山西省运城市高中联合体2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次摸底考试英语试题 Word版含解析

山西省运城市高中联合体2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次摸底考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 运城市高中联合体第一次摸底考试 高一英语试题 本试卷总共分为六部分。满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why did the woman ask the man for help? A. Because she got lost. B. Because she was not herself. C. Because she wanted to buy some books. 2. What does the man think of diet? A. It’s a foolish action. B. It helps to lose weight. C. It will make one feel weak. 3. What does the woman mean? A. She hopes for an early reply. B. There is no need for the man to hurry. C. The man can read the menu as long as he likes. 4. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Assistant and customer. C. Driver and passenger. 5. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bank. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 - 2 - 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。 6. Which is TRUE according to the dialogue? A. The man lived in Cleveland. B. The man wanted to go hack by bus for a change. C. The man wanted to save money by taking the bus home. 7. Why are the bus tickets cheaper than train tickets? A. Because a bus trip is easier than a train trip. B. Because railways are more expensive to build than highways. C. Because bus trips are a little longer than train trips. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。 8. How much should the man pay if he buy a return ticket? A. Five dollars. B. Ten dollars. C. Fifteen dollars. 9. How long will it take the man if he takes an express train? A. Within two hours. B. A little over two hours. C. Less than three hours. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 三个小题。 10. Where does the dialogue most probably happen? A. In a university. B. In a customs’ house. C. In a police station. 11. Why is the man here? A. On a personal trip. B. On a visiting trip. C. On a business trip. 12. What hasn't the man got with him in his bag? A. Wine. B. Camera. C. Cigarettes. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 四个小题。 13. When did the man leave the office? A. Before five o’clock. B. At five o'clock. C. After five o’clock. 14. Where did the man have his supper? - 3 - A. In his office. B. At a restaurant. C. In the cinema. 15. How long did the movie about the war last? A. Almost a whole night. B. Nearly five hours. C. Around three hours. 16. What time did the man get home? A. Around one o'clock. B. About twenty-one o'clock. C. Less than one o'clock. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 四个小题。 17. What did the father mean by saying “ Press down hard on it.” to his son? A. Pressing the sacks into water with all his strength. B. Getting the sack quickly out of the water. C. Holding the sack with great strength to prevent it from dropping into the water. 18. Why did the father always say something against his intention? A. Because his son always did the opposite. B. Because he felt it was a humorous way. C. Because his son was fond of his father's strange way. 19. What does the boy’s reply mean? A. It shows the boy is cleverer than his father. B. It shows the boy wants to play a trick on his father. C. It shows that the boy really hates his father. 20. What can we learn from the article? A. Parents should teach their children correctly and communicate with them equally. B. Parents should teach their children how to do the opposite thing. C. Children shouldn't do what their parents tell them to do. 第二部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Metro Pocket Guide Metrorail(地铁) Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age - 4 - five may travel free with a paying customer. Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and fare card machines only provide up to $ 5 in change. Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a. m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays. Hours of Service Open: 5 a. m. Mon.-Fri. 7a. m. Sat.—Sun. Close: midnight Sun.—Thur. 3a.m.Fri. —-Sat.nights Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in the stations. Metrobus When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1. 35 and when paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is $1. 25 Fares for the Senior /disabled customers Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards,SmarTrip cards and passes, please visit MetroOpenDoors. com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000. Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100 Travel tips ●Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a. m. and between 4 and 6 p. m. ●If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195. 