【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解补全阅读(七选五)类型试题解题指导学案（29页word版）(1)

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解补全阅读(七选五)类型试题解题指导学案（29页word版）(1)

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解补全阅读(七选五)类型试题解题指导学案 ‎【考情探究】‎ ‎　　卷名 考点　　‎ ‎2018.11‎ ‎2018.6‎ ‎2017.11‎ ‎2017.6‎ ‎2016.10‎ 考查内容 体裁 议论文 说明文 说明文 说明文 说明文 文章补全阅读主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及意群上下文逻辑的理解和掌握 题材 社交方式要 因人而异 如何和新邻居 相处 如何记住你 所读的内容 如何做街头 采访 青少年如何丰富 自己的生活 词数 ‎363‎ ‎256‎ ‎330‎ ‎319‎ ‎314‎ 主旨句 ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ 过渡句 ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ 细节句 ‎4‎ ‎3‎ ‎3‎ ‎2‎ ‎3‎ 分析解读　　1.文章补全阅读要求考生阅读一篇300 词左右的文章,文章中有五处句子空缺,然后从短文后所提供的七个选项中为每个空缺处选择一个最佳选项。其中有两项多余。2.文章补全阅读主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握。主要有主旨句、细节句、过渡句三种形式,其中细节句居多。3.补全阅读的文章一般为说明文和议论文,且文章结构清晰完整,内容符合逻辑,适合考查概括标题、主旨句以及过渡句和通过上下文确定符合逻辑的细节句。‎ ‎【真题典例】‎ ‎　　Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted ‎ 七选五阅读理解文章一般为说明文或议论文,‎ and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. 　1　 ‎ Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产)neat, clean, and in good repair.　2　 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. ‎ Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 　3　 This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area. ‎ ‎　4　 If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor. ‎ ‎　5　 By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates. ‎ A.In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.‎ B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.‎ C.Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.‎ D.Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.‎ E.Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.‎ F.People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.‎ G.Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.‎ 其中说明文居多。文章结构比较清楚。一般考查三个方面:对文章结构的把握——主旨句和过渡句;对段落内容的归纳——主旨句;意群上下文的理解——细节句。‎ 本文第一段提出问题,所填句子起到承上启下的作用,引出下文的详细说明,是过渡句。‎ 第二、三、四段分别介绍了三个做好邻居的注意事项。‎ 第五段回归主题,对文章给予总结。‎ 解题思路 ‎1.G　本句为过渡句。文章第一段是引子,而第二段开始是具体的建议,因此此处选G,起到了承上启下的作用。‎ ‎2.F　本句为细节句。设空处前句中的to keep your property neat, clean, and in good repair以及设空处后句中的keep the outside of the home in great shape都与F项中的keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting对应,故选择F项。‎ ‎3.E　本句为细节句。设空处前句提到散步时带一个垃圾袋,与E项中的come across waste paper..., pick it up相对应。‎ ‎4.B　本句为主旨句。B选项中的help out in small ways与本段的主旨一致,整段内容都是在说你可以在邻居需要时及时提供一些帮助,故选择B项。‎ ‎5.C　本句为主旨句。最后一段的功能为总结全文,也是对第一段中提到的主旨(如何成为一个好邻居)进行呼应,故选择C项。‎ 过专题 ‎【五年高考】‎ A组　2018年全国高考题组 Passage 1(2018浙江11月)‎ Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”? Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet?　1　 ‎ Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies(礼节). But many social norms(规范)just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication. ‎ Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette, asked, “At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?”‎ ‎　2　Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail. ‎ This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners. 　3　Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, “Ahoy!” Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications. ‎ In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about:the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map.　4　And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail. ‎ How to handle these differing standards? Easy:Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 　5　In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do. ‎ A.Then there is voice mail.‎ B.Others, like me, want no reply.‎ C.But people still ask these things.‎ D.Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?‎ E. Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life?‎ F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.‎ G. When the telephone was invented, people didn’t know how to greet a caller.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.A ‎3.G ‎4.C ‎5.B Passage 2(2018课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?　1　, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. ‎ Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.　2　, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. ‎ ‎　3　. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls ‎ and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. ‎ Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.　4　. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. ‎ The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.　5　. ‎ A.While all of them are useful B.Whatever you’re looking for C.If you’re experimenting with a color D.Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E.It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F.So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.A ‎3.D ‎4.G ‎5.F Passage 3(2018课标全国Ⅱ)‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed!With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.　1　Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. ‎ ‎●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.　2　 ‎ ‎●Your metabolism(新陈代谢)gets a head start.　3　If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. ‎ ‎●　4　Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. ‎ ‎●　5　If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. ‎ There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!You will feel energized all day long.‎ A.You will stick to your diet.‎ B.Your quality of sleep improves.‎ C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.‎ D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.‎ E.You can keep your head clear for 4—10 hours after exercise.‎ F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.