山东省东营一中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

山东省东营一中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

‎2019-2020学年山东省东营一中高二（下）期中 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分7.5分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话. 每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置. 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题. 每段对话仅读一遍.‎ ‎1. What is the relationship between the speakers？‎ A. Father and daughter.‎ B. Teacher and student.‎ C. Classmates.‎ ‎2. What are the speakers doing？‎ A. Driving a car.‎ B. Crossing the street.‎ C. Riding a bus.‎ ‎3. What is the woman's coat probably made from？‎ A. Man﹣made material.‎ B. Wool.‎ C. Cotton.‎ ‎4. How long will it take to get to the dentist by bus？‎ A. 5 minutes.‎ B. 10 minutes.‎ C 25 minutes.‎ ‎5. What are the speakers talking about？‎ A. A TV remote control.‎ B. Clothing buttons.‎ C. A TV channel.‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项. ‎ - 25 -‎ 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间. 每段对话或独白读两遍.‎ ‎6. （1）Where does the conversation probably take place？‎ A. In the woman's office.‎ B. In the man's house.‎ C. In a warehouse.‎ ‎（2）What will the woman be doing？‎ A. Cleaning.‎ B. Organizing shelves.‎ C. Recording the data.‎ ‎7. （1）What is the man's opinion of his sewing class？‎ A. He thinks it's a waste of time.‎ B. He thinks it builds character.‎ C. He thinks everyone should learn it.‎ ‎（2）What did the woman choose for her project？‎ A. A neck pillow.‎ B. A stuffed toy.‎ C. A purse.‎ ‎8. （1）What was life on the nearby planet like according to the man？‎ A. Animals.‎ B. Cells.‎ C. Plants.‎ ‎（2）When does the woman think other planets will communicate with us probably？‎ A. In 25 years.‎ B. In 50 years.‎ C. In 100 years.‎ ‎（3）How does the man think we will hear from other planets？‎ A. By rockets.‎ B. By computers.‎ C. By telescopes.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎9. （1）What was the man probably doing at the beginning？‎ A. Reading a magazine.‎ B. Watching a TV show.‎ C. Doing some cleaning.‎ ‎（2）When did the woman first use AI today？‎ A. When she drove her car.‎ B. When she woke up with her alarm.‎ C. When she bought some things on the Internet.‎ ‎（3）What did the man's parents just get？‎ A. A new car with special cameras.‎ B. A piece of cleaning equipment.‎ C. A smart watch.‎ ‎（4）How does the woman react to the Roomba in the end？‎ A. She is uninterested.‎ B. She is amused.‎ C. She is amazed.‎ ‎10. （1）What caused the holes to form？‎ A. Humans.‎ B. A volcano eruption.‎ C. Global warming.‎ ‎（2）When does the lake begin to fill？‎ A. In the spring.‎ B. In the summer.‎ C. In the fall.‎ ‎（3）What happens to the water？‎ A. It disappears forever.‎ B. It floods the highways.‎ C. It appears in the valley below again.‎ ‎（4）What do we know from the talk？‎ A. Experts think it's better not to fill the holes.‎ - 25 -‎ B. "Lost Lake" is formed due to global warming.‎ C. The state of Oregon is famous for dead volcanoes.‎ 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）‎ 第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项.‎ Courses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornell The diversity of the courses you can take in the College of Arts & Sciences is extraordinary:‎ Academic Distribution Requirements The College’s academic distribution requirements will include: effective writing; foreign language beyond the introductory level; imaginative and critical thinking.‎ To choose your courses for a semester, use the Class Roster. It shows the schedule of all classes offered in a particular term, along with class enrollment information and course details.‎ The Class Roster is updated frequently.‎ To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study. It represents Cornell’s full catalog of courses and is published annually. It provides information on Cornell degree programs, requirements, policies and procedures.‎ If you need help, call 607-255-5004 for an appointment with an advising dean. Or contact a career counselor in the Arts & Sciences Career Development Center at 607-255-4166 to talk about your interests and how they can translate into a major and a future career.‎ A New Curriculum On October 30, 2018, the College of Arts & Sciences faculty（教员）approved a new undergraduate curriculum to be carried out over the next two to three years. The new curriculum focuses on the theme of exploration and reaffirms the college’s commitment to a liberal arts and sciences education. Students who have questions about the new curriculum can view the approved proposal on the Course Designer app of Cornell.