【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之冠词学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之冠词学案

第三讲　“无提示词类”解题攻略 第1节　冠词 Step 典题感悟·高考名题这样考 考查角度1　不定冠词的使用 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ 改编)They live far from the school, and it takes them about ____________ hour and a half to go to work every day.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。后面的单词hour以元音音素开头。故用不定冠词an。此处也可用one表示“一个”。‎ ‎[答案]　an/one ‎2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ____________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。for a while意为“一会儿”，为固定短语。‎ ‎[答案]　a 考查角度2　定冠词的使用 ‎3．(2019·浙江卷)Everybody wears____________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。 same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与 the连用修饰名词。故填the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years 表示“在过去的25年里”。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____________ top of her lungs.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。at the top of“在……顶端”，at the top of one's lungs表示“大声地”。‎ ‎[答案]　the Step知识储备·抓重破难补短板 一、不定冠词的3种基本用法及固定搭配 ‎1．表示类指，或指某类中的任何一个。‎ ‎①(2019·石家庄高中毕业班模拟考试二)With ____________ history of about 2,700 years, some parts of the Great Wall are now in ruins or have disappeared.‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎2．表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某事时通常用不定冠词。‎ ‎②(2019·济南市5月高考针对性练习一)Yang has worked as ____________ craftsman for about 77 years, and has kept improving his carving skills with every piece of work.‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎3．表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。‎ ‎③(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)It's fitted with different technologies, such as ____________ alarm, a GPS tracker, and even a camera.‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎4．固定搭配中的不定冠词 at a time一次； in a hurry匆忙； all of a sudden＝suddenly突然； a large quantity of＝large quantities of许多； a great deal of许多； have a rest休息； pay a visit to参观。‎ ‎④(2019·合肥市高中调研性检测)There, a path seems to end, but all of ____________ sudden, a new world is rolled out before you: pavilions(亭子), rock formations and spring water—all combined to provide a pleasant surprise. ‎ ‎[答案]　a 二、定冠词常考的7种用法及固定搭配 ‎1．用在单数可数名词前，表示类指；或用在名词前，表示特指。‎ ‎⑤(2019·贵阳市高三适应性考试二)As most of the goods shown in the exposition were already wellknown, ____________ director of the exposition chose to arrange Han's products in a very ordinary small attic(阁楼)．‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎2．用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妻俩。‎ ‎⑥(2020·原创题)____________ Smiths are going to have a trip to Canada during the summer holiday.‎ ‎[答案]　The ‎3．在“动词＋人＋介词＋定冠词＋表示身体部位的名词”结构中，表示身体部位的名词前用定冠词，不用物主代词。‎ take/seize/catch sb. by the arm抓住某人的胳膊；hit sb. in the face打某人的脸；pat sb. on the shoulder拍某人的肩膀等。‎ ‎⑦(2019·江西八校一模)He tapped her on ____________ shoulder，“Hi! I have been looking for you for such a long time ！”‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎4．用于表示年代、朝代、世纪的名词前。如：the Qing Dynasty清朝；in the 1980s在20世纪80年代。‎ ‎⑧(2019·昆明市高三复习诊断测试)For example, in the House of Tudor of ____________ sixteenth century, King Henry Ⅷ liked to wear tight woolen trousers with pointed shoes.‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎5．用在序数词和形容词最高级前面；形容词only，very，same等修饰名词时前面用定冠词the。‎ ‎⑨(2019·太原市高三年级模拟试题三)John Dewey, an American psychologist, once said that gaining others' respect is ____________ deepest urge in human nature.‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎6．定冠词the和形容词连用、现在分词和过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。