黑龙江省实验校2020届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析
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黑龙江省实验中学 2020 年高三第二次模拟考试联盟校
英语能力测试
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、
准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2.选择题答案使用 2B 铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择
题答案使用 0.5 毫米黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，字迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
5.考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。
第一部分
听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 7. 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the woman lose?
A. Her car. B. Her purse. C. Her keys.
2. What caused the crash?
A. The truck going too fast.
B. The boy crossing the street.
C. The driver driving carelessly.
3. What is the rent if the man wants a single room with a hot bath?
A. MYM15. B. MYM35. C. MYM50.
4. Which word can best describe the man?
A. Poor. B. Greedy. C. Forgetful.
5. Why was the woman late according to herself?
A. She forgot the time change.
B. Her roommate told her the wrong time.
C. Her roommate forgot to tell her the time change.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分）
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听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，
各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. How does the man travel around the world?
A. By car. B. By motorbike. C. By bike.
7. What does the man think of cycling?
A. Unadventurous. B. Comfortable. C. Environmentally friendly.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8. 9 题。
8. What is the woman going to do on Saturday?
A. Go for a race. B. Take a break. C. Run ten kilometers.
9. What does the man think of the woman's plan?
A. It is absurd. B. It is good. C. It is unwise.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the woman have to do?
A. Fill out the form. B. Drop a course. C. Get a US passport.
11. Where did the woman spend her childhood?
A. In Texas. B. In Japan. C. In the USA.
12. Why does the man ask the woman those questions?
A. To locate her mother. B. To determine her nationality. C. To find out
her native language.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Who probably is the man?
A. An airport clerk. B. A travel agent. C. A hotel clerk.
14. How will the woman get to Maui?
A. By air. B. By bus. C. By ship.
15. Who will be interested in the golf package?
A. The kids. B. The husband. C. The woman.
16. When will the woman be back?
A. On Sunday. B. On Saturday. C. On Tuesday.
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听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What percent of stolen cars can be recovered each year?
A. About 40%. B. About 50%. C. About 60%.
18. Where is car theft most likely to occur?
A. In shopping centers. B. In back streets. C. By the roadside.
19. How do most car thieves carry out the crime?
A. They break into the cars.
B. They enter the unlocked cars.
C. They steal the keys and enter the cars.
20. What does the speaker say about the professionals?
A. Many of them are very young.
B. They need a few minutes to break into a car.
C. They use the stolen cars to do other illegal things.
第二部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you seeking a job to start your career in teaching?Are you enthusiastic about
teaching English? If yes,we have a perfect role for you!Reed Education Teachers is
working with good and outstanding schools in Waltham Forest that are looking for
enthusiastic and excellent English teachers.
What will be offered to you:
●Support in developing within an outstanding school;
●An outstanding working environment;
●Opportunities and support for personal development;
●Opportunities for rapid development within the school;
●Competitive and negotiable starting salaries;
●Rapid,free and all-sided support;
●Professional insight into the right schools for you to begin your teaching
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career;
●Continued professional development;
●Additional benefits available.
You will be:
●Teaching KS3/4 English;
●Supported from the Head of English into teaching KS5 English;
●Encouraging and helping students develop their English speaking,writing and
reading;
●Organized,able to do several tasks at the same time and have enthusiasm for
work;
●Able to build a close relationship with colleagues and work within a team
effectively;
●Reporting to the Head of Department every 15 days;
●Supporting the ideas,principles and values of the school.
The schools:
●Judged by Ofsted(英国教育标准局）as outstanding schools;
●Excellent fame;
●Focus on achievements and rapidly growing;
●Enthusiastic about supporting new staff in their career move;
●Friendly and supportive staffs.
Interested? Apply today! You will be contacted by marketa. juggapahreedglobal.
com if selected by us. Reed Education Stratford- we are devoted to helping children
and young people develop. Through our communication with our schools,we can highlight
their needs and respond to them with the best staff possible. As a teacher,you will
benefit from having your own personal consultant to work with,which is where we differ
from most agencies. Let's work together to find the perfect role for you.
1. For what purpose does Reed Education Teachers make the advertisement?
A. To attract some top students.
B. To look for some excellent English teachers.
C. To offer some English courses free of charge.
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D. To raise some money to set up some outstanding schools.
2. People who get the job must_
A. have team spirit
B. be competitive in all fields
C. adjust to the rules of the school quickly
D. be able to work in a high-pressure environment
3. Good and outstanding schools in Waltham Forest
A. have very strict rules
B. offer a high salary for their staff
C. focus more on students' development
D. help the new teachers develop better
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章是 Reed Education Teachers 发布的一则招聘英语教师广告。文章介
绍了学校将为聘用的教师提供什么，教师的职责，对招聘教师的学校的介绍。
【1 题详解】
细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 中 的 Reed Education Teachers is working with good and
outstanding schools in Waltham Forest that are looking for enthusiastic and excellent
English teachers. (Reed Education Teachers 正在与 Waltham Forest 的优秀学校合作，寻
找热情又优秀的英语教师。)可知 Reed Education Teachers 做这个广告的目的是寻找一些优
秀的英语教师。故选 B 项。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You will be: ”段中的 Able to build a close relationship with
colleagues and work within a team effectively(能够与同事建立密切关系，并在团队内
有效工作)可知得到这份工作的人必须有团队精神。故选 A 项。
【3 题详解】
细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 中 的 Reed Education Teachers is working with good and
outstanding schools in Waltham Forest(Reed Education Teachers 正在与 Waltham Forest
的优秀学校合作)可知此则广告中的“The schools”指的是 Waltham Forest 的优秀学校。再
根据“The schools:”段中的 Enthusiastic about supporting new staff in their career
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move (积极支持新员工的职业发展)可知 Waltham Forest 的优秀学校帮助新教师更好地发展。
故选 D 项。
B
On January 12,a few days after registration for the course of Psychology and the
Good Life,roughly 300 people had signed up. Within three days,the figure had more
than doubled. After three more days, about 1,200 students,or nearly one-fourth of
Yale undergraduates,were enrolled.
