【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类型解题指导学案（79页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类型解题指导学案（79页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类型解题指导学案 ‎【考情探究】‎ 卷名 年份 篇目 体裁 题材 话题 题型趋势统计 细节理解 主旨要义 推理判断 词义猜测 浙江 ‎2018.11‎ A 说明文 社会文化 伦敦出租车司机 ‎3‎ ‎1‎ ‎5‎ ‎1‎ B 说明文 社会文化 美国暑假 C 记叙文 社会文化 假期读书 ‎2018.06‎ A 记叙文 人物与文学 英国小说的发展史及 狄更斯 ‎5‎ ‎1‎ ‎3‎ ‎1‎ B 文化文 社会生活 一次性塑料袋的利弊 C 说明文 生活与科技 美国汽车工业的发展及 其对美国社会的影响 ‎2017.11‎ A 记叙文 人物介绍 帮助失去丈夫的邻居 ‎4‎ ‎1‎ ‎4‎ ‎1‎ B 说明文 人际关系 着装影响认知表现 C 说明文 人际关系 节约能源 ‎2017.06‎ A 记叙文 广告类 本杰明小时候学画的 经历 ‎5‎ ‎1‎ ‎4‎ ‎0‎ B 说明文 人物故事 美国青少年睡眠习惯及 问题 C 说明文 人物介绍 意大利对外来移民进行 语言测试及人们的观点 ‎2016.10‎ A 记叙文 健康生活 卡特冒着生命危险挽救 了一列火车 ‎4‎ ‎6‎ B 说明文 自然与环境 宾馆为了环保鼓励客人 骑自行车发电 C 说明文 社会生活 员工在家工作情况调查 报告 合计 ‎21‎ ‎4‎ ‎22‎ ‎3‎ 分析解读　　1.高考改革试验区英语试卷从开考到2018年11月共考试5次。试卷结构整体稳定。难度每年稳中有升。‎ ‎2.试卷中文章的选材比较广泛,但基本贴近日常生活,尤其是学生的生活。‎ ‎3.文章体裁说明文居多,其次是记叙文,议论文较少。没有涉及非延续性文本和应用文。‎ ‎4.设题的角度比较稳定,其中细节理解题和推理判断题占据80%以上,而两种题各占一半。但每年一般都会涉及主旨要义题和词义猜测题。试卷有逐渐向综合性的推理题集中的趋向。‎ ‎5.未来的考卷取材将会更为广泛,但是会在英语课程主题语境的范围内。文章内容会贴近日常生活,尤其是学生的生活。文章的特点将越来越地道,并会更多地涉及英语社会的文化。因此,考生在学习的过程中,要注意突破课本的限制,争取接触和了解更多的英语本土文化。‎ ‎6.未来高考阅读理解可能还会以说明文为主,记叙文、议论文为辅为命题原则;设题以考查细节理解、推理判断为主,以主旨要义、词义猜测为辅。‎ ‎【真题典例】‎ ‎　　The most welcome sight on a cold, wet winter night in London is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab approaching with its yellow “for hire” sign shining brightly. That shows it is ready to pick you up. Travelling by taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another. It is an experience to be enjoyed and remembered.‎ The main reason for this is the drivers, who are called “cabbies.” Many of them are true Cockneys. This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect(方言)of English. All of them know every street and famous building in the city, and all of them love to talk. A simple twenty-minute journey across town can become very interesting. You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the driver’s Aunty Nellie! One thing is for sure, it will never be boring. Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars, the Royal Family, government leaders, and popular singers or actors and actresses.‎ They also know the best places to eat, shop and relax. And they can take you straight to any large 本文的三个设题,都和特定的信息有关:Cockney,Aunty Nellie,The Knowledge。因此注意信息定位,特别关注目标信息的上下文。‎ 解题技巧是建立在对整个文章和所有句子的理解之上,在特别关注上述解题技巧的同时,要理解每个句子,把握文章的整体结构:‎ ‎ hotel, department store, theatre or museum. They know the shortest way possible without even looking at a map, because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi. The exam is called “The Knowledge.” It is a written test, and in it drivers are asked the shortest way from one place to another. They must take into account the time of day—in rush hour, a longer route(路线)may be quicker—and describe the best way. Moreover they must never forget the one-way streets!‎ ‎1.From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney?‎ A.Their interest.　　　B.Their manners.‎ C.Their speech.　　　D.Their appearance.‎ ‎2.What does the author suggest by mentioning “Aunty Nellie” in paragraph 2?‎ A.Passengers are full of curiosity.‎ B.Cabbies’ topics are wide-ranging.‎ C.Aunty Nellie is popular in London.‎ D.Londoners are friendly to each other.‎ ‎3.What is the purpose of “The Knowledge”?‎ A.To qualify one to drive a taxi.　　　B.To assess one’s driving skills.‎ C.To test drivers’ ability to write.　　　D.To check taxi drivers’ memory.‎ 第一段通过场景描写来引出本文的主题。‎ 第二段通过多方面的举例介绍伦敦出租车司机非常健谈的特点。‎ 第三段介绍了伦敦出租车司机的高质量服务品质以及其入门考试。‎ 解题思路 ‎1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many of them are true Cockneys. This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect of English.”可知,这里的Cockneys指的是当地人,他们讲特殊的方言。因此通过一个人的言语,我们能判断他是不是伦敦东区人,故选C。‎ ‎2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the driver’s Aunty Nellie!”可知,此处是介绍乘客可以和司机谈论很多事情,甚至是司机的Aunty Nellie,因此选B,意为“司机的联天话题非常广泛”。‎ ‎3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段的“...because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi. The exam is called ‘The Knowledge.’”可知,想成为一名伦敦出租车司机,你必须通过这项很难的考试“The Knowledge”,因此这项考试的目的是使人们具备从事开出租车的资格。‎ 命题探究 ‎1.考查考生对细节的理解能力,如第1题。‎ ‎2.特别注重考查考生能对信息进行归纳综合并得出判断的能力。本篇2、3两道题都是要根据多个信息进行综合和归纳才能得出答案。‎ ‎3.