【英语】2020届二轮复习动词时态和语态学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习动词时态和语态学案

‎2020届二轮复习 动词时态和语态学案 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·浙江台州质检)We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years，but cars are still major source of them.‎ have reduced/have been reducing　[由句中的时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。]‎ ‎2．(2019·浙江十校联考)I just graduated from West Coast University.I (receive) job skill training just before that，but I had never worked.‎ had received　[此处根据just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。]‎ ‎3．(2019·山西太原模拟)Doctors and scientists (learn) a great deal about sleep in the last thirty years.‎ have learned　[根据in the last thirty years可知，本句应用现在完成时。]‎ ‎4．(2019·安徽合肥检测)It's fun for amateurs to try，but to become good at it，not only years of practice but also natural talent (need)．‎ is needed　[考查主谓一致和被动语态。“not only...but also...”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故用is needed。]‎ ‎5．(2019·河南郑州质量预测)A group of people paraded(游行) through the village，two of them dressed as a lion，going into every home to perform a song for good fortune.I (attract) by this and followed the group，taking photos to share with my family.‎ was attracted　[考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语I和动词attract之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎6．(2019·贵州适应性考试)There are many different taboos(禁忌) around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not (allow)．‎ allowed　[考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在that引导的定语从句中关系词that代指a social action，和动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]‎ ‎7．(2019·河北名校联考)The market，which (call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English，was opened in January 2015 and has become a popular spot for locals and tourists.‎ is called　[考查动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时；which(指代The market)与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]‎ ‎8．(2019·浙江嘉兴测试)By that time，she (accept) by Yale University and Harvard University in the U．S.‎ had been accepted　[根据by that time可知，此处用过去完成时，she与accept之间为被动关系，故填had been accepted。]‎ ‎9．(2019·福建五校统考)According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also (express) their great concern about it.‎ expressed　[考查时态。and前后并列时态一致，根据句中showed可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎10．(2018·江西南昌一模)At a young age，he (move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona.‎ moved　[根据时间状语at a young ‎ age可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When summer came，they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables！ ‎ came→comes　[主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来，故用comes。]‎ ‎2．(2016·四川卷)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. ‎ get→got　[根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。]‎ ‎3．(2019·湖北武昌调研)Finally，I work harder than ever and made great progress in my math. ‎ work→worked　[由后面的made可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎4．(2019·陕西西安九校联考)Today，at the local convenience store where I work，an elderly man with a guide dog come in. ‎ come→came　[考查动词的时态。这里叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎5．(2019·安徽师大附中阶段测试)This morning，I got an email from the library. It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up. ‎ picking→picked　[考查动词语态。根据语境可知，pick up和句子逻辑主语book构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。]‎ ‎6．(2019·安徽百所重点高中模拟)It's not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need. ‎ came→come　[根据本句主要时态为一般现在时以及此处描述通常的情况可知，此处应用一般现在时。]‎ ‎7．(2019·山东青岛调研)Tired of sleeping on the floor，a young man ‎ in Teheran bought a real bed.It was the first time that he have become the proud owner of a bed. ‎ have→had　[It was the first time that sb.had done sth.为固定句型。]‎ ‎8．(2019·河南洛阳统考)When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened. ‎ has→had　[考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。]‎ ‎9．(2019·贵阳监测)Once I went to the market with my mum for a big dinner on Saturday.When we were walking past the stalls，a loud noise was caught my attention. ‎ 删除was　[考查动词语态。主语a loud noise与catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。]‎ ‎10．(2019·福建福州考试)Today I've got wonderful news to tell you.I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance. ‎ had→have　[根据句意可知，指过去的动作对现在造成的结果，应用现在完成时。]‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 (以时态和语态为主)‎ The first zoo was established around 3,500 years ago by an Egyptian queen for her 1.personal(person) enjoyment.Five hundred years later，a Chinese emperor 2.built(build) a huge zoo to show his power and wealth.Later zoos were set up for the purpose of studying animals.‎ Some of the early European zoos 3.consisted(consist) of dark holes or dirty cages，the bad conditions of which made people disgusted.Later the zoos 4.were replaced(replace) by research centers and animals there were studied and kept in good condition.These places became the first modern zoos.As early as the 1940s，scientists 5.understood(understand)‎ ‎ that many kinds of wild animals faced extinction.Since then，zoos 6.have been trying(try) to save many endangered species，but relying on zoos 7.to save(save) species is not enough.The best method of protection is to leave them in their natural habitat.‎ Today animals in large and natural reserves are fed a balanced diet and 8.are watched(watch) carefully for any sign of disease.With 9.specially(special) trained keepers looking after them and some hospitals where they can receive treatment when ill，all the animals there live 10.a comfortable life.Anyway，it is true that zoo breeding programs have played an important role in protecting many species of wildlife.‎ Ⅳ.短文改错(以时态和语态为主)‎ Today some classmates and I were served at the Capital Library as volunteers.At 9 o'clock，we gathered at the gate of the library.After getting into the library，we first trained by a librarian on when to operate the computers to borrow or return books.Then，wear the volunteer uniform，we got down to our work.Some help put books on the shelves but some offered assistance to the people who had difficulty using the computers.All of us took our tasks serious.‎ In the late afternoon，we said goodbye to the workers.On the way back，we share our feelings happily.By doing voluntary work，we are able to help others.We all believe volunteering is rewarding and looking forward to doing more voluntary work.‎ 答案：‎ Today some classmates and I were served at the Capital Library as volunteers.At 9 o'clock，we gathered at the gate of the library.After getting into the library，we first trained by a librarian on to operate the computers to borrow or return books.Then， the ‎ volunteer uniform，we got down to our work.Some put books on the shelves some offered assistance to the people who had difficulty using the computers.All of us took our tasks .‎ In the late afternoon，we said goodbye to the workers.On the way back，we our feelings happily.By doing voluntary work，we able to help others.We all believe volunteering is rewarding and 或 forward to doing more voluntary work. ‎