1. What should you know about farecard machines? A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a. m. B. They are connected to change machines. C. They offer special service to the elderly. - 5 - D. They make change for no more than $5. 2. What is good about a SmarTrip card? A. It is convenient for old people. B. It saves money for its users. C. it can be bought at any time. D. it is sold on the Internet. 3. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro? A. 202-962-1195 B. 202-962-1100 C. 202-637-7000 D. 202-637-8000 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【分析】 本文是应用文。文章是一份地铁使用指南，它详细地介绍了地铁的运营时间、购票优惠及注 意事项等信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Metrorail 部分第二段中的“Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $ 5 in change.”可知，请乘客带上小面额钞票，因为车站没有零钱机，而票卡机最多只能提供 5 美 元的零钱。即票卡机提供的零钱不超过 5 美元。故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Metrobus 部分中的“When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1. 35 and when paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is $1. 25”可知，当旅客付零钱买 票时，票价是 1.35 美元，而使用 SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）付款时，票价为 1. 25 美元。因此 使用 SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）的好处是为用户节省金钱。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Travel tips 部分中的“If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.”可知，如果你在地铁巴士上， 地铁车厢内或车站里丢失了东西，请致电 202-962-1195，与失物招领处联系。故选 A。 【点睛】细节理解题简述 提问文章细节的选择题是阅读理解题中的常见题型，用来考查考生对文章内涵（即事件发生 的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等方面）的理解。 如何回答细节理解题？ - 6 - 提问文章细节的选择题一般针对文章中某个特定细节或涉及若干细节。一般来说，围绕文章 细节的命题大部分题目都可以在原文中找到答案，或者需要稍微变通一下，寻找文中关键词 的同义词或释意。例如小题 2：根据 Metrobus 部分中的“When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1. 35 and when paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is $1. 25”可知， 当旅客付零钱买票时，票价是 1.35 美元，而使用 SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）付款时，票价为 1. 25 美元。因此使用 SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）的好处是为用户节省金钱。故选 B。 B Surviving Hurricane Sandy (飓风桑迪) Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help. She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced. - 7 - In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the scars (创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.” 4. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ______. A. some friends had lost their lives. B. her neighborhood was destroyed. C. her school had moved to Brooklyn. D. the elderly were free from suffering. 5. According to paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most? A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild. B. The people trapped in high-rise building. C. The volunteers donating money to survivors. D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people. 6. How did Natalie help the survivors? A. She gave her toys to the kids. B. She took care of younger children. C. She called on the White House to help. D. She built an information sharing platform. 7. What does the story intend to tell us? A. Little people can make a big difference. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. East or West, home is best. D. Technology is power. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A - 8 - 【解析】 Natalie 是一个 14 岁的孩子，她生活的地方 Brooklyn 遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看 到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie 也加入进去，Natalie 创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠 者找到需要的受助者。Natalie 的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。 【4 题详解】 段落大意题。A 项文章未提及；根据第三段“Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn”可知学校没有搬走，而是暂时去 Brooklyn 上学，排除 C；根据“people were suffering, especially the elderly”排除 D；根据“When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.” 可知他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.”可知，那些帮助 Rockaway 恢复重建的人给了 Natalie 鼓舞， 故选 A。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.”可知，Natalie 创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息 和捐赠信息，故选 D。 【7 题详解】 写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.” 可知，Natalie 的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选 A。 考点：人物故事类短文阅读。 【名师点睛】故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格 特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有 些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述 的，有顺叙、倒叙等。 解题技巧： 1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋 习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不 - 9 - 意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第 62 题：通过 Natalie 帮助他人的行为告诉读者小人物也可以有大作为这一道理。 