‎ G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!‎ 答案 ‎1.G ‎2.E ‎3.F ‎4.B ‎5.A Passage 4(2018课标全国Ⅲ)‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.‎ ‎　1　 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. ‎ ‎“I adore dancing,”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.”Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 　2　 It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.” ‎ ‎　3　 “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 　4　” ‎ So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier?Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 　5　 I find it hard to stop!Dancing reminds me I’m alive.” ‎ A.So why do we dance?‎ B.Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.‎ C.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.‎ D.My older students say it makes them feel young.‎ E.I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.‎ F.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.‎ G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.D ‎3.A ‎4.F ‎5.E Passage 5(2018北京)‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Why Do We Get Angry?‎ Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发)events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations.　1　 ‎ Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples:being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.　2　The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits. ‎ Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry.　3　Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. ‎ ‎　4　Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的)outlooks on situations can create anger. ‎ ‎　5　However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings. ‎ A.Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.‎ B.But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.‎ C.Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.‎ D.Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.‎ E.Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.‎ F.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.‎ G.Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.‎ 答案 ‎1.F ‎2.G ‎3.E ‎4.A ‎5.D B组　2014—2017年全国高考题组 Passage 1(2017浙江6月)‎ How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.　1　But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy. ‎ ‎·When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask,“Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”　2　 ‎ ‎·Hit the streets with confidence.　3　Say,“Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you. ‎ ‎·Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don’t get discouraged.‎ ‎·　4　Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.　5　 ‎ ‎·If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.‎ A.Limit your time.‎ B.As you approach people, be polite.‎ C.If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.‎ D.For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.‎ E.To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.‎ F.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.‎ G.With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.G ‎3.B ‎4.A ‎5.F Passage 2(2017课标全国Ⅰ)‎ If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 　1　 ‎ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 　2　 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning. ‎ I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 　3　 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. ‎ ‎　4　We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. ‎ ‎　5　It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. ‎ A.This time there was no tent.‎ B.Things are going to be improved.‎ C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.‎ D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.‎ E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.‎ F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.‎ G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.C ‎3.A ‎4.F ‎5.E Passage 3(2017课标全国Ⅱ)‎ Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.　1　, there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now. ‎ ‎　2　. Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time. ‎ When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.　3　. It can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions. ‎ When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office.　4　, it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are. ‎ If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.　5　. If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed. ‎ A.If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B.When you want to avoid interruptions at work C.Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D.If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E.It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G.Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.A ‎3.E ‎4.D ‎5.G Passage 4(2017北京)‎ Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 　1　 ‎ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 　2　We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强)connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. ‎ Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 　3　 ‎ Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 　4　 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. ‎ If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night’s sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.‎ Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 　5　“You keep what matters,” Tononi says. ‎ A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.‎ B.It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.