设题突破文字的表面,涉及深层的信息。如第2题。‎ 审题指导 ‎1.注意设题的核心信息。如第1题,就要关注本题其实是通过借代的方式考查考生对某个细节的理解。‎ ‎2.把握题干的核心信息。如第2题的“Aunty Nellie”和第3题的“The Knowledge”。‎ ‎3.要能通过核心词以及其上下文,理解其深层的含义。‎ 解题技巧 ‎1.解题时要能读懂题目的核心信息。如第1题就要明白Cockney在文章中指的是什么。‎ ‎2.特别注意信息的定位。设题时总是会有特定的主干信息,如某人、某事、某地等。解题时根据题干中的关键词,找准相关句、段的内容,再仔细对照,不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除,反之,则是正确选项。第2题和第3题都是有具体信息,那么解题时就一定要注意大致的信息定位。‎ ‎3.要透过文章词句表面,理解深层的含义。如第2题,其题干核心“Aunty Nellie”只是一个借代关系。通过此借代关系,可以得知连“阿姨”的话题都可以谈,那么就是说谈论的话题很广泛。‎ ‎4.采取合理的阅读方式。建议使用P-Q-P-Q阅读模式。此模式即先读文章(passage)的一部分,一般为三分之一左右,对文章的主旨有一定的了解,然后阅读问题(question)。了解本文考查的信息点有哪些,做到阅读时心中有数,然后再读文章,在读文章的过程中或读后回答问题。此方法的优势是能够带着问题去阅读,提高解题的效率。本文的三道题目都有特殊的信息点,如果解题时能先对考点信息掌握,再去带着问题阅读,效率会更高。‎ ‎【真题典例】‎ ‎　　I start every summer with the best of intentions:to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental:“Moby Dick” on a three-day cross-country train trip; “The Magic Mountain” in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do beyond row on the salt pond. Attempting “The Man Without Qualities” on a return to Hawaii, my native state, however, was less fruitful:I made it 阅读时把握文章的结构非常重要。文章的结构和段落大意是解题,尤其是主旨要义题的关键。本文的各段大意比较明显且清楚。‎ ‎ through one and a quarter volumes(册), then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead.‎ But this summer I find myself at a loss. I’m not quite interested in Balzac, say, or “Tristram Shandy.” There’s always “War and Peace,” which I’ve covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the “War” part, set it aside for a while, and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into “The Waves” or “Justine,” which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.‎ And then there’s Stendhal’s “The Red and the Black,” which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail(鸡尾酒)of the summer, created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and Back Forty. It is easy to drink, and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea. Cecconi’s theory:“I take whatever’s fresh at the greenmarket and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park, making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once, lying on uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating through the lids...‎ ‎1.What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?‎ A.He has a cottage in New England.　　　B.He shows talents for literature.‎ C.He enjoys reading when traveling.　　　D.He admires a lot of great writers.‎ ‎2.What do the underlined words “get bogged down” in paragraph 2 mean?‎ A.Get confused.　　　B.Be carried away.‎ C.Be interrupted.　　　D.Make no progress.‎ ‎3.Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating?‎ A.He finishes them quickly.　　　B.He should read something serious.‎ C.He barely understands them.　　　D.He has read them many times before.‎ ‎4.What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A.The Books of Summer　　　B.My Summer Holidays C.To Read or Not to Read　　　D.It’s Never Too Late to Read 第一段介绍了自己夏天的阅读经历。‎ 第二段主要介绍了作者今年暑假读书时的困惑。‎ 第三段以司汤达的《红与黑》为例介绍了作者对读书的理解和感受。‎ 解题思路 ‎1.C　推理判断题。从第一段描述可以看出,作者所举的三个读书的例子都是在旅途中,因此C项正确。A项尽管提到了cottage,但是并不是作者的财产。B、D两项都是文中没有提到的信息。‎ ‎2.D　词义猜测题。根据下文的“set it aside”以及“start over from the beginning again”可知,作者在几次读《战争与和平》这本书时,都只看到了“战争”这一部分,然后就搁置一旁,之后再从头开始读,由此可知作者读到“战争”这一部分后就毫无进展了。因此D项正确。‎ ‎3.B　推理判断题。根据上下文,作者在文章开始就提到要读经典作品(to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious)。但是,因为作者在读如像《战争与和平》那样的作品时感觉到很累,没有成就感。于是就特别想去读那些自己曾经读过的,最喜欢的作品,也就是能读得懂的作品,因此感觉像作弊一样。因此B项正确。‎ ‎4.A　主旨要义题。本文讲述的是作者在夏天读书的经历和感受,介绍了作者读的书籍的名称、种类以及读不通书籍时的感受,文章的核心词是summer 和reading,因此A项,意为“夏天的书籍”符合文章主旨。‎ 命题探究 ‎1.根据段落的整体内容设题,要求考生进行综合判断。如第1题。要求考生掌握相关段落的完整内容和信息才能做出正确的判断,排除错误的选项。‎ ‎2.根据上下文判断单词或词组的含义。如第2题。‎ ‎3.根据文章的内容概括合适的标题。如第4题。‎ 审题指导 ‎1.要对题干相关的信息进行综合的判断。如第1题,What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph? 这样的设题,信息只涉及第一段,但是对第一段的内容则是综合的考查,因此解题时要特别注意对整个段落内容的把握。‎ ‎2.划线单词有些是要求找出同义词或释义,也有要求进行信息的综合推理。审题时要特别注意。‎ ‎3.主旨题有两类:main idea和best title。main idea类的题目侧重于内容的归纳。而best title的题目则侧重于核心词的归纳。‎ 解题技巧 ‎1.词义猜测题有多种解题方法,其中最重要的方法之一就是根据上下文的解释和说明来判断目的词的词义。如第2题,该词的前后都提到了“读不下去”的感觉,因此根据此意,可以推断该词的答案应该是“困住”,“无法进行”之意。‎ ‎2.对主旨要义题,要充分利用段落大意、文章结构和核心词汇来概括文章的中心。本文第一段的主要讲述作者夏天读书的经历,而第二段和第三段都是对自己这个夏天读书的感想。因此可以判断本文的核心词是reading 和summer, 所以The books of summer就是最合适的标题。