中学教材全解八年级英语下

中学教材全解八年级英语下

Module 1 Hobbies 内容详解 ‎1. Which hobby do you think takes up the least spacc?‎ 你认为哪种爱好占用最少的空间？‎ ‎（1）do you think在此用作插入语，意为“你认为，你觉得”。‎ When do you think they will arrive here?‎ 你觉得他们会在什么时候到达这里？‎ How many books do you think there are in the box? 你认为箱子里有多少本书？‎ 注意 do you think后的句子要用陈述语序。‎ ‎（2）take up 占据 take up既可指时间上的“占据”，也可指空间上的“占据”。‎ The job takes up all my time. 这项工作占用了我所有的时间。‎ The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占空间。‎ 注意 take up是一个由动词加副词构成的短语动词，当它的宾语是代词时，必须放在两者之间。‎ ‎[联想]‎ take off 起飞；脱下 take out 拿出 take away 拿走 take back 归还 take down 取下 take photos 拍照 take part in 参加 ‎2. Sorry it's a bit untidy. 抱歉，这儿有点乱。‎ a bit意为“有点儿；稍微”，该短语在句中作程度状语，用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或介词短语。a bit还可修饰比较级。‎ I was a bit ill. 我有点不舒服。‎ He is a bit older than I.‎ 他比我大一点。‎ 辨析：a hit与a little 相同之处：（1）两者都可以用作名词词组，意为“一点；少许”，在句中作主语或宾语 ；（2）两者都可以用作副词词组，用来修饰形容词、副词（原级或比较级）或动词。‎ 不同之处：（1）作定语时，a little直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit后面需要加of；（2）如果两者的前面加上not, 则其意义完全不同。not a bit＝not at all，通常用作状语；not a little＝very，可用作状语或定语。‎ 一言辨异 Our English teacher often says that she is not a bit tired but in fact she is not a little tired.‎ 我们的英语老师经常说她一点儿也不累，其实她非常累。‎ ‎3. I'll tidy up the table and chairs. 我来收拾一下桌椅。‎ tidy up收拾，整理！‎ tidy up是由动词tidy和副词up构成的动词短语。它的宾语如果是名词，既坷以放在tidy和up之间，又可放在tidy up之后；如果它的宾语是代词，则必须放在tidy和up中间。‎ Lingling, please help tidy up the dinner table.‎ ‎= Lingling, please help tidy the dinner table up. 玲玲，请帮忙收拾一下饭桌。‎ There are so many books on the desk. I'll tidy them up. 课桌上有这么多书，我将整理一下。‎ 拓展 tidy还可用作形容词，意为“整洁的”，可以在句子中作定语或表语。‎ tidy的反义词是untidy，意为“不整洁的”。‎ You have a tidy / untidy bedroom.你们有一间整洁的/不整吉的卧室。‎ Their sitting room is very tidy/untidy. 他们的客厅非常整洁/不整洁。‎ ‎4. You've got a wonderful collection. 你的收藏太棒了。‎ ‎（1）have / has got是口语中常用的一个词组，意为“有”，相当于have或has。‎ I have got a new pen pal from the United States. 我有一位来自美国的新笔友。‎ He has got a lovely dog. 他有一只可爱的小狗。‎ 温馨提示 ‎（1）have / has got与have / has尽管含义相同，但从时态上看，前者是现在完成时，后者是 一般现在时，故构成疑问句和否定句时应注意区别对待。‎ Have you got a new radio? Do you have a new radio? 你有一台新收音机吗？‎ ‎（2）collection是名词，意为“收集；收藏品”。collector也是一个名词，意为“收藏家；收藏者”。collect是动词，意为“收集”。‎ She made a collection of coins. 她收集硬币。‎ He wants to be a great collector. 他想成为一名伟大的收藏家。‎ 拓展 ‎① v.+ -ion构成的名词 act +-ion—action 行动 invent+-ion—invention 发明 direct +-ion—direction 方向 impress +-ion—impression 印象 express+-ion—expression 表达 discuss+-ion—discussion 讨论 ‎②collect 或 have a collection of 用来表示“收集……”。‎ 有类似用法的词还有rest和look等。‎ Rest / have a rest 休息 look / have a look at... 看……‎ ‎5. I play the violin and I listen to music all the time. 我一直拉小提琴和听音乐。‎ all the time意为“总是，一直”，在句中作时间状语。‎ The little girl was laughing all the time. 那个小女孩一直笑个不停。‎ ‎[联想]‎ on time 准吋 in time 及时 at times 有时 from time to time 不时.‎ ‎6. What made you so interested in music? 是什么让你对音乐如此感兴趣？‎ ‎（1）make + sb. + adj. 使某人……，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。‎ Her words made me very happy. 她的话让我很开心。‎ ‎（2）(be) interested in 对……感兴趣 Be / get / become interested in的主语往往是人，常常表示“某人对某事产生兴趣”。in在这里是一个介词，后面可以跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。‎ Almost all the children are interested in storybooks. 几乎所有的孩子都对故事书感兴趣。‎ I became interested in making things last year.‎ 去年我对制作东西产生了兴趣。‎ 辨析：interested与interesting Interested 为表语形容词，只作表语，不作定语，表示人的状态。‎ Interesting 既可作表语也可作定语，修饰名词或代词，表示事物的特征或性质。‎ 一言辨异 The students in Class Two are all interested in this interesting story. ‎ 二班的学生都对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。‎ ‎7. I often listened to him play the violin. 我过去经常听他拉小提琴。‎ ‎（1）listen to，see，hear，watch等感官动词后可以接省to的动词不定式，作宾语补足语，表示经常性的动作或全过程，还可跟v. -ing形式。‎ 用法歌诀 一感（feel) ‎ 二听（hear, listen to) ‎ 三让 (make, let，have) ‎ 四看（look at，see，watch, notice)‎ I hear a girl sing English songs in the next door every morning. ‎ 我每天早晨听到一个女孩在隔壁唱英文歌。‎ ‎（2）play后接西洋乐器名词时，名词前加定冠词the；后接球类名词时，名词前不加任何冠词。‎ The little girl is playing the piano. 这个小女孩正在弹钢琴。‎ He likes playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球。‎ 中考链接 She learned to play ______ piano all by herself.‎ A. a B. an C. the D. /‎ 解析：当play后接西洋乐器时要加定冠词the。play the piano意为“弹钢琴”‎ 答案：C ‎8. And he gave me my first violin eight years ago. 八年前，他送给我第一把小提琴。‎ give sb. sth. 相当于give sth. to sb.. 意思为“给某人某物”。当sth.是代词的宾格时，只能用give sth. to sb… 类似give能接双宾语的动词还有：pass，lend，Show等。‎ I gave the boy a book. ( = 1 gave a book to the boy.) 我给了那个男孩一本书。‎ ‎9. There's a concert at Radio Beijing. 北京电台有一场音乐会。‎ 这是there be结构，它表示“在某地方（或某事）存在什么人或物”，指客观存在。动词be与后面相邻的名词在数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。‎ There be结构与实义动词have不同，前者表“存在”，后者表“所有”。‎ There is an apple tree in the garden. 花园里有一棵苹果树。‎ There are some apple trees in the garden.花园里有一些苹果树。‎ They have some apple trees in the garden. 他们在花园里有一些苹果树。‎ ‎10. I'm going to school with you! 我要和你们一起去上学啊！‎ 本句是用现在进行时态表示将来，表示根据安排将要做某事，人作主语宜用现在时态。‎ I'm not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。‎ 温馨提示 现在进行时表示将来，主要用于go，come，leave，start等表示去向的短暂性动词。‎ I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。‎ ‎11. What's happening on Friday? 周五有什么事吗？‎ happen意为“发生”。本句中虽然用现在进行时，却表示将来的动作。这种用法常用来表示一些早已安排好，一般不会改变的即将发生的事情。‎ My father is leaving for Beijing. 我父亲要去北京。‎ 辨析：happen与take place ‎（1）happen指具体的情况的发生，特别指那些偶然事件。‎ An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一场事故。‎ ‎（2）take place常指一些按计划、安排发生的事情。‎ Great changes have taken place in these years. 这几年发生了巨大的变化。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. Many students have hobbies, such as reading, painting, growing vegetables in their gardens, and looking after animals.‎ 很多学生都有爱好，比如阅读、绘画、在他们的花园里种菜和照顾动物。‎ ‎（1）such as“像，例如”，相当于口语中的like。‎ We all like ball games, such as basketball and football. 我们都喜欢球类运动，例如篮球和足球。‎ 辨析：such as与for example Such as  用于列举前面概述过的同类事物，不需要用逗号与其他成分隔开，只能位于名词或名词性词组前面 For example 用于举例说明，一般用逗号与其他成分隔开。位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末。‎ Jim has many good friends here，such as Liu Kai and Zhang Jun.‎ Jim has many good friends here, Liu Kai and Zhang Jun, for example. ‎ 吉姆在这里有许多好朋友，比如刘凯和张军。‎ ‎（2）look after意为“照管，照料，关心”。‎ I must look after my old grandma.我必须照顾我年老的奶奶。‎ 拓展 ‎① look after的同义词组是take care of。‎ They take care of their babies. 他们悉心照料他们的孩子。‎ ‎② look after的另一同义词组是care for。‎ He spent years caring for his sick mother. 数年中他一直在照顾他生病的母亲。‎ ‎2. Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills.‎ 爱好可以使你们成长，培养你们的兴趣，并帮助你们学习新的技能。‎ ‎（1）make在这里是一个使役动词，意为“使”，结构为“make+宾语+省略to的不定式（宾补）”。但如果用在被动语态中，则要加上to。‎ Don't make me do this or that . 不要让我做这做那的。‎ I was made to do this or that. 我被迫使去做这做那。‎ 拓展 ‎① make+宾语+形容词 My dog's death made me sad. 我的狗的死使我伤心。‎ ‎② make +宾语+名词（表职位、头衔等的词）‎ We all made her our monitor. 我们都推选她当班长。‎ 中考链接 ‎— Have you seen the funny movie Let the Bullet（子弹）Fly?‎ ‎— yes, it made me ______ many times.‎ A. laugh B. cry C. sleep D. sing 解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。laugh“大笑”；cry“哭”；sleep“睡觉”；sing“唱歌”。句意为：“你看过那部搞笑的电影《让子弹飞》吗？”“是的，它使我大笑了许多次。”故选 A。‎ 答案：A ‎（2）develop是动词，意为“发展”。developing是形容词，意为“发展中的” ；developed也是形容词，意为“发达的”。‎ China‎ is a developing country, but Japan is a developed one.‎ 中国是一个发展中国家，但日本是一个发达国家。‎ ‎3. During the summer of 2000, he spent four weeks on a summer camp. ‎ 在2000年夏天，他参加了一个为期四周的夏令营。‎ spend意为“花费（钱/时间）”，主语一般是人，其结构是sb. spend (s) money / time on sth.或 sb. spend（s）money / time (in) doing Sth.‎ He spends two hours on English every morning.‎ ‎=He spends two hours in learning English every morning.‎ 每天早晨他用两个小时的时间学习英语。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）表示“某人花费多少时间做某事”还可用动词take，其结构为：It takes sb. some time to do sth.‎ It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school every day. ‎ 我每天用20分钟步行去上学。‎ It will take us more than a year to build the tall building. ‎ 我们将用一年多的时间来建造这座高楼。‎ ‎（2）表示“花费”的句型汇总：‎ ‎①人+spend(s) +时间/金钱+ 1.（in）doing sth. 2. on sth.‎ ‎②It + takes+人+时间+to do sth.‎ ‎③人+pay(s)+金钱+ for sth.‎ ‎④物+cost(s)+人+金钱 ‎[译]她花了 10元钱买这本书。‎ She spent ten yuan on/buying the book. ‎ She paid ten yuan for the book. ‎ The book cost her ten yuan.‎ 中考链接 I ______ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.‎ A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay 解析：本题考查动词辨析。spend, cost, take和pay都可以表示“花费”。spend和pay用人作主语；cost用物作主语；take常用it作形式主语。本句的主语是I，故排除B、C两项； spend的常用搭配为：spend... on/(in) doing sth. ； pay常用于pay for结构中。由句中的playing可知本句考查“spend... (in) doing sth.”这一结构。故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎4. As well as the usual activities, such as sailing, climbing and mountain biking...‎ 除了普通的活动，如帆船、攀登和骑山地自行车外……‎ as well as在此用作介词短语，意为“除了 ”，相当于besides或in addition to。‎ As well as visiting Beijing, we spent a day in Tianjin. 除了游览北京以外，我们还在天津度过了 一天。‎ 拓展 as well as意为“并且，还”，用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。‎ She is clever as well as beautiful.她既美丽又聪明。‎ They sell hooks as well as newspapers.他们既卖报纸也卖书。‎ He as well as his parents goes to Hong Kong every year.他和父母每年去香港。‎ ‎5. She asked us to imagine that we were in a story. 她让我们想象我们身处故事之中。‎ ‎（1）ask sb. to do sth. 表示“让某人做某事”。‎ Tom often asks me to go shopping with him. 汤姆经常让我和他一起去购物。‎ Please ask the boys not to play football here. 请让那些男孩子不要在此踢足球。‎ ‎（2）imagine意为“想象，其后常跟名同、动名词。也可以接从句作宾语，但不能用在进行时中。‎ I can't imagine what he looks like. 我想象不出他长什么样。‎ I didn't imagine becoming a writer. 我并未想过要成为一名作家。‎ ‎6. In senior high school David wrote a story about teenage life, and it came out as a book in 2003.‎ 在高中时，大卫写了一个关于青少年生活的故事，并于2003年成书出版。‎ come out 出版 Her book won't come out until next year.她的书要到明年才能出版。‎ 拓展 come out还有“开花，发芽，出现”之意。‎ The flowers came out yesterday. 那些花儿昨天开了。‎ The moon came out from the clouds. 月亮从云里出来了。‎ ‎7. Many teenagers love his book, and as a result, David has become a successful young writer.‎ 很多青少年都喜欢他的书，大卫也因此成为一名成功的年轻作家。‎ ‎（1）as a result意为“结果，因此”。‎ She didn't study hard, and as a result, she failed the exam.‎ 她没有努力学习，结果考试没有及格 辨析：as a result与so as a result “结果，因此”，一般放在句首，后面加逗号。‎ So “因此”，既可放在句首，也可放在句中，两种情况so后面都不加逗号 The traffic was heavy. As a result, I was late. 交通很拥挤，结果我迟到了。‎ I got up late, so I missed the early bus.我起床晚了，所以错过了早班公共汽车。‎ ‎（2）become的用法 用作连系动词，其后接名词或形容词。‎ He became a teacher at the age of 17. 他17岁就当了老师。‎ The weather became warmer. 天气变得暖和起来。‎ 注意 become是终止性动词，它不能与表示一段时间的单词或短语连用；become也不可与不定式连用。‎ ‎8. David has been very lucky because his hobby has brought him enjoyment and success, but he is also interested in many other things.‎ 大卫一直很幸运，因为他的爱好给他带来了快乐和成功，但他对很多其他事情也感兴趣。‎ ‎（1）这是一个含有because引导的原因状语从句的复合句。because表示“因为”，作连词，用于引导表示原因的状语从句。‎ Your parents will do everything for you because they love you.‎ 你的父母愿意为你做一切事情，因为他们爱你。‎ ‎（2）enjoyment n.快乐，享受 The guests drank the grape wine with enjoyment. 客人们愉快地品尝了葡萄酒。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎① enjoy v. 喜欢。后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。‎ My father enjoys running. 我父亲喜欢跑步。‎ ‎② enjoyable adj. 高兴的，令人愉快的。在句中作定语或表语。‎ ‎（3）success n；成功，胜利 I wish you success with your studies. 祝你学业有成。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎1. successful adj.成功的 2. successfully adv.成功地 3. succeed v.成功 ‎9. It's sometimes difficult to remember that we shouldn't spend all our time on our favourit hobby.‎ 有时候，我们很难记住我们不该把所有的时间都用在最喜欢的爱好上。‎ ‎（1）这是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句。it是形式主语，动词不定式短语to remember...是真正的主语。这个句型结构为“It is+ adj. ( + for/of sb.)+to do sth.”意为“（对某人来说)做某事是……”。‎ ‎（2）It is very easy to ride a bike. 骑自行车很容易。‎ It’s better to stay at home. 最好待在家里。‎ It s very important to learn English well.‎ ‎＝ To learn English well is very important. 学好英语很重要。‎ ‎（2）sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”，表示动作发生的频率。‎ He sometimes comes to see me. 他有时来看我。‎ 辨析：sometimes, some times, sometime与some time ‎① sometimes有时 ‎② some times数次 ‎③ sometime某时 ‎④ some time 一段时间 I have been there some times. 我已经去过那里数次了。‎ We'll have a party sometime next month.下个月的某个时间我们要举行一次聚会。‎ He waited for you for some time. 他等了你一些时候了。‎ ‎（3）句中remember后面跟的是一个由that引导的宾语从句，说明remember的内容。It is important to remember that if you do it, do it well.‎ 重要的是要记住：做一件事，就要把它做好。‎ ‎（4）句中should用作情态动词，指应该，表示说话人的建议或者意愿。‎ You should say sorry to me. 你应该向我道歉。‎ ‎10. There are many other interesting things to do in life, and we should try to do something new or different.‎ 生活中有很多其他有趣的事情可做，我们应该尝试做些新的或不同的事情。‎ ‎（1）try to do sth. 尽力做某事，试图做某事 The boy tried to draw a horse. 那个男孩尽力画了一匹马。‎ 拓展 ‎① try doing sth. 意为“尝试做某事”。‎ Why not try doing the experiment in another way? ‎ 为什么不试着用另一种方法做这个实验呢？‎ ‎② try one's best to do sth.竭尽全力做某事 I must try my best to learn English well. 我必须竭尽全力学好英语。‎ ‎（2）something new 意为“一些新的东西”，形容词修饰 something，anything，nothing， everything，somewhere，anywhere等复合不定代词或不定副词时，须放在这些词的后面。