The course,taught by Laurie Santos,42,a psychology professor and the head of one
of Yale's residential colleges,tries to teach students how to lead a happier,more
satisfying life in twice-weekly lectures.
＂Students want to change,to be happier themselves,and to change the culture here
on campus," Dr,Santos said in an interview. "With one in four students at Yale taking
it,if we see good habits, things like students showing more gratitude,delaying
less,increasing social connections,we're actually seeing change in the school's
culture. "
Dr. Santos discovered that Yale students are interested in the class because,in
high school,they had to give up their happiness to gain admission to the
school,adopting harmful life habits that have led to what she called"the mental health
crises we're seeing at places like Yale. "A 2013 report by the Yale College Council
found that more than half of undergraduates sought mental health care from the
university during their time there.
＂In reality,a lot of us are anxious,stressed and unhappy,"said Alannah
Maynez,19,a freshman taking the course. "The fact that a class like this has such
large interest speaks to how much students numb their emotions-both positive and
negative-so they can only focus on their work,the next step and the next accomplishment.
"
Students have long requested that Yale offer a course on positive
psychology,according to Woo-Ky-oung Ahn,director of undergraduate studies in
psychology,who said she was"blown away"by Dr. Santos' s proposal for the class.
Administrators like Fr. Ahn expected significant enrollment for the class,but
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none anticipated it being quite so large. Psychology and the Good Life,with 1,182
undergraduates currently enrolled,stands as the most popular course in Yale's
316-year history. The previous record-holder-Psychology and the Law-was offered in
1992 and had about 1,050 students,according to Marvin Chun,the Yale College dean.
Most large lectures at Yale don't exceed 600.
4. What is the purpose of the course?
A. To make students learn to show thanks.
B. To change the culture of the campus.
C. To increase students 'social connections.
D. To teach students how to become happier.
5. What does the underlined word"numb"in the fifth paragraph mean?
A. Unable to express.
B. Managing to let out.
C. Willing to share.
D. Failing to control.
6. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A. Students are interested in the course.
B. Students suffered from mental problems before.
C. Students have changed greatly after the course.
D. Students pay much attention to their performances.
7. What's the text mainly about?
A. Mental problems of undergraduates.
B. A famous professor-Laurie Santos.
C. Yale's most popular course in history.
D. How to teach college students to be happy.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了耶鲁一所大学 42 岁的心理学教授 Laurie Santos 试图通过
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每周两次的课程讲座 Psychology and the Good Life，教授学生如何过上更快乐、更满足的
生活，而且
成为耶鲁这所大学历史上最受欢迎的课程。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。由文章的第 2 段中“The course,taught by Laurie Santos,42,a psychology
professor and the head of one of Yale's residential colleges,tries to teach students
how to lead a happier,more satisfying life in twice-weekly lectures.这门由 42 岁心
理学教授，也是耶鲁一所大学的校长，试图通过每周两次的讲座教授学生如何更快乐、更满
足的生活。”可知课程设置的目的是引导学生更开心更满意。故选 D 项。
【5 题详解】
词句猜测题。由该句“The fact that a class like this has such large interest speaks
to how much students numb their emotions-both positive and negative-so they can only
focus on their work,the next step and the next accomplishment. 事实上这样的课程引
起学生这么大的兴趣，说明学生非常厌倦麻木自己的情绪—无论是积极的还是消极的—学生
麻木自己的情绪是为了把注意力放在学业上，放在下一个任务上，放在下一个成就上。”可
知，学生的情绪已经麻木。故 numb 的意思为麻木的，即无法宣泄自己的情绪。故选 A 项。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第 4 段“Dr. Santos discovered that Yale students are interested
in the class because, in high school, they had to give up their happiness to gain
admission to the school, adopting harmful life habits that have led to what she
called"the mental health crises we're seeing at places like Yale. Dr. Santos 推测，
耶鲁学生对这门课感兴趣是因为在高中阶段，他们为升学而不得不忽略自己的幸福快乐，养
成了有害的生活习惯，导致了在耶鲁这样的地方，我们正在目睹精神健康危机。”可知，学
生们之前遭受了精神健康危机。故选 B 项。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第 1 段“On January 12,a few days after registration for the course