‎ Innovative Learning If you’re one of the 3,000 students across the university taking biology or physics at the College, you may be part of an innovative（创新的）classroom project that uses active learning, a new model that is proving to be the quickest path to expert-level mastery.‎ Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty member’s - 25 -‎ ‎ research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washington D C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. Give yourself the freedom to explore.‎ ‎1. If you want to plan your courses over the long run, you can use the ______.‎ A. Class Roster B. Courses of Study C. Course Designer D. Career Center ‎2. For students involved in an innovative classroom project, they ______.‎ A. may study a new model B. are on the quickest way to be experts C. will get more freedom during research project D. have advantages of studying outside the classroom ‎3. The article is probably taken from ______.‎ A. a college website B. a science report C. a travel magazine D. an academic journal ‎【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文，是关于美国康奈尔大学文理学院选修课程的介绍。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据The Class Roster is updated frequently部分的介绍中“To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study.”可知，如果要在康奈尔大学计划长期的课程，如四年的课程，使用“the Courses of Study”。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章中Innovative Learning部分的介绍中提到 “Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty member’s research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washington D C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. (你在康奈尔的教育将远远超出课堂的范围。你可以在校园里加入教师的研究团队，在不同的州进行实地研究，或者在华盛顿的康奈尔大学度过一个学期。你可以在超过85个国家的其中一个学习，或者通过独立学习发展你自己的研究项目)”由此可以推断， ‎ - 25 -‎ 如果你参加创新课堂项目，你的学习将延伸到课堂范围以外，你会有在课堂以外的地方学习的优势。故选D项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文，文章是介绍康奈尔大学文理学院的选修课程。因此可能是出自于康奈尔大学的网站。故选A项。‎ Growing up, Deka Ismail says she let labels define what she could be. “I was a black girl, from a refugee (难民) family,” Deka said. “It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predetermined box”‎ After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor.‎ Born and raised in San Diego’s City Heights neighborhood, Deka is the daughter of a Somali refugee couple. When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to one's life. She spent a lot of time in the library reading books, and didn’t do many of the things her peers did, like partying or having romantic relationships.‎ ‎“I always felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my family,” Deka said. “You have to do your best and do much better than everyone else. I felt like the whole world was waiting for me to mess up.”‎ Deka’s efforts paid off. The summer before her senior year of high school, she was accepted to the American Chemical Society Project SEED Programme. “She brought both enthusiasm and focus,” Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled. “She arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”‎ When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves. “Don’t tell yourself that scholarship is too big or this programme is too competitive or I’ll never get into this school,” she said. “I was not sure whether I could make it until I started seeing the acceptance letters rolling in.”‎ ‎4. From the passage, we can learn that ______.‎ A. Deka was adopted by a refugee family B. Deka became a professor after graduation C. Deka’s experiences drove her to work hard - 25 -‎ D. Deka spent a lot of time going to parties ‎5. Deka realized the importance of education ______.‎ A. after her chemistry class B. from her mother’s experience C. by reading books in the library D. through working at the institute ‎6. According to the last paragraph, Deka advised that students be ______.‎ A. patient B. ambitious C. confident D. generous ‎7. What does the story intend to tell us?‎ A. Life is not all roses. B. Practice makes perfect.‎ C. Well begun is half done. D. Hard work leads to success.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了索马里难民Deka Ismail通过改变自己，不断努力，终于成功考进加利福尼亚大学的成长经历。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段的While some might say Deka’s success happened in spite of her background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven, young scientist that she is today.可知，虽然有些人可能会说Deka尽管有那样的背景还是成功了，但她会有不同看法。她的经历塑造了她，并激励她成为今天这样一个有干劲的年轻科学家。由此可知，Deka的这些经历塑造了她、并激励她努力。C. Deka’s experiences drove her to work hard.(Deka的经历激励她努力)符合以上说法。故选C项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段中的When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to one’s life.