2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图 和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这 类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可 在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。 3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。 要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、 地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具 体的数据。 C Basketball fans around the world are mourning the death of American superstar Kobe Bryant. Bryant was killed in a helicopter crash Sunday in California, along with his 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven other people. He was 41 years old. Bryant was an 18-time All-Star player. He won five NBA championships and two Olympic gold medals. He was widely considered one of the greatest basketball players of his generation during his 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers. The helicopter carrying Bryant and the others crashed into a hilly area in foggy conditions outside Los Angeles. Bryant lived south of Los Angeles and often used helicopters to travel around the area to save time and avoid Southern California traffic. The cause of the crash is under investigation. It took place about 32 kilometers from Bryant's Mamba Sports Academy, a basketball training center in Newbury Park, California. Bryant was on his way to attend a youth basketball competition on Sunday with his daughter. Bryant and his wife, Vanessa, had four daughters. When he retired from the NBA in 2016, Bryant was the third-leading scorer in NBA history with 33,643 points. He is widely expected to be elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame this year. The basketball world and the Los Angeles community reacted to Bryant’s death - 10 - with an outpouring of sadness, disbelief and support. In a statement, NBA Commissioner Adam Silver said Bryant was one of the greatest stars in the game. But he added, He will be remembered most for inspiring people around the world to pick up a basketball and compete to the very best of their ability. On Twitter, U.S. President Donald Trump noted the terrible news. He called Bryant one of the truly great basketball players of all time who was just getting started in life. 8. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A science report. B. A biography. C. A textbook. D. A newspaper. 9. What Kobe Bryant impressed people in the world most was . A. his death B. his achievements C. his inspiration D. his talent 10. The underlined words “under investigation” in Paragraph 5 mean______. A. careful examination B. evidence C. discussion D. argument 11. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Hearing the death of Kobe, fans around the world were very sad. B. There were nine passengers on board, including one of his daughters. C. Bryant was to attend a basketball competition with his daughter. D. Bryant used the helicopter to save time and avoid the traffic jam on a fine day. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。篮球巨星科比因为意外去世，全世界篮球爱好者们对其哀悼。文章简述 了，科比在篮球生涯中取得的成就。 【8 题详解】 推理判断。根据上下文，文章简述了科比去世的时间地点和原因。也介绍了科比的出身背景。 最后还阐述了科比篮球生涯中所取得的成就。以及全球各地对其过世表示哀悼。因此可推断 这是一篇新闻报道。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 - 11 - 细节理解题。根据倒数第 2 段“But he added, he will be remembered most for inspiring people around the world to pick up a basketball and compete to the very best of their ability”可知，他被铭记，因为他激励了世界各地的人们拿起篮球，尽自己最大的能力去比 赛。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 词义猜测题。文章第 4 段提到，科比的直升飞机在多雾的山区坠毁。根据上文分析，第 4 段 的飞机坠毁原因应该是正在调查。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 事实细节题。根据第 4 段“Bryant lived south of Los Angeles and often used helicopters to travel around the area to save time and avoid Southern California traffic”可 知，科比使用直升飞机的原因是因为他住在南加州和为了节省时间和避免南加州的交通。而 并没有提到 D 选项中所谓“好天气”或“交通堵塞”。故选 D 项。 D Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user. The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos. Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces. - 12 - Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for. The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal. 12. What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3? A. Communicate with you and perform operations. B. Answer your questions and make requests. C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk. D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills. 13. What can Oshbot work as? A. A language teacher. B. A tour guide. C. A shop assistant. D. A private nurse. 14. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will ______. A. train employees B. be our workmates C. improve technologies D. take the place of workers 15. What does the passage mainly present? A. A new design idea of household robots. B. Marketing strategies for social robots. C. Information on household robots. D. An introduction to social robots. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了社交机器人在未来几年中不论是在家中还是工作场所都将变得越 来越普遍，它将以更加人性化的方式将技术带入日常生活。 【12 题详解】 - 13 - 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.”可知，你可以与机 器人对话，询问机器人问题，并要求其执行不同的任务。机器可以做一些事情，例如：提醒 年老的家庭成员吃药或拍照。因此该机器人可以服从人的命令并提醒其服药。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.” 可知，该机器人旨在为商店中的顾客提供帮助，它可以帮助顾客找到商品并帮助他们来到商 品的具体位置。它也可以说不同的语言，并根据客户的购买需求提供不同的商品购买建议。 由此可知，该机器人可以从事店员的工作。故选 C。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us.”可知，Oshbot 与其他 社交机器人一样，研究人员创造这种机器人并不是要替换工人，而是要它与其他员工一起工 作。研究人员拥有技术来培训社交机器人并不是让其为他们工作而是和他们一起工作。因此 我们可以从最后一段中知道社交机器人会成为人们的同事。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段的第一句“Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.”可知， 不论是在家中还是工作场所，社交机器人在未来几年中都将变得越来越普遍。下文通过具体 举例子说明社交机器人的功能。即文章的主要内容是对社交机器人的简介。故选 D。 【点睛】推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法： 推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判 断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下 逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。 例如小题 3 是推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Oshbot, like other social robots, is - 14 - not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us.”可知， Oshbot 与其他社交机器人一样，研究人员创造这种机器人并不是要替换工人，而是要它与其 他员工一起工作。研究人员拥有技术来培训社交机器人并不是让其为他们工作而是和他们一 起工作。因此我们可以从最后一段中知道社交机器人会成为人们的同事。故选 B。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 E Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! ___16___ According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realize. In fact, non-verbal(非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. ___17___ Indeed, what is called body language is so much a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. ___18___ Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact(接触) even with friends, and certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is following a Norwegian all over the room. ___19___The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep backing away —which the Latino will in return regard as coldness. ___20___ And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there's a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be treated. A. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. B. It speaks louder than words. C. Your body Language will give others a general impression of you. D. And body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures. E. In many American cultures, it is inappropriate for men and women to touch in public. F. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people talk. - 15 - G. For example, different societies treat the distance between people differently. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章给我们介绍了有关肢体语言的一些内容。不同文化下的肢体语言是不 同的，当我们设法进行跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。但有一条黄金法则就是：对待别 人要像别人对待你一样。 【16 题详解】 上文 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all!(肢体语 言是所有语言中最安静、神秘、以及最有力量的语言)与 B. It speaks louder than words.(它 的效果远胜于言辞)承接自然，因为肢体语言是最有力量的语言，所以它的效果远胜于言辞， 选项中的 it 指代上文提到的 body language，故选 B 项。 【17 题详解】 上文 According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realize. In fact, non-verbal(非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean.(一 些专家认为，我们的肢体所发出的信息远远超过我们所能想象的那么少。事实上，非言辞交 流占据我们所说话真实含义的 50%之多)与 D. And body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures.(而当我们试着进行跨文化交流时，肢 体语言变得非常重要)承接自然，因为肢体语言传递的信息占 50%之多，所以在跨文化交流中 显得更为重要，故选 D 项。 【18 题详解】 上文 And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.(因为忽视肢体语言而导致了误解的 产 生 ) 与 G. For example, different societies treat the distance between people differently.(例如，不同的社会群体对待人们之间距离的方式迥然不同)承接自然，选项是 对上文所述内容的举例说明，故选 G 项。 【19 题详解】 上文 Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is following a Norwegian all over the room.(因此，在一次对话中，我们可能会看到一个拉 美裔的谈话者追着一个挪威伙伴满屋子转)与 A. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer.(拉美人，试着表示友好，会继续靠近对方)承接自然，上下文都 讲述了拉美人对待人与人之间距离的方式，Latino 是关键词，故选 A 项。 - 16 - 【20 题详解】 下文 And only a part of it is in the words themselves. (而发生中的一切，只有一部分 是以语言的方式表达出来的)与 F. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people talk.(显 而易见，人们相互谈话时发生了很多事情)承接自然，上下文是递进关系，要表达的意思是： 语言只是人们谈话时发生的众多事情之一，故选 F 项。 第三部分 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 Whenever we hear about "the homeless", most of us think of the developing world. But the ___21___ is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a___22___country like Germany? Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making___23___ for the homeless of Berlin, Germany's capital. They first___24___ one long hot summer when most Germans were___25___ on holiday. Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, ___26___ a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren't ___27___. “What these people also need is warmth and___28___, ” says Rita. The Mullers didn’t ___29___to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita ___30___ there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always___31___ to anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street. The couple were soon___32___all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to___33___ donations. Today, over thirty companies ___34___donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to___35___them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer___36___ new shoes. Kurt and Rita receive no___37___ for their hard work. “We feel like parents,” says Rita, “and parents shouldn’t___38___ money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary. Though Rita admits she often gets___39___. She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a___40___ in the world. 21. A. result B. truth C. reason D. idea - 17 - 22. A. traditional B. developing C. typical D. wealthy 23. A. preparations B. houses C. meals D. suggestions 24. A. began B. met C. called D. left 25. A. asleep B. alone C. across D. away 26. A. brought up B. set up C. put aside D. gave away 27. A. enough B. necessary C. helpful D. expensive 28. A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring 29. A. hesitate B. agree C. pretend D. intend 30. A. made sense B. found out C. made sure D. worked out 31. A. open B. crowded C. noisy D. near 32. A. costing B. wasting C. taking D. spending 33. A. pay for B. ask for C. look into D. carry out 34. A. completely B. calmly C. regularly D. roughly 35. A. advertise B. sell C. deliver D. lend 36. A. donates B. produces C. designs D. collects 37. A. permission B. payment C. direction D. support 38. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. expect 39. A. surprised B. excited C. tired D. amused 40. A. profit B. difference C. decision D. rule 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时光，为那些无家可归 的人做饭，提供住宿。在花完自己的积蓄后他们还向公司求助，呼吁更多的人们去关注那些 无家可归的人。他们希望在这个世界上可以多一份关爱，少一份痛苦。 - 18 - 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A. result 结 果; B. truth 事实，真理； C. reason 理由; D. idea 主意。根据 but 可以判断后句内容和 前句内容“每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到发展中国家”是转折关系， 前面说人们的想法，所以后面应该是事实，故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. traditional 传统的；B. developing 发展中的；C. typical 典型的；D. wealthy 富裕的。根据空后 like Germany 判断前面是指像德国这样的典 型的发达国家，故选 D。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. preparations 筹备；B. houses 房子；C. meals 餐， 饭；D. suggestions 建议。根据后文 Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home， made sandwiches 可知他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了，故选 C。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. began 开始；B. met 遇到；C. called 打电话，叫；D. left 离开。根据 first 可知此处指他们开始为这些无家可归人们做饭是在一个漫长而炎热的 夏天，故选 A。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：当大部分的德国人都离开去度假的时候 。A. asleep 睡着的；B. alone 单独的；C. across 穿过；D. away 离开，远去。他们是从一个漫 长而炎热的夏天开始，而在这个时候大多数德国人都外出度假了，选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. brought up 提出，抚养；B. set up 搭建，安装，布 置，临时搭起；C. put aside 放一边，储存；D. gave away 无偿赠送，暴露。Kurt 和他的妻 子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分给那些无家可归的人，由此判断他们在街上布置好桌 子，选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.enough 足够的 ；B. necessary 有必要的；C. helpful 帮助的；D. expensive 贵的。由后句中的 what people also need…（人们还需要的是）可 知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。故选 A。 - 19 - 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。 A. fame 名望；B. freedom 自由； C. courage 勇气； D. caring 关心.从 and 前面的 warmth 判断选 A。句意：他们还需要温暖和关怀。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。 A. hesitate 犹豫；B. agree 同意； C. pretend 假装； D. intend 打算，想要。穆勒夫妇倾尽所有去帮助这些无家可归的人们，由此判断他们是毫 不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打电话。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。 句意：Rita 确保家里有人接电话。 A. made sense 讲 得通；B. found out 弄清楚； C.made sure 确保；D.worked out 计算出。结合上文 Muller 一家总是愿意把电话号码给街上的人并告诉他们随时可以打电话，可知 Rita 要确保家里有接 电话的人，故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. open 开放的；B. crowded 拥挤的；C. noisy 嘈杂 的，吵闹的；D. near 附近的。由上文可知他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所 以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时敞开着的。