of Psychology and the Good Life,roughly 300 people had signed up. Within three days,the
figure had more than doubled. After three more days, about 1,200 students,or nearly
one-fourth of Yale undergraduates,were enrolled. 在耶魯大学的课程开放注册三天后，注册人数达到 300 人左右；又过了三天，约有 1200 名学生，
也就是近四分之一的耶鲁本科生报名选修这门课。”和最后一段“Psychology and the Good
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Life,with 1,182 undergraduates currently enrolled,stands as the most popular course
in Yale's 316-year history. ”这门课程目前有 1182 名本科生报名选修，成为耶鲁建校 316
年来最受欢迎的课程”可知，这门课程是耶鲁这所大学历
史上最受欢迎的。故选 C 项。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就
通过关键词句来概括。文中出现两种或两种以上不同的观点，务必记牢作者的观点才是体现
全文中心的。本篇文章是介绍耶鲁一所大学最受欢迎的心理学课程，考生可以直接抓住首尾
段来确定文章的主旨。由文章第 1 段“On January 12,a few days after registration for
the course of Psychology and the Good Life,roughly 300 people had signed up. Within
three days,the figure had more than doubled. After three more days, about 1,200
students,or nearly one-fourth of Yale undergraduates,were enrolled. 在耶魯大学的
Psychology and the Good Life 课程开放注册三天后，注册人数达到 300 人左右；又过了三
天，约有 1200 名学生，也就是近四分之一的耶鲁本科生报名选修这门课。”和最后一段
“Psychology and the Good Life,with 1,182 undergraduates currently enrolled,stands
as the most popular course in Yale's 316-year history. ”这门课程目前有 1182 名本
科生报名选修，成为耶鲁建校 316 年来最受欢迎的课程”可知，Psychology and the Good Life
这门课程是耶鲁这所大学历史上最受欢迎的。即可找到文章的中心。
C
There are few things in life that are more irritating(令人愤怒的）：You are
mid-conversation with a friend. Suddenly he bursts out laughing,making you think
you've made a brilliant joke. But then he says:"Sorry,I wasn't laughing at you,I just
saw something really funny on micro blog. "He even begins replying to a text message
or checking his e-mails.
The Guardian described the scene that a friend's face buried in a screen"a distinct
21 st-century problem". The phenomenon even coins a new word"phubbing",referring to
the act of snubbing(冷落） others in a social setting by looking at your phone instead
of paying attention. According to research by advertising agency McCann in the UK,37
percent of people feel it is worse not to answer a message than it is to"phub"your
friends.
Phil Reed,a professor of psychology at Swansea University who has studied Internet
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addiction disorder,said many phubbers show symptoms of addiction to their mobile
phone.
Like pointing or picking your nose,phubbing is widely considered rude,which can
be seen from the popularity of"Stop Phubbing"campaign,which started in Australia by
23-year-old Alex Haigh who wants to shame people who snub friends and family they
are with in favor of checking their mobile phone.
The campaign's website claims that"97 percent of people claim their food tasted
worse while being a victim of phubbing"and"92 percent of repeat phubbers go on to
become politicians".
According to Katy Steinmetz,reporter with Time,phubbing"has a much greater
potential to hamper（阻碍）real-life connections by making people around us feel like
we care more about posts than their presence". She believes it is the reason why the
campaign can resonate(产生共鸣）with people and is getting press around the world.
In the UK,Glamour magazine even imagined just how Jane Austen would have
satirized(讽刺）those in need of social etiquette(礼节）when it comes to using their
smartphone. Or,to paraphrase(意译）the novelist,how it is a truth universally
acknowledged that a single man(or woman)in possession of a good smartphone must be
in want of manners.
8. The example in the opening paragraph is used to show
A. how people benefit from modern technology
B. how to reply text messages and e-mails properly
C. how to avoid hurting your friends'feelings
D. how mobile phone addiction damages our social relations
9. The purpose of the"Stop Phubbing"campaign is to_
A. persuade people to stop using mobile phones
B. give professional advice to phubbing victims
C. help people realize the rudeness of phubbing behaviors
D. encourage people to spend more time with their family
10. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the article?
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A. People who often phub are more likely to make a successful politician.
B. Pointing or picking one's nose are common symptoms of phubbers.
C. Phubbing is against human nature in that we do need real-life connections.
D. More than one third British would rather not answer a message than phub their
friends.