可知，当Deka八岁的时候，她的母亲通过在学校努力学习找到了一份工作，以支持整个家庭。这让Deka意识到教育可以改变一个人的生活。由此可知，母亲的经历让她明白教育的重要性。B. from her mother’s experience (从她妈妈的经历)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段中的When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka - 25 -‎ ‎ warned them not to underestimate themselves.可知，当被问及她会给像她这样的人什么建议时，Deka提醒他们不要低估自己。由此可知，Deka建议大家不要低估自己，要相信自己，要有信心。C. confident(有信心的)符合以上说法。故选C项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。结合文章大意，尤其是第四的You have to do your best and do much better than everyone else. (你必须尽全力，比其他任何人都做得更好)，第五段的Deka’s efforts paid off.(Deka的努力得到了回报)和最后一段中的When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves.(当被问及她会给像她这样的人什么建议时，Deka提醒他们不要低估自己)可知，本文讲述了难民身份的Deka经过自己的努力终于获得成功，以及她分享的自己经历和给他人的建议：不低估自己，要有信心。由此推测，这篇文章是想告诉我们：要相信自己，不断努力，终将会取得成功。D. Hard work leads to success.(努力终将取得成功)符合以上说法。故选D项。‎ The worst outbreak of desert locusts (蝗虫) in decades is presently underway in the Horn of Africa. It is the biggest of its kind in 25 years for Ethiopia and Somalia — and the worst Kenya has seen for 70 years.‎ What we are seeing in East Africa today is unlike anything we’ve seen in a very long time. Its destructive potential is enormous, and it’s taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. Most of the countries hardest hit are those where millions of people are already vulnerable (脆弱的) or in serious humanitarian need, as they endure the impact of violence, drought, and floods.‎ We have acted quickly to respond to this outbreak. The primary method of battling locusts is the aerial spraying of pesticides (杀虫剂). FAO’s “Locust Watch” service explains that “although giant nets, flamethrowers, lasers, and huge vacuums have been proposed in the past, these are not in use for locust control. People and birds often eat locusts but usually not enough to significantly reduce population levels over large areas.”‎ The UN’s Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has released $10 million from its Central Emergency Relief Fund to fund a huge scale-up in aerial operations to manage the outbreak.‎ But the window to contain this crisis is closing fast. We only have until the beginning of March to bring this infestation under control as that is when the rain and planting season begins. If left unchecked — and with expected additional rains — locust numbers in East Africa could increase 500‎ - 25 -‎ ‎ times by June.‎ We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. And we will. At the same time, we need to pay attention to a bigger picture. This is not the first time the Greater Horn of Africa has seen locust outbreak approach this scale, but the current situation is the worst in decades. This is linked to climate change. Warmer seas mean more tropical storms, generating the perfect breeding conditions for locusts.‎ ‎8. What is implied in paragraph 2?‎ A. People in East Africa are suffering drought.‎ B. People in East Africa are going through floods.‎ C. The locust outbreak will cause crop failure.‎ D. The locust outbreak is worsening locals’ life.‎ ‎9. What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A. We need a bigger picture to study the disaster.‎ B. It is the second outbreak of locusts in East Africa.‎ C. It is the largest outbreak of locusts ever in history.‎ D. The outbreak of locusts is fueled by global warming.‎ ‎10. What is the purpose of the text?‎ A. To analyse and compare. B. To inform and call for.‎ C. To argue and discuss. D. To introduce and assess.‎ ‎11. Where does the text probably come from?‎ A. A guidebook. B. A health magazine.‎ C. A news report. D. A chemistry paper.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了非洲东部发生了几百年以来的最严重的一次蝗虫灾害。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段Its destructive potential is enormous, and it’s taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families.可知，它的破坏潜力是巨大的，而且它发生在一个农民需要每一克食物来养活自己和家人的地区。原本这些地方就是依赖土地种植庄稼来养活自己和家人，现在蝗灾爆发，只会是情况更加恶化。故选D项。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段This is linked to climate change. Warmer seas mean more tropical storms, generating the perfect breeding conditions for locusts.可知，这与气候变化有关。温暖的海洋意味着更多的热带风暴，为蝗虫创造了完美的繁殖条件。温暖的海洋指的是全球变暖的影响，它助推了蝗虫的爆发。由此我们可以判断，全球变暖对蝗灾的爆发起到了助推作用。故选D项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe.可知，我们现在必须行动起来，避免一场全面的灾难。这是一种呼吁和号召。结合全篇，主要介绍了东非蝗灾的爆发。两者相结合可知这篇文章的目的是为了通知和呼吁大家采取行动。故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本篇文章主要内容为非洲东部爆发的蝗虫危机，事态严重，作者呼吁大家采取行动。所以可知文章来自新闻报道，而非A.旅行指南，或B.健康杂志，也不是D.一篇化学论文。故选C项。‎ Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area.