‎ ‎3.本文涉及了很多有关书籍和作者的专用名称,这是核心素养和新课标的要求。本文的出现告诉我们,今后的考试中会逐步涉入经典的文化背景。因此今后在学习中,一定要注意文化意识的培养,文化素养的提升。‎ ‎①Moby Dick《白鲸》是19世纪美国小说家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(Herman Melville)的一 篇海洋题材的长篇小说,小说描写了亚哈船长为了追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克,最终与 白鲸同归于尽的故事。‎ ‎②The Magic Mountain《魔山》是诺贝尔文学奖获得者托马斯·曼的代表作。小说以一个疗养院为背景,描写和鞭打了欧洲封建贵族和资本家的病态和垂死生活。‎ ‎③The Man Without Qualities《没有个性的人》是奥地利小说家罗伯特·穆齐尔的一部没有完成的作品。内容难懂,作品经常用哲学的思维和方法分析人物和情节。‎ ‎④Tristram Shandy《项狄传》全名为The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman《绅士特里斯舛·项狄的生平与见解》,是18世纪英国文学大师劳伦斯·斯特恩的代表作之一。书中绝大部分是特里斯舛讲述别人,主要是他父亲和他叔叔的生平与见解,叙述的顺序跳跃极大,完全不同于正常的顺着事件发生的时间先后叙述的模式。《项狄传》被认为是“世界文学中最典型的小说”。评论家指出20世纪小说中的意识流手法可以追溯到这部奇异的小说。‎ ‎⑤War and Peace《战争与和平》是俄国作家列夫·尼古拉耶维奇·托尔斯泰创作的长篇小说,也是其代表作,创作于1863—1869年。作品宏大,人物繁多,内容复杂。作品以1812年的卫国战争为中心,反映从1805到1820年间的重大历史进程。以鲍尔康斯、别祖霍夫、罗斯托夫和库拉金四大贵族的经历为主线,在战争与和平的交替描写中把众多的事件和人物串联起来。赞扬了俄国人民在战争中表现出来的爱国热情和英雄主义。但作品的基调是宗教仁爱思想和人道主义,作家反对战争,对战争各方的受难并都给予了深切的同情。‎ ‎⑥The Waves《海浪》是英国女作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙的长篇小说。是比较典型的朦胧派和意识流的作品。‎ ‎⑦The Red and the Black《红与黑》是法国作家司汤达创作的长篇小说,也是其代表作。作品讲述主人公于连的个人奋斗和两段不同寻常的爱情故事及其最后悲惨的结局。反映了当时社会黑暗,教会腐败,人们尔虞我诈的生活画面。‎ ‎ ‎ 第三部分　阅读理解 专题九　细节理解 挖命题 ‎【考情探究】‎ 考点 考向 考情分析 预测热度 高考示例 考查目标 ‎2018.11‎ ‎2018.6‎ ‎2017.11‎ ‎2017.6‎ ‎2016.10‎ 阅读理解 细节理解 ‎3‎ ‎5‎ ‎4‎ ‎5‎ ‎4‎ 考纲要求考生根据不同的要求,阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。这类试题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要一定的归纳、概括和推理才能答题 ‎★★★(题量占阅读理解一半左右)‎ 分析解读　　1.细节理解题是比较基础的题目,主要考查考生对具体信息的理解和发现能力。题干针对原文具体信息本身设题。设题的内容包括时间、地点、方式、原因等或数字计算题、排列顺序题等。命题常用when, what, why, who 等特殊疑问词以及句子缺项等方式考查。通常细节理解题的正确选项的命题方法是:①词义替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词,成为正确选项。②词性变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性,或者改变原文句子的语态,给考生制造障碍。③语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言进行简化,成为正确答案。④反义设题。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。‎ ‎2.细节理解题是浙江高考的主要题型,所占比例一般在50%左右。细节理解题考查考生对文中的某一特定的表层信息的把握,该类题目是根据文章的细节设计的。只要考生能理解文章的主旨,理解相关的句子,解题的难度一般不会太大。但近年来,尤其是2018年11月的题目难度系数有一定的梯度。很多题目需要综合多个信息,并进行一定的归纳才能得到正确的答案。‎ 过专题 ‎【五年高考】‎ A组　2018年全国高考题组 Passage 1(2018浙江11月,B)词数:255‎ This month millions of American kids can forget about classroom bells and set off for grandparents’ homes, sleep-away camps and lifeguard stands. But summer vacation hasn’t always been a birthright of U.S. schoolchildren. Before the Civil War, schools operated on one of two calendars(日历), neither of which included a summer vacation. Rural(农村的)schooling was divided into summer and winter terms, leaving kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons. Urban students, meanwhile, regularly had as many as 48 weeks of study a year, with one break per quarter.‎ In the 1840s, however, educational reformers like Horace Mann moved to combine the two calendars out of concern that rural schooling was not enough and that overusing of young minds could lead to nervous disorders. Summer appeared as the obvious time for a break:it offered a rest for teachers, fit in the farming calendar and reduced doctors’ concern that packing students into hot classrooms would promote the spread of disease.‎ But people’s opinion about the modern U.S. school year, which averages 180 days, is still divided. Some experts say its pleasant but lazy summer break, which took hold in the early 20th century, is one of the reasons math skills and graduation rates of U.S. high schoolers ranked well below average in two international education reports published in 2007. Others insist that with children under increasing pressure to devote their downtime to internships(实习)or study, there’s still room for an institution that protects the lazy days of childhood.‎ ‎1.What did the rural school calendar before the Civil War allow children to do?‎ A.Enjoy a summer vacation.‎ B.Take a break each quarter.‎ C.Have 48 weeks of study a year.‎ D.Assist their parents with farm work.‎ ‎2.What did the educational reformers do in the 1840s?‎ A.They introduced summer vacation.‎ B.They shortened rural school terms.‎ C.They promoted the study of farming.‎ D.They advocated higher pay for teachers.‎ ‎3.Why are some people unhappy about the modern U.S. school year?