11. What is the tone of the last paragraph?
A. serious
B. humorous
C. doubtful
D. disagreeing
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述低头族沉迷于手机而冷落他人的现象，这种行为是无礼的，
而且阻碍了和现实生活的联系。
【8 题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段第一句“There are few things in life that are more irritating(令
人愤怒的）：You are mid-conversation with a friend.”，第三句“But then he says:" Sorry,
I wasn't laughing at you,I just saw something really funny on micro blog. "”和最
后一句“He even begins replying to a text message or checking his e-mails.”可知，
在生活中有一些事情是更加令人愤怒的，那就是你在和朋友谈话过程中。他说，“抱歉，我
不是在嘲笑你，我只是在微薄上看到一些有趣的事情。”他甚至开始回复短信或者检查他的
邮件。由此可见，朋友在谈话过程中专注手机的这种行为让作者非常愤怒。开头这个举例是
为了展示沉迷手机是如何破坏我们的社交关系。结合选项可知，选项 D 正确。
【9 题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段前半部分“Like pointing or picking your nose, phubbing is widely
considered rude, which can be seen from the popularity of "Stop Phubbing" campaign, ”
可知，像指鼻子或者挖鼻子一样，低头族行为被认为是无礼的，这个从“禁止低头族”运动
的流行可以看出。由此可见，“禁止低头族”运动的目的是为了让人们意识到低头族行为是
无礼的。结合选项可知，选项 C 正确。
【10 题详解】
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细节理解题。由第六段第一句“According to Katy Steinmetz, reporter with Time, phubbing
"has a much greater potential to hamper（阻碍）real-life connections by making people
around us feel like we care more about posts than their presence".”可知，根据《时
代》杂志的记者 Katy Steinmetz，低头族通过使我们周围的人觉得比起他们的存在我们更关
心邮件，去阻碍现实生活之间的联系。由此可知，低头症违背了人类的天性，因为我们确实
需要现实生活中的联系。选项 C 正确。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“In the UK, Glamour magazine even imagined just how Jane
Austen would have satirized(讽刺）those in need of social etiquette(礼节）when it
comes to using their smartphone.”可知，在英国，《魅力杂志》甚至想象了简·奥斯丁如
何讽刺那些要使用手机时需要社交礼节的人。由此可知，“低头族也需要社交礼节”表达的
是一种幽默的讽刺。结合选项可知，选项 B 正确。
D
Over a cup of iced tea at the midtown Radiance Tea House&Books,whose noise is
not much louder than a coffee machine's,Gregory Scott Farber,a non-practicing lawyer
who works as a research analyst, described SoundPrint he created as"Yelp for noise".
SoundPrint allows users to search for and grade restaurants and bars according to
their sound level. "laces are getting louder,"Farber said. "People tell me thirty
or forty years ago you could go somewhere to eat and expect to have a conversation.
"
Farber suffers from permanent hearing loss,caused by meningitis(脑脊膜炎)which
he contracted when he was a baby. Like so many great inventions,Farber's invention
arose from a desire to find love-or,at least,a place to have a date. "When I was
dating,I put a lot of efforts into trying to pick quiet spots,"he said. "I'd google'
quiet restaurants'. Then I would show up,but it would be noisy. " His hearing aid
helped,but not enough. "Out of curiosity,I started taking decibel(分贝)measurements.
"He sent a list of his favorite quiet places to friends in the hearing-loss
community,and soon found many requests from his normal-hearing friends.
SoundPrint includes a sound-level meter,so diners and drinkers can take
measurements using their smartphones,and upload data to the database. Farber said
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that the app brings no profit. SoundPrint covers about two thousand cities,though
only fifteen have a significant number of users. Farber recently analyzed the data
from 2,376 Manhattan restaurants and bars,and the findings are not good for ears.
More than 70%of the former and 90%of the latter were rated as"loud"-defined as between
76 and 80 decibels,or as noisy as an air-conditioner.
12. What does Gregory Scott Farber do for a living?
A. He sells hearing aids.
B. He develops computer programs.
C. He defends people in a court of law.
D. He makes a detailed analysis of data.
13. Why did Farber create SoundPrint?
A. Because he wanted to earn more money.
B. Because he could hear nothing without a hearing aid.
C. Because he wanted to help his friends who suffer hearing loss.
D. Because he suffered hearing loss and wanted to find a quiet place for dating.
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. SoundPrint can be downloaded to user's phones.
B. SoundPrint can detect noise from air-conditioner.
C. SoundPrint is widely used in 2,000 American cities.
D. SoundPrints can analyze data from restaurants and bars
15. The data collected by SoundPrint showed that ______in Manhattan.
A. restaurants are noisier than bars
B. a large majority of bars are noisy
C. there are more restaurants than bars
D. all the bars are as noisy as air-conditioners
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述 Gregory Scott Farber 开发了一个叫做 SoundPrint 的软件。通
过数据收集和分析，可以帮助用户找到安静的地方。
【12 题详解】
- 14 -
细节理解题。根据第 1 段 Gregory Scott Farber, a non-practicing lawyer who works as a
research analyst（Gregory Scott Farber,一位非执业律师,从事研究分析师工作）可知，
Gregory Scott Farber 从事的是“研究分析师”的工作。故选 D 项。
【13 题详解】
细 节 理 解 题 。 由 第 2 段 Farber suffers from permanent hearing loss, caused by
meningitis(脑脊膜炎）which he contracted when he was a baby. Like so many great
inventions, Farber's invention arose from a desire to find love-or, at least, a place
to have a date（法伯患有永久性听力损失，是由他小时候感染的脑膜炎引起的。和许多伟
大的发明一样，Farber 的发明源于寻找爱情的渴望，或者至少是一个约会的地方。）可知，
Farber 发明 SoundPrint 的原因，是因为他从小患病，且为了在约会的时候找寻一个安静的
地方。所以才开发了这款软件。故选 D 项。
【14 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 SoundPrint includes a sound-level meter, so diners and
drinkers can take measurements using their smartphones, and upload data to the
database(SoundPrint 包括一个声音电平测量器，食客和饮酒者可以使用智能手机进行测量，
并将数据上传到数据库)可知，用户可以通过手机下载 SoundPrint。故选 A 项。
【15 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段 Farber recently analyzed the data from 2,376 Manhattan
restaurants and bars, and the findings are not good for ears（Farber 最近分析了来
自曼哈顿 2376 家餐馆和酒吧的数据，发现这些餐馆和酒吧对耳朵不好）可知，这些曼哈顿的
很多餐馆和酒吧产生的声音对耳朵不好，比较吵闹。故选 B 项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
X-rays are high energy waves that are invisible. ___16___For example,doctors can
see inside the human body and security guards at airports can see inside your handbag.
