【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空原创试题10篇训练之四（含有解析）学案（11页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空原创试题10篇训练之四（含有解析）学案（11页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习 短文语法填空原创试题10篇训练之四 ‎【一】‎ Welcome back to the hot topic of studying abroad! Last time, we talked about the general “software” needed to have a __1__ (success) studying experience overseas, __2__ refers to the ability to understand western culture, and problemsolving skills when __3__ (face) critical situations, etc.‎ Now, I will dig deeper into the concept of “software”. Everyone is talking about culture shock nowadays, but you may wonder what it actually __4__ (mean). Put simply: culture shock is the difficulty people may experience when being exposed and adjusting to a __5__ (remarkable) different new culture. Usually, people often go __6__ four distinct phases: the honeymoon phase, the negotiation phase, the adjustment phase and the mastery phase. Culture shock can happen immediately upon your __7__ (arrive) in the country.‎ For international students, perhaps the most direct impact of culture shock is the variety of accents, especially in multicultural countries __8__ the US, Canada or Australia. There are two main reasons.Firstly, these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural __9__ (background). Secondly, there are many international students from all around the world every year studying in these countries, so you shouldn’t be surprised __10__ (find) all kinds of unfamiliar accents around the university campus.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要就文化冲突这一话题进行了讨论。‎ ‎1．successful　修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词successful修饰名词experience。‎ ‎2．which　which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为software。‎ ‎3．facing　当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，可省略从句主语和be动词的某种形式。“when facing”省略了“we are”，故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎4．means　mean在此处是动词，意为“意味着”，且由上下文时态可知，应用一般现在时。‎ ‎5．remarkably　空处应用副词remarkably修饰形容词different。‎ ‎6．through　go through“经历”，符合语境。‎ ‎7．arrival/arriving　介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填arrival或arriving作介词upon的宾语。‎ ‎8．like　根据“the US, Canada or Australia”可知，此处表示列举，故用介词like“例如，像”。‎ ‎9．backgrounds　由different可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎10．to find　be surprised to do sth.“吃惊地去做某事”，故用不定式形式。‎ ‎【二】‎ A computer program has beaten a human champion at the ancient Chinese board game Go. It marked an important advance for the __1__ (develop) of artificial intelligence. The program, __2__ (call) AlphaGo, had taught itself how to win. It beat the European champion in all five games of a match in October. The developers say __3__ (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve realworld problems. Those could include making medical diagnoses and __4__ (conduct) scientific research.‎ Previously computers have beaten humans in other __5__ (game). But among classic games, Go has long been viewed as the most challenging for artificial intelligence to master.‎ Go originated in China more than 2,500 years ago. __6__ game involves two players who take turns putting markers on a checkerboardlike grid. The object is to surround more area on the board with the markers than one’s opponent (对手). Players obtain the opponent’s pieces __7__ surrounding them. The rules are simple, __8__ playing it is not. It’s probably the most complex game ever created by humans.‎ Martin Mueller, a computing science professor, __9__ (work) on Go programs for 30 years. He said, “The new program is really a big step up from everything else __10__ we’ve seen. It’s a very impressive piece of work.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了阿尔法围棋人机大战事件。‎ ‎1．development　根据冠词the和后面的介词of可知，此处应填名词development。‎ ‎2．called　call和句子谓语had taught之间没有连词，故应用非谓语动词，且和句子主语The program构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎3．its　此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词ability。‎ ‎4．conducting　根据and可知，此处与making并列，故用动名词conducting。‎ ‎5．games　game是可数名词，且没有冠词修饰，故用复数形式。‎ ‎6．The　此处的game特指上文中的Go，故用定冠词修饰。‎ ‎7．by　根据语境可知，此处表示通过的含义，故用介词by，后跟动名词surrounding作宾语。‎ ‎8．