‎ Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热东西吗？‎ 中考链接 A foreign visitor is coming to visit our new house this evening. My mother will offer him ______ to eat.‎ A. anything delicious B. something real Chinese C. something Japanese food D. delicious something 解析：本题考查不定代词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词需后置，故排除D项；anything用于疑问句或否定句中，故排除A项；选项C中Japanese food是名词短语，不修饰不定代词；故something real Chinese（正宗的中国菜）符合题意。‎ 答案：B 第3单元 内容详解 I. John enjoys making things. 约翰喜欢制作东西。‎ enjoy v. 喜欢 ‎（1）enjoy sth.喜欢某物 I enjoy that storybook. 我喜欢那本故事书。‎ ‎（2）enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 They enjoy playing football. 他们喜欢踢足球。‎ ‎（3）enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快，相当于have fun, have a good time。‎ My students enjoy themselves every day. 我的学生每天都过得很愉快。‎ 注意 enjoy后跟非谓语动词时只能跟v.- ing形式，不能跟动词不定式。‎ ‎2. Jane is good at singing as well as dancing. 简既撞长跳舞也撞长唱歌。‎ be good at意为“擅长……；精通……”，其同义词组为do well in。‎ She is good at skating. =She does well in skating.她擠长滑冰。‎ 辨析：be good for，be good at与be good to Be good for 意为“对……有益，对……有用”，后接表示人或事物的名词、代词或动名词。‎ Be good at 意为“擅长……，精通……”，后面也可接表示人或事物的名词、代词或动名词。‎ Be good to 意为“对……好”‎ Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们的健康有好处。‎ He is good at swimming. 他擅长游泳。‎ He is good to the old man. 他对那位老人很好。‎ ‎3. I buy the magazines when they come out each month. 每月当杂志出版的时候我就买。‎ 辨析: each与every ‎（1）every和each都可与单数可数名词连用，且意义相近，意为“每个的”，但every强调整体概念，each则表示个体概念。‎ Each day is better than the one before. 一天比一天好。‎ Every player was in the best state. 每个运动员都处于最佳状态。‎ ‎（2）如果不特别强调某一意义时，every和each可以互换。‎ We want every child to succeed. 们希望每个孩子都成功。‎ Each child will find his own road to success. 每个孩子都会找到他自己的成功之路。‎ ‎（3）each可以指两个或两个以上的人或物，every却不能指两个，只能指三个及三个以上的数量。‎ There are big trees on each side of the road. 在路的两边都有大树。‎ ‎（4）另外，如有其他限定词同时修饰中心词时，each可作代词取代each of的形式，而every则只能作限定词，不与of连用。‎ Each（of）my parents gave me presents for Christmas. 过圣诞节时我父母都给我送了礼物。‎ ‎4. ... to live in the way that people lived long ago .......体验古代生活。‎ 本句含有一个that引导的定语从句。that引导的定语从句修饰the way, live in the way that...表示“以……的方式生活”。‎ She is trying to live in the way that her favourite star lives. ‎ 她试图以她般热爱的明星的生活方式生活。‎ We cannot live in the way that the ancient people did.‎ 我们无法以古人的生活方式生活。‎ 中考链接 The thing ______ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.‎ A. that B. who C. why D. whose 解析：先行词the thing是物，故可用that或which引导。‎ 答案：A ‎5. Groups of people find out about the past. 成群的人聚在一起，搜寻过去的情况。‎ find out 查明（真相）‎ 辨析：find out 与 find Find out 意为“查明（真相〉，弄清（缘由）”，强调费时、经过周折调查到最后得到认证的一种结果。其后一般跟名词、代词或从句 Find 是及物动词，表示“找到，发现”之意，其后可跟名词、代词、复合结构或that从句。 与look for接近，但强调寻找的结果 Have you found out why he was late? 你弄清他为什么迟到了吗？‎ Have you found your book? 你找到你的书了吗？‎ ‎6. They dress in the clothes people wore in the past and then...‎ 他们穿上人们过去穿的衣服……‎ dress v.穿 dress后面不能直接跟表示“衣服”的词作宾语，dress的常见搭配有：get dressed in +颜色，dress sb. /oneself，dress up 等。‎ All the children got dressed in red that day.那天，所有的孩子都穿着红衣服。‎ The girl is too young to dress herself. 这个女孩太小了，不会自己穿衣服。‎ You needn't dress up, come as you are. 你不必刻意打扮，穿着平时的衣服来就行了。‎ 辨析：dress, put on，wear 与（be）in Dress 指穿衣的动作，后面可接宾语，也可不接宾语。如果接宾语，则宾语必须是人，不是衣服。‎ Put on 指穿衣的动作，宾语必须是服装 Wear 指穿衣的状态，也可指戴着（手套、手表、眼镜、戒指、首饰等），或是穿着（鞋、袜等），后面要接宾语，宾语通常是物 ‎（be）in 穿着，指状态，宾语既可以是衣服、帽子，又可以是颜色 中考链接 Mary is used to______ a T-shirt and jeans.‎ A. wear B. put on C. wearing D. putting on 解析：本题考查近义词用法辨析。wear表示穿的状态；put on表示穿的动作。由句意“玛丽习惯于穿T恤衫和牛仔裤”可排除B、D两项；又因be used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”为固定短语，故选C项。‎ 答案：C Module 2 Friendship 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. Is that Chen Huan speaking? 你是陈欢吗？‎ 这是一句打电活的常用语。在不确定或询问对方是哪位吋，‎ 正：Is that…（speaking） 回答时用：正：This is…（speaking）‎ 误：Are you…？ 误：I’m…‎ ‎ [联想]‎ 常用打电话用语：‎ Who's that, please? 请问您是哪位？‎ May I speak to…please? 请问可以找……接电话吗？‎ ‎2. Hold the line, please. 请不要挂机。‎ hold the line是打电话时的常用语，意为“等一下；别挂断”，相当于hold on或wait a momen. Hold the line. Mr Li is coming. 别挂断，李先生来了。‎ 拓展 hold是动词，意为“拿，举，持；拥有；举办”。其过去式和过去分词均为held。‎ She's holding a book in her hand. 她手中拿着一本书。‎ We'll hold a sports meeting next week. 下周我们将举行运动会。‎ ‎3. Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived? 你知道萨莉•麦克斯威尔到了没有？‎ ‎（1）句中if是连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，可用whether替换。‎ I don't know if they will visit your school. 我不知道他们是否会参观你们学校。‎ He asked if we were from England. 他问我们是否来自英格兰。‎ 注意 If / whether引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，且时态要与主句的时态一致。‎ ‎[链接]‎ if作连词时，还有“如果”的意思，引导条件状语从句。‎ If it rains tomorrow, we'll stay at home and watch TV. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里看电视。‎ 注意 在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句应用一般现在时表将来。‎ 中考链接 I want to know ______ he will be the volunteer in the 2011 Universiade （世界大学生运动会）in Shenzhen.‎ A. where B. who C. if D. which 解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。由句意“我想知道他是否将在深圳2011年世界大学生运动会上做志愿者。”知选C。‎ 答案：C ‎（2）arrive v. 到达，后面可以直接加副词，也可以加in（后接大地方）或at（后接小地方）。 ‎ We arrived home early.我们很早就到家了。‎ They arrived at the station at two o'clock and arrived in Beijing eight hours later.‎ 他们两点钟到达车站，八小时后到达了北京。‎ 辨析：arrive, reach与get ‎① arrive后直接加副词，或加介词再接名词。‎ ‎② reach是及物动词，后面直接加名词或副词。‎ When I reached the station, the train had left. 当我到达车站时，火车早已离开了。‎ ‎③ get较口语化，其后直接加副词或加to再接名词。‎ What time did they get there / to Beijing yesterday? 昨天他们几点到的那里/北京？‎ ‎4. I asked your secretary whether she could come or not. 我问过你的秘书她是否能来。‎ whether... or not意为“是否”，whether引导宾语从句。‎ She wanted to know whether we were ready or not. 她想知道我们是否准备好了。‎ if和whether都可引导宾语从句，且多数情况下可互换使用，但以下情况只能使用whether而不能使用if：‎ ‎（1）与or not直接连用 I wonder whether or not the room is big enough. 我想知道这个房间是否足够大。‎ ‎（2）在不定式前 We don't know whether to leave right now. 我们不知道是否马上离开。‎ ‎（3）作介词的宾语 Mary worried about whether she could pass the test. 玛丽担心她能否考试过关。‎ ‎（4）作discuss或decide等动词的宾语 They are discussing whether they should help the animals. ‎ 他们正在讨论他们是否应帮助那些动物。‎ ‎5. Yes, our last public concert will be here on Starsearch in a couple of months. ‎ 是的，我们最后一场公众音乐会几个月以后将在这里《明星大搜寻》节目中上演。‎ 这是一个含有will的一般将来时态的简单句。a couple of含义为“一对，一双”，此处则表示“一些，几个”。‎ I'll just have a couple of oranges. 我就吃几个橘子吧。‎ 辨析：a pair of 与 a couple of a pair of 表示成对的东西，可以是鞋、袜子、裤子、剪子等 a couple of 表示任何两件同类的东西，但不一定是成对使用的 I bought a pair of cotton gloves yesterday. 昨天我买了一副棉手套。‎ I found a couple of socks in my bedroom but they didn’t make a pair. ‎ 我在我的卧室里找到了两只袜子，但配不成对。‎ ‎6. ... but I have some close friends here. ……但是我在这里有一些很好的朋友。‎ close在此用作形容词，意为“亲近的；亲密的”。‎ Mike is my close friend. 迈克是我的亲密朋友。读音为/klaus/。‎ 注意 close作动词时，意为“关闭”，读音为/klauz/。‎ When do the shops close in the afternoon? 这些商店下午什么时候停止营业？‎ ‎7. I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries. ‎ 我知道外国人都发现中国与他们自己的国家很不一样。‎ ‎（1）（be）different from 不同于……‎ My bike is different from yours. 我的自行车与你的不同。‎ Living in the country is different from living in the city. 住在乡下和住在城市不同。‎ ‎（2）own的用法：‎ ‎1. adj, 自己的 I saw it with my own eyes. 这是我亲眼所见的。‎ ‎2. pron.自己 May I have it for my own? 我可以把它当成我自己的吗？‎ ‎3. 拥有 He owns the house.他拥有这座房子。‎ ‎8. What does it feel like? （你）感觉如何？‎ feel like在此意为“觉得”，feel是连系动词，like是介词。‎ I feel like a fool at that time. 那时我觉得自己像一个傻瓜。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）feel like感觉起来像；摸起来像 The warm weather feels like spring. 这暖和的天气感觉就像春天。‎ ‎（2）feel like doing sth. 希望 / 想做某事 We feel like walking after supper. 晚饭后我们想去散步。‎ ‎9. My visit here is all about making friends. 我来这里就是交朋友的。‎ make friends意为“交朋友’。表示“与某人交朋友”用make friends with sb。注意 ‎，其中的friend必须用复数形式friends。 ‎ It’s easy to make friends at school. 在学校里交朋友容易。‎ I want to make friends with American boys. 我想同美国男孩交朋友。‎ ‎10. By the way, why don't you bring all your friends for a visit to Radio Beijing?‎ 顺便问一下，为什么不把你们的朋友都带到北京电台来做客呢？‎ ‎（1）by the way意为“顺便说；顺便问”，常用于口语中作插入语，以引起新的话题或内容。‎ By the way, is there a bank nearby? 顺便问一下，附近有银行吗?‎ ‎（2）“Why don't you…？”“是一个否定的特殊疑问句，用于提出建议，这个句子也可以用“Why not +动词原形？”来表达同样的意思。‎ Why don't you talk about names? ＝Why not talk about names? 你为什么不谈论一下名字呢？ 拓展 What / How about…？也表示建议，可与上述句型进行转换。不过后面若跟动词，必须用v. -ing形式。‎ Why don't you go to ask the teacher? = What about going to ask the tcacher?‎ 你为什么不去问老师呢？‎ 中考链接 ‎“For your coming vacation，why ______ coming to Guiyang?”“Good idea!”‎ A. not consider B. don't consider C. to consider 解析：Why not + 动词原形？= Why don’ t+主语+动词原形？意为“为什么不……呢？”，用来提建议。‎ 答案：A 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. When I was 13 years old, a boy gave me an important gift.‎ 在我13岁的时候，一个男孩儿给了我一份十分重要的礼物。‎ gift n.礼物 辨析: girt与present Girt是稍正式的说法，指特别郑重其事地赠送给个人、团体或组织的礼物.除可表示实物外，还可表示金钱。‎ Present 是一般性用语，不如gift庄重，指赠送给朋友或他人价值不高的小礼品，只能指实物，不可指金钱。‎ The gift that he gave me was a sweet smile. 他送给我的礼物是一个甜甜的微笑。‎ I got a present from one of my old classmates yesterday. ‎ 昨天，我的一个老同学送给了我一份礼物。‎ ‎2. I was very lonely, and afraid to make friends with anyone.‎ 我感到很孤独，不敢与任何人交朋友。‎ ‎（1）lonely adj. 孤独的 辨析：lonely与alone Lonely 形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，具有感情色彩，强调心灵上的寂寞与孤独，只能作表语；作定语修饰地点名词时，意为“偏僻的，荒凉的”‎ Alone 用作形容词，意为“单独的，独自的”，只能作表语；也可用作副词，意为“独自地”‎ 一言辨异 I didn't feel lonely though I was alone. 我虽孤身一人，但并不感到寂寞。‎ ‎（2）he afraid to do... 表示“害怕做……”，特指“因害怕而不敢做某事”。‎ I'm afraid to go skating alone. 我不敢独自一人去滑冰。‎ Jane is afraid to go out after dark. 简不敢在天黑后出门。‎ ‎（3）be afraid that… 恐怕……（这种说法比较委婉）‎ I m afraid that I can’t go with you tomorrow.‎ 恐怕我明天不能和你一起去了。‎ 辨析：be afraid to do sth. 与 be afraid of doing sth.‎ be afraid to do sth. 意为“不敢做某事”‎ be afraid of doing sth. 意为“担心（害怕）”出现某种后果而不敢做某事 一言辩异 Mr Black was afraid to climb the tree，for he was afraid of falling down from it. 布莱克先生不敢爬树，因为他怕从树上掉下来。‎ Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break.‎ 每次当我听到其他同学又说又笑时，我就感到我的心都碎了。‎ 这是一个含有every time引导的时间状语从句的复合句。‎ ‎（1）every time在本句中引导一个时间状语从句，意思是“每次……”。every time也可换成 each time。‎ Every / Each time I go to see him，he is always learning English. 我每次去看他，他总在学英语。‎ ‎（2）hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事 I heard him singing. 我听见他正在唱歌。‎ 辨析：hear sb. do sth.与hear sb. doing sth.‎ ‎1. hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事，强调整个事件、行为的全过程。‎ ‎2. hear sb. doing sth.强调动作正在进行。‎ ‎（3）feel sb. /sth. do sth. 表示“感觉到某人做过某事（某事发生过）”。‎ I felt a worm climb up my leg. 我感到有虫子在我腿上爬。‎ ‎4. ….and 1 didn't want my parents to worry about me.......我不想让父母为我担心。‎ worry about 意为“担心”。‎ They all worried about the bad weather. 他们都为坏天气而担心。‎ 拓展 be worried about意为“为……担心”，worried是形容词，意为“担忧的，焦虑的”。‎ The woman seems worried about something. 那位妇女好像在担心什么事情。‎ ‎5. He passed me and then turned back. 他从我旁边走过，然后转过身来。‎ Pass v. 通过，经过 He passed me by and didn't notice me. 他从我身边经过，没有注意到我。‎ 拓展 pass还可意为“传递”。常用句型：pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. “传递给某人某物”。‎ Please pass the pen to me. = Please pass me the pen.请把钢笔递给我。‎ ‎6. Suddenly，I felt the touch of something bright and friendly.‎ 突然，我感到一种明朗而又友好的东西在触动我。‎ touch在句中作名词，意为“触摸，碰”。‎ The sudden touch of my hand on his shoulder made him cry.‎ 我的手突然触及他的肩膀使他叫喊起来。‎ 拓展 touch也可用作动词，意为“触摸，碰”。‎ Don't touch the screen. 不要触摸屏幕。‎ ‎7. It made me feel happy. lively and warm. 它让我感到幸福、有活力而且温暖。‎ feel是连系动词，后跟形容词作表语。‎ ‎1 felt lonely living in a house on the mountain myself.‎ 一个人住在山上的房子里时，我感到孤独。‎ He felt very sad when he heard about the car accident.‎ 当他听说发生了车祸时，他感到非常伤心。‎ Can you imagine how happy we felt when we knew you would come? ‎ 你们能想象当我们获悉你们要来时的欣喜之情吗？‎ 中考链接 This silk dress ______ so smooth. It's made in China.‎ A. feels B. smells C. sounds D. tastes 解析：本题考查连系动词辨析。feel“摸起来”；smell"闻起来”；sound“听起来”；taste“尝起来”。由句意“这条丝裙摸起来很光滑。它是中国产的”知选A项。‎ 答案:A ‎8. …but he couldn't remember smiling at me！...但他却不记得对我笑过！‎ 辨析：remember doing sth.与 remember to do sth.‎ remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（事情还未做）‎ I remember closing all the windows. 我记得关上了所有的窗户。‎ Remember to post the letter .记着把这封信寄出去。‎ ‎[联想]‎ remember的反义词forget也有此用法。‎ forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 ‎9. Now 1 believe that the world is what you think it is. ‎ 现在我相信世界就是你认为的那个样子。‎ ‎（1）本句是含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句。That the world is what you think it is 是一个宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语。在宾语从句中要用陈述语序，而what you think it is是一个表语从句，意思是“你想象的那个样子”。‎ ‎（2）believe v；认为；相信 I believe that he is right. 我认为他是对的。‎ I don't believe a word he says. 他说的话我一句也不信。‎ 注意 I / We believe后接表示否定意义的宾语从句时，须将否定前移。‎ I don't believe that he can come. 我认为他不能来。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 I. Do you know if Sally Maxwell is here yet? 你知道萨莉·麦克斯威尔是否在这儿了吗？‎ 这是一个含有if引导的宾语从句的复合句。yet为副词，用在疑问句和否定句中，可置于句首、句中或句末。