be open to 意为“对某人 是敞开的；对……开放”，故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。 A. costing 花费；B. wasting 浪费；C. taking 带走； D. spending 花费。.穆勒夫妇很快就要把他们的钱花光了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去 将要发生的动作。waste 不符合句意；cost 主语不能是 sb，常用句式是：（某物）花费（某人） 钱数；take 也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是 sth.或形式主语 it，常用句式是：It takes sb sometime to do sth。spend 花费，主语是人，常用句式是：Sb spends sometime /money on sth/(in)doing sth.。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：于是 Kurt 参观了食物和服装公司来要求捐赠。A. pay for 付款 ；B. ask for 要求；请求； C. look into 调查； D. carry out 实现。从上 下文可知他们向一些服装厂和食品厂去请求捐助，选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. completely 完全地，完整地；B. calmly 镇定地，平 - 20 - 静地；C. regularly 经常性地，定期；D. roughly 大约，粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期 地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品，其他不符合语境，故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。 A. advertise 做广告；B. sell 卖出；C. deliver 发 送、发表； D. lend 借给。从语境可知志愿者们是来帮助他们向无家可归者分发这些食品物 品，选 C。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. donates 捐赠；B. produces 生产；C. designs 设计； D. collects 收集。根据语境判断除了公司捐赠以外，公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还 捐赠新鞋，故选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. permission 许可；B. payment 报酬，付款；C. direction；方向 D. support 支持。根据后句中的“and parents shouldn't 53 money for helping their children.可知此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到报酬，选 B。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. borrow 借；B. raise 提高；C. save 保存；D. expect 期望。从语境可以判断他们感觉自己就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期 望得到钱的。其他动词不符合句意，故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. surprised 惊讶；B. excited 兴奋；C. tired 累的； D. amused 逗乐。根据后面的主句内容可以判断尽管 Rita 承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继 续这工作，故选 C。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：她会继续工作下去，因为她喜欢能够在世界上发 挥自己作用的感觉。 A. sell 卖出； B. difference 差异； C. decision 决定； D. rule 规则。此处指他们的所作所为给别人的生活带来了改变，make a difference“有影响，起作 用”，选 B。 第四部分 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） Natural resources are things ______41______ exist in nature and can be used by - 21 - people. Some natural resources are renewable, like trees. When one tree is cut down, we can plant a new tree to replace it. Others, ______42______, are not renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. Once it is used, it is ______43______. (go) Although we all know that our natural resources are limited, we often waste them in our daily life. Paper, bottles and cans ______44______ (throw) away carelessly; food is wasted just because of its poor taste; clothes are rejected _____45_____ (simple) due to their old fashion. These valuable natural resources will run out before long _____46_____ better use is made of them. Actually, everyone can make contributions (贡献) to _____47_____ (protect) our natural resources. For example, ______48______riding a bicycle or walking instead of driving, we can save lots of petrol. Water is a very important natural resource because we all need _____49_____ to stay alive. We can make wise______50______ (choose) to save water, like reusing the water that has been used to wash vegetables to water flowers. 【答案】41. which / that 42. however 43. gone 44. are thrown 45. simply 46. unless 47. protecting 48. by 49. it 50. Choices 【解析】 请在此填写整体分析! 【41 题详解】 考察连词。句意：自然资源是自然界中存在的，可以被人使用的东西。“exist in nature and can be used by people.”用来修饰 things。things 是物，which 和 that 均可用，故填 which / that。 【42 题详解】 考察副词。句意：然而，其他的东西就不可再生，就像煤炭从地上挖出来一样。前文说到“Some natural resources are renewable, like trees.” ， 而 本 句 “Others,……, are not - 22 - renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. ”句子结构完整，和上文构成转折关 系，应填表示“但是”的单词。本空又有逗号隔开，故填 however。 【43 题详解】 考察动词。句意：一旦被用掉，它就永远消失。故填 gone。 【44 题详解】 考察动词。句意：纸，瓶和罐被不小心丢弃。“Paper, bottles and cans”是自己不会扔， 被扔的东西，故填 are thrown。 【45 题详解】 考察副词。句意：衣服仅仅因为不时尚就被拒绝。“simple”修饰的是“due to”，应用副 词形式。故填 simply。 【46 题详解】 考察连词。句意：这些有价值的自然资源将在很久之前耗尽，除非更好地利用它们。本空前 后构成条件关系，结合前后关系，故填 unless。 【47 题详解】 考察动词。句意：其实每个人都可以为保护自然资源做出贡献。固定搭配 contributions to doing sth 为……做出贡献，故填 protecting。 【48 题详解】 考察介词。句意：骑自行车或行走而不是驾驶，我们可以节省大量汽油。by 作介词时有通过、 靠的意思，也有乘交通工具的意思，如：by bus 乘公交。故填 by。 【49 题详解】 考察代词。句意：水是一个非常重要的自然资源，因为我们都需要它保持活力。本空应填 Water， 但是前半句有 Water，不能重复，所以用代词表示。故填 it。 【50 题详解】 考察动词。句意：我们可以做出明智的选择来节约用水，比如重新利用已经用来洗蔬菜水的 花朵。wise 是形容词，睿智的，所以本空应填名词。故填 Choices。 【名师点睛】解“语法填空”题的一般步骤是： 一、浏览全文 把握语篇 浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义” 决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为 较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材(语题)、中心思想、写作主线、段落大 - 23 - 意、段落层次等。