but　根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but连接两个并列句。‎ ‎9．has worked　由“for 30 years”可知，此处用现在完成时；主语为Martin Mueller，故应填has worked。‎ ‎10．that　that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词everything else。‎ ‎【三】‎ Dogs are __1__ very popular pet. Most of them just live with their families. But some dogs have very special jobs __2__ (do). A group of dogs __3__ (know)as “Therapy Dogs”. These dogs are family pets with special training, __4__ allows them to go into public buildings and comfort people __5__ need. The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet. Loud ‎ noises and unfamiliar places don’t frighten them. They enjoy spending time with people.‎ Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes. When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered up. They have fun __6__ (pet) the dogs and look forward to their visits. The dogs help to brighten their day. Therapy dogs can improve people’s health as well. Studies show that when people pet animals, their blood __7__ (press) and heart rates go down. They are calmer and __8__ (they) mood improves.‎ Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries. They serve as warm and caring __9__ (friend) to children, but they also do __10__ (much). In one town in California, therapy dogs have become children’s reading buddies. The dogs make a great audience. The children look forward to reading to the dogs, and the dogs love the attention.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有着特殊用途的狗——治疗犬。它们能给病人带来心理上的安慰，能成为孩子们的朋友。‎ ‎1．a　根据本句中的“very popular pet”可知，此处应用不定冠词，表示泛指。‎ ‎2．to do　本句中应用不定式作后置定语，have sth. to do表示“有某事要做”。‎ ‎3．are known　分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，“a group of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，dogs与know是动宾关系，此处描述的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎4．which　这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为“special training”。‎ ‎5．in　由句意可知，这些治疗犬可以到公共场所安抚那些需要帮助的人。in need表示“在困难时，在危难之中”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎6．petting　have fun (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有乐趣”。‎ ‎7．pressure　分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词，blood pressure表示“血压”。‎ ‎8．their　修饰名词mood要用形容词性物主代词，故用their。‎ ‎9．friends　根据句子的主语They可知，此处用名词复数。‎ ‎10．more　句中的but暗示这些狗对孩子来讲不仅仅是朋友，它们会做得更多。‎ ‎【四】‎ Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It’s home __1__ so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the __2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.‎ A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet. I wondered __3__ I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That’s what __4__ (inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations __5__ (try) their best to save our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting __6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that __7__ (be) meaningful.‎ One thing I’ve learned is that a lot of people feel like __8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won’t make a difference. But that’s not true! __9__ (actual) when it comes to saving our environment, every small action counts. The __10__ (tiny) action is better than the greatest intention.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球，从小做起。作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。你行动起来了吗？‎ ‎1．to　be home to“为……的栖息地，是……的家园”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎2．responsibility　根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility“责任，职责”。‎ ‎3．how　分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。‎ ‎4．inspired　空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。‎ ‎5．trying　分析句子结构可知，organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎6．invited　此处是get done“被……”结构，故填过去分词。‎ ‎7．is　that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，that指代的是something else，表示单数含义，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。‎ ‎8．a　很多人觉得对任何事业的小小贡献都是杯水车薪，不会有什么影响。这里表示泛指，且contribution是可数名词，故用a。注意：feel like后面是一个省略了引导词的从句。‎ ‎9．Actually　空处作状语修饰整个句子，故要用副词。actually“事实上”。‎ ‎10．tiniest　根据空前的“The”和句意“最微小的事情也比最伟大的打算好”，空处要填最高级跟后面的“the greatest”形成对比。‎ ‎【五】‎ I had been called to examine a tenyearold dog __1__ (name) Belker. I examined Belker and found he was dying of cancer. I told the family I couldn’t do anything.