yet用在疑问句中，意为“到目前（或到当时）为止，至今，巳经”；用于否定句中，表示不熟悉或不确定，通常位于句末或紧跟在not后面，意为“尚未，未曾”。‎ The sun has not risen yet. 太阳还没有升起。‎ Have you finished your homework? 你完成作业了吗？‎ ‎— Not yet. 还没有。‎ yet表示“已经”时用于疑问句中，肯定句中要用already；在否定句中表示“还（没有）”只能用yet,不能用already或still; yet用于肯定句中与比较级连用，用来加强语气，意为 “还，仍然，依然”。‎ You must work yet harder. 你必须更加努力工作。‎ ‎2. My classmates and I would like to interview some students. 我和我的同学想采访一些学生。‎ would like 想，想要 在英语口语中，would like是一个经常用的结构，它表示“想，想要”，用来农示主语的意愿。‎ ‎（1）would like后可跟名词、代词，would like没有人称和数的变化。‎ I’d like some noodles. My younger brother would like some rice. ‎ 我想要些面条。我弟弟想要些米饭。‎ ‎（2）would like后跟动词时，应在该动词前加上to，构成动词不定式。‎ We would like to order some chicken and cabbage.我们想要点一些鸡肉和卷心菜。‎ 注意 would like后要加to do sth.‎ ‎（3）would like—般表示主语当时的意愿，如果要表示主语一贯的兴趣或喜好则应用like。‎ Jack likes swimming. But now he'd like to play tennis.‎ 杰克喜欢游泳，但现在他想去打网球。‎ ‎（4）在would like结构中，would是一个情态动词，故它的疑问和否定形式都需变化 would，即将would移到主语前构成疑问句式，在would后加上not构成否定。 ‎ Would you like to drink a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗？‎ ‎① 由would like所构成的一般疑问句往往表示征求对方的意见，在句中表示“一些”时应用some（thing），不可用 any（thing）。‎ Would you like some bread for supper? 你晚餐想吃些面包吗？‎ Would you like something to drink? What about some orange juice? ‎ 你想来点儿喝的吗？来点儿橘子汁怎么样？‎ ‎② 对Would you like...? 疑问句的回答方式：like后为名词或代词时一般用Yes，please. /No，thanks.等回答；like后如果是动词不定式表示想要去则用Yes，I’ d like/love to.来回答，to代替问句中的动词不定式，不可省略；如果不想，则先说 “I’d love to. ”，再用but加不去的理由。‎ ‎— Would you like carrot and beef noodles? 你想要胡萝卜牛肉面吗？‎ ‎— Yes, please. / No, thanks. 好的，请给我来点。/ 不，谢谢。‎ ‎—Would you like to go with us? 你想和我们一起去吗？‎ ‎— I’ d love to. But 1 have to wash my clothes. 我想去，但我得洗衣服 中考链接 一Would you like to play basketball with us this afternoon?‎ ‎— ______. I have to study for tomorrow's test. ‎ A. I'd love to B. I'm afraid not C. Sounds good D. No problem 解析：本题考查情景交际。问句句意为“今天下午你愿意和我们一起打篮球吗？”由答语后句“我必须准备明天的考试”可知此处为否定回答。故B项“恐怕不能”为正确答语。‎ 答案：B ‎3. I was a bit lonely at first, but people here are friendly, so I am never alone any more!‎ 起先我有点儿孤独，但是这儿的人很友好，所以我就不再孤单了！‎ 这是一个由but连接的并列句，其中后面的并列句中又含有一个由so引导的结果状语从句。‎ ‎（1）at first意为“首先，开始”，该短语多用于句首或句末，表达初始的时间。First在此短语中为副词，故前面不用the修饰。‎ 辨析：at first与first at first “开始，开头”之意，暗示与后来的事情或动作不同。与at the beginning同义 first 一般表示按顺序的开始，相当于first of all（首先）或for the first time（初次）‎ At first, I couldn't work out the problem. 起初，我没能解出那道题。‎ First we had breakfast, then we walked to school. 我们先吃了早饭，然后步行去学校 ‎（2）never是频度副词，意为“从来没有，绝不”，表示频率为零。never—般位于实义动词之前，连系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。‎ He never eats junk food. 他从来不吃垃圾食品。‎ John is never late for school. 约翰上学从来不迟到。‎ 中考链接 I can ______ be a nurse. I'm not a very patient person.‎ A. seldom B. ever C. never D. always 解析：本题考查副词的用法。seldom很少；ever曾经；never从来不；always —直，总是。 题意“我绝对当不了护士，我不是一个非常有耐心的人”知选C。‎ 答案:C ‎4. Some people write to find out about life in another country... ‎ 一些人写信来了解其他国家的生活情况……‎ find out表示“查明，弄清”，指经过调査分析而得出结论。‎ I found out she did not tell the truth. 我发现她没说实话。‎ Please find out where she lives.请查明她住在什么地方。‎ 注意 find out指主观有意识的动作，多指查出抽象的事因、复杂的真相等；而find多指偶然发现、碰到。‎ 图解助记 Find 找到（表结果）‎ Find out 查明（表结果）‎ Look for （表动作）‎ Module 3 On the radio 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. Remember to look out for the red light! 记得要注意红色信号灯！‎ look out（for）意思是“当心，注意”，相当于 pay attention to。‎ Look out! There is a car coming. 当心！一辆小汽车开过来了。‎ Look out for spelling mistakes when you check your homework. 检查作业时要注意拼写错误。‎ 温馨提示 look out还可表示“向外看”。‎ She stopped writing and looked out of the window. 她停止了写作，然后向窗外看了看。‎ ‎[图解助记]各种“小心”‎ Look out!‎ Watch out!‎ Watch out!‎ Be careful!‎ ‎“都是小心！”的意思 ‎2. Don't mention it. 不用客气。‎ 用以答复别人道谢或客气时的用语。‎ ‎— Thank you for your kind help when I was ill. 感谢你在我生病时的热心帮助。‎ ‎— Don't mention it. 不用客气。‎ 温馨提示 用以回答“Thank you. / Thanks. ”的句子还有：Not at all. /You're welcome. /That's all right. /It's my pleasure.‎ 拓展 mention动词，意为“提及”，后接名词、代词或动名词以及从句作宾语。常用结构有：mention sb. sth.或 mention sth. to sb.意为“向某人提及某事”，not to mention 更不用说。‎ ‎3. I enjoy showing visitors around. 我喜欢领着参观者到处转一转。‎ ‎（1）enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事，享受做某事”。常见的后接动词-ing形式的单词或词组还有：mind, finish，practise, avoid, suggest, can，t help, feel like, be worth ‎ ‎（2）show sb. around 领某人参观 I’d like to take / show you around our city. 我很乐意带你参观我们的城市。‎ This is our new office—Wang Lin will show you around. ‎ 这是我们的新办公室——王琳会带你参观一下。‎ ‎[联想]‎ take sb. around与show sb. around意思相同，表示“带领某人参观”。‎ His parents took him around Europe.他的父母带他游遍欧洲。‎ ‎4. We collect the latest news and write the reports here. 我们在这里收集最新消息并撰写报道。‎ report有名词和动词两种词性，在本句中它用作名词。report用作名词时，意为“报告；报道”，还可与介词of或on连用；用作动词时，意为“报告；报道；记叙”。‎ Are these newspaper reports true? 报纸上这些报道属实吗？‎ Who reported the news? 谁报道的新闻？‎ 拓展 reporter是名词，意为“记者；通讯员”。‎ His elder sister is a famous reporter. 他姐姐是位有名的记者。‎ ‎5. On Radio Beijing everyone needs to speak English well. ‎ 在北京电台，每个人都要讲一口流利的英语。‎ need to do sth. 需要做某事 I don't think you need to worry. 我认为你不必发愁。‎ 拓展 need doing sth.需要做某事，常用主动形式表示被动的含义。in need处于困难中 The TV needs mending again. = The TV needs to be mended again. ‎ 这台电视机需要再修理一下。‎ We should help the people in need. 我们应当帮助处于困难中的人们 ‎6. So keep studying, and maybe one day you can join us. ‎ 所以坚持学习，也许有一天你能加入到我们的行列中来。‎ keep的用法 ‎（1）keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事”，表示不间断地持续做某事。‎ You shouldn't keep thinking about it. 你不该老想着这件事。‎ Keep passing the ball to each other, and you'll be OK. 坚持互相传球，你们就行。‎ ‎（2）keep on doing sth. 意为“反复做某事”。‎ The student kept on asking me the same question. 那个学生反复问我同一个问题。‎ ‎（3）keep… from doing sth. 意为“阻止/防止……做某事”。‎ In order to keep the children from swimming in the sea，he keeps them staying at home all day.‎ 为了不让孩子们去海里游泳，他让他们整天待在家里。‎ ‎7. And this is where we prepare the weather reports. 这里是我们准备天气预报的地方。‎ prepare既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时，意为“准备，把……准备好”；用作不及物动词时，其后常接for sth.或to do sth..表示目的。‎ Mother is preparing dinner. 母亲正在做饭。‎ They are preparing for the coming exam. 他们在为即将举行的考试做准备。‎ ‎[联想]‎ get ready for sth.与prepare for sth. 意思相同，表示“为某事做准备”，强调动作。‎ be ready for sth.与be prepared for sth.意思相同，表示“准备好某事”，强调状态。‎ ‎8. We won the match！我们赢了比赛！‎ 辨析：win与beat Win用法较广泛，指在比赛、战斗等中获胜，也可指在比赛等中获得奖品。其宾语一般是比赛或奖品、奖金 We won more than 60 gold medals. 我们获得了60多枚金牌。‎ Beat表示“赢，打败”，指在比赛或竞争中战胜某人。其宾语一般是竞争对手 She beat me at chess. 她下国际象棋蠃了我。‎ 可简单记作“打败（beat)对手，赢得（win）比赛”。‎ ‎9. I hate losing! 我讨厌输球！‎ hate作动词时，它的含义和用法有许多：‎ ‎（1）hate+名词，意为“憎恨，不喜欢”。‎ The little girl hates snakes.这个小女孩不喜欢蛇。‎ ‎（2）hate +to do sth. / doing sth. 意为“不愿意做某事”。‎ Why do you hate travelling by air? 你为什么不愿意乘飞机旅行？ ‎ ‎（3）hate+宾语从句 She hates what I hate. 我不喜欢的，她也不喜欢。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. “How old are you? ”the radio studio manager at WXBN looked down at me. ‎ ‎“你多大了？"WXBN电台播音室的经理低下头看着我问。‎ look down意为“向下看”，其反义词组为look up，意为“抬头看，向上看”。‎ The girl was very shy. She looked down at her feet.‎ 那个女孩很害羞，她低下头看着自己的脚。‎ 拓展 look短语集结号：‎ look at 看 look after 照顾 look forward to 期待 look around 环顾，向四周看 look through浏览 look down upon轻视，瞧不起 look up查阅（单词）‎ ‎2. “Shouldn't you be at school? ”he asked.“难道你不应该上学吗？”他问。‎ 这个问句是一般疑问句的否定形式。它常常用来表示惊奇、责难、建议、看法等，意为“难道不……吗?”‎ Don't you know the twins’ names? 难道你不知道这对双胞胎的名字吗？‎ 温馨提示 对此问句进行回答时，要注意与汉语习惯的不同。答语中用yes还是no，应该以答语的内容是肯定还是否定为准。也就是说，答语的内容是肯定的就用yes；答语的内容是否定的就用no。‎ ‎—— Doesn't he want to go? 难道他不想去吗？‎ Yes, he does. 不，他想去。‎ ‎—— Can't you get up a little earlier? 难道你不能起得早一点吗？‎ ‎—— No, I can t. I went to bed too late last night. 是的，我不能。昨晚我睡得太晚了。‎ ‎3. How could I explain 我怎么解释呢？‎ Explain v. 解释 ‎（1）explain+从句 He explained why he didn't come yesterday. 他解释昨天为什么没有来。‎ ‎（2）explain+疑问词+动词不定式 Can you explain to us how to use the car? 你能向我们解释怎样使用这辆车吗？‎ ‎（3）explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某事 The teacher explained the problem to the class. 老师向学生们解释了这个问题。‎ ‎4. When I was about four or five years old，I remember sitting close to the radio in the living room, listening to my favourite programmes, and to the voices of my favourite presenters. ‎ 我记得自己在四五岁时，紧靠在客厅的收音机旁坐着，听我最喜欢的节目和最喜欢的主持人的声音。‎ listening to my favourite programmes 这个词组在句子中表示伴随情况，我们称其为伴随状语。‎ They came running all the way. 他们是一路跑着来的。‎ We stayed at home all day watching TV. 我们一整天待在家里看电视。‎ ‎5. It seemed that they were speaking to me in person. 感觉好像他们在亲自和我说话。‎ ‎（1）Seem作连系动词，意为“看起来，似乎”。‎ It seems that they know what they're doing. 看来，他们知道自己在做什么。‎ 拓展 seem作连系动词，主要结构有：‎ ‎1. seem + to do / be 似乎，好像……‎ The baby seems to be asleep. 那个婴儿似乎睡着了。‎ ‎2. seem + adj / n.看上去好像……‎ She seems quite shy. 她看上去很害羞 ‎3. It seems / seemed that… 似乎 / 好像……‎ It seems that no one knows what happened. 似乎没人知道发生了什么事。‎ 温馨提示 seem的否定形式有两种：do not seem或seem not，意为“似乎不，好像不”。‎ Tony doesn't seem to be in the library. = Tony seems not to be in the library.‎ 托尼好像不在图书馆。‎ ‎（2）in person 意为“亲自"。‎ I came to the post office to pick up the letter in person. 我亲自去邮局领取信件。‎ ‎6. At the age of nine, I asked for jobs in small radio stations.‎ ‎9岁的时候，我去小电台求过职。‎ ‎（1）at the age of... 意为“在……岁时”。‎ She went to the city at the age of 18. 她18岁时去了那个城市。‎ 拓展 短语at the age of可以用when引导的时间状语从句改写。‎ I became a teacher at the age of 23. = I became a teacher when I was 23.‎ 我在23岁时成为了一名教师。‎ ‎（2）ask for意为“请求；要”。‎ ask for后接某人时，意思是“找某人，要求见某人”；后接某物时，意为“要某物”。而ask sb. for sth.则表示“向某人要某物，请求某人给予某物”。‎ Someone is asking for you at the door. 门口有人找你。‎ He's coming here to ask for some bread. 他来这里要些面包。‎ She asks him for his address. 她向他要他的地址。‎ ‎7. As I grew older, my interest in radio grew. 随着年龄的增长，我对广播的兴趣与日俱增。‎ ‎（1）本句中as引导了一个时间状语从句，主句为my interest in radio grew。从句和主句的谓语均为grew，但用法不同：第一个是连系动词，意为“变得”，后接形容词的比较级older；第二个是不及物动词，意为“增长”。‎ His face grew pale. 他的脸色变得苍白。‎ The population is growing very fast. 人口正快速增长。‎ ‎（2）as此处为连词，“随着……”，表述两个发展变化中的情况。‎ As he talked on，he got more and more excited. 他越讲越激动。‎ As you grow older. you'll know better and better about yourself. ‎ 随着年龄的增长，你就会越来越了解你自己。‎ ‎8. One day I learnt about Internet radio. 有一天我听说了网络电台。‎ 词组learn about / of意为“听说……的事情，了解”。‎ I'm very sorry to learn about your illness. 听说你病了，我十分难过。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）learn from… 向……学习 We must learn from each other and help each other. 我们必须互相学习并互相帮助。‎ ‎（2）learn by oneself 自学 He is learning English by himself. 他正在自学英语。‎ ‎（3）learn by heart 记住 Our teacher asks us to learn the new words by heart. 老师要我们把生词记住。‎ ‎9. I sat down in the studio, in front of a microphone. 我坐在演播室的麦克风前。‎ in front of... 意为“在……的前面”，强调在某物的范围之外，相当于before。‎ There is a tree and some flowers in front of the house.‎ 房前有一棵树和一些花。（它们不在房子的内部）‎ in the front of... 意为“在……（里面）的前面”，表示在某物的范围之内。‎ He's sitting in the front of the car. 他坐在小汽车的前面。（他在小汽车里）‎ ‎10. He was in another room, behind the glass wall. 他在玻璃墙后的另一个房间里。‎ 句中glass为名词，意为“玻璃”。glass当“玻璃”讲时是不可数名词，当“玻璃杯”讲时是可数名词。‎ The window is made of three pieces of glass. 窗户是由3块玻璃制成的。‎ I'd like three glasses of water. 我想要3杯水。‎ These glasses are all made of glass. 这些杯子都是用玻璃做的。‎ ‎[图解助记] glass的一词多义 a pair of glassy 一副眼镜 a glass of orange 一杯橙汁 two glasses [可数名词]两个玻璃杯 glass [不可数名词] 玻璃 ‎11. All radio presenters begin work with the same question. 所有广播主持人的工作都是从回答这个问题开始的。‎ Begin / start… with… 意为“以……开始……”。‎ Miss Wang usually begins her class with some interesting questions. ‎ 王老师通常以几个有趣的问题开始她的课。‎ Let's start the concert with this song. 我们以这首歌来幵始音乐会吧。‎ ‎12. And this was how my first real job in radio began. ‎ 这就是我如何开始真正从事播音工作的故事。‎ how引导的句子在连系动词was之后，作表语，我们称之为表语从句。使用表语从句时应注意两个方面的问题：一是表语从句的时态要与主句保持一致；二是从句要用陈述语序。‎ That's why she was late. 那就是她迟到的原因。‎ It was where they lived 10 years ago. 那就是他们10年前居住过的地方。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. continue 继续 continue doing sth.意思是“继续做 / 不停地做某事”，指持续、不间断地从事某项工作。相当于 go on doing / with sth.。‎ She wanted to continue working after she was married. 她想结婚后继续工作。‎ 注意 continue to do sth. 意思等同于 continue doing sth，二者可以通用。‎ ‎2. Tony hates seeing / to see his team lose. 托尼讨厌看到他的队失败。‎ see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”。‎ I often see them play in the park. 我常看见他们在公园里玩。‎ 辨析：see sb. do sth.与see sb. doing sth.‎ see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（看见了动作的整个过程），或经常看见某人做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人正在做某事（没看见动作的整个过程，表示看见时动作正在进行）‎ He saw two men enter the bar. 他看见两个人走进酒吧。‎ He saw a dog running in the garden. 他看见一条狗正在花园里跑。‎ 中考链接 When I was walking past the window, I saw Wang Fei ______ my homework. I really got annoyed. ‎ A. copying B. copy C. copies D. copied 解析：see sb. do sth. “看见某人做了某事”（看见动作的全过程）；see sb. doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”（看见动作正在进行）。由从句“当我正经过窗户的时候”可知看见动作正在进行，故用see sb. doing sth。‎ 答案：A ‎3. Please tell me how long the Great Wall is. 请告诉我长城有多长。‎ 这是一个双宾语结构，直接宾语为宾语从句：此句中how long意为“多长”，可就长度进行提问，从句要用陈述语序。‎ How long is our classroom? 