‎ C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.‎ D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.‎ E.That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.‎ F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.‎ G.Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.‎ 答案 ‎1.C ‎2.E ‎3.F ‎4.G ‎5.B Passage 5(2016浙江10月)‎ How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard.　1　 ‎ ‎●Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.　2　 ‎ ‎●Do good in your community(社区).Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression(抑郁)than people who don’t.　3　 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself. ‎ ‎●　4　Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes.　5　 You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now. ‎ A.Live life to the fullest.‎ B.School sets you up on the right track!‎ C.Be nice to your parents and teachers.‎ D.Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.‎ E.It will help you pass time and develop your personality.‎ F.Here are some important points that you may find helpful.‎ G.Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.‎ 答案 ‎1.F ‎2.B ‎3.D ‎4.C ‎5.G Passage 6(2016课标全国Ⅰ)‎ Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.‎ People have used secret codes for thousands of years.　1　Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. ‎ There are three main types of cryptography.　2　For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.” ‎ ‎　3　You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.” ‎ A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.　4　For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand for “me”.The message“Bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”　5　However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. ‎ A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.‎ B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.‎ C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.‎ D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.‎ E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.‎ F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.‎ G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.E ‎3.G ‎4.F ‎5.A Passage 7(2016课标全国Ⅱ)‎ A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?　1　.But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. ‎ ‎●　2　 ‎ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).　3　.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. ‎ ‎●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important.　4　—how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.　5　.Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun. ‎ A.Know why you garden B.Find a good place for your own garden C.It’s our experience of the garden that matters D.It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G.For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have 答案 ‎1.F ‎2.A ‎3.E ‎4.C ‎5.G Passage 8(2016课标全国Ⅲ)‎ Everyone knows that fish is good for health.　1　But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 　2　 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. ‎ ‎　3　 Fresh fish should smell sweet:you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 　4　When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one. ‎ There are many common methods used to cook fish. 　5　First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then, it’s ready to serve. ‎ A.Do not buy it.‎ B.The easiest is to steam it.‎ C.This is how you can do it.‎ D.It just requires a little knowledge.‎ E.The fish will go bad within hours.‎ F.When buying fish, you should first smell it.‎ G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.‎ 答案 ‎1.G ‎2.D ‎3.F ‎4.A ‎5.B Passage 9(2016四川)‎ Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 　1　In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological. ‎ One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 　2　Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones ‎ also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. ‎ ‎　3　They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example:women, on average, get fewer colds than men. ‎ ‎　4　Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(倾向)to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.　5　 ‎ A.However, women, on average, live longer.‎ B.The biological factor plays an important part.‎ C.Women are also helped by their female genes.‎ D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.‎ E.Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.‎ F.Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.‎ G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.G ‎3.D ‎4.C ‎5.E Passage 10(2016北京)‎ The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.　1　Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. ‎ The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.　2　 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. ‎ So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a ‎ few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.　3　 ‎ No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.　4　To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. ‎ ‎　5　For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. ‎ As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.‎ A.It all depends on your character.‎ B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.‎ C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.‎ D.Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.‎ E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.‎ F.However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.‎ G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.‎ 答案 ‎1.F ‎2.C ‎3.A ‎4.E ‎5.G Passage 11(2015课标全国Ⅰ)‎ Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.　