如：the rich有钱人；the wounded伤员；the living活着的人。‎ ‎⑩(2019·河北“五个一名校联盟”高三考试)Soldiers came to rescue those buried under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless.____________‎ ‎[答案]　for后加the ‎7．用在表示计量的名词前。如：by the hour，by the dozen等，但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词。如：by weight，by height等。‎ ‎⑪(2020·高考原创)We sell our cotton piece goods by the yard not by the weight.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉第二个the ‎8．固定搭配中的定冠词 用在固定短语中：at the age of在……岁时；at the same time同时；at the top of在……的顶部；at the moment此刻，那时；by the way顺便说一下；go to the doctor's看医生；make the most/best of充分利用；on (the) one hand一方面；on the other hand另一方面；on the contrary与此相反；on the whole总的说来，大体上；the other day前几天等。‎ ‎⑫(2019·福州市高中毕业班适应性练习)In ____________ future, he will apply the ancient characters to education and development of games and apps. ‎ ‎[答案]　the Step增分攻略·献计献策献妙招 ‎“秃子”名词常戴帽，单数复数认真瞧。‎ 泛指特指要追问，固定搭配须记牢。‎ ‎[操作技法1]　当看到名词前(有时名词前有修饰语)设空时，要考虑填冠词。先根据名词的意思以及在句中所起的作用，分清是泛指还是特指，最后确定是填a/an，还是填the。尤其要特别注意以下几种情况：(1)抽象名词的具体化，如a pleasure一件令人高兴的事；a comfort一个莫大的安慰。(2)在序数词和形容词最高级前面或由only，very，same等修饰的名词前面用定冠词the。如the very person正是那个人。(3)某些形容词前加定冠词the，表示某类人，如the old老年人，the rich富人等。‎ ‎[典例1]　(2019·重庆高三学业质量调研)There is a new recycling program at our school, which aims to help us create ____________ better environment.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。environment表示泛指时为抽象名词，不可数，但前面有形容词修饰时往往和不定冠词a/an连用 ‎[答案]　a ‎[典例2]　(2019·考前原创打靶卷)The park was ____________ huge success, so many people approached him and asked him to build a Magic Kingdom in other parts of the world, but Disney refused.‎ ‎[解析]　此处success为可数名词，表示“成功的事物”。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎[操作技法2]　牢记固定搭配。不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如a waste of浪费……；as a result of由于……；for a while一会儿。另外，一些具有动作意义的名词在与have，take，make等构成一种短暂性动作时，前面也要加不定冠词。如have a look看一看；have a try试一试；make an attempt尝试一下等。‎ 在一些固定短语中也常用定冠词。如on the whole总体上；in the end最后；one...the ‎ other...一个……另一个……；by the hour按小时；by the week按周等。‎ ‎[典例1]　(2019·福州市高三第一学期质量抽测)After about half ____________ hour of instruction, another reading test is given.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。half an hour 意为“半小时”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎[典例2]　(2019·惠州高三第一次调研考试)The story went that the Qianlong Emperor visited a mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at ____________ foot of the mountain.‎ ‎[解析]　考查冠词。他看见一些女士在山脚下采茶叶。此处at the foot of意为“在……(山)脚下”，为固定用法。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎1．根据泛指或特指选择冠词 如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。‎ ‎(1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”一般填the；‎ ‎(2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。‎ ‎2．根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词 英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语，记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题。‎ Step刷题训练·练稳练准练速度 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·河北衡水中学二调)The Made in China 2025 strategy promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as ____________ Internet, big data and cloud computing, Mina added.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：Mina补充道，“2025中国制造”策略促进了制造业和新技术的融合，例如互联网、大数据以及云计算。Internet与定冠词连用为冠词的习惯用法。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎2．(2019·内蒙古赤峰二中二次月考)It was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea－drinking into ____________ popular pastime.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：是喝下午茶的这项发明把喝茶变成了一项受欢迎的休闲活动。设空处后的名词pastime在本句中表示泛指，故填a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎3．