我们的教室有多长？‎ 拓展 how long 也可对时间进行提问，意为“多久；多长时间”，询问动作持续的时间，谓语动词应用延续性动词，如work, live, study, play等，可与多种时态连用，常对for+一段时间”‎ 提问。‎ ‎— How long did they work here?他 们在这儿工作多长时间了？‎ ‎— For about one year.大约一年了。‎ 中考链接 ‎— ______ do you watch TV every week?‎ ‎— Less than two hours. I often have much homework to do.‎ A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often 解析：本题考查特殊疑问词组的辨析：how many“多少”，询问可数名词的数量；how much“多少”，询问不可数名词的数量：how long“多长时间”；how often“多久一次”，询问频率。由答语“Less than two hours. ”（不到两小时。）”知问句询问时间的长短，故用how long。‎ 答案：C ‎4. OK. that s the end of the tour. 好，我们的参观到此结束。‎ the end of... 意为“……末”，是名词短语，其反义词组是the beginning of…，表示“……的开头”。‎ The beginning of the story is boring, but the end of it is very funny.‎ 故事的开头很无聊，但是其结尾很有趣。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）at the end of… 意思是“在……结尾”“在……的尽头”，是介词短语，其反义词组是 at the beginning of…，表示“在……开始”。‎ I left my home at the beginning of the year, and returned at the end of the year. ‎ 我年初离开家，年终才回来。‎ There is a shop at the end of the street. 在街的尽头有一家商店。‎ ‎（2）in the end意思是“最后，终于”，相当于at last, finally, 是副词短语，其后不可接介词of。‎ In the end, he succeeded.最后他成功了 ‎5. He then realised how much a radio would help African people learn about health and health care.然后，他意识到收音机对于帮助非洲的人们了解健康和保健有多么重要。‎ 这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。‎ health为名词，意为“健康”。‎ Smoking does harm to health.吸烟有害健康。‎ 拓展 healthy为形容词，意为“健康的”，其反义词为unhealthy “不健康的”。‎ The children look very healthy. 孩子们看起来很健康。‎ ‎6. Even in tiny villages which had no electricity, or forms of communication, people began to listen to the radio, not only for entertainment, but to educate themselves, too.‎ 甚至在没有电或任何通讯形式的小村庄，人们也开始收听广播，不仅仅为了娱乐，而且也为了他们的自我教育。‎ not only… but（also）… 不但……而旦……，它连接并列的句子或句子成分。‎ Beijing‎ has not only a lot of old buildings but also many new buildings. ‎ 北京不仅有许多古建筑，而且还有很多新楼房。‎ This girl is not only pretty but also clever. 这个女孩不仅漂亮而且聪明。‎ 温馨提示 ‎（1）当连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 Not only he but also I am a teacher. 不仅他，而且我也是个老师。‎ ‎（2）由not only… but also…引导的句子可用as well as来转换。但两个句子的语意侧重不同：as well as侧重前者，而not only. . . but also...侧重后者。‎ She is not only beautiful but also kind.‎ ‎= She is kind as well as beautiful. 她不但漂亮，而且为人很好。‎ Module 4 New technology 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. Chen Huan wants a recording for his programme, and he lent me his CD recorder. ‎ 陈欢想为他的节目配一段录音，所以他把他的CD录音机借给了我。‎ lend意为“借（给）”。‎ lend表示把某物借给某人，其过去式和过去分词均为lent，其反义词是borrow。常与to连用，lend…to…意为“把……借给……”。‎ Don't worry. I will lend you 100 yuan. 不用担心，我将借给你100元。‎ ‎= Don't worry. I will lend 100 yuan to you.‎ ‎[助记]‎ ‎“借”有巧法 ‎“借”看执行者，“借出”用lend,“借入”用borrow。‎ 如果用keep，表示“借多久”。假如看不完，“续借”用renew。‎ She often lends her pen to me. 她经常把她的钢笔借给我。‎ I often borrow books from him. 我常向他借书。‎ You can keep the book for two weeks. 你可以借这本书两周。‎ You must come and renew it if you can't finish the book in time.‎ 如果你不能及时看完这本书，必须来续借。‎ 借出书 lend the book 借入书 borrow the book 借书一周 keep the book for a week 归还书 return the book 注意 borrow和lend均为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep是延续性动词，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。‎ ‎[搭配]‎ Borrow…from... 从……借…… lend…to... 将……借给……‎ Keep… for… 借……多长时间 ‎2. If you want to turn on the recorder, press the blue button.‎ 如果你想打开录音机，按蓝色按钮。‎ turn on打开（电器等）‎ Please turn on the lights. 请打开灯。‎ Do you know how to turn on the camera? 你知道怎么打开照相机吗？‎ 拓展 turn off关闭 turn up（把音量等）调高 turn down(把音量等）调低 注意 turn on和turn off 都是“动词+副词”型动词短语，宾语是名词时，可放在词组之后或副词之前；宾语是代词时，要放在副词的前面。‎ The lights all went off. Could you help me turn them on? 灯都关了。你能帮我把它们打开吗？‎ 中考链接 I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV. Would you please ______ ?‎ A. turn it up B. turn it down C. turn it on D. turn it off 解析: turn up（把音量）调高；turn down调低；turn on打开；turn off关闭。由句意“我几乎听不到电视上在说些什么”可知应问“请你把音量调高好吗？”。‎ 答案：A ‎3. If you want to play back, press the green button. 如果你想回放，按绿色按钮。‎ ‎（1）play back表示“回放，重放（录音或录像等〉”。‎ Play the last section back to me, please. 请把最后一节再给我放一次。‎ ‎（2）press v.按 You must press this button to start the radio. 你必须按这个按钮才能打开这台收音机。‎ Press this button to start the engine. 按这个按钮开动引擎。‎ ‎4. If the red light doesn't come on, wait for thirty seconds. 如果红灯没亮，等待30秒。‎ ‎（1）come on在这里表示“打开，开动”，它还可以用于祈使句，表示“鼓励、劝说、催促”等。‎ A dog started barking, and lights came on in the house. 一条狗叫了起来，屋子里的灯亮了。‎ Come on! We'll be late for class. 快一点儿！我们上课要迟到了。‎ 注意 尽管turn on也有“打开”之意，但其主语一般是“人”；而come on的主语一般是“灯”等电器。‎ ‎（2）Second 在本句中意为“秒”，它还可为序数词，意为“第二”。‎ There are 60 seconds in a minute. 一分钟有60秒。‎ He is the second to cross the finishing line. 他是第二个穿过终点线的。‎ ‎[图解助记] second的一词多义 There are ten seconds for the second. 第二名（与第一名）相差 10 秒。‎ ‎5. If you want to send your recording by email, connect the recorder to your computer.‎ 如果要把录音通过电子邮件发给别人，将录音机和电脑连接起来。‎ ‎（1）send vt. 送，寄，发送，派遣，打发 send的用法很灵活，词义也较多，现总结如下：‎ ‎① 送，派；递；使前往 She sent me a nice pencil. 她送给了我一支好铅笔。‎ She sent for the doctor. 她派人去请医生了。‎ ‎② 使……陷入；使处于（某种状态）‎ This noise will send me mad. 这吵闹声会使我发疯。‎ ‎③ 发信，寄信；传令 If any letters come. Can I send them on? 如果有信来，我是否可以把它们转寄出去？‎ ‎④（天然事物）发出，长出，生出 The trees send out many new branches. 树长出很多新枝：‎ send后接双宾语即send sb. sth. 可转换成send sth. to sb.‎ They sent me some postcards. = They sent some postcards to me. 他们给我寄了一些明信片。 （2）connect 的用法 connect在句中表示“连接；接通”，后面可以接介词to或with，构成connect with / to. . .。‎ Could you connect the mobile phone to the computer? 你能将手机与电脑连接起来吗？‎ 拓展 connect后接副词up，表示“接通，连接在一起”；后接介词with, 表示“与……连接， 使……有联系，用电话和……联系”等。‎ The scientists connected the wires up. 科学家把这些电线连接起来。‎ Please connect me with Beijing‎ ‎University. 请给我接北京大学。‎ ‎6. If you want to choose another programme, press this button.‎ 如果你想选择另一个节目，按这个按钮。‎ another在此用作形容词，意为“再一；又一；别的”，常用来修饰单数名词，也可接数词再 接复数名词。‎ Would you like to have another cup of tea? 你想再喝杯茶吗？‎ another+数词+可数名词复数=数词+ more+可数名词复数 We need another ten boys to help us. = We need ten more boys to help us.‎ 我们还需要10个男孩来帮忙。‎ 温馨提示 another指三者或三者以上范围中的另一个。若指两者中的另一个，则用the other；表达不定范围的“另一些”时，用others；表达一定范围的“其余的”时，用the others.‎ 拓展 another也可用作代词，意为“另一个”。‎ I don't like this pen. Show me another.我不喜欢这支钢笔，给我再拿一支。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. If a snake bites you, take a photo with your mobile phone.‎ 万一被蛇咬到，用你的手机拍下蛇的照片！‎ ‎（1）bite v. 咬，其过去式和过去分词分别为：bit，bitten / bit。‎ bite后面可直接跟宾语。若表示“咬某人的某个部位”，则用“bite sb. +in / on + the +身体的某部位”这一结构。介词on后常接较硬而突出的身体部位，如head, back, nose, chest，shoulder等；in后常接较软而凹的部位如face, eye，stomach等。‎ The dog bit the thief in the leg. 那条狗咬了小偷的腿。‎ Once bitten / bit, twice shy. （谚）一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。‎ 拓展 bite at向……咬去 bite off 咬掉 ‎（2）take a photo意为“拍照，照相”，强调动作。常用在以下结构中：‎ ‎1. take a photo + of... 拍……的照片 ‎2. take a photo + with... 用……拍照 ‎3. take a photo + for... 给……拍照 Why not take a photo of the panda? 为什么不照这只熊猫呢？‎ Can you take a photo for me with this camera? 你能用这台相机为我照张相吗？‎ ‎（3）with your mobile phone 用你的手机 介词wilh在此意为“用，以（工具或手段）”。‎ The little boy is writing with a pencil. 这个小男孩儿正在用一支铅笔写字。‎ I see with my eyes and smell with my nose. 我用眼睛看，用鼻子闻。‎ 辨析：with与in With 指用“工具” write with a pen 用钢笔写 In 指用“语言、材料” write in ink用墨水写（不用冠词）‎ ‎2. It may save your life. 这个举动可能会挽救你的生命。‎ save one's life意为“挽救某人的生命”，life的复数形式是lives。另外，save还常与介词from连用。‎ The famous doctor saved many children's lives. 这位著名的医生救过许多孩子 They saved the old man from the fire. 他们从大火中救了那位老人。‎ 拓展 save还有“节省；保存”之意。‎ If you want to save the information, press the“yes”button.‎ 如果你想保存信息，按“Yes”按钮。‎ ‎3. This is the surprising advice of a British cook. ‎ 这是一位英国厨师给出的令人惊奇的建议。‎ surprising adj. 令人吃惊的：惊异的 surprising常用来修饰事物，表示“使人惊讶的”；而形容词surprised则用来修饰人，意为“惊讶的”。‎ Did you hear of the surprising news? 你听说那条令人吃惊的消息了吗？‎ I'm surprised to learn that he didn't come. 得知他没有来，我感到惊讶。‎ 拓展 surprise可用作名词，意思是“惊愕；惊奇；突然或意外之事”。‎ What a surprise! 多么令人吃惊的事啊！‎ to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 To my surprise. his plan succeeded. 令我吃惊的是，他的计划（居然）成功了。‎ ‎4. He picked up a dish from the table, and suddenly a snake appeared... and bit him on hand.‎ 他从餐桌上拿起一个盘子，这时突然出现了一条蛇……并咬到了他的手。‎ ‎（1）pick up拾起；捡起 短语pick up中，up为副词，当宾语是名词时，既可放在up之前.也可放在up之后，当宾语是代词时，则必须放在up之前。‎ Can you pick up my glasses for me? 你能替我把眼镜捡起来吗？‎ There's a hat on the ground. Let’s pick it up. 地上存顶帽子，我们把它捡起来吧。‎ 拓展 pick sb. up还有“（开车）接某人；搭载”之意。‎ I'll pick you up at six. 我六点钟（开车）来接你。‎ 中考链接 There is a book on the floor. You'd better ______ .‎ A. set it up B. give it up C. pick it up D. look it up 解析: set up建立；give up放弃；pick up捡起；look up查找。由句意“地上有一本书”可知，应用pick up“捡起”。‎ 答案：C ‎（2）dish是名词，表示"盛食物的盘子或碗”；此外，它也可以表示“（一道）菜；菜肴。‎ Her job is to wash up dishes. 她的工作是洗盘子。‎ The main dish is steak.主菜是牛排。‎ ‎（3）appear为不及物动词，意为“出现”。没有被动语态，其反义词为disappear。‎ A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 雨后天空中出现了一道彩虹。‎ I waited for two hours, but he didn't appear. 我等了两个小时，但是他没有出现。‎ ‎5. A few days earlier, the snake came to the restaurant from Asia in a box of bananas.‎ 这条蛇是几天以前随着一箱从亚洲来的香蕉来到这家餐馆的。‎ a few意为“一些，几个”，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定概念；如果要表示否定概念“很少，几乎没有”，用few。‎ She has a few friends. 她有几个朋友。‎ She has few friends. 她几乎没有朋友。‎ 拓展 修饰不可数名词时，如果表示“有一点儿”，用a little，表示肯定概念。如果表示“很少，几乎没有”。 用little，表示否定概念。‎ There is a little water in the glass. 杯子里有点水。‎ There is little water in the glass. 杯子里几乎有水。‎ ‎6. I threw it across the kitchen，and it landed in the fridge.‎ 我把它甩了出去，它落在了位于厨房另一侧的冰箱里。‎ throw为动词，意为“扔掉”。‎ How far can you throw? 你能扔多远？‎ 辨析：throw away与throw off throw away 意为“扔掉，拋弃，浪费”，该短语为动副结构，可修饰名词或代词，表示彻底丢弃不用或无用的东西，也可指浪费金钱等 throw off 意为“扔掉（不用的东西）”时，可与throw away互换。但throw off还可表示匆忙脱衣服或摆脱困境。‎ All their efforts were thrown away. 他们的一切努力都白费了。‎ He threw off his coat and jumped into the river to save the boy.‎ 他脱下衣服跳进河里去救那个男孩。‎ ‎7. Anyway, Mr Jackson stayed cool and he took a photo of the snake with his mobile phone.‎ 不管怎样，杰克逊先生保持了冷静，用手机拍下了蛇的照片。‎ ‎（1）anyway adv. 意为“不管怎样；无论如何”，常用作让步状语，相当于anyhow.‎ Anyway, you can try. 无论如何，你可以试试。‎ It's too late now, anyway. 无论怎样，现在已经太迟了。‎ ‎（2）stay cool 保持冷静。stay在此作连系动词。cool原意是“凉爽”，cool还可以形容人或人的行为。‎ He is really cool. 他真酷。‎ stay cool 还可以说成 keep one' s cool, 反义短语为 lose one's cool。‎ ‎8. Then his chest began to hurt. 接下来胸口开始疼。‎ hurt v. (hurt, hurt) 刺痛；伤害 Nothing hurts more than a bad tooth. 没有比牙痛更痛的了。‎ Tom hurt his leg when he fell off his bike. 汤姆从自行车上摔了下来，伤了腿。‎ 注意 hurt既可指身体上受伤，也可指精神上受伤害：‎ My leg hurts because I hurt it while I was playing football.‎ 我腿疼，因为我踢足球时伤着它了。‎ ‎9. Doctors couldn't say what was wrong because they didn't know what kind of snake it was.‎ 因为医生不知道咬伤他的是哪类蛇，所以他们也无所适从。‎ 句中what was wrong是个固定句型，表示“怎么了，出了什么事”，wrong也可以换成the matter或the trouble, 后面还可以接with sb. /sth.，表示“某人 / 某物怎么了”。‎ What's wrong / the trouble / the matter with you? 你怎么了？‎ I didn't know what was wrong with the watch. It couldn't work.‎ 我不知道这块表哪儿出了毛病。不能用了。‎ 拓展 wrong adj. 失常的；错误的 There is something wrong with the motor. 发动机出故障了。‎ ‎10. When they knew the kind of snake, they could give Mr Jaekson the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day. 当他们了解到那条蛇的类型之后，就能给杰克逊先生对症下药了，杰克逊先生第二天就出院了。‎ medicine是不可数名词，意为“药”，have / take the medicine 意为“吃药”。‎ Take the medicine and you'll feel better soon. 服下这些药，你很快会感觉好多了。‎ 注意 表示“吃药”时不能用动词eat或drink而要用take或have。‎ ‎11. “… Take its photo first and then show the photo to the doctors，”suggests Mr Jackson.‎ ‎“……拍下蛇的照片后给医生看，”杰克逊先生建议道。‎ suggest表示“建议；提议”。其后接动词时要用动名词形式；若接从句，多用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）。注意，不要在其后接不定式的复合结构。‎ He suggested that we should leave early. 他建议我们早点出发。‎ He suggested taking the children to the zoo. 他提议带孩子们去动物园。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. If you don’ t like the programme, turn the TV off. 如果你不喜欢这个节目，就关上电视机。‎ turn off 关上 Don't forget to turn off the gas after you finish cooking. 做完饭后你别忘了关掉煤气。‎ 注意 turn off是一个动副词组，若其宾语是代词，代词须放在turn和off中间。‎ The radio is very boring. Please turn it off. 收音机太烦人了，请把它关掉。‎ ‎2. When you’ re ready to record, press the red button. 当你准备录音时，按红色的按钮。‎ ready adj. 准备好了的；乐意的 ‎（1）be ready 准备好了 Supper is ready. 晚饭准备好了。‎ Are you ready? 你（们）准备好了吗？‎ ‎（2）be / get ready for…. = prepare for…为……做准备 They are getting ready for the exam.他们正在为考试做准备。‎ ‎（3）be / get ready to do sth.准备做某事；乐意做某事 Are you getting ready to run? 你们准备好跑了吗？‎ Lei Feng was always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于帮助他人。‎ ‎3. The man shows the woman a phone that can save music. ‎ 这位男士向这位女士展示了一部能储存音乐的手机。‎ 此句含有一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句, that can save music作名词 phone 的定语。定语从句修饰主句中的名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句中的引导词称为关系词，常见的关系词有that, who，whom，whose, when，where等。‎ The woman that I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 我在报上得知，那位妇女刚刚夺得一枚金牌。