‎ A.It pushes the teachers too hard.‎ B.It reduces the quality of education.‎ C.It ignores science instruction.‎ D.It includes no time for internships.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.A ‎3.B Passage 2(2018浙江6月,C)词数:292‎ As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线)on September 27,1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.‎ Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture:the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.‎ In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.”Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.‎ The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.‎ The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.‎ Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”‎ ‎1.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?‎ A.To explain Americans’ love for travelling by car.‎ B.To show the influence of cars on American culture.‎ C.To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.‎ D.To praise the effectiveness of America’s road system.‎ ‎2.What has the use of cars in America led to?‎ A.Decline of economy.‎ B.Environmental problems.‎ C.A shortage of oil supply.‎ D.A farm-based society.‎ ‎3.What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future?‎ A.Ambiguous.　　　　　B.Doubtful.　　　　　C.Hopeful.　　　　　D.Tolerant.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.B ‎3.C Passage 3(2018课标全国Ⅰ,A)词数:260‎ Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ Duration:3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear!‎ Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(4 miles)‎ Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.‎ Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.‎ Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7 miles)‎ Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.‎ ‎1.Which tour do you need to book in advance?‎ A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.‎ C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.‎ ‎2.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?‎ A.Meet famous people.‎ B.Go to a national park.‎ C.Visit well-known museums.‎ D.Enjoy interesting stories.‎ ‎3.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?‎ A.City maps.　　　B.Cameras.‎ C.Meals.　　　D.Safety lights.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.D ‎3.D Passage 4(2018课标全国Ⅱ,A)词数:284‎ Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.‎ Activity Description Member of staff Cost Outdoor Adventure ‎ ‎(OUT)‎ Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team,and enjoy the great outdoor environment.‎ Mr. Clemens ‎￡140‎ WWⅠ Battlefields and Paris ‎(WBP)‎ On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War Ⅰ battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights.‎ Mrs. Wilson ‎￡425‎ Crafty Foxes(CRF)‎ Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations...Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.‎ Mrs. Goode ‎￡30‎ Potty about Potter ‎(POT)‎ Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on-Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford’s Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.‎ Miss Drake ‎￡150‎ ‎1.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?‎ A.OUT.　　　　　B.WBP.　　　　　C.CRF.　　　　　D.POT.‎ ‎2.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?‎ A.Travel to London.‎ B.See a parade and fireworks.‎ C.Tour central Paris.‎ D.Visit the WWⅠ battlefields.‎ ‎3.How long does Potty about Potter last?‎ A.Two days.　　　　　B.Four days.　　　　　C.Five days.　　　　　D.One week.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.D ‎3.A Passage 5(2018课标全国Ⅲ,A)词数:192‎ Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker ‎ By Car:Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times:Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.‎ By Rail:The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.‎ Opening Times ‎ Sunday—Friday(closed on Saturday)11:00 am—4:00 pm, 30th March—2nd November.‎ Admission Charges ‎ ‎　　　　　Hall & Gardens　　　　　　Gardens Adults:　　　　　￡12.00　　　　　￡8.00‎ Groups:　　　　　￡9.00　　　　　￡5.50‎ Special Events Producers’ Market　13th April ‎ Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.