(2019·甘肃张掖二中8月月考)Shared bikes could solve the “last mile” problem in ____________ environmentally friendly way.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：共享单车能够以环保的方式解决这个“最后一英里”的问题。设空处后的way在本句中表示泛指，故填不定冠词。environmentally以元音音素开头，故用an。‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎4．(2019·湖北黄冈9月质量检测)Confucius was ____________ extraordinary educator and ‎ philosopher, and founded Confucianism.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：孔子是一位杰出的教育家和思想家，同时他创立了儒家思想。设空处后的educator and philosopher表泛指概念且extraordinary以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎5．(2019·江西红色七校一联)____________ splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：一个灿烂的杭州正在等着2022年见到你。本句中的Hangzhou虽为专有名词，但其前有形容词修饰，表示该专有名词的某种属性或一时特色，故填不定冠词A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎6．(2019·河北唐山五校月考)As the saying goes，“All work and no play makes Jack ____________ dull boy.”‎ ‎[解析]　句意：俗话说：“整天用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。”设空处后的dull boy在本句中表泛指，故填不定冠词a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎7．(2019·四川雅安中学一次月考)When Rose was two, her grandpa started taking notes every time they spent time together. He kept ____________ habit until she was five, filling up three notebooks over the three years.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：当罗丝2岁时，每当他们在一起她爷爷开始记笔记。直到她5岁他一直保持这个习惯，3年来他写满了3个笔记本。根据上下文逻辑可知设空处后的habit表示特指，故设空处填定冠词the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎8．(2019·江西赣中南五校一模)____________ World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world's most popular matchmaker(媒人)．‎ ‎[解析]　句意：万维网迅速成了世界上最受欢迎的媒人。“World Wide Web”为含普通名词的专有名词，这类专有名词常与定冠词连用，故填The。‎ ‎[答案]　The ‎9．(2019·湖南八市重点高中质检)Now we know that they have ____________ same features that can also be found in sharks around Australia and the South Sea.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：现在我们知道它们有与在澳大利亚及南海周围鲨鱼的身上也能发现的相同的特征。the same为固定搭配，意为：相同的。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎10．(2019·江西五市八校高三联考)____________ water near the equator is less salty than that found in the mid－latitudes(中纬度) for abundant equatorial precipitation(赤道降水) throughout the year.‎ ‎[解析]　本空后面的不可数名词接了介词短语作定语表示特指，“赤道附近的水”，因此填The。‎ ‎[答案]　The ‎11．(2019·吉林重点中学高三联考)Obviously, the story is not true, but ____________ festival is interesting.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：显然这个故事不是真的，但是这个节日却很有趣。语境的“节日”‎ 与前面的the story保持一致，用定冠词表示特指。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎12．(2019·安康高三联考)In fact, I feel both of these statements are not true all ____________ time.‎ ‎[解析]　all the time表示“一直”。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎13．(2019·汉中质检改编)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ____________ thirteenth century.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：据说在13世纪，马可·波罗在去爪哇的路上经过了太平洋。表示“在……世纪”应用“in the＋序数词＋century”。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎14．(2019·济南高三质检改编)I know you don't like music very much. But what do you think of ____________ music in the film we saw yesterday?‎ ‎[解析]　句意：我知道你不喜欢音乐，但你觉得我们昨天看的电影中的音乐如何呢？第一个music前无任何冠词，泛指音乐，但后一个music特指“电影中的音乐”，要用定冠词the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎15．(2019·重庆一中模拟改编)Nowadays ____________ idea is always flashing across his mind that he should fix ____________ time for another trip with his family.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：现在，再与家人安排一次旅游的想法一直闪现在他脑海里。第一空后的idea后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表示特指，故用the；第二空表示泛指，故用a。‎ ‎[答案]　the; a Ⅱ.语篇语法填空 ‎(2019·甘肃靖远一中月考)In Chinese culture, each year is related to 1.