‎ Shane, a sixyearold boy in the family, seemed so calm, petting the old dog __2__ the last time. I wondered if he understood what was __3__ (go) on. Within a few minutes, Belker slipped peacefully away.‎ The little boy seemed to accept the fact without any difficulty __4__ confusion. We sat together for a while after __5__ (Belker) death, wondering aloud about the sad fact that animal __6__ (life) are shorter than human lives.‎ Shane, who had been listening quietly, said, “I know why.”‎ We all turned to him. What came out of his mouth next surprised me __7__ (great). I’d never heard a __8__ (much) comforting explanation. It has changed the way I try and live.‎ ‎“People are born so that they can learn how to live a good life — like loving everybody all the time and __9__ (be) nice, right？” The sixyearold continued, “Well, dogs already know __10__ to do that, so they don’t have to stay as long.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。六岁的Shane和作者一起见证了Belker的死，之后Shane似乎非常平静地接受了这一事实，并说出了作者从未听过的、令人宽慰的解释。‎ ‎1．named　动词name在此处作后置定语修饰名词“dog”，且二者之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词named，意为“被命名”。故填named。‎ ‎2．for　for the last time为固定搭配，意为“最后一次”。故填for。‎ ‎3．going　根据上文中的“he was dying of cancer”及下文中的“Belker slipped peacefully away”可知，当时Belker生命垂危，死亡这一过程并没有完成而是正在进行；结合空格前的“was”及语境可知，此处应为过去进行时，表示当时正在发生。故填going。‎ ‎4．or　根据句意可知，Shane似乎没有任何困难和困惑地接受了这一事实。句中“difficulty”和“confusion”是并列关系；根据上文中的“without”可知，该句为否定句，在否定句中，or表并列。故填or。‎ ‎5．Belker’s　根据语法知识可知，Belker和“death”之间是所属关系，故此处应用名词所有格Belker’s，表示Belker的死。‎ ‎6．lives　根据空后的“are”及下文中的“human lives”可知，空格处应与其对应。故此处应用复数名词lives。‎ ‎7．greatly　此处应用副词修饰谓语动词“surprised”。故填greatly。‎ ‎8．more　此处用形容词比较级的否定式来表示最高级含义，意为“没有比……更……”。故填more。‎ ‎9．being　根据句中的并列连词“and”可知，此处应与“and”前的“loving everybody”一致，故用“being nice”，表示并列。故填being。‎ ‎10．how　根据语境及句式可知，上文中的“People are born so that they can learn how to live a good life”与本句中的“dogs already know __10__ to do that ...”相呼应，“to do that”指代上文中的“to live a good life”，故此处应用how构成“疑问副词＋不定式”结构，表示如何过上好生活。故填how。‎ ‎【六】‎ I was born in a town called Blackburn, in the northwest of England, and lived there till I left home __1__ the age of eighteen. My parents had moved to England from India during ‎ __2__ 1970s.‎ As a child, I went to my local school and, of course __3__ (speak) English with a local accent. But home was very different: we lived in a kind of “little India”， with a huge extended family of uncles and aunts. I remember __4__ (feel) part of this big thing called “family”， and an even __5__ (big) thing called “India”. I suppose my family __6__ (real) influenced me while I was growing up. They used to talk about India as “home” — even __7__ at that time I had never been there!‎ To me, it doesn’t seem at all strange to grow up as part of two cultures. I am always thinking that growing up with two cultures is a gift, not a __8__ (advantage). Now as a mother, I want my child __9__ (get) in contact (接触) with her Indian roots too, so we are planning to visit there later this year. All her Indian __10__ (cousin) are expecting to meet her!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”出生在英国西北部的一个小镇，在十八岁时离开那里去求学；“我”的父母早在20世纪70年代就从印度迁到英国。“我”认为伴随着两种不同文化成长是礼物而不是缺点。‎ ‎1．at　at the age of为固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”。‎ ‎2．the　the 1970s为固定用法，意为“20世纪70年代”；表示“某世纪某年代”时应在数字前加the。‎ ‎3．spoke　根据该句中的“As a child, I went”可以判断，该句讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故应用speak的过去式spoke。‎ ‎4．feeling　remember doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“记得(曾经)做过某事”；根据语境可知，这里指记得曾经发生的事情，故用feeling。‎ ‎5．bigger　根据上文中的big和该句中的even可以判断，空处应用big的比较级bigger。‎ ‎6．really　根据空后的influenced可以判断，空处修饰动词，故用该词的副词形式really。‎ ‎7．though/if　他们过去常常将印度当作家乡来谈论，即使那时“我”从没有到过那里。even though/if为固定搭配，意为“尽管，即使”。‎ ‎8．disadvantage　根据该句中的“a gift, not ...”可以判断，此处表示伴随着两种文化成长是一件礼物，而不是缺点。故用advantage的反义词disadvantage。‎ ‎9．to get　want sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要某人做某事”。‎ ‎10．cousins　根据该句中的All和are可知，应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎【七】‎ Although Socrates (苏格拉底) was poor all his life, he never asked his pupils to pay for their lessons. He taught __1__ the love of wisdom, not for money. And __2__ he had to say was always new and worth hearing. All his pupils loved him.