‎ Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries an extremely powerful electrical charge, it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.‎ The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.‎ The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.‎ The researchers test-ran the system several times. They found that the system made predictions ‎ - 25 -‎ that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.‎ The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection program. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charges from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather.‎ ‎12. Why was the system developed?‎ A. To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.‎ B. To show the power of lightning.‎ C. To keep track of lightning deaths.‎ D. To protect people from lightning.‎ ‎13. What is special about the system?‎ A. It was based on a number of samples worldwide.‎ B. It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.‎ C. It used an effective method of collecting data.‎ D. It required low cost of predicting lightning.‎ ‎14. What will the researchers do next with the laser technology?‎ A. Monitor lightning activity. B. Prevent the occurrence of lightning.‎ C. Direct energy from lightning. D. Generate electricity with lightning.‎ ‎15. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. A System of Controlling Lightning B. A Method of Forecasting Lightning C. A Theory of Employing Lightning D. A Model of Creating Lightning ‎【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们开发出一种利用机器学习来预测闪电何时何地发生的系统。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people - 25 -‎ ‎ are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.可知，欧洲研究人员估计，全世界每年有6000到24000人死于闪电。由于这个原因，气候科学家一直在寻找预测闪电的方法。结合上文，闪电具有破坏性而且是致命的，而且欧洲研究人员对每年死亡人数的估计，使得科学家们研发了这种系统，来保护人民免收闪电的伤害。故选D项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes.可知，与四个主要表面条件即气压、气温、相对湿度和风速相关的数据被放入一个独特的机器学习算法中，这种算法将数据跟闪电袭击记录作比对。由此可见，这个系统的独特之处在于它独特的算法。故选B项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charges from clouds to the ground.可知，参与该项目的科学家正在试验一种激光技术，希望有一天这种技术可能控制闪电活动，将闪电电荷从云层转移到地面。利用技术将闪电的电荷转移到地面另做他用，减少危害。换句话说就是控制和利用闪电能量，用作其他用途。故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第一段Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike.可知，科学家们表示，他们已经开发出一种利用机器学习来预测闪电何时何地发生的系统。这也就是一种预测闪电的方法，而且下文主要就是围绕这一点来讲的，故选B项。‎ 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项.‎ Competition is a common phenomenon in our social life. ___16___ There is constant competition for academic degrees, jobs, customers, money and so forth. In a sense, competition is one of the motive forces to the development of society.‎ ‎___17___ Therefore, the only way to survive is to be competitive. Growing in a competitive environment is important for a child because future adult life is difficult. Finding a good job, for - 25 -‎ ‎ example, is an extremely competitive activity.‎ Today most people obtain knowledge through various ways and a large number of people get good education. ___18___The quality of people is rapidly increasing. Competition is more violent than what we thought it should be. The potentially successful job applicant has to be prepared in stronger position by gaining more qualifications and experience. In the sports contests, the strongest will come out as winners. In the business world, to beat your competitors, you must be better than the other employees. ___19___‎ Though the only way our world rewards people is to give honor to the winners, not to the losers, by attempting to compete at different activities, we can still learn to win and lose, gain experience and know our strengths and weaknesses. Competition prepares us for the tough things in life.‎ Whether in games, in study or in business alike, the aim is to win the game, the degree, the trophy, and the contract. ___20___‎ A. Otherwise, you will be defeated.‎ B. Modern society demands high-quality talents.‎ C. Learning to be competitive is clearly the best preparation for life.‎ D. There are also many people who have higher degrees in their special fields.‎ E. Children have to learn to be competitive in order to adapt to modern society.‎ F. In the natural world, the weak will be replaced by the strong and the fittest can live.‎ G. We compete when we play games and when we try to do better than others in our study.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文，作者围绕“竞争”这一中心词，作者论述了竞争在现实生活中、在各个领域的普遍性，竞争是人们在社会中生活的一种方式，最后阐述了“学会竞争是为人生做的最好的准备”这一观点。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此题考查学生对语篇上下文的理解能力。