‎ Holker Garden Festival　30th May ‎ The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.‎ National Garden Day　28th August ‎ Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.‎ Winter Market　8th November ‎ This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.‎ ‎1.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?‎ A.20 minutes.　　　B.25 minutes.‎ C.45 minutes.　　　D.90 minutes.‎ ‎2.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens?‎ A.￡12.00.　　　　　B.￡9.00.　　　　　C.￡8.00.　　　　　D.￡5.50.‎ ‎3.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?‎ A.Producers’ Market.‎ B.Holker Garden Festival.‎ C.National Garden Day.‎ D.Winter Market.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.B ‎3.D Passage 6(2018北京,B)词数:284‎ Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) Center If you’re looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center(SAC)is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.‎ More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.‎ For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟)flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱)of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.‎ With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.‎ All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.‎ Stay an hour or stay a week—there is something here for everyone!‎ For more details, please visit us online at www.oursac.com.‎ ‎1.Why do people come to SAC?‎ A.To experience adventures.‎ B.To look for jobs in aviation.‎ C.To get a degree in engineering.‎ D.To learn more about medicine.‎ ‎2.To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to　　　. ‎ A.fly to space B.get an Aviation badge first C.study the principles of flight D.build and fire model rockets ‎3.What is the most important for trainees?‎ A.Leadership.　　　B.Team spirit.‎ C.Task planning.　　　D.Survival skills.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.D ‎3.B Passage 7(2018天津,A)词数:332‎ Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers(灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.‎ Fire Alarms The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.‎ Fire Drills A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:‎ ‎·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.‎ ‎·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.‎ ‎·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.‎ Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.‎ Smoke Detectors A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:‎ ‎·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动),contact residence hall staff immediately.‎ ‎·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.‎ ‎·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.‎ ‎1.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?‎ A.To provide part-time jobs for students.‎ B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.‎ C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.‎ D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.‎ ‎2.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?‎ A.Pipes and smoke detectors.‎ B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.‎ C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.‎ D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.‎ ‎3.In a fire drill, the students should　　　. ‎ A.rush quickly to a lift B.gather at the nearest exit C.shut the door and leave at once D.wait for instructions in the hall ‎4.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?‎ A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.‎ B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them.‎ C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.‎ D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.‎ ‎5.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should　　　. ‎ A.contact the hall staff regularly B.cover the things that burn easily C.start the smoke detector in a fire D.make certain the red light is working 答案 ‎1.C ‎2.B ‎3.C ‎4.A ‎5.D Passage 8(2018江苏,A)词数:187‎ The Metropolitan Museum of Art ‎　 　1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028 211-535-7710 www.metmuseum.org Entrances Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street Hours Open 7 days a week. Sunday—Thursday 10:00—17:30 Friday and Saturday 10:00—21:00 Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.