‎ But his unusual ways of teaching and his demand that students always ask questions made him some __3__(danger) enemies. The rulers did not want to be questioned. So they __4__ (false) accused Socrates of teaching young men bad things and __5__ (lead) them to ignore religion. In fact Socrates was a very religious man. His enemies had him __6__ (arrest), and he was sentenced to death by poisoning.‎ During the 30 days before he was put to death, his friends and pupils __7__ (allow) to visit him in his prison. They were astonished to find that __8__ was calm and cheerful. He had no fear of dying. When the deadly poison was finally brought to Socrates, his friends were in __9__(tear), but Socrates seemed to be the __10__ (brave) man in the room. He raised the cup and drank it as if it were a glass of banquet wine.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名学者苏格拉底的故事。‎ ‎1．for　由“not for money”可知，此处应用介词for，表示“为了”。‎ ‎2．what　what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示事物的概念。‎ ‎3．dangerous　修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词dangerous修饰名词enemies。‎ ‎4．falsely　此处用副词falsely修饰动词accused。‎ ‎5．leading　根据语境及and可知，空处与动名词teaching 并列，故用动名词leading作介词of的宾语。‎ ‎6．arrested　arrest和句子谓语had之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且与其逻辑主语him构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。‎ ‎7．were allowed　根据“was put”可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，且allow与句子主语his friends and pupils 构成动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，即were allowed。‎ ‎8．he　根据空后一句“He had no fear of dying”可知，此处表示苏格拉底死前很平静，故用人称代词he作宾语从句的主语。‎ ‎9．tears　in tears意为“哭泣，流泪”，为固定搭配，故用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎10．bravest　根据语境可知，此处表示“最勇敢的人”，故用形容词最高级bravest，与空前的定冠词the呼应。‎ ‎【八】‎ One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving. It is __1__ (frequent) referred to as Black Friday. The use of the word “black” relates __2__ the business accountants. Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink. So __3__ (be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing, a return to profits.‎ Black Friday is the big day for many retailers, and it presents the shopper an opportunity __4__ (get) all of one’s holiday shopping done at once among amazing sale prices.On that day, most retailers will open very early __5__ usually provide massive and ‎ attractive discounts on their products, while a great number of holiday shoppers will get __6__ early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.‎ Black Friday also means that people face crowded stores, __7__ is the other idea of a “Black Friday”， a day they do not like. It used to be the __8__(busy) shopping day of a year. Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress __9__(involve) in fighting the crowds. In recent years the Saturday before Christmas __10__ (see) the biggest shopping crowds.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黑色星期五的由来。‎ ‎1．frequently　句意：它频繁地被称作“黑色星期五”。空处修饰动词短语is referred to，应用副词。‎ ‎2．to　relate to ... “和……有关”，是固定短语。‎ ‎3．being　分析句子结构可知，本处应用动名词短语being“in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving作主语。‎ ‎4．to get　它给顾客一个以惊人的价格获得商品的机会。本处应用动词不定式作the opportunity的定语。‎ ‎5．and　多数的商家都会早早地开门迎客，同时为顾客提供很多吸引人的折扣。本处and连接两个并列的谓语。‎ ‎6．an　an early start“一个早的开始”，此处表示泛指，故应用不定冠词；又因early的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。‎ ‎7．which　分析句子结构可知，本处应为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的“people face crowded stores”这句话，应用关系代词which。‎ ‎8．busiest　它过去常常是一年中最繁忙的购物日。根据前面的the可知，本处应用最高级busiest。‎ ‎9．involved　很多人避免在这一天购物，因为会卷入抵抗人群的压力中。involve与stress为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎10．has seen　根据时间状语In recent years可知，本处应用现在完成时，主语the Saturday before Christmas为单数，故用has seen。‎ ‎【九】‎ The best time to see beautiful lanterns is during the Lantern Festival, __1__ falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month. This year it is on Feb. 22, __2__ (mark) the end of Spring Festival celebrations.‎ Watching lanterns is a great __3__ (active). You see lanterns in any sizes and shapes you can imagine, from animals to plants and flowers.