In 1895,the German scientist,Wilhelm Rontgen,discovered X-rays by accident. He called
them X-rays because he hadn't seen such a form of radiation before. ___17___Wilhelm
took the first X-ray picture of the bones of his wife's hand after the discovery.
In 1901,he received the first Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery.
X-rays are valuable in medicine because then can see through certain parts of
- 15 -
the body. Doctors can take pictures to see which bones are broken or to find out which
teeth have holes. The X-rays are strong enough to pass through the skin and muscles,but
they cannot pass through hard objects like bones. In the picture,hard objects like
bones are white area___18___
There are some situations in which X-rays cannot give you a clear picture. Some
organs,for example,may prevent X-rays from showing a broken bone. For this
reason,computed tomography(CT)was invented. A person is put inside a scanner,which
is a large tube-shaped machine. ___19___ A computer puts together all of these
images,which can show doctors more than a normal X-ray can.
___20___Patients must wear protective clothing for the parts of their body that
are not X-rayed. Doc- tors and helpers who work with X-ray machines must wear lead
aprons and stand behind screens.
A. Then the person is X-rayed from all sides.
B. Objects that X-rays go through appear dark.
C. In mathematics,X means something unknown.
D. An X-ray machine is used to take these pictures.
E. X-rays,however,can also do harm to your body.
F. However,they can be an essential tool for finding out what's wrong with you.
G. They are useful because they can pass through many things that normal light cannot.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍 X 射线的用途。
【16 题详解】
根据上文提示“X 射线是不可见的高能波。”再根据下文提示“例如，医生可以看到人体内部，
机场保安可以看到你的手提包内部。”承接上下文，G 项 They are useful because they can
pass through many things that normal light cannot.（它们很有用，因为它们可以穿过
许多普通光不能穿过的东西。）切题。故选 G。
【17 题详解】
根据上文提示“他称它们为 X 射线是因为他以前从未见过这种形式的辐射。”再根据下文提
示“在这个发现之后，威廉给他妻子的手骨拍了第一张 X 光照片。”承接上下文，C 项 In
- 16 -
mathematics,X means something unknown.（在数学中，X 表示未知的东西。）切题。故选 C。
【18 题详解】
根据下文提示“在图片中，像骨头这样的坚硬物体是白色区域。”承接上文，B 项 Objects that
X-rays go through appear dark.（被 X 射线穿透的物体看起来是黑暗的。）切题。故选 B。
【19 题详解】
根据上文提示“一个人被放进一个扫描仪里，这是一个大型的管状机器。”再根据下文提示
“计算机将所有这些图像组合在一起，可以向医生展示比普通 X 光更多的图像。”承接上下
文，A 项 Then the person is X-rayed from all sides.（然后对病人进行 X 光检查。）切题。
故选 A。
【20 题详解】
根 据 下 文 提 示 “ 病 人 身 体 未 被 X 光 照 射 的 部 位 必 须 穿 防 护 服 。 ” 承 接 下 文 ， E 项
X-rays,however,can also do harm to your body.（然而，X 光也会伤害你的身体。）切题。
故选 E。
第三部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the winter vacation,I was involved in an image-processing project. My task
was to extract（提取）the shape of every cell from a(n)___21___ of microscope images.
It seemed quite straightforward at first,but it turned out to be ___22___.
Since I did not have any experience in image processing,I studied some basic
___23___on my own and started to use a very popular function library(函数库）called
OpenCV. As the time was ___24___,I just learnt to apply techniques without going into
the mathematical rationale(原理）。As a result,I didn't complete the task in an
efficient way and___25___lots of time.
Through this project,I got a good ___26___ of the importance of studying the basic
knowledge. I will probably ___27___to spend more time studying the theory before I
___28___another project. By learning their underlying mechanisms(机制），I will be
able to ___29___the tools to suit my own needs. In this way,1 may achieve___30___
results.
- 17 -
Another challenge I met was about the brightness setting. When I sketched(勾
勒）the ___31___ of the cell by the computer,I first set the brightness value to
50,___32___that the computer could delete the dark places and extract the shape of
the cell___33___. But it turned out that the standard didn't fit for every image.
So 1___34___the brightness value to 30,but that didn't ___35___ either. It was very
hard to find a value that worked for all ___36___
From this,I began to appreciate human eyes. Our eyes ___37___the amount of light
entering them automatically through a feedback system to achieve the best image
representation,but computers are not that ___38___. There is still so much that we
don't know about the human body.