______________ Chinese animal according to the 12year cycle. 2018 is an Earth Dog Year. People born during the year of dog 2.____________(believe) to take after some of the animal's characteristics, such as loyalty, patience, and reliability.‎ Zodiac(黄道) theory also relates to Chinese elemental theory, 3.____________associates the 12 animals with one of five elements ：metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The five elements 4.____________ (combine) with the 12 zodiac signs produce a 60year cycle. Zodiac animals have both fixed and nonfixed elements attached 5.____________ them. For example, the dog (as well as the dragon, ox, and goat) is always associated with the earth element. 6.______________ the year of 2018 is considered an earth year according to the Chinese solar calendar, those born in 2018 are considered earth dogs, which carry characteristics like being communicative and responsible at work. Though dogs are 7.______________(general) associated with earth, those born during the metal dog year are believed to be conservative and 8.____________(caution) in nature. As dogs are not good at communication, it is difficult for them to convey their 9.____________(think) to others. Therefore, dogs tend to leave others with the impression that they have a stubborn 10.____________(personal) , but they are indeed loyal to their families and friends.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述中国十二属相年，介绍了狗年以及狗年出生的人的性格特点。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查冠词。animal是可数名词，句意：每一年与一种中国的动物有联系，故用单数。故填a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎2．[解析]　考查动词的时态和语态。文章用一般现在时讲述，且believe是谓语动词，与主语people是被动关系。故填are believed。‎ ‎[答案]　are believed ‎3．[解析]　考查定语从句。“3.____________ associates the 12 animals with one of five elements ：metal, wood, water, fire, and earth”是定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句用which。故填which。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎4．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。combine作定语，修饰The five elements，combine与elements是被动关系，用过去分词作定语表示被动关系。故填combined。‎ ‎[答案]　combined ‎5．[解析]　考查介词。attach to“依附；联系”是固定短语。故填to。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎6．[解析]　考查连词。句意：因为根据中国的阳历2018年被认为是土年 ，因此出生在2018年的人被认为是土狗。根据上下的关系，此处是原因状语从句，且置句首单词首字母大写。故填Since/As/Because。‎ ‎[答案]　Since/As/Because ‎7．[解析]　考查副词。修饰动词associated用副词作状语。故填generally。‎ ‎[答案]　generally ‎8．[解析]　考查形容词。and连接并列成分，与be动词构成系表结构，作表语用形容词，结合conservative也可以得出，caution是名词，其形容词形式是cautious。‎ ‎[答案]　cautious ‎9．[解析]　考查名词。形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。think是动词，其名词形式为thoughts或thinking。故填thoughts/thinking。‎ ‎[答案]　thoughts/thinking ‎10．[解析]　考查名词。形容词stubborn修饰名词，personal是形容词，其名词形式是personality。故填personality。‎ ‎[答案]　personality 专题强化训练(八)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A ‎(2019·兰州一中月考)Silk was not the only product to be transported along the Silk Road, 1.____________ other goods such as tea, medicinal herbs also being exported from China. Many merchants found instant wealth through the trade in luxury items.‎ Rather than traveling the entire length of the Silk Road, each merchant traded goods along one section of the route, 2.____________(buy) them in one town and then selling in another. The travelers and merchants also 3.____________(carry) many ideas, philosophies and religions with them along the Silk Road. Of all these, Buddhism, 4.____________ came from India, had the greatest influence on Chinese culture. It 5.____________(eventual) became China's primary faith, 6.____________(widespread) than the original Chinese religions of Confucianism and Taoism.