1　Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. ‎ Unfortunately,we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.　2　It’s understandable,but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there. ‎ ‎●　3　Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. ‎ ‎●　4　If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,we’ll have our trust tested or violated. ‎ ‎●You didn’t lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.　5　Instead,it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. ‎ A.Learn to really trust yourself.‎ B.It is putting confidence in someone.‎ C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.‎ D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.‎ E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.‎ F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.‎ G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.E ‎3.A ‎4.C ‎5.G Passage 12(2015北京)‎ This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant,especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.　1　They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. ‎ But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.　2　Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? ‎ So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?‎ First,understand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.　3　And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming,try ‎ to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple,like taking a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings. ‎ It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”,being focused,is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.　4　 ‎ Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.　5　 ‎ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.‎ A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.‎ B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.‎ C.Without wandering minds,we wouldn’t have relativity,Coke or Post-it notes.‎ D.At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.‎ E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.‎ F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to understand.‎ G.Therefore,it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.C ‎3.A ‎4.E ‎5.G Passage 13(2014课标全国Ⅰ)‎ The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.　1　By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. ‎ ‎1.Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious.　2　Ask kids,“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better?What could we try next time? ‎ ‎2.Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.　3　There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting ‎ with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. ‎ ‎3.Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what’s going on inside our own head,but what about others?Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.　4　“Why do you think she’s crying?”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you,how would you feel?” ‎ ‎4.Self Expression ‎　5　There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music,acting,drawing,building,photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. ‎ A.Encourage kids to cook with you.‎ B.And we can’t forget science education.‎ C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.‎ D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?‎ E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.‎ F.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.‎ G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.A ‎3.C ‎4.F ‎5.G Passage 14(2014课标全国Ⅱ)‎ Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule From my experience,there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often:ability,money,and time.　1　Money is a topic I’ll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: ‎ ‎1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook?Do you have the right materials already?　2　 ‎ ‎2.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal,make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread?　3　It takes ‎ around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal. ‎ ‎3.　4　This may surprise you,but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try,the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule. ‎ Hopefully that gives you a good start.　5　 And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! ‎ A.Try new things.‎ B.Ability is easily improved.‎ C.Make three or four instead.‎ D.Understand your food better.‎ E.Cooking is a burden for many people.‎ F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.‎ G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.G ‎3.C ‎4.A ‎5.F Passage 15(2014北京)‎ Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.　1　 ‎ Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.　2　 ‎ Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.　3　Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. ‎ Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.　4　Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术). ‎ ‎　5　Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. ‎ Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.‎ A.Make choices that are right for you.‎ B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.‎ C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.‎ D.And examine the findings of the original research.‎ E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.‎ F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.‎ G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.