‎ The athlete whom I liked best was Carl Lewis. 我最喜欢的运动员是卡尔•刘易斯。‎ 中考链接 The basketball ______ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan.‎ A. that B. where C. who D. when 解析：由先行词the basketball是物可知，应用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句。‎ 答案：A ‎4. A new way to send a postcard 寄送明信片的新途径 此处的way表示“方式，方法，途径”，其后常跟to do或of doing作定语。‎ Do you have a good way to work out the problem? 你有解决这个问题的好方法吗？‎ There are a lot of ways to make friends. 交朋友的方法很多。‎ The best way of learning English is to go to America. 学英语的最好方法是去美国。‎ ‎5. When you're on holiday, friends and family like to receive a postcard.‎ 你在度假时，你的朋友和家人想收到一张明信片。‎ receive作动词，意为“收到，得到”，常指收到礼物或来信等。‎ He likes to receive presents. 他喜欢收到礼物。‎ I received a letter from my mother. 我收到了一封母亲的来信。‎ 拓展 表示“收到某人的来信”还可以表达为：get one's letter, get a letter from sb. hear from sb.等。‎ I got his letter yesterday. ＝I got a letter from him yesterday ‎= I heard from him yesterday. 昨天我收到了他的来信。‎ ‎6. I didn't know what kind of plant it was. 我不知道它是什么种类的植物。‎ kind意为“种，类”。有关kind的词组有：‎ ‎（1）a kind of 一种 a kind of plant 一种植物 ‎（2）all kinds of各种各样的 There are all kinds of flowers in the garden.花园里有各种各样的花。‎ ‎（3）different kinds of 不同种类的 different kinds of books 不同种类的书 ‎（4）many kinds of 许多种 many kinds of animals 许多种动物 ‎（5）this /that kind of 这/那种 ‎（6）kind of = a little / bit 略微，有点儿 you room is kind of small. 你的房间有点儿小。‎ ‎7. I decided to take a photo of it and look it up when 1 got home.‎ 我决定给它照张相，回到家中的时候查一查。‎ ‎（1）decide意为“决定，下决心”。常见用法有：‎ ‎1. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 They decided to buy the house. 他们决定买那座房子。‎ The boy decided not to go to the zoo with his elder sister.‎ 那个男孩决定不和他的姐姐去动物园了。‎ ‎2. decide on / about sth. 对……做出决定/决议 Who decided about the matter? 是谁决定的那件事情？‎ ‎3. decide+从句决定……‎ She decided that she would go swimming on Saturday. 她决定星期六去游泳。‎ 拓展 decide的名词形式是decision，意为“决定”。make a decision（to do sth.）意为“决心（去做某事）”。‎ ‎（2）look up意为“查找，查阅"。‎ If you don't know this word, look it up in the dictionary.‎ 如果你不知道这个单词，在词典里查一查。‎ 中考链接 When you don t know a word, you can ______ in the dictionary.‎ A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up 解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。look up “（在词典等中）查找”；set up“建立”；give up “放弃”；pick up“拾起，捡起”。由句意“当你不认识一个单词时，你可以在词典中查找”知选A。‎ 答案：A Module 5 Problems 第1单元 内0容详解 ‎1. You mean alone in front of everyone? 你的意思是独自一人在众人面前演奏？‎ 在口语中，陈述句表示疑问的语气主要是靠语调来表示，因此这样的句子读起来应使用升调。从句子结构看，本句中省略了宾语从句中的主语和谓语部分，完整的句子应为：You mean one of you plays alone in front of everyone?‎ ‎2. Rather you than me！好在没让我去！‎ 本句是一个固定句型，用来表明不会去做别人要做的事，但并没有恶意，带有一点同情的意思。‎ ‎— I'm going climbing tomorrow. 我明天去爬山。‎ ‎— Rather you than me! 你去吧，我可不去！‎ 拓展 ‎（1）rather是副词，意为“相当，十分”时，常修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级。‎ She did rather well in English. 她英语学得相当好。‎ Tom is rather stronger than before. 汤姆比以前强壮多了。‎ ‎（2）rather与than连用，意为“而不”，表示否定，常连接相同词性的词（组）。‎ We shall go for a walk rather than watch TV. 我们要出去散步而不是看电视。‎ ‎（3）would rather... than... 意为“宁可/宁愿......也不愿......”，后接动词原形。would rather 常缩写为’d rather。‎ I'd rather stay at home than go out on such a cold day.‎ 这样冷的天气，我宁可待在家里，也不出去。‎ ‎3. And if Kylie beats you, she’ll play the solo and become the star on Starsearch！‎ 那如果凯丽击败了你，她就会表演独奏，成为“明星大搜索”的明星了！‎ beat是动词，意为“打，击败”，过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。beat表示在比赛中打败某人，此时其宾语只能是表示人或团队的词。‎ They beat us by the score of 4 to 2. 他们以4比2的比分击败了我们。‎ 拓展 beat还表示连续击打某人或某物。另外，beat还可表示心脏的跳动。‎ We heard the drums beating. 我们听到鼓在敲响。‎ Her heart is beating fast. 她的心快速跳动。‎ 辨析：beat, hit与strike beat 指连续地“打”‎ hit 侧重指“击中”，有时也指“打一下”‎ strike 常指“猛地一击”‎ Why did he beat you? 他为何打你？‎ The boy hit me on the head. 那男孩打中了我的头。‎ He struck me with a stick. 他用棍子打我。‎ ‎4. Her parents have warned her about her Schoolwork. 她父母已警告她注意她的功课。‎ warn vt. 警告，告诫 ‎（1）warn sh. about sth. 警告某人某事 They warned us about the heavy rain yesterday. 他们昨天警告我们注意这场大雨。‎ ‎（2）warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 We have warned them not to go skating on such thin ice.‎ 我们已经警告他们不要在这样薄的冰上溜冰。‎ ‎（3）warn sb. against（doing）sth. 警告某人不要做某事 The man warned us against swimming in the river. 那个人警告我们不要在河里游泳。‎ ‎（4）warn sb. that… 警告某人……‎ He warned me that there were pickpockets in the crowd. 他警告我说人群中有扒手 拓展 warn sb. of danger 警告某人有危险 They warned him of danger. 他们警告他有危险。‎ ‎5. If she spends too much time with the orchestra, they’ll punish her and send her to a different school. 如果她在乐队练习时间过长的话，他们就会惩罚她，并把她送到另一所学校去。‎ 辨析：too much与much too too much 意为“太多”，常用作定语修饰不可数名词。另外，too much还可意为“过多”，单独作主语、表语或状语等 much too 意为“太”“非常”，常用于修饰形容词或副词，以加强语气 I don't like summer because there is too much rain. 我不喜欢夏天，因为夏天雨水太多。‎ That's too much. 太过分了。‎ The weather is much too hot.天气太炎热了。‎ 一言辨异 The students were much too tired after they finished too much homework.‎ 做完这么多家庭作业后，学生们太疲倦了。‎ 联想 Too many意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数。‎ ‎（2）punish v. 惩罚，处罚，常用于短语punish sb. for（doing）sth. 意为“因（做）某事而惩某人”，介词for表示被处罚的原因，如果接with或by则表示处罚的方式或手段。‎ He punished her for telling lies. 他因她说谎而惩罚 了她。‎ I'll punish her by taking away her chocolate. 我要没收她的巧克力以示惩罚。‎ ‎8. And if she becomes a star, her parents will be proud of her, and they won't send her away. ‎ 那么要是她成了明星，她父母就会为她感到自豪，那么他们就不会把她送走了。‎ ‎（1）be proud of意为“以……为骄傲”，同义词组为take pride in。‎ We are all proud of the great progress he has made. 我们都为他取得的巨大进步而自豪。‎ 中考链接 Li Na has won the championship in France Tennis Open. All the Asians ______ her challenging spirit and excellent English.‎ A. are proud of B. take care of C. get along with 解析：本题考查固定短语辨析。be proud of“为……感到自豪”；take care of“照顾”；get along with“和……相处”。由前半句“李娜蠃得了法国网球公开赛的冠军”可知“所有的亚洲人都为她的挑战精神和极好的英语感到自豪”。故be proud of与句意相符。‎ 答案：A ‎（2）send sb. away送走某人或开除某人 Edison‎'s teacher sent him away from school. 爱迪生的老师把他从学校里开除了。‎ ‎7. But if I refuse to play，our teacher won't choose me.‎ 但如果我拒绝演奏，我们的老师就不会选我。‎ Refuse v. 拒绝；不愿接受；推却 ‎（1）refuse+名词/代词，表示“拒绝……”。‎ They refused our invitation. 他们拒绝了我们的邀请。‎ ‎（2）refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 He refused to help，so we had to try our best. ‎ 他拒绝绐予帮助，因此我们必须尽我们的最大努力。‎ ‎（3）refuse后接双宾语 The mother doesn't refuse her daughter anything. 这位母亲不拒绝她女儿任何事。‎ 注意 refuse后不可接动名词或宾语从句，也不能说refuse sb. to do sth.。‎ 她拒绝让我去那里。‎ ‎[误] She - refused me to go / going there. ‎ ‎[正] She refused to let me go there.‎ ‎8. You play so well. 你演奏得那么好。‎ 辨析：so与such 这两个词都可以表示程度，意为“如此；这样”，但用法不同。‎ ‎（1）so是副词，因此常用来修饰形容词或副词。‎ ‎1 didn't know why she was so upset. 我不知道她为什么如此伤心。‎ Parents shouldn't push their kids so hard. 父母们不应该把孩子逼得这么紧。‎ ‎（2）such是形容词.常用来修饰名词。‎ Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future.‎ 一些科学家相信，将来会有这样的机器人。‎ He is such a boy—he is always thinking of others. 他就是这样一个男孩——他总是想着别人。‎ ‎（3）在单数可数名词前，so和such的位置不同，即：“so+形容词+ a /an+单数可数名词”，“such + a/an+形容词十单数可数名词”，但这两种句型表达的意思是一致的.‎ This is so beautiful a picture. = This is such a beautiful picture.‎ 这是一幅如此漂亮的图画。‎ The teacher told so interesting a story in class yesterday. ‎ ‎= The teacher told such an interesting story in class yesterday. ‎ 老师昨天在课堂上讲了一个如此有趣的故事：‎ ‎（4）在“形容词+不可数名词或可数名词的复数”结构前只可用such，而不能用so，即 “such+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词的复数”结构。‎ He used to ask such strange questions after class.‎ 他过去在课后常问一些如此奇怪的问題。‎ It was such terrible weather. 天气如此糟糕。‎ ‎（5）但是在上述第（4）条中，如果表示“这么多”或“这么少”的概念时，其前只能用so，而不能用such。‎ Today teenagers are under so much pressure. 如今青少年面临如此大的压力。‎ She had so many children that she didn't know what to do.‎ 她有那么多孩子以至于她不知道该怎么办才好。‎ There is so little rain in spring that everything is dry. 春天雨水太少，以致一切都干了。‎ 中考链接 The old man asked the girl to take another seat ______ he could sit next to his wife.‎ A. because B. so C. such 解析：because引导原因状语从句；so引导结果状语从句；such“如此”，一般不直接跟从句。由句意“他能坐在妻子旁边”可知是“这位老人要求这个女孩换另一个座位”的结果，故用so引导。‎ 答案B ‎9. I’II have another chance one day 将来有一天我还会有机会的。‎ chance是名词，意为“机会”，其后常跟动词不定式或of引起的介词短语。有时也跟介词for。‎ I’ll have a chance of visiting Beijing.‎=I’ll have a chance to visit Beijing.‎ 我将有一次游览北京的机会。‎ That’s a good chance for you. 对你来说那是个好机会。‎ 拓展 By chance 意为“偶然地，意外地”、‎ I met Mr Wang in Shanghai by chance. 我在上海意外地遇见了王先生了。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. If you tell him the truth, you’ll prove honest you are.‎ 如果你告诉他真相，你将证明你是多么诚实。‎ ‎（1）truth n. 事实；真理 You should always tell the truth. 你要自始至终说实话。‎ It is a truth that the earth moves round the sun. 地球围绕太阳转是真理。‎ 拓展 in truth实际上 to tell the truth（作插入语）说实话 ‎（2）prove v.证明.证实 The facts proved to us that he was a brave man. 事实向我们证明他是个勇士。‎ He proved himself（to be）a brave man. 他的表现证明了自己是个勇士。‎ 拓展 prove (to sb. ) /pron. / that 从句（向某人）证明……‎ prove oneself （to be）... 表现出……‎ prove （to be）+ adj. /n. 证明是……‎ ‎（3）honest adj.诚实的，正直的，如果前面加不定冠词，则要用an，因为单词honest 以元音音素开头。‎ It's very honest of you to tell the truth. 你说出了真相，真诚实。‎ I want to be an honest man. 我想做一个诚实的人。‎ To be honest, I don't know what to do. 老实说，我不知道该做什么。‎ ‎2. But my father has warned me not to use his computer for playing games because he uses it for his job. 但我父亲告诫过我不要在他的电脑上玩游戏，因为他要用它来工作。‎ use是动词，意为“使用；利用”。‎ use的常见用法有：‎ ‎（1）use后可接名词或代词作宾语，表示“使用/利用……”。‎ May I use your telephone? 我可以用一下你的电话吗？‎ If you don't use your English, you’ll forget it. 如果你不使用英语,你就会忘记它。‎ ‎（2）“Use+宾语+不定式”结构表示“使用……去做……”。‎ People use coal to keep warm in winter. 冬天人们用煤来取暖。‎ ‎（3）use…for（doing）sth. 表示“用……（做）某事”。‎ We use the house for teaching. 我们把这所房子用于教学。‎ 温馨提示 use还可以用作名词，意为“使用；用途”，既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。‎ What is the use of talking? 高谈阔论有什么用途？‎ This tool has many uses.这个工具有多用途。‎ ‎3. We made quite sure my father didn’t notice anything.‎ 我们完全确信爸爸不会注意到任何痕迹。‎ 本句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。make sure/certain意为“确保.确定”，其用法如下 ‎（1）可以单独使用，也可以和of连用。‎ You’d better make sure of the time and place before you write.‎ 你最好把时间和地点确定了，然后再写。‎ ‎（2）与不定式连用，其否定形式有两种: do not make sure / certain to do和make sure / certain not to do。‎ He didn't make sure to write to her. 他没有确定要给她写信。‎ ‎（3）与that从句连用，从句中可省略that。‎ Can you make sure（that）you will succeed? 你能确信你会成功吗？‎ 拓展 make sure of sth. 核实或查明某物 make sure that... 确保……‎ be sure of sth. 对某事有把握 be sure to do sth. 务必做某事；一定做某事 be sure that... 确定……‎ ‎4. Should I offer to pay? 我应该主动付钱修电脑吗？‎ offer是动词，意为“提供，提出，提议”。‎ Offer + sth.提供某物 Offer + to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Offer+ sb. sth.=sth. to sb. 绐某人提供某物 He offered advice. 他提供建议。‎ My parents offered to take me to the museum. 我父母主动提出带我去博物馆 Jack offered to help me with my English. 杰克主动提出帮我学英语。‎ He offered us some useful advice. 他向我们提供了一些有益的建议。‎ ‎5. If you tell him the truth, he’ll be angry with you, but at least you'll prove how honest you are. ‎ 如果你告诉他实情，他会很生你的气，但至少你证明了自己是诚实的。‎ 本句是一个并列复合句。but连接的两个分句前后是转折关系。句首的if引导了一个条件状语从句；but后的句子中又包含了一个由连接副词how引导的宾语从句，作prove的宾语。‎ I don't know what his name is. 我不知道他的名字是什么。‎ ‎（1）be angry with sb. 表示“因某人而生气”；be angry about sth. 则表示“因某事而生气”。‎ Please don't be angry with me. 请别冲着我发脾气。‎ The passengers grew angry about the delay. 延误使乘客气愤起来。‎ ‎（2）at least表示“至少；起码；不管怎么说”。‎ My English teacher must be at least 40. 我的英语老师至少应该有40岁了。‎ 拓展 at the（very）least也表示“至少”，专用于数量之后。‎ It'll take a year, at the very least. 这至少需要一年的时间。‎ ‎6. But yon shouldn' t use your pocket money —— after all, your parents gave you that money.‎ ‎ 但你不应该用你的零用钱——毕竟那是你父母给你的钱。‎ after all意为“毕竟”，在句中提示或强调可能被忽略的事实，表示一种让步语气。‎ They are certain to come. After all, they've accepted the invitation.‎ 他们肯定会来。毕竟他们已接受了邀请。‎ Let him go there alone—after all, he's not a child.‎ 让他自己去那儿吧——毕竞他已不是一个孩子了。‎ 拓展 after all还可意为“终究；到底”，通常位于句末.表示转折语气。‎ I was very tired, but got home after all .我很累，但终究还是到家了。‎ ‎7. If you offer to do some jobs around the home, or maybe help him with his work, he’ll realise that you're truly sorry. 如果你主动要求在家里做点儿事情，或是帮助爸爸工作，他就会意识到你确实感到很内疚。‎ ‎（1） help sb. with sth.表示“在某方面帮助某人”，常与help sb. （to）do sth.互换。‎ He often helps his mother with the housework. = He often helps his mother （to）do the housework.他经常帮助他的母亲做家务。‎ 温馨提示 help with意为“帮忙，帮助”。‎ I often help with the housework at home. 我在家经常帮忙做家务活。‎ ‎（2）realise v. 认识到，了解，明白，意识到 I realised 1 had made mistakes. 我意识到我犯错误了。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. hurry up! We’ll be late! 快点! 我们要迟到了!‎ Hurry up! 意为“赶快，急忙（做某事）”，相当于Come on! 或Be quick ! 多单独使用，用来摧促对方快点做某事。作“催促”讲，宾语是代词时，要放在hurry和up之间。‎ ‎ Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 快点，要不你上学就要迟到了。‎ We tried to hurry her up .我们试图催促她快点儿。‎ 注意 hurry up常用于肯定句中或单独使用。‎ 拓展 hurry的其他用法：‎ ‎（1）hurry to do sth. 匆忙去做某事 He hurried to go to school without breakfast. 他没吃早饭就匆忙去上学了 ‎（2）in a hurry 匆忙地 He went to school in a hurry. 他匆忙去上学。‎ ‎2. She saved up a lot of money to buy them.. .她攒了很多钱才买到它们……‎ Save up 表示“攒钱”。‎ I have been saving up to buy a large house. 