‎ Silk Road trades traveled together in long caravans of camels. This mode of travel provided 7.____________(protect) from robbers who might attempt 8.____________(rob) the valuable goods being transported.The Silk Road was not only one single road, but 9.____________ whole collection of routes by which goods 10.____________(transport) between the East and the West.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古代丝绸之路的货物运输情况，以及它对中国文化的影响。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查with复合结构。句意：丝绸并不是唯一在丝绸之路上被运输的商品，还有其他的货物如茶叶、中药也被从中国出口出去。句中介词with的后面接宾语other goods such as tea, medicinal herbs，宾语补足语also being exported from China对其进行补充说明。表示伴随，所以要填with。‎ ‎[答案]　with ‎2．[解析]　考查分词作状语。句意：每个商人都沿着一条路线进行贸易，从一个城镇买货物到另外一个城镇卖。句中动词buy them与主语each merchant构成主动关系，要用现在分词作状语，所以要填buying。‎ ‎[答案]　buying ‎3．[解析]　考查时态。句意：游客和商人们也带来很多观念、哲理和宗教。本文主要介绍古代丝绸之路贸易，全文都以一般过去时为主，本句要用过去时。所以要填carried。‎ ‎[答案]　carried ‎4．[解析]　考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Buddhism，关系代词which指代先行词Buddhism，引导非限制性定语从句，并在句中作主语。所以要填which。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎5．[解析]　考查副词。在英语里副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；而形容词主要作定语、表语来修饰名词、代词。句中使用副词修饰谓语动词，所以要填副词eventually。‎ ‎[答案]　eventually ‎6．[解析]　考查比较级。句意：佛教最终成为了中国主要的信仰，要比中国最初的儒家和道家思想传播得更宽广。句中than说明应该使用比较级形式，把佛教传播和儒家道家传播进行比较，所以要填more widespread。‎ ‎[答案]　more widespread ‎7．[解析]　考查名词。句意：丝绸之路贸易通过很长的驼队进行，这种模式保护贸易不受到劫匪的抢夺。动词provide意为“提供”，后面要填名词作它的宾语，所以要填protection。‎ ‎[答案]　protection ‎8．[解析]　考查动词搭配。句意：丝绸之路贸易通过很长的驼队进行，这种模式保护贸易不受到劫匪的抢夺。动词短语attempt to do sth.意为“企图做某事”，不定式作动词attempt的宾语，所以要填to rob。‎ ‎[答案]　to rob ‎9．[解析]　考查不定冠词。句意：丝绸之路不是一条单个的路线，而是所有路线的集合，通过这些路线货物在东西方之间被运输。不定冠词a表示泛指，修饰名词collection。所以要填a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎10．[解析]　考查时态语态。句意：丝绸之路不是一条单个的路线，而是所有路线的集合，通过这些路线货物在东西方之间被运输。本文主要介绍古代丝绸之路贸易，全文都以一般过去时为主，本句要用过去时。本句主语goods与动词transport构成被动关系，要用被动语态。所以要填一般过去时的被动语态were transported。‎ ‎[答案]　were transported B ‎(2019·广西六市联合调研考试 )Joe's plane landed on time at Heathrow Airport. He had 1.______________(exact) one hour to get out of the airport and go across the centre of the airport and the centre of London to catch his train to Manchester. He hurried through the airport, and then raced 2.______________ the taxi sign.‎ Unfortunately, at that moment, his luggage broke and dirty socks, shirts and underwear were all over the airport floor. Joe was so 3.______________(embarrass) that he quickly put everything back into his luggage. 4.______________(push) his way through the crowds of people, he finally made it to the taxi rank. He jumped into the nearest taxi, shouting，“Euston Station, quickly, please！”The taxi set off at such 5.______________ high speed that Joe 6.______________(throw) backward, hitting his head against the glass .The taxi sped on and finally arrived in the city centre, and also the middle of a traffic jam! 7.____________ would be quicker to walk there, Joe offered 8.____________(pay) the driver, got out of the taxi, and ran along the pavement and past all the shop 9.______________(window). At last, he could see the station opposite.‎ He 10.______________(reach) the station just as his train was leaving. He got on the train with seconds to spare. He sighed with relief—he would be home in time for Christmas.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了乔刚刚下飞机，经历了一番周折，最终赶上了去曼彻斯特的火车的故事。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查副词。句意：他有整整一个小时的时间走出机场，穿过机场中心和伦敦市中心赶去曼彻斯特的火车。exactly为副词修饰动词had。故填exactly。‎ ‎[答案]　exactly ‎2．[解析]　考查介词。句意：他匆匆穿过机场，然后跑向出租车标志牌。race to/toward(s)“朝……跑去”。故填 to/toward(s)。‎ ‎[答案]　to/toward(s)‎ ‎3．[解析]　考查形容词。句意：乔感到很尴尬，他很快把所有的东西都放回了行李箱。分析句子可知，本句涉及“主语＋谓语＋so＋adj./adv.