In summary,I think it is good for students to be involved in real projects___39___
they can begin to learn about various fundamental ___40___and get themselves ready
for the future.
21. A. collection B. addiction C. measurement D.
accumulation
22. A. simple B. dangerous C. skeptical D.
challenging
23. A. items B. techniques C. concepts D. contents
24. A. limited B. previous C. permanent D. equal
25. A. saved B. postponed C. appreciated D. wasted
26. A. use B. sense C. knowledge D. belief
27. A. enjoy B. decline C. choose D. demand
28. A. turn down B. set about C. put forward D. make out
29. A. evaluate B. settle C. dispose D. handle
30. A. better B. quicker C. easier D. closer
31. A. character B. figure C. movement D. outline
32. A. declaring B. requiring C. hoping D.
recommending
33. A. automatically B. willingly C. deliberately D. rapidly
- 18 -
34. A. attached B. applied C. changed D. appealed
35. A. work B. solve C. achieve D. gain
36. A. results B. images C. places D. theories
37. A. absorb B. accept C. adjust D. delete
38. A. accessible B. ambitious C. fashionable D.
intelligent
39. A. when B. because C. although D. unless
40. A. conclusions B. functions C. systems D.
principles
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29.
D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D
39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者通过在寒假参与图像处理项目中遇到的两个挑战，
呼吁大学生都能积极的参与实践当中，掌握不同的理论知识为未来做准备。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的任务是从显微镜图像采集中提取细胞的形状。A.collection
收集；B. addiction 瘾；C. measurement 测量；D. accumulation 堆积物。结合前文提到我
参与了图像处理项目，可知此处表示“显微镜图像采集工作”。故选 A 项。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开始，这项工作似乎相当简单，但是事实证明，它非常具有挑
战性。A. simple 简单的；B. dangerous 危险的；C. skeptical 怀疑的；D. challenging 有
挑战性的。结合第二段“As a result, I didn't complete the task in an efficient way
and___5___lots of time.”可知这项工作是具有难度的，有挑战性。故选 D 项。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我没有任何图像处理的经验，所以我学习了一些基础的技能，
并且使用 OpenCV 这个非常流行的函数库。A. items 项目；B. techniques 技能；C. concepts
概念；D. contents 内容。结合下一句提到“I just learnt to apply techniques…”可知
我学习了一些基本技能。故选 B 项。
- 19 -
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于时间有限，我只学会了应用技能，而没有了解原理。A. limited
限制的；B. previous 先前的；C. permanent 永久的；D. equal 相同的。根据上文可知，我
只是在寒假参加了这个项目，因此时间受到限制。故选 A 项。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，我没有用有效的方法完成任务，浪费了许多时间。A. saved
节约；B. postponed 拖延；C. appreciated 欣赏；D. wasted 浪费。结合句意“I didn't complete
the task in an efficient way”可知浪费了很多时间。故选 D 项。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这个项目，我领悟到学习基础知识的重要性。A. use 用法；B.
sense 感觉；C. knowledge 知识；D. belief 信念。此处 get a sense of 译为“理解、领悟”。
故选 B 项。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很可能在开始下一个项目之前，选择花更多的时间去学习理论。
A. enjoy 喜欢；B. decline 下降；C. choose 选择；D. demand 要求。choose to do 译为“决
定要去做某事（但是还没有实现）”符合句意。故选 C 项。
【28 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很可能在开始下一个项目之前，选择花更多的时间去学习理论。
A. turn down 调低；B. set about 开始；C. put forward 向前；D. make out 辨认出。结合
句意可知，我要在参加下一个项目之前，就开始提高自己的理论知识学习。故选 B 项。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过研究它们的根本机制，我能够操纵这些器具来满足自己的需
要。A. evaluate 评估；B. settle 建立；C. dispose 布置；D. handle 操纵。结合上下文语
境，可知我在研究这项技术，目的是为了能够很好的操纵这些器具，来达到自己的需求。故
选 D 项。
【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这样的方法，我可能实现更好的结果。A. better 更好的；
B. quicker 更快的；C. easier 更简单的；D. closer 更近的。结合上文可知我研究理论的目
的，是为了能够在下一次的项目中得到更好的结果。故选 A 项。
【31 题详解】
- 20 -
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我用电脑勾勒细胞的轮廓时，我首先将亮度值提到 50…。A.
character 品质，特征；B. figure 数字；C. movement 运动；D. outline 轮廓。根据文章第
一段可知，我的任务是提取细胞的形状，即细胞的轮廓。故选 D 项。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我首先将亮度值提到 50，希望电脑能够消除黑影，自动提取细胞
形状。A. declaring 宣称；B. requiring 需求；C. hoping 希望；D. recommending 推荐。
结合文章上句可知，我调高亮度值的目的是希望自动得到细胞形状。故选 C 项。
【33 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我首先将亮度值提到 50，希望电脑能够消除黑影，自动提取细胞
形状。A. automatically 自动地；B. willingly 甘心情愿；C. deliberately 故意的；D. rapidly
快速的。结合语境可知，我认为屏幕变亮就会隐藏黑影，电脑就能自动显示出细胞形状。故
选 A 项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此我将亮度值变成 30，但是电脑也没有自动显示出细胞形状。A.
