he ought to have.‎ ‎——他还没完成。‎ ‎——哦，他该完成了。‎ ‎④Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.‎ 他总是宁可骑自行车也不愿挤拥挤的公交。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．单独使用不定式符号to代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。否定形式的省略用not to。‎ ‎2．不定式符号to用在某些形容词，如glad, happy, pleased, delighted等后面。‎ ‎3．如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留be，have和have been。‎ ‎4．在do nothing but, can't help but, why not, would rather . . . than . . . ; prefer to do . . . rather than . . . 等句型中省略to。‎ 常考点一：从句的省略 ‎1．(2015·湖南高考)Video games can be a poor influence if ________ ‎ in the wrong hands.‎ A．to leave　　　　　　　　　 B．leaving C．leave D．left 解析：选D　句意：如果落在不合适的人的手中，电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。leave的逻辑主语是video games，主语video games与leave之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if left ...是“连词＋过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略。‎ ‎2．(2018·南通模拟)Shall we put off the match because of the bad weather?‎ ‎—No.Rain or shine, the match will be held as ________.‎ A．schedule B．scheduling C．scheduled D．to schedule 解析：选C　句意：“因为天气不好，我们要不要推迟比赛？”“不行。不管是下雨还是晴天，比赛都要按照日程安排进行。”as引导的从句使用了省略结构，完整的表达是as it was scheduled，故用过去分词scheduled。‎ 常考点二：不定式的省略 ‎3．(重庆高考)—Why not stay here a little longer?‎ ‎—________， but I really have to go.‎ A．Never mind B．I'd love to C．Pleased to meet you D．I can't find any reason 解析：选B　句意：“为什么不在这儿多待一会儿？”“我虽然想再多待一会儿，但是却不得不走。”此题中but一词的转折意味不可忽视，应该选择B项。‎ ‎4．(全国卷Ⅰ)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________.‎ A．not to do B．not to C．not do D．do not 解析：选B　句意：那个司机想把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。为了避免重复，常常省略与前文相同的部分，只保留不定式符号to。补充完整后应为 but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside。‎