上一句说竞争是我们社会生活中常见的现象，“Competition is a common phenomenon in our social life.”为一句总起句，下一句提到存在竞争的其他方面，“There is constant competition for academic degrees, jobs, customers, money and so forth. ”‎ - 25 -‎ 因此，此空应该起承上启下的作用。既会谈到竞争，也会涉及到竞争的具体某些方面，G项则讲当我们在玩游戏和学习要比别人做得更好时就会竞争，这些都是竞争的具体表现（具体某些方面），符合题意，故选G。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 此题考查上下句之间因果关系。根据下一句和本段所举例子可知，正因为F中所述，“In the natural world, the weak will be replaced by the strong and the fittest can live.”在自然界中，弱肉强食，物竞天择，适者生存，“Therefore, the only way to survive is to be competitive. ”所以生存下来的唯一途径就是竞争。即F项所举例子与下一句构成强因果关系，故选 F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 该空承上启下，提示词在上一句，句中讲当今社会大多数人“most people”通过各种方式获取知识，许多人得到良好的教育，本空D项则补充讲也有许多人“There are also many people”在他们的某些特殊领域拥有更高的学位，一前一后，分别讲全民通识教育和精英教育，再下一句得出结论：这说明人的素质在迅速提高，因此竞争也更加激烈，D符合题意。此题干扰项为B“Modern society demands high-quality talents.”现代社会需要高智商天赋的人。虽然此句也有quality出现，但此段讲述人们为了增强自己的竞争力，不断获取新知识，并无提及拥有与生俱来的天赋（talent），故此题选 D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 此空与前一句是条件关系，“In the business world, to beat your competitors, you must be better than the other employees.”意思是，在一个商业社会中，要打败你的竞争对手，你就必须比其他员工更强，“Otherwise, you will be defeated.”否则你就会被打败，otherwise（否则）在此处起到提示作用，表示满足不了前一句的条件，就会出现“被打败”的情况，故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 此空设在文章末尾，是总结句，起首尾呼应的作用。既是对本文的总结，又与文章开头第一段呼应，本题侧重语篇和文章结构关系的考查。文章开头“Competition is a common phenomenon in our social life.”竞争是我们社会生活中普遍的现象，同时，该空上一句讲“Whether in games, in study or in business alike, the aim is to win the game, the degree, the trophy, and the contract.”无论在哪个领域，我们的目的都是“赢”，赢得一切；因此，“Learning to be competitive is clearly the best preparation for life.”（所以学会竞争显然是为人生做最好的准备），呼应文章开头并总结全文、点题，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五是一种极其注重考查文章结构、上下文联系和逻辑关系的题目，经常从这些方面设置干扰项。例如本题中的第2小题，此题中干扰项为E：“Children have to learn to be - 25 -‎ ‎ competitive in order to adapt to modern society.”（为了适应现代社会， 孩子们不得不学会去竞争），虽然该段下文就有一处提到 “Growing in a competitive environment is important for a child because future adult life is difficult. ”似乎与E选项内容十分“匹配”，但这正是容易误选之处。‎ 实际上，该空紧挨着的下句，第一个词便是therefore（因此），这类表示逻辑关系的词语在七选五题目中一旦出现，必须引起大家的十二分注意，它们是重要的提示词。在这里，therefore表示前后两句构成因果关系，而后一句是“生存的唯一方式是去竞争”，F中描述的自然界中弱肉强食、物竞天择现象，与后一句形成因果关系，而E与后一句则明显不构成这种因果关系，而是在用不同表述阐述相近的观点，故排除。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分15分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共1小题；每题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A， B， C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.‎ A Colorado pair brings new meaning to the word “determination”. When one couldn’t walk and the other couldn’t see, they ___21___ up to share their love of the great outdoors.‎ Melanie Knecht has to use a wheelchair to get around due to born spina bifida (脊柱裂). Trevor Hahn only recently became blind after he ___22___ an eye disease five years ago. Both living in Fort Collins, Colorado, the two met at an adaptive boxing class — and they soon ran into each other again at an adaptive rock-climbing class.‎ They immediately ___23___ over Knecht’s lifelong hobby of camping and Hahn’s passion for outdoor sports. When she told him about her recent trip to Easter Island, where she got the ___24___ to be carried on another person’s back, an unusual idea occurred to her.‎ ‎___25___ his lost sight, he’d been able to scale a Himalayan peak, using poles and ___26___ directions from his companions.‎ They started small, but next month — with her vision and his ___27___— they will trek to the top of a 14,000-foot mountain.‎ ‎“It just seemed like common sense. He’s the legs, I’m the eyes! ___28___, we’re the dream team.” said Knecht.‎ At the start of each hike, a friend lifts Knecht ___29___ a carrier on Hahn’s back. From that point on, she gives him oral directions to lead the way.‎ Hahn said, “It made me so happy to help someone experience what I’ve been able to experience ‎ - 25 -‎ my whole life. The best part is being able to make her smile — that gives me ____30____.”‎ In addition to this sense of purpose, the two share an understanding of how ____31____ it can be asking able-bodied or sighted people for assistance in everyday life. They get immeasurable ____32____ from being able to do this on their own.‎ While the two accept that others ____33____ what they’ve been able to do they’re not looking for ____34____— they just want others to encourage solutions for their friends with disabilities. Don’t ____35____ them because you think they won’t be able to do something.