__4__ (make) it more fun, people paste riddles (谜语) on the lanterns.‎ In some places, people like releasing sky lanterns, which __5__ (call) Kongming lanterns. A sky lantern is a small hot air balloon made of paper, __6__ an opening at the bottom where there is a small fire source. When the bright lights fly high in the sky, people bless family members __7__ make wishes.‎ In old times, the Lantern Festival was also romantic. At that time, young girls were not allowed to go out very often except during certain festivals. __8__， looking at lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other. A line from Xin Qiji, __9__ poet during the Song Dynasty, shows this: “Restlessly, I searched for her in thousands, hundreds of ways. __10__ (sudden) I turned, and there she was in the receding light.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了元宵节赏花灯的一些情况，并介绍了古代人在元宵节的活动。‎ ‎1．which　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“the Lantern Festival”，且在从句中作主语，故应用which引导该从句。故填which。‎ ‎2．marking　根据语境可知，今年的元宵节是在2月22日，这标志着春节庆祝活动的结束；分析句子逻辑关系可知，动词mark与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，故用mark的现在分词形式。故填marking。‎ ‎3．activity　根据空格前的冠词“a”和形容词“great”可知，其后应接active的名词形式且用单数。故填activity。‎ ‎4．To make　分析句意可知，此处应用动词不定式短语“to make it more fun”作目的状语，置于句首表强调。故填To make。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎5．are called　分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“sky lanterns”，且在从句中作主语，与从句中的谓语动词call之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态；“sky lanterns”为复数形式。故填are called。‎ ‎6．with　根据语境可知，天灯是用纸做的一个小小的热气球，底部有一个开口，那里有一个小的火源。此处应用with引导复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。with意为“和……在一起，具有”。故填with。‎ ‎7．and　根据语境可知，当明亮的灯光映在高空时，人们就会祝福家人而且许愿。“bless family members”和“make wishes”是两个并列的动作，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。‎ ‎8．Therefore/Thus　根据语境可知，古时候，除了一些节日外，不允许年轻女孩外出。因此，看花灯成了年轻人见面的一个机会。前后句构成因果关系，应用therefore或thus连接。故填Therefore/Thus。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎9．a　根据词法知识可知，此处应用不定冠词a表泛指，指辛弃疾是一位诗人，a poet作Xin Qiji的同位语。故填a。‎ ‎10．Suddenly　根据词法知识可知，此处应用sudden的副词形式修饰动词“turned”，表示“突然转身”，符合语境。故填Suddenly。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎【十】‎ The Pacific Ocean is the __1__ (large) of the Earth’s oceans, covering about 46% of the Earth’s water surface and 32% of its total surface area. It extends __2__ the Arctic in the north to the Antarctica in the south, __3__ (surround) by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.‎ The Pacific Ocean contains about 25,000 islands. The __4__ (major) of them are found south of the equator. __5__ water near the equator is less salty than that found in the midlatitudes (中纬度) for __6__ (abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year.‎ The surface circulation of Pacific waters is __7__ (general) clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.‎ The exploitation of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is various, __8__ is influenced by the ocean’s great depths. In shallow waters off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, natural gas is produced, and pearls __9__ (harvest) along the coasts of Australia, Japan and the Philippines. One more thing worth __10__ (mention) is that the Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上最大的大洋——太平洋。‎ ‎1．largest　根据句意及空前的“the”可知，此处应该使用形容词的最高级形式。‎ ‎2．from　此处指它从北半球的北极延伸到南半球的南极地区。from与后面的“to”形成对应。‎ ‎3．surrounded　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作伴随状语，且由空格后的“by”可知，此处指的是太平洋被围绕，表被动，故应用过去分词。‎ ‎4．majority　由空前的“The”和空后的“of”可知，这里应填一个名词。major本身可以作名词，表示“专业”，显然不符合语境。此处应用majority“大部分”。‎ ‎5．The　根据water后面的修饰语“near the equator”可知，此处应用定冠词The表特指。‎ ‎6．abundant　根据语境和句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语修饰名词，故应用其形容词形式。‎ ‎7．generally　此处表示通常，太平洋水域的表面循环在北半球是顺时针方向的，在南半球是逆时针方向的。应用副词修饰整个句子，故用generally。‎ ‎8．which　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The exploitation，且在从句中作主语，故只能用which。‎ ‎9．are harvested　根据句子结构可知，pearls与harvest之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且本文的基本时态为一般现在时，故此处也需用一般现在时，故填are harvested。‎ ‎10．‎ mentioning　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作worth的宾语，worth后接动词时应用其ing形式，即用主动形式表被动含义。worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。‎