attached 把…固定在；B. applied 申请；C. changed 改变；D. appealed 呼吁。根据上文可
知，我开始时将亮度值设定为 50，后又改为 30。故选 C 项。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此我将亮度值变成 30，但是电脑也没有自动显示出细胞形状。A.
work 使…工作；B. solve 解决；C. achieve 实现；D. gain 获得。根据下文“It was very hard
to find a value that worked for all ___16___”可知很难找到适合所有影像的亮度值，
该句中 worked for 与 that didn't work 相呼应。故选 A 项。
【36 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很难找到适合所有影像的亮度值。A. results 结果；B. images
影像；C. places 地方；D. theories 理论。根据 But it turned out that the standard didn't
fit for every image.可知这里意思是很难找到适合所有影像的亮度值 。故选 B 项。
【37 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的眼睛通过反馈系统自动调节光，从而进入眼内来获取最佳
的图像展示,…。A. absorb 吸收；B. accept 接受；C. adjust 调节；D. delete 删除。结合
语境可知，我们的眼睛对光是带有自动调节作用。故选 C 项。
【38 题详解】
- 21 -
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的眼睛通过反馈系统自动调节光，从而进入眼内来获取最
佳的图像展示，但是电脑就没有那种能力。A. accessible 可接近地；B. ambitious 有野心
的；C. fashionable 流行的；D. intelligent 有才智的、有理解和学习能力的。该句是将电
脑与人眼进行比较，可知电脑没有人眼识别影像的能力。故选 D 项。
【39 题详解】
考查连词。句意：我认为学生参与到实际项目中来是好的，因为他们能够了解不同的基础原
理，能为他们将来做准备。A. when 当…时候；B. because 因为；C. although 尽管；D. unless
除非…不。结合语境，可是前后为因果关系，故使用 because 引导原因状语从句。A 项 when
引导时间状语从句；C 项 although 引导让步状语从句；D 项 unless 引导条件状语从句。故选
B 项。
【40 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为学生参与到实际项目中来是好的，因为他们能够了解不同
基础原理，为他们将来做准备。A. conclusions 结论；B. functions 功能；C. systems 体系；
D. principles 原理、规范。结合语境可知，我在参与项目得到的收获是掌握原理的重要性，
可知此处我建议大家在参与项目的同时，学习更多的理论。故选 D 项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会推敲最佳选项。同学们要遵循上
下求索的原则来查找信息。如第 3 小题询问我学会了基本的什么。该题根据下一句提到“I
just learnt to apply techniques…”可知我学习了一些基本技能。故选 B 项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm a Muslim. Once I was eating at a restaurant,where there was a father ___41___
（seat)next to my desk with his two girls. I ___42___（overhear)their conversation.
The girls were ___43___（constant)asking about everything and anything. And I was
fascinated by their ___44___（curious).
One of the girls looked at me and asked,"Daddy,why is she wearing that way?"Her
dad responded ___45___ something that made my heart so warm. He said,"There are
different religions,cultures and languages. We have to respect and learn about them.
"He then went on ___46___（share)his personal experience of living abroad and learning
to speak Spanish.
This reminded me of a Harvard study that I had read about. Children who ___47___
- 22 -
（expose)to racism tend to accept and embrace ___48___as young as age 3,and in just
a matter of days. Only at that time did I realize the importance of the way we teach
children about love,acceptance,understanding and respect. It should start from an
early age. The ___49___（early),the better. Kids imitate their parents' views and
behaviour. It is you ____50____are their role model.
【答案】41. seated
42. overheard
43. constantly
44. curiosity
45. with 46. to share
47. are exposed
48. it 49. earlier
50. that/who
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两个小女孩在餐厅里好奇地询问事情的故事。在餐厅的作者
那时才意识到我们教育孩子爱、接纳、理解和尊重的方式的重要性。
【41 题详解】
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：有一次我在一家餐馆吃饭，一位父亲和他的两个女儿坐在
我的桌旁。此处 seat 是及物动词，意思是“使……坐下”，和 father 之间是一种被动关系，
是过去分词作后置定语。故填 seated。
【42 题详解】
考查一般过去时态。句意：我无意中听到了他们的谈话。此处“听到了他们的谈话”是已经
过去的事情，句子应该用一般过去时态，故填 overheard。
【43 题详解】
考查副词。句意：姑娘们持续不断地问一切事情。此处 asking 是动词，由副词修饰，故填
constantly。
【44 题详解】
考查名词。介词 by 之后，用名词，此处 their 是形容词性的物主代词，修饰名词。故填
curiosity。
【45 题详解】
- 23 -
考查介词。句意：她爸爸的回应让我的心很温暖。介词 with“和……在一起，具有，用”，
此处指“用”一些事情回应。故填 with。
【46 题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他接着分享了他在国外生活和学习西班牙语的个人经历。固定搭配：
go on doing sth.“继续做同一件事”；go on to do sth.“继续做另一件事”。此处指继
续分享了“另一件事”。故填 to share。
【47 题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：接触过种族主义的孩子在 3 岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它，而且在
几天之内就会接受。固定搭配：be exposed to sth./doing sth.“曝光，暴露”。这里在说
一个客观事实，且句子主语是 Children，复数形式，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。
故填 are exposed。
【48 题详解】
考查代词 it 的用法。句意：接触过种族主义的孩子在 3 岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它，而
且在几天之内就会接受。此处用 it 指代前面的 racism。故填 it。
【49 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：越早越好。固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级“越……越……”。
故填 earlier。
【50 题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：你才是他们的榜样。把 It is 和该空去掉，这个句子结构完整，语义
清晰，所以判断出该句是强调句。强调句的基本结构是：it is/ was + 被强调部分+ that +
句子的其他成分。如果被强调的部分是人，也可以用 who 代替 that，此处强调主语“you”，
强调部分指人。故填 that/who。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有
10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
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2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
This morning when I got into the taxi I have booked,I noticed it was a same
gentleman that had
taken me back home last week. I still remembered that we'd talked about. He said he
thought somebody
would care,so he felt surprised and was happily to know I still remembered him. He
said he began to swim to lose weight,but he did it every morning before start work.