‎ ‎21. A. rose B. made C. teamed D. ended ‎22. A. developed B. cured C. spread D. diagnosed ‎23. A. handed B. argued C. got D. bonded ‎24. A. opportunity B. competence C. permission D. admission ‎25. A. On account of B. In spite of C. On top of D. In view of ‎26. A. spoken B. opposite C. confusing D. gesturing ‎27. A. optimism B. strength C. guidance D. wisdom ‎28. A. Hopefully B. Instead C. Together D. Similarly ‎29. A. over B. up C. off D. into ‎30. A. relief B. courage C. reward D. purpose ‎31. A. convenient B. difficult C. ridiculous D. essential ‎32. A. suffering B. wealth C. satisfaction D. depression ‎33. A. appreciate B. oppose C. dismiss D. advocate ‎34. A. criticism B. attention C. praise D. curiosity ‎35. A. convince B. reject C. contact D. approach ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是不能走路的Melanie Knecht和双目失明的Trevor Hahn两个残疾人互相借助各自的优势“合作”爬喜马拉雅山共同享受大自然的故事。‎ ‎21题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个人不能走路，另一个人不能看东西时，他们合作分享他们对大自然的热爱。A. rose上升；B. made制造；C. teamed使合作；D. ended结束。根据When one couldn’t walk and the other couldn’t see和to share their love of the great outdoors.可知，他们要“合作”才能享受大自然。固定词组：team up“合作，协作”。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：特雷弗·哈恩(Trevor Hahn)五年前患了眼疾，最近失明。A. developed患（病）得（病）；B. cured治愈；C. spread传播；D. diagnosed诊断。根据空后的an eye disease five years ago可知，患了眼疾，D项应用be diagnosed with“被诊断”。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们很快就因为Knecht毕生的露营爱好和Hahn对户外运动的热爱而建立起了互信关系。A. handed交，递；B. argued辩论；C. got得到；D. bonded建立（与某人的）互信关系。根据第3空后的over Knecht’s lifelong hobby of camping and Hahn’s passion for outdoor sports可知，他们因为相同的爱好建立互信关系。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她告诉他她最近去复活节岛的旅行，在那里她有机会被另一个人背在背上时，她想到的一个不寻常的想法。A. opportunity机会；B. competence能力，胜任；C. permission许可；D. honour荣誉。根据空后的to be carried on another person’s back可知，此处指被另一个人背在背上的“机会”。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管他双目失明，但他还是能够借助杆子和同伴的口头指示爬上喜马拉雅山。A. On account of 由于，因为；B. In spite of尽管；C. On top of除……之外，在……之上；D. In view of鉴于，考虑到。根据空后的he’d been able to scale a Himalayan peak可知，此处指“尽管”失明，但是他能够爬上喜马拉雅山。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他双目失明，但他还是能够借助杆子和同伴的口头指示爬上喜马拉雅山。A. spoken口头的；B. opposite相反的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. gesturing打手势。根据上文his lost sight可知，他失去了视力，可知要借助同伴的“口头的”指示才能向前爬。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开始时规模很小，但下个月——凭借她的远见和他的力量——他们将跋涉到达一座14000英尺高的山顶。A. optimism乐观主义；B. strength力气，力量；‎ - 25 -‎ C. guidance指导；D. wisdom智慧。根据第9空后的they will trek to the top of a 14,000-foot mountain.和上文内容可知，因为她坐轮椅，需要背着，而他失明，所以他们在爬山时要借助她的眼睛和他的“力量”。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他是腿，我是眼睛！在一起，我们是梦之队。A. Hopefully充满希望地；B. Instead相反，反而；C. Together一起；D. Similarly类似地。根据空后的we’re the dream team.可推断，他们“在一起”就是梦之队。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：每次徒步旅行开始时，我的一个朋友都会把Knecht放进哈恩的背上的搬运器里。A. over在……上面；B. up向上；C. off离开；D. into进入。根据语境可知，Knecht需要哈恩背着，因此推断，此处指别人帮助把Knecht放在哈恩的背上。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最棒的是能让她微笑——这给了我重要意义。A. relief减轻；B. courage勇气；C. reward报酬；D. purpose重要意义。根据下文In addition to this sense of purpose可知，此处指能够让Knecht微笑给了哈恩重要意义。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了这种重要意义之外，两人还都明白，在日常生活中向健全或有视力的人寻求帮助是多么困难。A. convenient方便的；B. difficult困难的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. essential基本的，必要的。根据下文being able to do this on their own可推断，他们从自己做事中得到满足，因此推断他们明白向健全或有视力的人寻求帮助是多么困难。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们从自己能做这件事中得到了无限的满足。A. suffering痛苦；B. wealth 财富；C. satisfaction满足；D. depression沮丧。根据常理推断，残疾人能够独立自己做事，会得到满足。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管两个人都承认别人欣赏他们所做的事情，但他们并不是在寻求表扬。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. oppose反对；C. dismiss解散；D. advocate提倡。作为残疾人能够爬上喜马拉雅山，会得到别人的欣赏和表扬。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管两个人都承认别人欣赏他们所做的事情，但他们并不是在寻求表扬——他们只是希望其他人为他们的残疾朋友提供一些解决办法。A. criticism批评；B. attention关注；C. praise表扬；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文they just want others to encourage solutions for their friends with disabilities. 可知，他们并不是在寻求“表扬”。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要因为你认为他们不能做某事而拒绝他们。A. convince使确信；B.reject拒绝；C.contact接触；D. approach靠近。根据上文they just want others to encourage solutions for their friends with disabilities.可知，他们只是希望其他人为他们的残疾朋友提供一些解决办法。因此推断，此处指不要拒绝残疾人。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第4小题要求判断是什么灭了，根据下文的candles可知，此处是灯灭了。故选A项。还可以根据生活常识进行解答。比如：第8小题，句意：最棒的是能让她微笑——这给了我重要意义。A. relief减轻；B. courage勇气；C. reward报酬；D. purpose重要意义。根据下文In addition to this sense of purpose可知，此处指能够让Knecht微笑给了哈恩重要意义。故选D。‎ 第二节 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese science. _____36_____(build) over 2, 200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering _____37_____(achieve) is still used today.