‎ 答案 ‎1.G ‎2.D ‎3.F ‎4.B ‎5.A ‎【三年模拟】‎ A组　2017—2019年模拟·基础题组 Passage 1(2019浙江金华十校期末)‎ Flu(流感)can be very dangerous although in most people the illness may last only a week or two. Getting a flu vaccine(疫苗)every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu.　1　 ‎ Recognize flu symptoms(症状). Before you can effectively treat the flu, make sure that’s what you actually have.　2　Common symptoms of flu include a serious cough, a sore throat, fever above 100°F, headaches, weakness and so on while symptoms of the common cold usually include a mild cough, low-grade or no fever as well as slight aches. ‎ ‎　3　In some extreme cases, the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization. You need to see a doctor immediately if you are experiencing the following symptoms:shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing;chest pain or pressure;blueish skin tone or purplish lips;a severe headache or neck pain. ‎ Get some rest. Sometimes it’s possible to keep working or going to school with a cold, but when you have the flu, it’s important to rest. 　4　Since the flu may spread by contact, staying home is as considerate as it is necessary for your recovery. ‎ Take vitamin C.Vitamin C is essential for your health. Studies suggest that a proper amount of vitamin C can help remove cold and flu symptoms. Take 1,000mg per hour for the first six hours as soon as symptoms appear. Then take 1,000mg three times daily. 　5　Though it rarely happens, too much of it may get you poisoned. ‎ A.Know when to seek emergency medical treatment.‎ B.But if you get the flu, it pays to learn how to treat it.‎ C.Take a few days off to give your body time to recover.‎ D.Orange juice is another good source of natural vitamin C.‎ E.Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms, but more severe.‎ F.You can remove the discomfort of fever by using a cool cloth.‎ G.Do not continue to take too much vitamin C after you feel better.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.E ‎3.A ‎4.C ‎5.G Passage 2(2019浙江温州十五校联合体)‎ If you’d love to be more eco-friendly but don’t know where to begin, start with a few small changes.　1　 ‎ ‎◆Adjust your thermostat(恒温器)to save on heating and cooling costs. 　2　In summer, set your thermostat to 78°F when you’re at home and raise the temperature when you’re away. In winter, turn your thermostat to 68°F and lower it by 5°F to 10°F when you’re sleeping or out of your house. To stay warm in winter, put on a sweater or another layer instead of turning up the thermostat. ‎ ‎◆Turn off lights and unplug power strips that you’re not using. 　3　Some devices can still use energy even when they’re turned off. So, turn off the power strips at night to completely cut off energy use. If you need to leave your computer or TV on, try setting it to the sleep mode. ‎ ‎◆Make your taps and toilets low-flow. Cut back on water waste by installing a flow restrictor(节流装置)inside your taps and installing a low-flow shower head in your bathroom. This can save 3 to 4 gallons of water for every minute. If you’re replacing a toilet, look for a low-flow one to save thousands of gallons of water a year.　4　 ‎ ‎◆　5　Adjust your washing machine to use cold water instead of warm. Since more energy is spent drying the clothes, skip the machine and hang your washed clothes on a clothesline. If you don’t have space for a clothesline or can’t hang clothes outside, set up a clothes drying rack that you can use inside. Try running your clothes through an extra spin cycle to remove even more water from the clothes. This will make them dry quicker. ‎ A.This is an easy way to reduce energy use.‎ B.Wash your clothes with cold water and line dry them. ‎ C.Replace burned-out light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs.‎ D.Remember to fix leaky taps or toilets as soon as you notice water dripping.‎ E.By doing some small things at home, you can easily reduce your carbon footprint.‎ F.Choose sustainable options when you purchase things that are normally packaged in plastic.‎ G.Use less energy during summer and winter months by controlling your heating and cooling bills.‎ 答案 ‎1.E ‎2.G ‎3.A ‎4.D ‎5.B Passage 3(2019浙江湖州期末联考)‎ Ways to increase your chances of a good night’s rest Experts have found more evidence of the harm caused by disturbing our body clocks, linking it to depression and mental disorders. It’s a warning to our body’s natural rhythms, which influence our sleep as well as a range of other processes in our body. Here are the things we can do for a good night’s sleep.‎ ‎·Limit evening light. Are you inseparable from your mobile phone?Do you check your social media late into the night?　1　These devices produce powerful blue light that is particularly bad for our sleep. Having a cut-off time for stopping using these devices of an hour and a half before bed is ideal. We should also limit other forms of electric light. ‎ ‎·　2　A glass or two of wine, or a sip or two of brandy, for many is a pre-bed routine. But despite what you might think, experts say that a glass of wine before bedtime actually doesn’t improve our sleep. Alcohol has a strange effect in that it makes it easier to fall asleep, but it makes it harder to stay asleep and it affects the quality of our sleep. ‎ ‎·Be consistent. It may be tempting to stay up late on Friday or Saturday. 　3　This helps to reduce the social mismatch between when we sleep during the working day and the weekend. The bigger the social mismatch, the more harmful it is for health. ‎ ‎·Have a pre-bed routine. Having a pre-bed routine helps signal to our bodies that it’s time for sleep. Activities such as reading a book or having a bath can help to mentally relax and get us ready for bed. Parents do this with their children to get good sleep. They have a set routine where they feed, bath their children and put them into bed.　4　 ‎ ‎·Make your bedroom a place of rest. Easily portable computers and phones have transformed our bedrooms from sanctuaries(保护区)of rest into places of entertainment. But if we want to increase our chances of a good night’s rest, we need to get them back for sleep. 　