‎ ‎　Admission $25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊)on the same day;free for children under 12 with an adult. Free with Admission ‎ All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts, gallery talks, and family/children’s programs are free with admission.　 　Ask about today’s activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.‎ ‎　　The Cloisters Museum and Gardens The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.‎ ‎　Hours:Open 7 days a week. March—October 10:00—17:15 November—February 10:00—16:45 Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1. 　　　　　‎ ‎1.How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum?‎ A.$12.　　　　　B.$37.　　　　　C.$50.　　　　　D.$62.‎ ‎2. The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that 　　　. ‎ A.it opens all the year round B.its collections date from the Middle Ages C.it has a modern European-style garden D.it sells excellent European glass collections 答案 ‎1.C ‎2.B B组　2014—2017年全国高考题组 Unit 1‎ Passage 1(2017浙江,C)词数:322‎ FLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.‎ Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民)population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.‎ Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.‎ Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.‎ Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people, or about 2 percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy.‎ Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住权)would help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.‎ Italians always “see me as a foreigner,”an outsider, even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.‎ ‎1.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?‎ A.To continue to stay in Italy.‎ B.To teach her children Italian.‎ C.To find a better job in Italy.‎ D.To better mix with the Italians.‎ ‎2.Some people worry that the new language requirement may 　　　. ‎ A.reduce Italy’s population quickly B.cause conflicts among people C.lead to financial difficulties D.put pressure on schools ‎3.What do we know about Cojochru?‎ A.She lives with her sister now in Italy.‎ B.She enjoys learning the Italian language.‎ C.She speaks Italian well enough for her job.‎ D.She wishes to go back to her home country.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.B ‎3.C Passage 2(2017课标全国Ⅰ,A)词数:225‎ Pacific Science Center Guide ‎◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于)upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.‎ ‎◆Hungry?‎ Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body?Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.‎ ‎◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.‎ ‎◆Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情)for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.‎ ‎1.Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?‎ A.In Building 1.　　　B.In Building 3.‎ C.At the Laser Dome.　　　D.At the Denny Way entrance.‎ ‎2.What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?‎ A.Train science teachers.‎ B.Distribute science books.‎ C.Inspire scientific research.‎ D.Take science to the classroom.‎ ‎3.What is the purpose of the last part of the text?‎ A.To encourage donations.‎ B.To advertise coming events.‎ C.To introduce special exhibits.‎ D.To tell about the Center’s history.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.D ‎3.A Passage 3(2017课标全国Ⅱ,A)词数:287‎ In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.‎ National Theatre of China　Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛会)will be the National Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.‎ Date & Time:Saturday 28 April, 2.30pm & Sunday 29 April, 1.30pm & 6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre　Tbilisi|Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指导)by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.‎ Date & Time:Friday 18 May, 2.30pm & Saturday 19 May, 7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre　London|British Sign Language(BSL)‎ By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.