‎ In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands _____38_____(suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. _____39_____(help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. _____40_____(good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making _____41_____ suitable for farming.‎ Once the system was finished no more floods occurred and the people were able to live ____42____(peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams _____43_____ the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, _____44_____ (enable) ecosystem(生态系统) and fish populations to exist _____45_____ harmony.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【答案】36. Built ‎ ‎37. achievement ‎ ‎38. suffered ‎ ‎39. To help ‎ ‎40. Better 41. it ‎ ‎42. peacefully ‎ ‎43. where 44. enabling ‎ ‎45. in ‎【解析】‎ ‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的历史及其所起的作用。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ ‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：2, 200多年前在现在的中国西南部的四川省，建造了这个惊人的工程。分析句子_____1_____(build) over 2, 200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering…本句是省略句，其逻辑主语是主句的主语This amazing engineering，动词build与它是被动关系。根据时间状语“over 2, 200 years ago”推断出，动作已发生并表被动。故要用过去分词built。故填Built ‎【37题详解】‎ ‎ 考查名词。分析句子this amazing engineering_____2_____(achieve) is still used today.可知，本句中的achieve被形容词amazing engineering修饰，且在句子中作主语，所以要用名词形式。而achieve是动词，故用其名词形式 achievement。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ ‎ 考查谓语动词。句意：在古代，都江堰现在所处的地区曾遭受了来自闽江河泛滥的洪水。本句中的时间状语In ancient times，可知要用一般过去时。故用suffered。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ ‎ 考查目的状语。句意：为了帮助洪灾的受害者，地区州长李兵和他的儿子决定找到解决它的办法。由此可知，本句是表示目的的。故用动词不定式。故填To help。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ ‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：沿玉里山在山的不同的高度，李设计了一系列渠道，会引走洪水，同时让河流自然流动。更好的是，多余的水可以直接送到干燥的成都平原。根据句意可知，两句话是递进关系。并且Better still,为固定搭配，意为“更好的是”，所以用good的比较级 - 25 -‎ better。故填Better。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ ‎ 考查代词。更好的是，多余的水可以被引导到干燥的成都平原，使它（额外的水）适合农业灌溉。分析句子可知，本空指的是前面 the extra water多余的水，水是不可数名词，要用it，故填it。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ ‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：再也没发生洪水，人民能够和平地生活。分析句子no more floods occurred and the people were able to live ____7____(peaceful).可知，本句的形容词peaceful在句子中修饰动词live，修饰动词要用副词，故填 peacefully。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ ‎ 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子Unlike modern dams___8___ the water is blocked with a huge wall可知，句中的 modern dams是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，放入从句中为the water is blocked with a huge wall in modern dams,因此要用where。故填where。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ ‎ 考查非谓语。句意：都江堰仍然允许水自然流经闽江河，使生态系统…。分析句子Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally,___9___ (enable) ecosystem。可知Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally,是主句，自然而然导出下面的内容，而enable与前面的句子是主动关系，要用动词ing形式作结果状语。故运用enabling。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ ‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：都江堰仍然允许水自然流经闽江河，使生态系统和鱼类和谐相处。in hamony为固定搭配，意为“和谐无间，和谐”，故填in。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节， 满分15分）‎ 第一节 （满分15分）‎ ‎46. 假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Tom来信说,他将在暑假期间来中国学习中国画,希望能在本市参加一个短期课程。你帮他联系了一所艺术学校,请给他回信,告知以下内容:‎ ‎1.学习内容:水墨山水画(Chinese ink landscape painting);‎ ‎2.课程时间:六周;‎ ‎3.收费及食宿安排。‎ 注意:1.词数80左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;‎ - 25 -‎ ‎3.短文中不得出现学校或地区名称。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ How is everything going? I'm delighted to know you're coming to China to learn Chinese paintings, hoping to take a short course in my city.‎ An art school, which is located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you. As I've learned, you'll finish studying Chinese ink landscape painting in six weeks. What's more, you can both eat and live in the school while studying here. Therefore, you needn't worry about your accommodation. In addition, the school charges a relatively modest fee.‎ If you have any other questions, please write to me as soon as possible.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友Tom写信，给他介绍所联系艺术学校的课程安排。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 ‎ 要求：‎ 写信目的 学习内容:水墨山水画;‎ 课程时间:六周;‎ 收费及食宿安排。‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ - 25 -‎ be glad to do sth./ be delighted to do sth./ hope to do sth./ be located/ be scheduled/ live in/ provide sth. for sb./ look forward to 第三步：连词成句 I'm glad to know you're coming to China to learn Chinese paintings and want to take a short course in my city.