5　Keeping your bedroom cool is also important because it’s easier for our bodies to sleep in colder temperatures. ‎ A.Avoid a night wine.‎ B.Get a good night’s sleep.‎ C.If so, you’re likely to be disturbing your sleep.‎ D.There’s nothing around them and then they read them a story.‎ E.Our body clocks are designed to follow the time of our sleep.‎ F.To do this we should keep phones and computers in other rooms.‎ G.However, ideally we should go to bed at similar times throughout the week.‎ 答案 ‎1.C ‎2.A ‎3.G ‎4.D ‎5.F Passage 4(2019华北大联考)‎ On many websites, experts share advice on how to achieve your life goals. Most of the experts agree on one thing:　1　Here are some ideas on how to start your day on the right foot. ‎ ‎·Get up an hour early.‎ People who get up early in the morning get a jump on the day. In American English, we like to say, “The early bird gets the worm.” Here, if you were a bird, the worm would be the reward.　2　Therefore, they are more likely to succeed. ‎ ‎·Exercise!‎ Some people may disagree with this one. Exercising in the morning may not be for everyone. Some people like to exercise after work or at night. However, at the end of the day, you may not have the time or energy to exercise.　3　 ‎ ‎·Think about your day at night.‎ Take time at the end of the day to think back on all the things that have happened. And spend a little time thinking about tomorrow. 　4　But it may help you to prepare if you take a few minutes to think about what you need to do next day.　5　But that’s fine. If you have done one thing, that means you are one step closer to your goal. ‎ A.This is not the best way to start your day.‎ B.Starting your day in a right way is most important.‎ C.You probably won’t have time to do everything you’ve planned.‎ D.You’ve already gotten your exercise!‎ E.Exercising in the morning prevents that from happening.‎ F.So this expression means that people who rise early have an advantage.‎ G.Some people who talk about “living in the present” may disagree with this.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.F ‎3.E ‎4.G ‎5.C Passage 5(2018浙江宁波十校联考)‎ Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. 　1　 At parties, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too much of society is using smartphones while driving and as a result getting into car crashes. Thirty-four percent of teens admit texting while driving. 　2　 People’s attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others. ‎ Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. We are starting to get ‎ used to people seemingly talking to themselves everywhere. 　3　 It is actually sending a message to that friend:the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. 　4　 ‎ As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. This technology is seriously preventing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. 　5　 ‎ A.And they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption.‎ B.Face-to-face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.‎ C.Overdependence on the smartphone gives rise to many problems.‎ D.It is true that we can make new friends using smartphones.‎ E.Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact face to face but it is also lowering society’s ability to communicate.‎ F.When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send text messages in the presence of a friend.‎ G.This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.‎ 答案 ‎1.G ‎2.A ‎3.F ‎4.B ‎5.E B组　2017—2019年模拟·综合题组 Passage 1(2019浙江七彩阳光联盟)‎ Before You Take a Test It’s important to prepare well for big tests—especially for exams like the TOEFL, IELTS(雅思)or First Certificate in English(FCE). This guide will help you take steps towards doing your very best on the big day.‎ Know Your Test ‎　1　Reading test-specific preparation materials will help you understand your strengths and weaknesses on specific topic areas covered in the test. ‎ Understanding which types of problems are easiest and which are most difficult will help you develop a study plan for the test. While developing your plan, take note of grammar, vocabulary, listening, speaking and writing expectations.　2　 ‎ Practice, Practice, Practice Once you have established a study plan, you’ll need to do lots of practice.　3　 ‎ Practice Specific Types of Test Problems So you’ve studied up on your grammar, writing, and vocabulary, now you’ll need to apply these skills to specific types of exercises you will find on your exam.‎ Take Practice Tests ‎　4　For this purpose, the best thing to do is to purchase one of the many books that provide practice tests for the TOEFL, IELTS or other exams. ‎ Prepare Yourself—Test Taking Strategy(策略)‎ Shortly before the big day, you’ll also want to spend some time developing specific test taking skills.‎ ‎　5　 ‎ Prepare Yourself—Understand the Test Structure When you understand the general techniques required to do well on a test, you’ll also want to study specific exercise techniques to help you develop a strategy for each type of question.‎ A.First things first:Find out about the test!‎ B.Also,take note of specific exercise types on your exam.‎ C.If you need to take an English test for study at a university you have a few choices.‎ D.These skills include strategies on multiple choice questions,timing, and other issues.