I told him that swimming was one of the greatest way to keep us healthy and it also
had positive effeets on our brains,too. He said he knew it was a good way avoiding
depression and that he would keep on doing it all the time.
【答案】1.have→had
2.a→the
3.that→what
4.somebody→nobody
5.happily→happy
6.but→and
7.start→starting
8.way→ways
9.去掉 also
10.way 后加 of
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者今天乘坐出租车时，碰巧遇到了上周拉自己回家的司机师
傅，作者与司机进行了一番关于游泳话题的交谈。
【详解】第一处：考查时态。分析句子可知，“我已经预定”发生在 got into the taxi 这
个动作之前，所以定语从句为过去完成时。故将 have 改成 had。
第二处：考查冠词。same 前的冠词为定冠词 the。故将 a 改成 the。
第三处：考查连接词。remembered 后接宾语从句,宾语从句中，talked about 缺少宾语，所
以用连接代词 what 充当其宾语。故将 that 改成 what。
第四处：考查代词。句意：他说他以为没人会记得他，所以他很惊讶，很高兴我还记得他。
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根据句意可知，表示“他以为没人会记得他”。故将 somebody 改成 nobody。
第五处：考查形容词。be happy to do sth“高兴做某事”。为固定句型。be 后接形容词作
表语。故将 happily 改成 happy。
第六处：考查连词。句意：他说他开始为了减肥而游泳，并且他每天早上上班前都会去游泳。
根据句意，前后句意为并列关系。故将 but 改成 and。
第七处：考查动名词。before 为介词，后接动名词。故将 start 改成 starting。
第八处：考查名词复数。one of 后接名词复数形式。故将 way 改成 ways。
第九处：考查副词。本句中已经有“too”，所以 also 重复了。故去掉 also。
第十处：考查介词。way of doing sth “做某事的方法”。故将 way 后加 of。
【点睛】what 常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what
在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.
二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语.
that 用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，
that 在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。
分析小题 3 可知，remembered 后接宾语从句,宾语从句中，talked about 缺少宾语，所以用
连接代词 what 充当其宾语。故将 that 改成 what。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
52.假设你的名字叫李华，正在伦敦某中学做交换生。校友 Chris 正筹划一场关于中国文化的
演出活动，但他在演出内容方面遇到了瓶颈，因此来信向你求助。请你给他写封回信，内容
包括：
1. 说明写信目的；
2. 提出建议；
3. 表示期待。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右，开头语和结尾语已为你写好；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Chris,
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I'm sorry to hear that you have had trouble with programme contents of the Chinese
culture show. Don't worry. I'm very pleased to give you some advice.
Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular around the world. So this is
a good opportunity for the students in our school to experience it. As for the content,
I recommend Chinese traditional culture like Beijing Opera and Chinese Shadow Show.
If necessary, I'd also like to help you with the preparations because I know several
Chinese exchange students here who are fond of Chinese traditional culture. I believe
their participation will make the culture show more attractive.
I hope my advice can be helpful and I' m looking forward to the Chinese culture
show.
Yours sincerely
Li Hua,
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信
息。第一，假设你的名字叫李华，正在伦敦某中学做交换生。校友 Chris 正筹划一场关于中
国文化的演出活动，但他在演出内容方面遇到了瓶颈，因此来信向你求助。请你给他写封回
信，内容包括：
1. 说明写信目的
2. 提出建议
3. 表示期待
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第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一
段，说明写信目的。第二段，提出建议。第三段，表示期待。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: opportunity ,recommend ,have trouble with，opportunity，
help sb with, be fond of.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子: because 引导的原因状语从句和 who 引导的定语从何 If
necessary, I'd also like to help you with the preparations because I know several
Chinese exchange students here who are fond of Chinese traditional culture. 省略
that 的宾语从句 I believe their participation will make the culture show more
attractive.
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:besides，however，in conclusion.
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句
式: because 引导的原因状语从句和 who 引导的定语从句 If necessary, I'd also like to help
you with the preparations because I know several Chinese exchange students here who
are fond of Chinese traditional culture. 省略 that 的宾语从句 I believe their
participation will make the culture show more attractive.高级句式的应用提升了写作
的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
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