‎ Date & Time:Tuesday 22 May, 2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May, 7.30pm Habima National Theatre　Tel Aviv|Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.‎ Date & Time:Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30pm ‎1.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?‎ A.Richard Ⅲ.　　　B.Love’s Labour’s Lost.‎ C.As You Like It.　　　D.The Merchant of Venice.‎ ‎2.What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?‎ A.It has two groups of actors.‎ B.It is the leading theatre in London.‎ C.It performs plays in BSL.‎ D.It is good at producing comedies.‎ ‎3.When can you see a play in Hebrew?‎ A.On Saturday 28 April.‎ B.On Sunday 29 April.‎ C.On Tuesday 22 May.‎ D.On Tuesday 29 May.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.C ‎3.D Passage 4(2017课标全国Ⅲ,A)词数:236‎ San Francisco Fire Engine Tours San Francisco Winery Tour ‎ Running:February 1st through April 30th This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price)‎ Departing from the Cannery:Tour times upon request Duration(时长):2 hours Price:$90‎ Back to the Fifties Tour ‎ Running:August 16th through August 31st This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s!Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.‎ Departing from the Cannery:5:00 pm and 7:30 pm Duration:2 hours Price:$90‎ Spooky Halloween Tour ‎ Running:October 10th through October 31st Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装)is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.‎ Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pm Duration:1 hour and 30 minutes Price:Available upon request Holiday Lights Tour ‎ Running:December 6th through December 23rd This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.‎ Departing from the Cannery:7:00 pm and 9:00 pm Duration:1 hour and 30 minutes Advance reservations required.‎ ‎1.Which of the tours is available in March?‎ A.San Francisco Winery Tour.‎ B.Back to the Fifties Tour.‎ C.Spooky Halloween Tour.‎ D.Holiday Lights Tour.‎ ‎2.What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour?‎ A.Go to Treasure Island.‎ B.Enjoy the holiday scenes.‎ C.Have free ice cream.‎ D.Visit the Presidio district.‎ ‎3.What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?‎ A.Take some drinks.‎ B.Set off early in the morning.‎ C.Wear warm clothes.‎ D.Make reservations in advance.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.C ‎3.D Unit 2‎ Passage 1(2017北京,B)词数:239‎ Inspiring young minds!‎ TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.‎ What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine?‎ Well, it has no ads or promotions inside—instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲学)—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.‎ What’s inside?‎ Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make—the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.‎ Sounds too good to be true?‎ Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.‎ Happy Birthday All Year!‎ What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month?The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.‎ SUBSCRIBE NOW ‎□Annual Subscription Europe ￡55　　　Rest of World ￡65‎ ‎□Annual Subscription with Gift Pack Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe ￡60　　　Rest of World ￡70‎ Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.‎ ‎1.Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?‎ A.It entertains young parents.‎ B.It provides serious advertisements.‎ C.It publishes popular science fictions.‎ D.It combines fun with complex concepts.‎ ‎2.What does TOKNOW offer its readers?‎ A.Online courses.‎ B.Articles on new topics.‎ C.Lectures on a balanced life.‎ D.Reports on scientific discoveries.‎ ‎3.How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?‎ A.￡55.　　　　　B.￡60.　　　　　C.￡65.　　　　　D.￡70.‎ ‎4.Subscribers of TOKNOW would get　　　. ‎ A.free birthday presents B.full refund within 28 days C.membership of the TOKNOW club D.chances to meet the experts in person 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.B ‎3.D ‎4.B Passage 2(2017江苏,A)词数:189‎ CHRONOLOGICA ‎—The Unbelievable Years that Defined History DID YOU KNOW...‎