‎ E.Practice includes reading,writing and listening.‎ F.There are a number of resources to help students prepare for the test.‎ G.It is necessary for you to practice taking the test as often as possible.‎ 答案 ‎1.A ‎2.B ‎3.E ‎4.G ‎5.D Passage 2(2019浙江宁波五校)‎ What if We Don’t Get Along?‎ Teachers want to get along with you and enjoy seeing you learn. But teachers and students sometimes have personality clashes(人格冲突).　1　If you show your teacher that you want to make the situation better, he or she will probably do ‎ everything possible to make that happen. Take these steps if the problem seems difficult to solve: ‎ Talk to an adult you trust, such as a parent, guidance counselor, or both.‎ ‎　2　You may not feel immediately comfortable with your teachers, but that may change as you get to know one another. ‎ If you’ve given it time, talk with your parents about what to do next. Lots of times, a meeting can be set up to discuss the problem.　3　Everyone’s goal should be to create trust and kindness. ‎ Your relationship with your teachers is often your first chance to develop a “business relationship”. It is different from your family relationships and friendships, which are built on affection and love.　4　But they don’t necessarily need to be good friends or like each other a lot. They simply need to respect one another, be polite, and stay focused on the jobs at hand. ‎ When you act this way, and remember that you’re not the only kid in the class, you are helping your teacher.　5　Teachers also like it when students follow directions and when they learn and obey the rules of the classroom. For instance, there may be rules about listening when another student is talking, about taking turns, or about raising your hand when you want to say something or ask a question. ‎ A.Give it time.‎ B.This can happen between any two people.‎ C.This may clear the air and make things better.‎ D.Your teacher is likely to notice this and appreciate it.‎ E.Therefore, those teachers rarely show respect towards their students.‎ F.A teacher cannot necessarily answer all the questions his students ask.‎ G.In a business relationship, both parties get something out of the relationship.‎ 答案 ‎1.B ‎2.A ‎3.C ‎4.G ‎5.D Passage 3(2019浙江名校协作体高三联考)‎ Just Do It Today, Not Tomorrow You’re about to call your grandma and you figure you’ll call her as soon as you finish your after-school snack. But then you decide to catch up on your favorite TV series, and after that you decide to upload the pictures and then.... Before you know it, it’s time for bed. And you still haven’t called your grandma. Uh-oh.‎ ‎　1　But is this your day, every day?Are you always dragging your feet until the last minute and then rushing around to get it all done?Then listen up, because we can help you stop putting things off and start getting things done. ‎ ‎1.Get organized—make a list!‎ Write everything down, and be sure to include when it needs to be completed.　2　And make it fun—buy a cute notebook just for your to-do lists, and give yourself a happy face sticker every time you complete a task. Or, if you prefer to go digital, try note-taking apps, or just keep your list in the“notes”feature on your phone or pad. ‎ ‎2.Reward yourself.‎ ‎　3　For smaller jobs, promise yourself one TV series of your favorite YouTube show, or an uninterrupted 15 minutes reading your favorite book. For bigger accomplishments, like finishing up a huge school project, see if your parents will agree to something special, like a sleepover with your two best friends, or“just the two of us”breakfast with Mom or Dad. ‎ ‎3.　4　 ‎ When a project seems overwhelming, it’s so easy to come up with an excuse to postpone. So set small goals instead. For example, if you’re studying for a final exam, put each chapter you need to review on your to-do list, and then work on checking off one chapter a night the week before the exam. Thus, you won’t be stuck staying up late trying to cram everything in the night before the test—so not fun.‎ ‎4.Face your fears.‎ Sometimes you might put off doing something that you really want to do, like taking tennis lessons. If fear is holding you back, just remember that everyone had to start somewhere.　5　So stop delaying, and get moving! ‎ With just a few small changes, you’ll be able to get things done on time. So what are you waiting for?‎ A.Once you identify the reason, you can figure out which strategy will help you tackle the task.‎ B.Just do it.‎ C.You won’t be a beginner forever, and the longer you put it off, the harder it will be.‎ D.We all have those days when we just don’t get enough done.‎ E.As you finish the task, put a big check mark next to it!‎ F.Break it down.‎ G.For those things that just aren’t that exciting to do, reward yourself for getting them done.‎ 答案 ‎1.D ‎2.E ‎3.G ‎4.F ‎5.C Passage 4(2019浙江五校联考)‎ Stress occurs when you feel that demands placed on you—such as work, school or relationships—are beyond your ability.　1　However, untreated long-term stress can result in serious health conditions including anxiety, insomnia, muscle pain, high blood pressure and a weakened immune system. 　2　Everyone is different, and so are the ways they choose to manage their stress. Some people prefer pursuing hobbies such as gardening, playing music and creating art, while others find relief in more solitary(独自的)activities:meditation, yoga and walking.　3　 ‎ Do some exercise. The research keeps growing—exercise benefits your mind just as well as your body. We keep hearing about the long-term benefits of a regular exercise routine. But even a 20-minute walk, run, swim or dance session in the midst of a stressful time can give an immediate effect that can last for several hours.