这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻 辑推理。 二、边读边填 先易后难 在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。填空的过程是一个判断空白处 应填词语的“语义”(已给出词语的除外)和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。遇到一时想不 起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。 例如：小题 2 前文有“Some natural resources are renewable, like trees.”，填空 处又有“Others,……, are not renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. ”。 前后是平行结构，语义相反，构成转折关系，要填表示转折关系的单词。本空又有逗号隔开， 故填 however。 三、验证复查 清除难点 有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读， 以最后确定答案。 第五部分 根据提示完成下面句子。每空一词。（满分 15 分) 第一节 单词填空 51. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had a second chance to become more________(involve). 52. I have no difficulty______________(communicate) with them. 53. She answered all my questions with her usual ____________(honest). 54. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be e_____________ respected. 55. It's ______________(frighten) to think it could happen again. 【答案】51. involved 52. communicating 53. honesty 54. equally 55. frightening 【解析】 【51 题详解】 - 24 - 考查形容词作表语或非谓语动词。句意：这个村的社交生活很棒，我真的希望能再有机会变 得更加具有参与性。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作为 become 的表语，involve 也可以分 析为与逻辑主语 I 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，故填 involved。 【52 题详解】 考查动名词。句意：我和他交流没有困难。此处考查固定短语 have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，应用动名词作为介词 in 的宾语，故填 communicating。 【53 题详解】 考查名词。句意：她以她一贯的诚实回答我的所有问题。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为 介词 with 的宾语，“诚实”是抽象名词，不可数，故填 honesty。 【54 题详解】 考查副词。句意：任何人，无论他是政府官员还是公交车司机，都应该受到平等的尊重。根 据首字母提示和所给句子可推出是副词 equally“平等地”，此处用副词修饰动词 respected， 故填 equally。 【55 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：想着这件事情还会发生就让人害怕。此处考查固定句型 it is + adj. + to do sth.“做某事是……的”，又此处意为“让人害怕的”，故应用 v-ing 形式形容词，故填 frightening。 第二节 短语填空 56. Care for the environment will become very important with the earth's natural resources ________ ________(用完，枯竭). 57. On a cold evening with snow floating in the air, I ________ ________(被困) on the road because of a flat tire. 58. She ________ ________(学会) Spanish when she was living in Mexico. 59. Born in a family with three brothers, David ________ ________ ________(养育， 培养) to value the sense of sharing as a young boy. 60. Do you think that mixed – ability classes ________ ________(阻碍进展) the better students? 【答案】56. (1). running (2). out 57. (1). got /was (2). stuck/trapped/caught - 25 - 58. (1). picked (2). up 59. (1). was (2). brought (3). up 60. (1). hold (2). back 【解析】 【56 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：随着地球资源的枯竭，关心环境将会变得非常重要。此处考查固定短 语 run out“用完/枯竭”，分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语作宾补，run out 只有现在分词 形式，故填 running; out。 【57 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：一个下雪的寒冷下午，我因车胎没气被困在路上。此处考查短语 be/get caught/ stuck/ trapped“被困”，此处是句子谓语动词，结合语境判断为一般过去时，故 填 got / was; stuck/trapped/caught。 【58 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她住在墨西哥时，顺便学会了西班牙语。此处考查固定短语 pick up“学 会”，由下文的 was 判断为一般过去时，故填 picked; up。 【59 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：出生在一个有三兄弟的家庭，David 从小就被培养珍惜分享。此处考查 固定短语 bring up“养育/培养”，由 as a young boy 判断为一般过去时，主语 David 和该 短语之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填 was; brought; up。 【60 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：你认为混合能力类的班级会阻碍更好学生的发展吗？此处考查固定短 语 hold back“阻碍”，结合语境判断为一般现在时，故填 hold; back。 第六部分 书面表达（满分 20 分） 61.某英文杂志正在举办以“fancy yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动，请你 以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题，写一篇英语短文。 内容包括：1. 采访的对象; 2. 采访的原因; 3. 采访的问题。 注意:词数 100 左右; A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview - 26 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei. I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it. If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained. I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read. Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life，which must be very interesting. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达，要求以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题写一篇短文。 【详解】第一步：根据提纲要求，首先提出自己想要采访的人物是谁，扣题。 第二步：根据提纲依次写出采访的原因和采访的问题；内容包含全面，关键词选用合理，如 go to space，be interested in，learn…from…，not only…but also…等等。 第三步：连词成文，结构衔接得体。 【点睛】第一段，开门见山，表达主题思想，清晰明确，简单明了。 第二段，说明采访原因和采访的问题，结构清晰，Finally…连接结构的短语和词运用得体恰 当。 第三段，文章运用很多虚拟语气，结构严谨。 文章内容完整，提纲要点全面，格式规范，语篇连贯，使用复合句，显示考生有很高的英语 驾驭能力，如 If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and - 27 - how he was trained. Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life，which must be very interesting. - 28 -