＋that从句”的用法。其中主语为Joe，所以形容词为embarrassed。而embarrassing“令人尴尬的”通常修饰物。故填 ‎ embarrassed。‎ ‎[答案]　embarrassed ‎4．[解析]　考查现在分词。句意：他挤过人群，终于到了出租车站点。分析句子可知，he 与push在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词Pushing。故填Pushing。‎ ‎[答案]　Pushing ‎5．[解析]　考查冠词。句意：出租车的速度很快，以至于乔一会儿后倾，一会儿头撞玻璃。分析句子可知，本句涉及“such＋a(n)＋形容词＋单数名词＋that从句”的用法，且high的首字母发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎6．[解析]　考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：出租车的速度很快，以至于乔的身体一会儿后倾，一会儿头撞玻璃。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主语Joe与throw为被动关系，故填was thrown。‎ ‎[答案]　was thrown ‎7．[解析]　考查it作形式主语。句意：走到那儿会快一些，乔主动提出付钱给司机，下了出租车，沿着人行道跑过去，经过所有的商店橱窗。本句涉及“it is＋形容词＋to do sth.”的用法，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填It。‎ ‎[答案]　It ‎8．[解析]　考查动词不定式。句意：走到那儿会快一些，乔主动提出付钱给司机，下了出租车，沿着人行道跑过去，经过所有的商店橱窗。offer to do sth.“主动提供做某事”为固定短语。故填to pay。‎ ‎[答案]　to pay ‎9．[解析]　考查名词复数。句意：走到那儿会快一些，乔主动提出付钱给司机，下了出租车，沿着人行道跑过去，经过所有的商店橱窗。window为可数名词且有all修饰，所以用window的复数windows。故填 windows。‎ ‎[答案]　windows ‎10．[解析]　考查一般过去时。句意：火车正要开时，他到达了车站。分析句子可知，as引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般过去时。故填 reached。‎ ‎[答案]　reached Ⅱ.短文改错 A ‎(2019·佛山市第一中学段考)As we all know, travelling can be an excited experience. Let me give you some advices that you have to pay attention. You can find out more about your destination by surf the Internet before you set out. You needn't take too many cash. Though it can be very convenient to pay in cash, using cheques are much more trustworthy. In addition, it will be wise of you to take a umbrella in case of it should rain. And if you are to travel abroad, you'd better understand the cultural diversity. Keep this in mind that being polite in foreign countries can help you had a wonderful trip.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ As we all know, travelling can be an experience. Let me give you some ‎ that you have to pay attention . You can find out more about your destination by the Internet before you set out. You needn't take too cash. Though it can be very convenient to pay in cash, using cheques much more trustworthy. In addition, it will be wise of you to take umbrella in case it should rain. And if you are to travel abroad, you'd better understand the cultural diversity. Keep in mind that being polite in foreign countries can help you a wonderful trip.‎ B ‎(2019·贵州省都匀市第一中学月考)Some theme parks are not only amusing but also educational. Take the PCC in Hawaii as example. The PCC is setting in 42 acres of beautiful countryside where visitors can see seven different traditional Polynesian island village. Villagers from many island communities come to show visitors its styles of dress and different customs. You can learn how they make clothes from bark(树皮) and what they climb very tall trees with their bare feet. They also tell you about their social customs and showing you their cooking methods and their dances. Their most important skill is boatbuilding, that allows the islanders to explore all the islands around. We know that their history they were sea travellers moved from island to island. Now they use those boatbuilding skills to make long boats and show the races and battles that they took part in them long ago.