‎ ‎　4　It may seem difficult to get away from a big work project, a crying baby or a growing credit card bill. But when you give yourself permission to step away from it, you let yourself have time to do something else, which can help you have a new perspective or practice techniques to feel less overwhelmed. It’s important not to avoid your stress(those bills have to be paid sometime), but even just 20 minutes to take care of yourself is helpful. ‎ Smile and laugh. Our brains are interconnected with our emotions and facial expressions. When people are stressed, they often hold a lot of the stress in their face. So laughs or smiles can help relieve some of that tension and improve the situation.‎ Try meditation. Meditation and mindful prayer help the mind and body to relax and focus. Mindfulness can help people see new perspectives, develop self-compassion and forgiveness. 　5　Much like exercise, research has shown that even meditating briefly can bring immediate benefits. ‎ A.Take a break from the stressor.‎ B.Get some social support from whatever sources you can access.‎ C.Too much stress can affect body systems and cause mental problems.‎ D.Here are four healthy techniques that may help reduce stress in the short and long term.‎ E.But by finding positive, healthy ways, many of these negative health consequences can be reduced.‎ F.When practicing mindfulness, people can release emotions contributing to the body physical stress.‎ G.Some stress can be beneficial at times, producing a boost that helps people get through tough situations.‎ 答案 ‎1.G ‎2.E ‎3.D ‎4.A ‎5.F Passage 5(2018浙江稽阳联考)‎ Too much sun can do more than turn your skin red or brown. It can actually make you sick. Here are some symptoms of sun poisoning.‎ ‎　1　 ‎ Summer isn’t exactly the flu season, so if you have flu-like symptoms after a long day in the sun, you may be to blame. “When the skin is damaged by UV rays, it releases chemicals that make you feel terrible like you’ve got the flu,”says John Anthony, MD, dermatologist at Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. 　2　 It is often the term used for a severe case of sunburn. So, when you turn the corner from uncomfortable redness to a deep redness that makes you feel sick, that’s a sign you’ve been out too much. ‎ ‎　3　 ‎ ‎“A lot of these symptoms can be caused by a combination of too much sun and dehydration(脱水).”says Dr. Anthony. If your head feels off, or you have a headache, find shade immediately.‎ You have a fever.‎ A fever is a sign that something’s not right with your body. If your temperature rises once you’re out of the sun and you feel generally unwell, play it safe and call your doctor or head to urgent care.“　4　 Better safe than sorry,”says Dr. Anthony. ‎ You fall asleep in the sun.‎ ‎“I usually see sun poisoning in people who fall asleep in the sun and then get burned terribly.”says Dr. Anthony. 　5　 It could happen as soon as you get inside or take over while you’re sleeping that night. So if you’ve accidentally spent an entire afternoon catching rays on unprotected skin, take precautions even if you feel just fine. ‎ A.Your skin has a red swelling.‎ B.You feel dizzy or lightheaded.‎ C.You feel like you have the flu.‎ D.Without enough water, your body can’t function properly.‎ E.Sun poisoning doesn’t really mean you’ve been poisoned.‎ F.The time it takes for sunburn to reach its maximum burn varies.‎ G.If you have a fever and chill, it’s a good idea to see or call a doctor.‎ 答案 ‎1.C ‎2.E ‎3.B ‎4.G ‎5.F Passage 6(2017浙江嘉兴一中10月月考)‎ If I were a boy again, I would practice perseverance more often, and never give up a thing because it was hard or inconvenient. if we want light, we must conquer darkness. 　1　 “There are only two creatures,” says a proverb, “who can surmount(越过)the pyramids—the eagle and the snail.” ‎ If I were a boy again, I would fall into a habit of attention. I would let nothing come between me and the subject in hand. 　2　 The habit of attention becomes part of our life, if we begin early enough. ‎ I often hear grown-up people say “I could not fix my attention on the lecture or book, although I wished to do so.”The reason is that the habit was not formed in youth.‎ If I were a boy again, I would cultivate courage. “Nothing is so mild and gentle as courage, nothing so cruel and pitiless as cowardice(怯懦),” says a wise author. 　3　 The fear of ill exceeds(超过)the ill we fear. Dangers will arise in any career, but presence of mind will often conquer the worst of them.　4　 ‎ If I were a boy again, I would look at the bright side. Life is very much like a mirror:if you smile at it, it smiles back at you; but if you frown, you will get a similar look in return. Inner sunshine warms not only the heart of the owner, but of all that come in contact with it.‎ ‎　5　 I might write pages on the importance of learning very early in life to gain that point where a young boy can stand straight and decline doing an unworthy act because it is unworthy. ‎ Finally, instead of trying hard to be happy, as if that were the sole purpose of life, I would, if I were a boy again, try still harder to make others happy.‎ A.It’s easy to give up.‎ B.If I were a boy again, I would school myself to say “No” often.‎ C.We often look for trouble, and expect that may never appear.‎ D.I would remember that a good skater never tries to skate in two directions at once.‎ E.If I were a boy again, I would demand of myself more courtesy towards my companions and friends and indeed towards strangers as well.‎ F.Perseverance can sometimes equal genius in its results.‎ G.Be prepared for any fate, and there is nothing to fear.‎ 答案 ‎1.F ‎2.D ‎3.C ‎4.G ‎5.B