我一直在攒钱想买一套大房子。‎ ‎3. And on my way home, I fell, and one of the shots is broken now. ‎ 在回家的路上，我摔倒了，现在其中一只鞋坏了。‎ ‎（1）on one's way (to)... 在某人去……的路上 On my way home, I met an old friend. 在回家的路上，我遇见了一位老朋友。‎ She took some photos of the tall buildings on her way to the station.‎ 在去车站的路上，她拍了一些髙楼的照片。‎ 温馨提示 home在此用作副词，所以前面不加介词to。‎ ‎（2）one of意为“其中一（个，位……）”。‎ He is one of my friends. 他是我的一个朋友。‎ 注意 ‎“one of + the/one’s+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ One of his hobbies is collecting stamps. 他的爱好之一是集邮。‎ ‎“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”。‎ Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class. 汤姆是我们班最高的男孩之一。‎ ‎4. Mmm, that does sound serious. 嗯，那听起来确实很严重。‎ ‎（1）助动词does在这里加强句子的语气。‎ Do be careful! 一定要当心！‎ I do like English.我确实喜欢英语。‎ ‎（2）sound作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后面常接形容词作表语。‎ The idea to eat in the restaurant sounds wonderful. ‎ 去餐馆吃饭的主意听起来太棒了。‎ 拓展 常见的连系动词有：一个“是”（be），一个“感觉”（feel）, —个“保持”（keep）‎ 四个“……起来”（taste，smell，look, sound)，—个“似乎，好像”（seem），三个“变 了（become, get, turn）。‎ 中考链接 This sentence ______ right. Please write it down.‎ A. feels B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 解析：本题考查连系动词的用法。feel“摸起来"；sound“听起来”；taste“尝起来”；smell“闻起来”，因为主语是this sentence, 只能与sound“听起来”搭配。‎ 答案:B ‎5. My uncle has offered to help me train, but how can I get my parents to agree 我叔叔己经主动提出帮我训练，但我怎样让我的父母同意呢？‎ ‎（1）get sb. to do sih. 意为“让某人做某事”, get在此为使役动词。‎ They got us to stay for another two days. 他们让我们再多待两天。‎ The teacher gets the students to finish their homework on time.‎ 老师让学生们按时完成家庭作业。‎ 温馨提示 使役动词复合结构中的动词不定式有的带to，有的不带to。‎ make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 ‎（2）agree作不及物动词，意为“同意”。‎ I know what you think I should do, but I’ m afraid I don't agree.‎ 我知道你想让我做什么，但恐怕我不能同意。‎ 辨析：agree on，agree to与agree with agree on 指双方或多方协商后“在某方面取得一致意见”，主语必须指协调的双方或多方 agree to 意为“同意（做）某事”，不可说agree sb. to do sth.。agree to（sth.）表示愿意接受某事或允许某事发生，重在“接受”“答应”‎ agree with 指“同意、赞成某人（的意见）”，重在“赞同”。‎ 一言辨异 Tom asked me if my wife agreed to spend the holiday in the north. I said that she agreed to my idea, so we agreed on a date for it, and my wife agreed with what we did.‎ 汤姆问我我太太是否同意去北方度假，我说她同意我的想法，因此我们就定了个日子，我太太对我们的做法表示赞同。‎ ‎6. Last week, I was doing my homework at the library instead of tidying up the shelves.‎ 上周，我在图书馆做作业，而没有整理书架。‎ ‎（1） instead of意为“代替，而不是”。该短语为介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词。‎ We went swimming instead of playing football. 我们去游泳了，而没有去踢足球。‎ 拓展 instead是副词，意为“相反，代替”，一般放在句末。‎ I don’t want to go there. Lucy will go instead. 我不想去那里，露西将代替我去 ‎（2）shelf作名词，架子，搁板。其复数形式为shelves。‎ There are a lot of books on the shelves. 架子上有许多书。‎ ‎7. I saw someone from my school come into the library and steal a book.‎ 我看到我校的一个人进入图书馆偷走了一本书。‎ Steal作动词，意为“偷”。其过去式和过去分词分别为stole, stolen。‎ Someone stole his money when he was away. 有人趁他不在时，偷了他的钱。‎ 拓展 ‎1. steal sb. sth. （= steal sth. for sb.）为某人偷东西 ‎2. steal sth. from... 从……偷东西 She stole Peter a hen. ( = She stole a hen for Peter.) 她偷了一只母鸡给彼得。‎ What did the thieves steal from the shop? 小偷从这家商店偷了什么？‎ ‎8. I want to refuse because I think it's dishonest, but I don't want Peter to get into trouble with his parents. 我想拒绝，因为我认为那不诚实，但我不想让彼得陷入被他父母责怪的困境。‎ Get into trouble意为“遇到麻烦，出事，陷入困境”，其后可以接介词with引导的短语.‎ 表示“同某人产生矛盾”‎ The boy got into trouble when he left to live in London. ‎ 那个男孩离开家前往伦敦居住时遇到了麻烦。‎ He is always getting into trouble with the police. 他经常和警察产生冲突。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）trouble作为名词使用时，其意思和用法有很多。有时可理解为“麻烦，烦恼，问题，纠纷，病痛”等。此时为不可数名词；另外，有时也可理解为“烦恼的事，烦心事，给人造成麻烦的人”，此时为可数名词。‎ Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 麻烦没来找你，你别自找麻烦。‎ ‎（2）trouble还可与很多动词连用，以表达不同的含义。‎ make/cause trouble 制造麻烦 take trouble 费心，费事 save trouble 省事，避免麻烦 have trouble in doing... 做……有困难 have trouble with sb. 与某人闹纠纷 Module 6 Entertainment 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. What does the man think of the music? 那个人认为这音乐怎么样？‎ What do’ s / do...think of...？……认为……怎么样？用来询问他人的看法或意见，也可以换成 How does / do…like…？‎ What do you think of the new building? （＝How do you like the new building? ）‎ 你认为这座新楼怎么样？‎ It's wonderful.它太棒了。‎ ‎2. What does the man tell the listeners to do if they're too sleepy?‎ 那个人告诉听众如果他们太困了，他们该做什么？‎ tell sb. to do sth. 意为“告诉/让某人去做某事”，其否定形式是tell sb. not to do sth. “告诉/让某人不要做某事”。‎ Mother told me to ask our teacher for help. 妈妈让我去找老师寻求帮助。‎ I told you not to waste time watching TV. 我告诉过你不要浪费时间肴电视。‎ 注意 像tell —样用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有：ask （要求），invite （邀请）allow（允许），want（要），like（愿意）.warn（警告），order（命令）等。‎ ‎3. Hi, were you awake at 10 o’clock yesterday evening?‎ 你们好，昨天晚上10点钟的时候你们还醒着吗？‎ awake adj. 醒着的 Is the baby awake or asleep? 婴儿醒着还是睡着了?‎ Are you awake? 你醒着吗?‎ He lay awake in the bed. 他醒着躺在床上。‎ 注意 awake是表语形容词，不能用very修饰，但可以用wide或full修饰。它的反义词是asleep。‎ I was wide awake all night. 我整夜非常清醒。‎ ‎4. No, I was too sleepy. 没有，我太困了。‎ ‎（1）too adv. 太，过于；也 The box is too heavy.这个盒子太重了。‎ 拓展 ‎① too作副词用，修饰形容词或副词，常用于too...to...结构中，以肯定形式表示否定意义，意为“太……以至于不能……”。‎ The box is too heavy for the boy to lift. 这个盒子对那个男孩来说太重了，他举不动。‎ ‎② too意为“非常；很”，常用于口语中，相当于very；too还冇“还；而且 ；也”之意，可用于肯定句或疑问句中，在否定句中，要用either代替too。‎ I can speak Japanese, too.我也会说日语。‎ ‎（2）sleepy adj. 困乏的，欲睡的 I felt sleepy all day. 我一整天都很困。‎ The children are very sleepy by ten o'clock. 小孩子到10点钟就很困倦。‎ 辨析：sleepy, sleep, fall asleep 与 asleep Sleepy：形容词，意为“欲睡的，困乏的”‎ Sleep：动词，意为“睡，睡觉”，表示持续性状态 Fall asleep：表示“入睡”的短暂动作 Although I slept eight Hours last night, I still feel sleepy. I'm afraid I'll fall asleep in a while. 尽管昨晚我睡了 8个小时，但我仍然感到困倦，恐怕我一会儿要睡着了。‎ Asleep：形容词，意为“睡着的，睡熟的”，常作表语 The baby is asleep. 宝宝在睡觉。‎ ‎5. Yes, that was the end of the interview, but Chen Huan then said Sally played the violin really well. 对，采访到此结束，但陈欢接着说萨莉小提琴拉得非常好。‎ play the violin 拉小提琴 在表示演奏西方乐器时，常用“play + the十乐器名词”。‎ play the piano 弹钢琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 温馨提示 在用汉语拼音表示的乐器名词前一般不加定冠词the。‎ play erhu 拉二胡 play pipa 弹琵琶 ‎6. So she knows that she's among friends. 那么她知道她是和朋友们在一起。‎ among prep. 在……之中 I found him among the crowd. 我在人群之中找到了他。‎ There are a lot of flowers among the trees. 树木之间有许多花。‎ 辨析：among与between Among：用于三个或三个以上的人或物之中，或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在……中间”，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数/集体意义的名词或代词 Between：一般指“两者之间”，也可以用来指三个或三个以上的人或物中的每两个之间。‎ 一言辨异 The woman teacher is among the students, and the girl is between the two boys.‎ 这位女老师在学生之中，那个女孩在两个男孩之间。‎ ‎7. But I'm worried about her because she's unhappy.‎ 可是我还是为她担心，因为她并不快乐。‎ Worried作为形容词，意为“担心的；烦恼的；焦虑的”。‎ Don't look so worried. Everything will be fine.‎ 不要闷闷不乐，一切都会好起来的。‎ be worried about 意为“为……而担心”。‎ She was very worried about your safety. 她非常担心你的安全。‎ 拓展 Worry作为动词，意为“使担心”。‎ What is worrying you? 什么亊在让你担心？‎ 短语worry about意为“为……担心”。‎ Don't worry about him. He is fine now. 不要为他担心，他现在很好。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. Here's my culture report for today… 下面是我今天为大家准备的文化播报……‎ 这是一个here引导的倒装句。当表示地点的副词放在句首时，句子应倒装，也就是将谓语提到主语之前。这类倒装句称为全部倒装句，其目的是强调状语。‎ Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。‎ 拓展 具有这种用法的副词常见的有here，there, now, then等；但当主语是人称代词时，谓语不能提前。‎ Here they are. 他们在这儿。‎ ‎2. They are both very popular and famous… 他们两个都是广受欢迎的著名演员……‎ both adj. & pron.‎ ‎（1）both可作形容词，有时还可用作代词，表示“两者都”，只用于两个人 / 物或两件事， 谓语动词用复数形式，需特别注意both在句中的位置。‎ The twins are both students. 这对双胞胎都是学生。（位于be动词之后）‎ They both speak English. 他们俩都说英语。（位于行为动词之前）‎ Both the boys are foreigners. 这两个男孩都是外国人。（位于名词之前）‎ Both of us like playing cards. 我们两个人都喜欢打牌。（用作代词）‎ ‎（2）both... and... 连接两个主语时，其后面的谓语动词要用复数形式。‎ Both my father and my mother are workers. 我的爸爸和妈妈都是工人。‎ 拓展 neither... nor...为并列连词，意为“既不……也不……”，是both…and...的反义词组。‎ Neither boys nor girls are interested in it. 男孩子和女孩子对此都不感兴趣。‎ 中考链接 I have two children, and ______ of them are working in the west of China.‎ A. all B. both C. neither D. either 解析：本题考查不定代词辨析。all表示“三者及三者以上都”；both表示“两者都”；neither表示“两者都不”；either表示“两者中的任何一个”。由句意“我有两个孩子，而且他们两个都在中国的西部工作”知B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎3. Depp and Bloom try to find some lost gold. 德普和布鲁姆试图找到一些丢失的黄金。‎ try to do sth. 意为“努力做某事,试图做某事”。‎ Try to relax before you go to bed. 睡觉之前设法放松一下。‎ She tried to open the door but failed 她试图打开门，但没有成功。‎ 辨析: try to do sth.与try doing sth.‎ try to do sth：表示“努力做某事”； try doing sth. 表示“尝试做某事”‎ The doctor tried to cure the woman of her illness, so he tried treating her with new medicine.‎ 医生尽力为这个女人治病，因此他试着用新药给她治疗。‎ ‎4. Then they come face with some terrible men, and have to fight them. ‎ 后来，他们遇到一些坏人，不得不与他们展开搏斗。‎ ‎（1）face to face（with）（和……）面对面地,该短语为副词性短语，在句中作状语。‎ He sat facc to face with me. 他和我而对面坐。‎ They are talking face to face. 他们正在面对面地谈话。‎ 拓展 类似的结构还有：‎ hand in had 手拉手 arm in arm 臂挽臂 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 ‎（2）fight vi.（fought, fought）搏斗，斗争，争吵；常与介词against或with连用。‎ They fought against the enemy fiercely. 他们猛烈地打击敌人。‎ He fought with his deskmate- yesterday. 昨天他和同桌打架了。‎ ‎5. It's an enjoyable film, although in my opinion there's too much fighting.‎ 这是一部很好看的影片，虽然我觉得打斗镜头过多了。‎ ‎（1）本句为although引导的让步状语从句，although为从属连词：意为“虽然，尽管”，相 当于though。‎ Although they are poor, they are happy, 虽然他们很穷，但他们很快乐。‎ 注意 汉语中常说“虽然……但是……”，在英语中如果一个句子用了although/though，则不能再用but，但可以用副词yet或still。‎ Although he is rich, （yet）he works hard. (＝ He is rich, hut he works hard.) ‎ 虽然他很有钱，但是他工作努力。‎ 温馨提示 一定记住“用though不用but”噢！‎ ‎（2）in one's opinion （＝in the opinion of sb. ）以某人的观点，在某人看来 In my opinion, that is a good book. 照我的看法,那是本不错的书。‎ In my opinion, the house is too big. 我认力这座房子太大了。‎ ‎6. But except for that，it's an excellent film. 但是除此之外，它仍是一部出色的彩片。‎ except for... 除去……，除……以外 辨析：besides, except与except for Besides：指“除了......之外还”，具有附加性质，常与other, else等连用（包含后面的内容）‎ Except：指“除了，除……之外”，具有排他性，不包括except后面的内容，且着重强调除去的部分，不可用but代替。‎ except for：除去的和非除去的不是同类事物时，用except for（有“瑕不掩瑜”的含义）‎ All of us passed the exam besides John. 除约翰外，我们都及格了。‎ We’re all here except Mary. 除玛丽外，我们都在这儿。‎ The movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。‎ 中考链接 ‎— Do you think Brazil will beat Japan in the next match?‎ ‎— No. My friends all expect them to win _______me.‎ A. and B. except C. or D. besides 解析：and“和”；except“除……之外”；or“或”；besides“除了……还有”。由问句句意“你认为下场比赛中巴西会赢日本吗？ ”及答语中的“不”可知“除了我，我的朋友都期盼他们能赢”。‎ 故用except。答案：B ‎7. …I advise you to go and see it now. ……我建议你现在就去看。‎ advise是动词，意为“建议；劝告”,后常跟名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句。在本句中用于advise sb. to do sth.结构，意为“建议某人做某事”。‎ The doctor advised（taking）a week's rest. 医生建议休息一周。‎ I advise him to wait. 我建议他等待。‎ I advise that he go at once. 我劝他马上走。‎ 拓展 advice是advise的名词形式，意为“劝告；意见”。adviser/advisor为名词，意为“顾问”。‎ ‎8. I'm sure you'll enjoy it. 我可以肯定你会喜欢它的。‎ sure作形容词，意为“肯定的；当然的；有把握的”。‎ I think he is coming, but I'm not quite sure. 我想他会来，但我不十分肯定。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）be sure to do sth. 表示要求，意为“务必做某事；请一定做某事”，多用于祈使句。‎ Be sure to telephone me. 请一定要给我打电话。‎ be sure to do sth. 还可表示一种推断，意为“一定做某事；肯定做某事”。‎ The child is sure to be a tcacher. 这个孩子一定会成为一名老师。‎ ‎（2）be sure of / about... 表示人对某亊（物）的看法，意为“对……有把握”。其后常接名词、代词或动词ing形式。‎ I'm not sure about English grammar. 我对英语语法没有把握。‎ ‎（3）be sure + 从句，意为“确信……”。‎ I’ m sure that he will come. 我确信他会来。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. The audience is clapping and cheering. 观众在鼓掌喝彩。‎ the audience在句中作为一个整体，故谓语动词用is。audience作主语指整体时，被视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式；指成员时，被视为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。‎ There was a large audience there. 那里有很多观众。（强调整体）‎ 注意 audience表示多少时，用large或small修饰，而不用many。‎ There was a small audience. 那里有很少的观众。‎ ‎2. There's plenty of food and drink, so no one is hungry.‎ 有许多食品和饮料，所以没有人感到饿。‎ ‎（1）plenty名词，意为“富足；充足”。‎ ‎—Do you need more milk? 你还要牛奶吗？‎ ‎— No, thanks. There's plenty in the fridge. 不要了，谢谢。冰箱里还有很多呢。‎ ‎（2）plenty of意为“许多，大量，充足”，既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。‎ There's plenty of time. 时间充足。‎ There are plenty of eggs. 鸡蛋很多。‎ 注意 plenty of修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的数要与名词保持一致，多用在肯定句中；否定句中常用much或many，疑问句中常用enough。‎ There isn't much time. 时间不太多了。‎ There aren't many eggs. 鸡蛋不多了。‎ Is there enough time? 有足够的时间吗?‎ ‎3. We're all enjoying ourselves here, so come and join us.‎ 在这里我们都玩得非常离兴，所以来加入我们吧。‎ enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 Did she enjoy herself at the party? 她在晚会上玩得幵心吗？‎ We are going to enjoy ourselves at the picnic. 我们将会在野餐中玩得开心。‎ 注意 oneself与主语在数上一定要保持一致。‎ 拓展 ‎“玩得痛快，过得愉快”还有如下表达：have a wonderful/great time, have fun, play / live happily等。‎ ‎4. Relax and you'll be fine. 放松，你会没事的。