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Some theme parks are not only amusing but also educational. Take the PCC in Hawaii example. The PCC is in 42 acres of beautiful countryside where visitors can see seven different traditional Polynesian island . Villagers from many island communities come to show visitors styles of dress and different customs. You can learn how they make clothes from bark(树皮) and they climb very tall trees with their bare feet. They also tell you about their social customs and you their cooking methods and their dances. Their most important skill is boatbuilding, allows the islanders to explore all the islands around. We know that their history they were sea travellers / from island to island. Now they use those boatbuilding skills to make long boats and show the races and battles that they took part in long ago.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·河北保定期中考试)Professional photographer John Cannici, 35, and his wife Nikki ‎ Cannici, 34, of Massachusetts are parents to not just one, but two sets of adorable twins.‎ On Feb. 5, John of West on Jade Photography, decided to turn the camera on his own family—and the results are beyond precious.“The reaction to our photo was completely unexpected, and we are amazed to see it shared across the world，”John tells People.“We think it is the complete joy and connection you see between kids in the photo that made it _go_viral,_”he continues.“Whatever it is, it is great to see our photo shared days that shows nothing but love.”‎ John and Nikki, who have been married for over 10 years, welcome twins Nico and Siena via IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) using two embryos in 2014. And they were surprised when they learned Nikki was pregnant with twins again last year as just one embryo had been transferred during the second IVF attempt, John says. Identical sisters Gia and Gemma were born on Jan. 26.‎ While the first photo shows the older twins holding hands and all smiles, John couldn't help himself in sharing a second shot of the twins. He also shared a gorgeous shot of wife Nikki while she was pregnant.“She is beautiful，”says John.‎ The proud father says he hopes his photo will shine a positive light on nanism(侏儒症) families.“There is nothing more important out of any this exposure than serving as a positive example for the nanism community，”John says.“I feel it is important for us to show our struggles, to show what we've fought for so many year for, and to now show our accomplishment.”‎ 语篇解读：本文为人物传记。马萨诸塞州的职业摄影师约翰·坎尼奇和他34岁的妻子尼基·坎尼奇通过试管婴儿已育有一对可爱的双胞胎，如今第二次试管受精生育了另一对可爱的双胞胎，他把他们的照片分享后，很快在全世界得到传播，他的目的就是为那些侏儒症家庭树立一个积极的榜样。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined part“go viral”in Paragraph 2 mean most probably?‎ A．Move easily. B．Look attractive.‎ C．Spread quickly. D．Sound interesting.‎ ‎[解析]　猜测词义题。根据第二段中“‘The reaction to our photo was completely unexpected, and we are amazed to see it shared across the world，’John tells People.‘We think it is the complete joy and connection you see between kids in the photo that made it go_viral’，”可知，他们上传的照片很快在全世界被分享。分析可知C项(Spread quickly)意为“迅速传播”，故C项符合题意。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎2．John shared the photo of his children with the intention of ________.‎ A．sharing his happiness with nanism people B．setting a good example to nanism families C．showing his lovely children to nanism community D．autumn colors bring great destruction to the leaves ‎[解析]　推理判断题。第五段中的“The proud father says he hopes his photo will shine a positive light on nanism(侏儒症) families.‘There is nothing more important out of any this exposure than serving as a positive example for the nanism community’，”句意：约翰希望他的照片能对侏儒症家庭产生积极的影响。“什么也比不上这次作为一个积极的例子曝光更重要的事情了”‎ ‎，由此可推断出他的目的就是给那些侏儒症家庭树立一个好的榜样。分析选项可知B项符合题意。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎3．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．The photo of the first twins isn't popular.‎ B．The names of the first twins are Gia and Gemma.‎ C．