‎ I think that an art school, located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you. ‎ As I've learned, you'll finish studying Chinese ink landscape painting in six weeks. ‎ You can both eat and live in the school while studying here. ‎ Therefore, there is no need for you to worry about your accommodation. ‎ The school fee is relatively modest.‎ If you have any other questions, please contact with me as soon as possible.‎ Looking forward to your coming.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高级表达，例如：I'm delighted to know you're coming to China to learn Chinese paintings, hoping to take a short course in my city.中know后是宾语从句，省略了连词that，并使用了现在分词作状语；An art school, which is located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you.中which引导非限制性定语从句。这些表达的使用给文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 （满分25分）‎ ‎47. 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ Alexis Vaughan, 17, sat quietly in the passenger seat of her dad's car. She stared out the window at the Preston, Idaho, cornfields.‎ Alexis, a high school student, let her eyes lazily scan the landscape for wildlife. Still, she was terrified when a deer came into view about 200 yards in front of them, just a few feet off the road. "Dad, there's a deer, there!" Alexis said, rolling down the window for a better look. It was a - 25 -‎ ‎ three-point buck (雄鹿) — a male deer with sharp, three-pronged antlers (角) on each side of its head.‎ As the car moved closer, Alexis saw that the buck's head was bent toward the ground. Then she heard a scream. A few seconds later, she saw an arm fly up near the buck's head. Alexis realized the buck was attacking a woman. Sue Panter, a 44-year-old mother, had been out for her morning run. The buck had come out from the tall corn and began following her. Having lived in rural Idaho for years, Sue knew that most bucks got frightened by humans. But this buck edged closer, even when she threw at it with a handful of gravels (石子).‎ Sue went to pick up a log to use for self-defense, and the buck attacked her. It lifted her with its antlers (角) and threw her into the air. Sue could feel the horns punctured (刺穿) her leg and blood flowed down her leg. Within seconds, the buck had pushed her off the road and into the cornfield.‎ When Alexis and her father pulled up, the buck was rolling Sue like a rag doll. Alexis looked into the woman's terrified eyes, and before her father had even stopped the car, the 104 pound teenager jumped quickly out of the car and down the slope toward the buck. She was kicking and hitting it to get its attention. Then Michael, her father, who had followed his daughter, wrestled the buck away from the women by holding the antlers.‎ 注意：‎ ‎1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2） 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ Paragraph 1:‎ Alexis helped Sue up the slope.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Then she heard her father yell.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Para 1 :‎ Alexis helped Sue up the slope. She immediately seated her into their car, and then applied a clean towel from her bag to Sue's right leg tightly, which would help to stop its bleeding. Obviously, Sue was too shocked by the accident to let out a word. Alexis talked softly to comfort the terrified woman and thought about how to help her father.‎ Para 2 :‎ Then she heard her father yell. Michael had been knocked to the ground, his right leg speared by the buck. Alexis grabbed a hammer from the car and ran to where Michael lay on his back in the dirt. She beat the bucks head and neck, but the blows didn't work. Standing over her father, Alexis could see that he was struggling to breathe. Turning the hammer around, Alexis shut her eyes and hit the buck's neck. When she opened her eyes, the buck was running away. Alexis got in the driver’s seat and sped toward the hospital.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。‎ ‎【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，17岁少女Alexis和父亲一起野外开车时，遇到一位44岁的中年女士Sue被公鹿袭击，Alexis和父亲停车后，父女二人合力去救Sue。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Alexis帮助Sue爬坡。本段应该写Alexis救了Sue，把Sue带到车里安抚她，并思考帮助父亲的方法。第二段开头是：然后她听到她父亲的喊声。本段应该写Alexis发现父亲被公鹿伤害了，Alexis想方设法救出父亲，最后开车去医院。‎ 注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：too … to …, let out, run away等高级词汇；非限制性定语从句which would help to stop its bleeding，When引导的时间状语从句，Standing over her father非谓语动词做状语等。‎ - 25 -‎