‎ 句型：祈使句+ and + 表示将来的简单句（肯定意义）‎ 祈使句+ or +表示将来的简单句（否定意义） ‎ Go straight and you'll see a church. 一直向前走，你会看到一座教堂。‎ Hurry or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到。‎ 该句式可以改为含有条件状语从句的复合句。以上两句可改为：‎ If you go straight, you'll see a church. 如果你一直向前走，你就会看到一座教堂。‎ If you don't hurry, you'll be late. 如果你不快点，你就要迟到了。‎ ‎5. I didn't like the singer but other than that, I thought the concert was excellent.‎ 我不喜欢那位歌手，但除此之外，我认为这次音乐会非常棒。‎ other than 意为“除了……”，后跟名词、代词、动名词、介词短语等。‎ There's nobody here other than me. 除了我这里没有別人。‎ You can't get there other than by swimming. 你只能靠游泳到那儿去。‎ ‎6. Young singers compete to become famous pop stars. 年轻的歌手竞争以成为著名的明星。‎ compete常作不及物动词用，意为“比赛，竞争”。多用于下列结构：‎ ‎（1）compete to do sth.意为“竞争/比赛以做某事”。其中to do sth.是动词不定式短语，作目的状语。‎ Those soldiers had to compete to get the food. 那些士兵不得不竞争以获得食物。‎ ‎（2）compete for意为“为……而竞争，竞争获得……”，其后接争夺的目标。‎ Several companies are competing for the contract.‎ 几家公司正在为争取这项合同而竞争 ‎（3）compete against / with意为“与……竞争/比赛”，其后接竞争对手。‎ He’ ll compete against / with John next time. 下次他将与约翰竞争。‎ Module 7 Time off 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. I can hardly hear the traffic in the streets and no one is shouting.‎ 我几乎听不到街上车辆的声音，也没有人大喊大叫。‎ ‎（1）hardly副词，意为“几乎不”。‎ She hardly ate anything. 她几乎什么都没吃。‎ He is hardly ever late for work. 他上班几乎从不迟到。‎ 注意 ‎① hardly是否定副词，变反意疑问句时，反意疑问部分用肯定。‎ He hardly worked last year, did he?他去年几乎没工作，对吗？‎ ‎② 置于句首，句子用部分倒装。‎ Hardly can he speak a word. 他几乎说不出一句话来 辨析：hardly与hard Hardly: 只用作副词，意思是“几乎不，简直不”，它与seldom, scarcely等词一样，本身含有否定的意义，故在句中不能另加否定词。hardly位于句首时，句子采用倒装语序。‎ Hard: 既可作形容词，意为“艰难的，困难的，坚硬的”，亦可作副词，表示“拼命地，努力地”。‎ 一言辨异 He looked hard at the blackboard but could hardly see anything.‎ 他努力地看黑板，但是几乎什么也看不见。‎ ‎（2）traffic是不可数名词，意为“交通”。要形界交通的情况，我们可以用heavy, a lot of, little等词来修饰，但是不能用crowded。‎ There’ s always heavy traffic at eight in the morning. 早上八点交通总是很拥挤。‎ ‎2. I can even hear the birds singing! 我甚至能听见鸟儿在歌唱！‎ hear动词，意为“听见；听”，后面常跟名词、代词、从句或用于hear sb. do sth. 或 hear sb. doing sth.结构。‎ I heard that he was ill.我听说他病了。‎ I’ ll be glad to hear your opinion of them. 我将乐于听取你对他们的看法。‎ I heard him say so. 我听到他这么说过。‎ I can hear someone knocking at the door. 我能听到有人在敲门。‎ 注意 hear sb. do sth. 变为被动语态时，动词不定式要加to。有此类用法的动词还有 make, see 等。‎ He was heard to talk with his English teacher just now.‎ 刚才有人听到他和他的英语老师说话了。‎ 用法歌诀 感使动词好奇怪，to在句中更精彩。‎ 主动句中to拿走，被动句中to回来。‎ ‎3. Let's walk around the lake, cross the bridge and climb up to Baita.‎ 让我们沿着湖边走一走，然后过桥，爬上白塔。‎ cross动词，意为“通过”。‎ Look left and right before you cross the road. 过马路之前，要先左右看一下。‎ 辨析：cross 与 across Cross：动词，意为“穿过；越过”。主要表示在物体表面上横穿，如：横过马路、过桥、过河等。‎ Across：介词，有“横跨；横穿；穿越”之意，常与walk, go等动词连用。‎ They crossed the river by boat. 他们乘船渡河。‎ Go across the road and you will find the post office on your left.‎ 穿过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。‎ ‎4. The air is very clear today, so we'll see the whole park from up there.‎ 今天天空很晴朗，所以我们从上面能看到公园的全貌。‎ whole形容词，意为“所有的，完整的”。‎ The whole family are coming.全家人都要来。‎ Tell me the whole story. 把整个故事告诉我。‎ 辨析：all与whole All：“全部”，用于修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数，位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之前。‎ Whole：“全部”，用于修饰可数名词单数。位于冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之后。‎ He ate all his vegetables. 他把蔬菜都吃光了。‎ The whole week has passed quickly. 整个这一周很快过去了 ‎5. Well, I've phoned my teacher and I said my hand and arm hurt and I didn't want to play in the final practice.‎ 噢，我已经给老师打过电话了，告诉她我的手和胳膊疼，不想在最后一次练习时演赛了。‎ phone作动词时，意为“打电话”；作名词时，意为“电话”。‎ I phoned Bill last night. 我昨天晚上给比尔打电话了。‎ I need to make a phone call.我需要打个电话。‎ 拓展 phone sb. to do sth. 打电话给某人做某事 phone for sb. 打电话叫某人 phone sth. to sb.打电话告诉某人某事 on the phone通电话，在电话里 ‎6. …why don't we go to one of our national parks to relax—Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area?‎ ‎……我们为什么不去国家公园——武陵源历史风景名胜区去放松一下呢？‎ Why don't you…？表示建议对方做某事，口气比较直率，通常缩略为Why not...？‎ Why don't you go to school? = Why not go to school? 你为什么不去上学？‎ 英语口语中表建议的句沏有很多，其他常见句型如下：‎ ‎（1）How / What about...？后面接动词时，应用动名词形式。‎ What about having an English evening party? 举行一场英语晚会怎么样？‎ ‎（2）Shall we...? 用于建议对方和自己一起做某事。‎ ‎—Shall we climb that hill? 我们爬那座山怎么样？‎ 一Good idea! 好主意！‎ ‎（3）Let's... 表示建议对方和自己一起做某事。‎ Let's go out for a walk. 让我们出去散散步吧。‎ ‎（4）You'd better… 表示建议时，更侧重于表示劝告，有为对方着想，替对方出主意、想办法的意味。‎ You'd better not watch TV every day. 你最好不要每天都看电视 ‎7. My mother told me to get dressed and to run to school. 我妈妈让我穿好衣服并跑着去学校。‎ get dressed穿好衣服 dress的过去分词常构成get dressed与be dressed短语，前者侧重动态，后者侧重静态。‎ 表示穿何种颜色的衣服时，用介词in。‎ The boy could not get dressed. 这个男孩不会穿衣服。‎ The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着红色衣服。‎ 拓展 dress up常用作不及物动词短语，在句中作谓语，常指“打扮；化妆”，其后一般不接表示衣服的名词。‎ Mr Green sometimes dressed up in a blue coat. 格林先生有时打扮一番，穿上蓝色大衣。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. We're spending some time off with Lingling's uncle in Hunan‎ ‎Province…‎ 我们正在湖南省和玲玲的叔叔一起休假……‎ time off意思是“（正式规定的）休假或放假；休息”。‎ If you are feeling tired, you should take some time off. ‎ 如果你感到累了，你应该休息一段时间。‎ 拓展 off为形容词，也可用作副词，意为“不工作，休息；离开”。‎ The teacher gave her three days off. 老师放了她三天假。‎ They went off together. 他们一同离开了。‎ 含有off的短语有：‎ ‎（1）take off脱下，起飞 The plane took off just now. 飞机刚刚起飞。‎ ‎（2）put off 推迟 The meeting was put off. 会议被推迟了。‎ ‎（3）keep off 远离 Keep off the grass! 远离草坪！‎ ‎（4）turn off 关掉 Turn off the light before you leave the room. 在你离开房间前，关上灯。‎ ‎2. It's famous for the strange shape of its tall rocks. 武陵源因高大的怪石而著名。‎ ‎（1）be famous for 因……而著名 Guilin‎ is famous for its mountains and rivers. 桂林因其山水而闻名。‎ This place is famous for its wine. 这个地方以其酒而闻名。‎ 辨析：be famous for 与 be famous as be famous for：意为“因……而著名”，指由于某个与众不同的特性而出名 be famous as：意为“作为……而出名”，作为某种身份而为众人所知。‎ Hangzhou‎ is famous for its beautiful scenery. 杭州因美丽的风景而出名 Edison‎ is famous as an inventor. 爱迪生作为一位发明家而出名。‎ ‎（2）rock n. 岩石，石头 They climbed the steep rock. 他们攀登了那陡峭的岩石。‎ The boy threw a rock at the snake. 那个男孩朝那条蛇扔了一块石头。‎ ‎3. Some people think they look like soldiers, and others think they look like animals. ‎ 有些人认为它们像士兵，有些人认为它们像动物。‎ Some…others… 一些……，另一些……‎ The children are planting trees. Some are digging holes and others are carrying water.‎ 孩子们在种树。一些在挖坑，另一些在抬水。‎ ‎4. …few people knew about the area。……很少有人知道这个地方。‎ Few adj. 少数的，几乎没有 There are few apples in the basket. 篮子里几乎没有苹果了。‎ Few students can answer the question. 几乎没有学生能回答这个问题 辨析：few, a few, little 与a little 意义：否定（几乎没有，少） 功能：修饰可数名词few 修饰不可数名词little 意义：肯定（有些，有几个） 功能：修饰可数名词a few 修饰不可数名词a little I have few friends.我几乎没有朋友。‎ I have a few friends.我有几个朋友。‎ There's little rice in the bowl. 碗里几乎没有米饭了。‎ I can only speak a little French. 我只会说一点儿法语。‎ 注意 few, little所在句子的反意疑问句的附加部分用肯定形式。‎ ‎5. During the night，I heard a loud noise, as if someone was laughing.‎ 夜间，我听到很大的声响，好像有人在笑。‎ as if（=as though）好像，仿佛（后用虛拟语气）‎ He looked as if he were ill. 他看起来好像病了。,‎ It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 会议好像没完没了。‎ 注意 as if/though常用在It seems/looks之后，引导事实或很可能是亊实的从句时，不用虚拟语气。‎ It looks as if it's going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。‎ It looks as if he is coming. 看起来好像他要来。‎ ‎6. Lingling’ s uncle told us not to worry，and left the tent to find out what it was. ‎ 玲玲的叔叔让我们不要担心，然后出了帐蓬去看看是怎么回事。‎ ‎（1）leave 用作动词，意为“留下；丢下”。‎ He left his umbrella in the train. 他把伞丢在了火车上。‎ ‎（2）leave还可以表示“剩下”，此时常用其过去分词形式，即left。‎ I've got three tickets left for the film. 我有三张剩余的电影票。‎ ‎7. From the top we hoped for a wonderful view of the lakes and forests, but we could only see the mountain tops through the clouds.‎ 我们本来希望从山顶眺望下面的湖泊、森林，但是 只看到了云雾缭绕的山顶。‎ ‎（1）hope为动词，意为“希望”，后常跟不定式或宾语从句。‎ I hope to watch the football match again. 我希望再看一次那场足球赛。‎ I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望明天天气会好。‎ 注意 hope后跟动词不定式时，有时会省略不定式符号to后的与前面相同的内容，用以避免重复或用作简短的答语。‎ 辨析：hope和wish Hope：意为“希望”，表示对愿望的实现抱有一定的信心，这种希望往往是可以实现的。‎ Wish：意为“希望，但愿”，用以表示祝愿；后接宾语从句时，若表示不能实现的或与事实相反的事情时，从句的谓语常用虚拟语气。‎ ‎[助记]‎ Hope + for hope + to do hope + that从句 Wish+ to do sth. wish+ sb. to do sth. with+ that 从句（用虚拟语气）‎ ‎（2）through为介词，意为“透过；穿过；越过”。‎ They walked through the forest. 他们从森林中穿过。 ‎ 辨析：through, across与over Through：意为“透过，穿过；越过”，着重指从空间或物体的一头穿越到另一头，也就是说从一个物体的里面穿过。‎ Across：意为“横过”，着重指从某一物体表面的一边、一面到另一边、另一面 Over：意为“越过”，指从物体表面上方经过，不与物体接触。‎ 一言辨异 The Great Wall winds its way from west to east，across the deserts, over the mountains, through the valleys，till at last it reaches the sea.‎ 长城从西到东，穿过沙漠，越过高山，跨过深谷，蜿蜒而行，最后直达海边。‎ ‎8. I pulled a leaf off a plant... 我从树上揪下了一片叶子……‎ Pull意为“拉；拔；拖”，其含义是用力使物体向拖动者方向移动，多指一时的或突然的动 作。与之对应的是push，意为“推”。‎ The horse is pulling a cart. 这匹马正拉着辆马车。‎ Why did you pull up these young plants? 你为什么把这些小植物拔出来?‎ 拓展 pull常见短语：‎ pull sb. down使某人扫兴，贬低某人 poll sth. off 努力实现 pull together同心协力 pull sth. down毁坏，拆毁某物 pull out 驶出 pull oneself together 控制自己 ‎9. Wish you were here!多么希望你们在这儿啊！‎ 此句为虚拟语气。wish引导的句子主要表示愿望。如果要表达可能无法实现的愿望时，从句用过去时态；若指过去没有实现的愿望，则从句一般使用过去完成时；此外，wish后也可以跟动词不定式。‎ I wish I were 20 years younger. 我希望自己年轻20岁。‎ I wish I had learned to play chess. 但愿我学过下国际象棋。‎ My father wishes me to be a teacher. 我父亲希望我成为一名老师。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. Bring the children with you. 把孩子们一起带上。‎ Bring…with…意为“把……一起带来”。‎ I bring the umbrella with me. 我把伞带来了。‎ 拓展 bring动词，意为“带来”，其对应词是take“带走”，这两个词都有方向性。英语中还有一个词fetch，意为“去拿来"。take….with... 把……一起带走 Please take the book with you. 请你把这本书带走。‎ 一言辨异 I asked Lily to fetch me an English hook, hut she brought me a Chinese book, so I asked her to take it back to the teacher's office.‎ 我让莉莉去拿一本英语书，她却拿来一本汉语书，于是我让她将其拿回老师的办公室。‎ ‎2. Don't leave them alone. 不要把他们单独留在家里。‎ leave sb. alone意为“把某人单独留下；别管某人”。‎ We'd better leave him alone. 我们最好把他单独留下。‎ Just leave me alone. I’ll be OK soon.別管我，我很快就会好的。‎ ‎3.You're making a strange sound.你正在弄出一种奇怪的声音。‎ sound既可作名词,也可作动词。作名词时表示“声音；响声”。‎ She heard the sound of footsteps outside. 她听到外面有脚步声。‎ 作连系动词时，意为“听起来”。‎ Your idea sounds good. 你的主意听上去不错。‎ ‎4. Please put away your work.请收起你的作业。‎ put away意为“放起来，收起来”。‎ Put away the old books. 把这些旧书收起来。‎ 拓展 动词和副词如down，off，in，out，up等组成的动词词组，其宾语如果是名词，该名词一般放在副词之后，但也可放在副词之前；若是代词，该代词要放在副词之前。‎ Take off your coat. Turn your coat off. 脱掉你的外套 Turn off the radio. Turn the radio off. 关上收音机。‎ Take if off. 脱掉它。 Turn if off. 关上它。‎ ‎5. The Lake District National Park is in the north of England... ‎ 湖区国家公园在英格兰北部……‎ 介词in在这里表示位置，当表示一个地方在另一个地方范围之内的某个方向时,用介词in。 Shandong is in the east of China. 山东在中国的东部。‎ ‎[知识链接]‎ ‎（1）当两个平等的范围相互搭界时，表示方向用介词on。‎ Hunan is on the south of Hubei.湖南在湖北的南面。‎ ‎（2）当两个平等的范围不搭界时，表示方向用介词to。‎ Japan‎ is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。‎ ‎6. Most visitors enjoy walking around the lakes or climbing up into the mountains.‎ 大多数游客喜欢绕湖散步或者爬山。‎ ‎（1）walk around意为“到处走；随便走走”。‎ They are walking around the swimming pool. 他们在游泳池边上散步。‎ 拓展 around作介词，通常有以下几种意思：‎ ‎① 在……周围；环绕 The moon moves around the earth. 月亮绕着地球转。‎ ‎② 在那边；到那边；从那边 Our house is just around the corner. 过了拐角就是我们的房子。‎ ‎③ 向各处；到处 The visitors are walking around our school。参观者在我们学校四处走动。‎ ‎（2）climb up意为“爬上”，其反义短语为climb down“爬下”。‎ My mother climbed up the stairs. 我妈妈爬上了楼梯。‎ ‎7. The Lake District is also popular with artists who like to paint the beautiful countryside.‎ 湖区也深受那些喜欢画美丽乡村的画家的喜爱。‎ ‎（1）be popular with 受……的欢迎 She's very popular with her students. 她深受学生们的喜爱。‎ 拓展 popular作形容词，表示“群众性的；得人心的；受欢迎的；大众化的；常见的”等，后面常接with sb, 意思为“受某人欢迎”，有时接among sb. 意思是“在……人中很受欢迎”。‎ The singer is popular with young men. 这个歌手很受年轻人喜爱。‎ The song is quite popular among students. 那首歌在学生中相当流行。‎ She is a popular girl. 她是一个招人喜欢的女孩。‎ ‎（2）who like to paint the beautiful countryside 在句子中作定语，修饰名词 artists, 被称为定语从句。‎ Do you know the girl who has long hair? 你认识那个留长发的女孩吗？‎ 中考链接 The teachers ______ came for a visit are foreigners.‎ A. who H. whom C. whose D. which 解析：who谁（主格）；whom谁（宾格）；whose谁的；which哪一个。‎ 先行词the teachers是人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导。‎ 答案：A Module 8 Public holidays 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. celebrate动词，意为“庆祝"。‎ We are going to celebrate his birthday.我们打算庆祝他的生日。‎ 其名词形式为celebration，意为“庆祝；庆祝会”。‎ We held a celebration yesterday. 昨天我们举行了一场庆祝会。‎ 温馨提示 Celebrate 还可以表示“赞扬，称颂”。‎ ‎2. When do most people take a vacation? 大多数人什么时候去度假？‎ take a vacation意思是“去度假”，表示度假的短语还有spend a vacation，介词短语for vacation也可表示度假。‎ They always take vacations in Europe. 他们总是在欧洲度假。‎ He is going to Beidaihe for vacation. 他要去北戴河度假。‎ 辨析：vacation与holiday Vacation 美式英语。通常指正式规定的假期，为不工作或无课的时间，较长，可与holiday互换。‎ Holiday 英式英语。指由风俗习惯或法律规定的节假日，也可指学校假期，可长可短，但复数指较长的节日、假期。‎ ‎3. Do you do anything special? 你们做特别的事情吗？‎ 此句中的形容词special作后置定语，修饰不定代词anything。形容词修饰不定代词时，一般置于不定代词之后。‎ Is there anything wrong? 出什么问题了吗？‎ 温馨提示 此外，我们还可以用动词不定式来修饰名词或不定代词，表示某个动作到目前为止还没有发生。另外，else修饰疑问词或不定代词时，一般也要放在它们的后面。如：Anything else?