John and Nikki have known each other for ten years.‎ D．John and Nikki have experienced lots of difficulties.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I feel it is important for us to show our struggles, to show what we've fought for so many year for, and to now show our accomplishment.”可知为了生宝宝他们努力了多年，即经历了很多的困难。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎4．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．Double the fun B．Two lovely twins C．One happy couple D．Acknowledge nanism ‎[解析]　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，马萨诸塞州的职业摄影师约翰·坎尼奇和他34岁的妻子尼基·坎尼奇通过试管婴儿已成功育有一对可爱的双胞胎，接着又生育了一对可爱的双胞胎。可见是双喜临门，分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A Ⅳ.七选五阅读填空 ‎(2019·张家口市期末考试)‎ How to Have a Birthday Party Birthdays come and go with each passing year, so how do you have a party that will always be memorable? A little planning and inspiration can get you started.‎ Pick a suitable theme. ____1____ Then choose a theme that suits them perfectly. You can go“all out”and make every aspect of the party themerelated, or you can try a lighter touch by including just a little themerelated decoration or food.‎ Plan ahead. Get your guest list made and your invitations out at least 2 weeks before the party. ____2____‎ Plan your music. Make sure you have a way to play your tunes — whether that be just a set of speakers with a phone or music player, or a whole DJ setup.‎ ‎3____ Make sure you have a range of fast, slow, soft, and quiet songs on hand to fit the mood (情绪) at different times of the event and get your guests feeling celebratory.‎ Keep guests entertained. Provide lots of opportunities for social mingling (particularly for grownups)，as well as“free play”for kids. But to really keep the celebration going, games always seem to be the hit of the party! ____4____‎ Depending on your number of guests and their ages, you can even have several games running throughout the event. Balance your levels of activity so that there's plenty going on throughout the party.‎ ‎5____ With kids' parties especially, it is almost a certainty that things will not go exactly ‎ according to plan. Be prepared by having extra games and activities, extra goody bags, and a rain plan ready.‎ A．Plan extra activities.‎ B．Expect the unexpected!‎ C．Background music really helps set the atmosphere.‎ D．Just remember, finger foods are best, particularly for young guests.‎ E．This way, you'll know your group size and decide on the best place.‎ F．Consider the age, gender, interests and hobbies of the guest of honor!‎ G．There are great websites where you can find activities that tie into a particular theme.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章作者介绍了如何举办一个让人永远难忘的派对。‎ ‎1．[解析]　这一段标题Pick a suitable theme.(选择一个合适的主题。)下文Then choose a theme that suits them perfectly.(选择一个非常适合他们的主题。)故选F。‎ ‎[答案]　F ‎2．[解析]　上文Get your guest list made and your invitations out at least 2 weeks before the party.至少在聚会前两周准备好宾客名单和邀请函。该空承接上文，E选项“这样，你就会知道你的团队规模，并决定最好的地方。”切题，故选E。‎ ‎[答案]　E ‎3．[解析]　下文Make sure you have a range of fast, slow, soft, and quiet songs on hand to fit the mood (情绪) at different times of the event and get your guests feeling celebratory.确保你手头有一系列快、慢、柔和、安静的歌曲，以适应不同时间的气氛，让你的客人感到庆祝氛围。该空引出下文，C选项“背景音乐确实有助于营造气氛。”切题，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎4．[解析]　上文But to really keep the celebration going, games always seem to be the hit of the party！但是为了让庆祝活动继续下去，游戏似乎总是派对的重头戏！该空承接上文，G选项“你可以在一些很棒的网站上找到与特定主题相关的活动。”切题，故选G。‎ ‎[答案]　G ‎5．[解析]　这一段的意思是：尤其是孩子们的聚会，几乎可以肯定事情不会完全按照计划进行。准备好额外的游戏和活动，准备好额外的糖果袋，准备好下雨的计划。所以这一段的标题是“接受意料之外的事情”，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B