（还有）别的东西吗?‎ ‎4. And while we're staying with them, we're going to spend a few days in Qingdao.‎ 他们在一起期间，我们会去青岛待几天。‎ 这是一个由while引导的时间状语从句。while引导时间状语从句时，可以表示“在/当……的时刻；和……同时”;还可作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而；然而”。‎ Someone came to see you while you were out. 你出去时，有人来找你了。‎ She always listens to the radio while she's driving. 她在开车的时候总是听收音机。‎ I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶，而她喜欢喝咖啡。 温馨提示 while，when与as 三者都是连词，意为“当……的时候”，其区别如下：‎ ‎（1）当从句中谓语动词是延续性动词时，用while和when均可。‎ You can make some notes while / when you watch English TV programmes.‎ 当收看英语电视节目时，你可以做一些笔记。‎ ‎（2）当从句中谓语动词是非延续性动词时，只能用when，不能用while。‎ Don't forget to write to me when you get there. 到了那儿，别忘了给我写信。‎ ‎（3）as强调两个动作同时进行，常译为“一边……一边……”。‎ She watched TV as she had lunch. 她边看电视边吃午饭。‎ ‎5. …but the holiday is not always on 1st May……但这个节日并不总是在‎5月1日。‎ ‎（1）not always是部分否定，意为“并不总是”。‎ The rich are not always happy. 富人未必永远快乐。‎ 拓展 当not与always, all, both等词连用时，表示部分否定。‎ Not all my friends smoke. 我的朋友并不是个个都吸烟。‎ ‎（2）表示在具体某一天或虽期几时要用介词on, 而不用in或at。‎ On Monday，we went to the zoo. 我们星期一去了动物园。‎ What happened to you on that day? 那天你发生什么事了？‎ Mary received many gifts on her birthday. 生日那天玛丽收到很多礼物。‎ 注意 表示某事发生在不确定的某一天时用the other day，而不用on。‎ 中考链接 ‎—Look！There are so many people in the park.‎ 一Nobody likes to stay at home______ Sunday morning.‎ A. in B. on C. at D. to 解析：in用在年、月、季节前； on用在具体日期前；at用在具体时刻前。由句中Sunday morning可知是具体日期，故用on。 答案：B ‎6. We go camping or we have a picnic somewhere nice, or go to the beach.‎ 我们去露营或者去一个好地方野餐或者去海滩。‎ go camping去野营，是一个动词短语。“go +v. -ing形式”常用来表示体育运动或娱乐消遣，类似的短语还有：go swimming去游泳，go fishing去钓鱼，go shopping去买东西，go hiking去徒步旅行，go skating去滑冰。‎ ‎7. When September comes, it starts to get cooler, so after Labour Day we start classes.‎ 一到9月，天气开始转凉，所以劳动节过后我们就开始上学了。‎ 本句含有一个由so引导的结果状语分句，so前面的句子含有一个由when引导的时间状语从句。‎ ‎（1）start后面可以跟动名词或动词不定式。但在以下几种情况下，一般只用动词不定式结构：‎ ‎① 当物作主语时；② start本身是-ing形式时；③ 当start后面接的动词为表示心理活动的动词，如：understand，realize 等时。‎ It started to rain.开始下雨了。‎ I was starting to get angry. 我开始生起气来。‎ I start to understand the truth 我开始明白真相。‎ ‎（2）get在句中是连系动词，后面加形容词作表语。Get cooler后面省略了than before。‎ 辨析：get, become，grow, turn与go Get 指短时间内的变化。常与形容词连用，不与名词连用 become 强调变化的结果，可以和名词、形容词、分词连用，不与动词不定式连用。‎ grow 指逐步成长而“成为”。‎ Turn 指性质、品质、状态发生变化。后面可接形容词或名词 Go 指变成某种特定的状态，往往带有向不好的方面转变的意味。后面常接形容词 The weather gets warmer.天气变得比较暖和了。‎ I become ill.我生病了。‎ It's growing cold. 天气渐渐变冷了。‎ Trees turn green. 树变绿了。‎ The food goes bad. 食物变坏了。‎ ‎8. We also go back to school as soon as the May Day holiday is over.‎ 我们也是五一节一结束就回到学校。‎ As soon as意为“……就……”，引导时间状语从句，表示主从句所述两件事情发生的时间相近。‎ The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老师进来，学生们就安静下来。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）从句通常用一般现在时表将来，而主句则用一般将来时。可简记作“主将从现”。‎ I’ ll write to you as soon as I get there. 我一到那里就给你写信。‎ ‎（2）as soon as后可接形容词possible，表示“尽可能早地……”，此时相当于as soon as it is possible。‎ I' ll call you as soon as possible. 我会尽快给你打电话。‎ ‎（3）引导时间状语从句的连词还有 when, while，before，after，until, till, as，since等。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. However, not all countries celebrate in the same way... ‎ 但是并不是所有国家的庆祝方式都相同……‎ ‎（1）however作副词，意为“可是；然而”。‎ I don’t think we can do it- however, we'll try. 我认为我们做不到——但我们要试试。‎ It’ s raining heavily. However, he goes out to work. 雨下得很大，然而，他仍去上班。‎ 辨析：however与but however 正式用语，可置于句首、句中或句末 but 非正式用语，只用于句首或句中 The watch is old. However，it is in good condition. ‎ ‎= The watch is old. It is in good condition, however. ‎ ‎= The watch is old. It is，however, in good condition. ‎ 这块手表虽然旧了，但是走得很准。‎ I’ m quiet but Li Lei is outgoing. 我好静，而李雷很外向。‎ ‎（2）not all…意为“并非所有的……都”，表示部分否定，后常接可数名鉍数。‎ All cats are animals, but not all animals are cats.‎ 所有的猫都是动物，但并不是所有的动物都是猫。‎ 拓展 ‎① not all后也可接不可数名词，表示部分否定。‎ Not all wood tends to shrink. 并非所有的木头都会收缩。‎ ‎② not all后经常接the，this, that, my, her, his等限定词或数词，共同修饰名词。‎ Not all five men are hard workers .并非5个工人全都努力工作。‎ ‎2. It can depend on the seasons, the moon or the sun. ‎ ‎（有些国家）随着季节、月亮或太阳的变化而改变。‎ depend意为“依靠；依赖；取决于”，是不及物动词，常与on或upon连用，也可单独使用。‎ I might not go. It depends on how tired I am. 我不一定去。这要看我有多累。‎ You can't always depend on your parents. 你不能总是指望你的父母。‎ We depend on the newspaper for daily news.我们靠报纸得到每天的消息。‎ 温馨提示 depend on后可接名词也可接从句，接名词时不可用被动语态。‎ ‎3. While they're waiting for the New Year, they listen to music, sing traditional songs and have fun.他们一边听音乐、唱传统歌曲、玩儿，一边等待着新年的到来。‎ have fun意为“玩得高兴”。‎ They often have fun flying kites. 他们经常放风筝玩得很高兴。‎ The children had a lot of fun with the games. 孩子们玩游戏玩得很开心。‎ 拓展 have fun doing开心地做；愉快地做 have fun with玩得高兴 for fun开玩笑地，为了乐趣 make fun of嘲弄，取笑 ‎4. … everyone shouts very loudly… ……人们大声欢呼……‎ loudly adv.大声地 Everyone began to shout loudly. 大家开始大声地喊叫起来。‎ 拓展 Loudly也可以作副词，表示“大声地（谈笑）”。‎ Don't talk too loud—the baby is asleep. 说话不要太大声——宝宝睡着了。‎ 辨析：loudly, loud与aloud Loudly：用法较正式，含有一点贬义，尤指“吵闹地，喧嚷地”，可与任何表示声响的动词搭配。‎ Loud：表示“声音大”，作形容词时，可以作表语和定语；作副词时，常与laugh, read, speak, talk等动词搭配使用，还可以与loudly替换使用。‎ Aloud：多指出声，可以让人听得见，但声音不一定很大，是副词。‎ Who is knocking at the door loudly? 谁在使劲敲门？‎ Try to sing louder. 试着再大点声唱。‎ Read the text aloud. 朗读课文。‎ ‎5.They write down a list of things... 他们会将这些决心写下来列个单子……‎ a list of 一列，一栏 He wrote down a list of names on the paper. 他在纸上写下一列名字。‎ Here is a list of English words. 这是一份英语单词表。‎ ‎6. I will help out more at home. 我将要在家多帮忙。‎ help out的意思是“帮……分担工作”。‎ Is there anything I can do to help out? 有需要我帮忙做的事情吗？‎ help sb. out 意思是“帮助某人解决难题”。‎ If you can't finish I'll help you out. 如果你做不完，我会帮你一把。‎ 注意 代词作help out的宾语时，需放在help和out的中间。‎ ‎7. When they have made their list, they read it to their family or friends and promise to follow their resolutions. 当写完新年所下的决心后，他们会读给家人或朋友听，并许诺要实现他们的决心。‎ ‎（1）promise作动词，意为“保证；发誓；允诺”，promise的用法如下：‎ ‎1. promise (not) to do sth.答应/许诺（不）做某事 You must promise not to mention it. 你必须发誓不提此事。‎ ‎2. promisc sth. to sb. /promise sb. sth. ‎ He promised the money to his grandchildren.‎ 他答应把这笔钱给他的孙子孙女们。‎ ‎3. promise + that从句 He promised that he would help me. 他答应要帮我。‎ ‎（2）resolution意为“决心；决定；议案”等，是可数名词。‎ At the beginning of this year, I made a resolution to study hard.‎ 新年开始时，我下定决心要努力学习。‎ ‎8. So it doesn't matter how they celebrate, for people in countries all over the world, it's a time to say goodbye to the old year, and to welcome the new. 因此对世界各国的人来说，如何庆祝新年并不重要，重要的是新年是人们告别过去的一年，迎接新的一年的时刻。‎ ‎（1）for people in countries all over the world 是一个插入语；to say goodbye to the old year和to welcome the new是并列的动词不定式结构。‎ ‎（2） say goodbye to…与……说再见，向……告别 She didn't even say goodbye to her mother. 她甚至没有向她母亲逍别。‎ 拓展 say sorry to... 向……道歉 say yes to 同意，赞成 say no to 拒绝 say hello to...向……问好 ‎9. Do people all over the world always celebrate the new year at the same time?‎ 全世界的人们总是同时庆祝新年吗？‎ at the same time 同时 at the same time在本句中意为“同时”，另外，还可意为“然而”，表示前后两个分句在意义上的转折。‎ We both got to school at the same time this morning. 今天早上我们俩同时到校。‎ He works hard, but at the same time he doesn't do well in his lessons.‎ 他学习很努力，然而他的功课却不好。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. Do you do your homework before you have dinner? 你在吃晚饭之前做家庭作业吗？‎ before连词，意为“在……之前”，在本句中引导时间状语从句：‎ I’ ll ring you up before I leave home. 我离开家以前将给打电话。‎ He will be back before five o'clock. 他会在5点钟以前回来。‎ 辨折：before与ago before 泛指以前，与过去时或完成时连用 ago指从现在算起若干时间以前，常与过去时连用 I've seen that film before. 我以前看过那部影片。‎ I met him a few minutes ago. 我在几分钟以前见过他。‎ ‎2. Do you get out of bed as soon as you wake up? 你—睡醒就起床吗？‎ get out of bed（= get up）起床 What time do you get out of bed every day? 你每天什么时候起床？‎ The boy got out of bed at six this morning. 这个男孩儿今天早上6点起床了。‎ 拓展 get into bed就寝 go to bed上床睡觉 in bed已经上床 I got into bed early last night. 我昨天晚上睡得很早。‎ I went to bed at ten o'clock last night. 昨天晚上我10点上床睡觉。‎ When she called, I was already in bed. 她打电话时，我已经上床了。‎ ‎3. Some people even colour their hair green for the celebration！‎ 一些人为了庆祝，甚至把他们的头发也染成绿色！‎ Colour 动词，意为“涂颜色于；着色”。‎ The little girl was colouring pictures with crayons. 这个小女孩正在用蜡笔在图画上涂颜色。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）colour名词，意为“色彩；颜色”。‎ What colour do you like? 你喜欢什么颜色？‎ ‎（2）colourful形容词，意为“富有色彩的；多姿多彩的”。 He gave a colourful account of life in Samoa. 他生动地叙述了萨摩亚群岛上的生活。‎ Module 9 Heroes 第一单元 内容详解 l. But the last piece is coming up. 但最后一支曲子马上就要开始了。‎ come up的用法：‎ ‎（1）发生；出现 The problem never came up. 从不曾出现过这个问题。‎ I'm afraid something has come up. 恐怕发牛了什么事。‎ ‎（2）被提出；被讨论 The question hasn't come up yet. 问题尚未被提出。‎ ‎（3）（指种子、草本植物等）长出地面 The seeds haven't come up yet. 种子还没有发芽。‎ 拓展 come up with意为“提出•提供”。‎ He usually comes up with some good ideas. 他通常能提出一些好主意。‎ come up with还意为“追上，赶上，跟上”。‎ We came up with the climbers at the top of the hill. 我们在山顶赶上了那些爬山者。‎ come短语集结号：‎ ‎（1）come from 来自 Tom comes from Canada. 汤姆来自加拿大。‎ ‎（2）come on加油，赶快 Come on, we ll be late for school. 快点，我们要上学迟到了。‎ ‎（3）come bark 回来 When he came back from work, it was nearly midnight.‎ 当他下班回来时，已经接近午夜了。‎ ‎2. I’m looking forward to this! 我一直期待着（听这支曲子）！‎ Look forward to盼望，期望，期待 这里的to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。‎ We are looking forward to seeing you soon. 我们盼望着早日见到你。‎ Wang Lin is looking forward to this evening's date. 王林在期待着今晚的约会。‎ ‎3. No, she missed the final practice so that Kylie could play this piece of music on her own.‎ 不，她没参加最后的排练，为的是能让凯丽独奏这支曲子。‎ ‎（1）so that主要用来引导目的状语从句。其从句中的谓语动词通常和can, may, should等情 态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便,使能够”。‎ I left at 6：00 so that I could catch the train. 我6点钟出门，以便能赶上火车。‎ You must go now so that you won't be late. 为了不迟到，你现在必须走。‎ 拓展 so that也可以引导结果状语从句，表示“以致，结果是”。‎ He got up late so that he missed the bus. 他起晚了，所以没赶上公共汽车。‎ ‎（2）on one's own (= alone) 独自，自己，也町以与 all by oneself 互换。‎ I'm all on my own today. 今天我是独自一人。‎ Kevin built a house on his own. ＝ Kevin built a house all by himself. 凯文独自盖了一栋小屋。‎ 辨析：on one’ s own 与 of one' s own on one’ s own 意为“独自，自己”，一般用作状语 of one' s own 意为“（某人）自己的”，一般用作定语 一言辩异 He has a house of his own, and the house was built on his own last year, so he is the owner of the house. 他有一座自己的房子，这座房子是去年他独自建的，所以他是该房子的主人。‎ ‎4. She said her hand hurt, but that was only an excuse. 她说她的手疼,但那只是一个借口。‎ excuse作名词时，意为“借口”，读音为/ik’ skju:s/ ；作动词时，意为“原谅”，读音为/ik’skju:z/。‎ She made an excuse for her being late. 她为自己的迟到找了个借口。‎ Please excuse me for arriving late. 请原谅我来晚了。‎ 拓展 Make / find an excuse 找借口 a good/poor excuse 好/差的借口 辨析：excuse me 与 I'm sorry excuse me 常用于要走开，打扰别人或表示异议等场合 I'm sorry 常用于犯某种错误后表示歉意 Excuse me，can you tell me the way to the station? 劳驾，你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗？‎ I'm sorry, but I can't go to work today. 很抱歉，今天我不能去上班。‎ ‎5. I imagine that she did it so that Kylie could avoid problems with her parents.‎ 我想她那么做是为了避免凯丽和她父母之间产生矛盾。‎ avoid是及物动词，意为“逃避；避免”，多指经过事先的考虑，故意避开不愿见到的人或预料中的不愉快、危险等。‎ ‎（1）avoid+名词/代词 We'd better avoid the rush hour traffic. 我们最好避开交通高峰期。‎ ‎（2）avoid + v. -ing We must avoid making the same mistake. 我们必须避免犯同样的错误。‎ ‎6. It was very brave of her. 她真有勇气。‎ 句型It’ s + adj. + of / for sb. to do sth. 表示“对某人来说，做某事是……（样子的）”，句中用介词of还是for，要取决于前面的形容词。‎ ‎（1）如果该形容词是描述后面提到的人的品质或性格的，用of。常用的形容词有Kind， nice, clever 等。‎ It is kind of you to help me. 你能帮我，你真是太好了。‎ ‎（2）如果该形容词只是描述事物，而不是对后面提到的人进行评价，则用for。常用的形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, important, dangerous等。‎ It's dangerous for you to climb that tree. 对你来说，爬那棵树很危险。‎ 注意 用of sb.的句型一般都可以转换为动词不定式作状语的句子，而用for sh.的句型则不可以。‎ It's nice of you to offer me a seat. = You are nice to offer me a seat. 你给我让座，你真好。‎ ‎7. 1t was a very kind thought这是一个非常善解人意的想法。‎ thought名词，意为“想法，考虑”。‎ Have you got any thoughts about our next holiday? 我们下个假日怎么过，你有什么想法吗？‎ After much thought he decided not to buy the car. 经过仔细考虑后他决定不买汽车了。‎ 拓展 At the thought of 一想到 Give（a）thought to 想一想，考虑一下 in thought 左思右想，在沉思 第2单元 内容详解 l. He gave his life to helping the Chinese people. 他为帮助中国人民而献出了自己的生命。‎ give one's life to... 意为“献身于……”。‎ ‎（1）give one's life to + 名词 The young man gave his life to his work. 这位年轻人为工作而殉职。‎ ‎（2）give one's life to + v.-ing（因为to是介词，故动词要换成v. -ing形式）‎ He gave his life to helping the poor. 他为帮助穷人奉献了一生。‎ The Canadian doctor gave all his life to helping the Chinese people. ‎ 那位加拿大医生为帮助中国人民奉献了一生。‎ I’d like to give my life to saving the animals. 我愿意奉献一生来拯救这些动物。‎ 拓展 lose one's life 丧命 take one's life 谋害某人 cost one's life使某人丧命 ‎2. Later he invented new treatments to help soldiers, and medical tools to use outside hospitals.‎ 后来，他发明了新的治疗方法用来帮助那些士兵，并且还发明了用于医院之外的医疗器械。‎ invent动词，意为“发明；创造”。‎ Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机?‎ When was the computer invented? 电脑发明于何时？‎ 拓展 ‎[动] invent 发明 [动]discover 发现 ‎[名] invention 发明（物）‎ ‎[名] discovery 发现（物）‎ ‎[名] inventor发明者 ‎[名]discoverer发现者 辨：invent 与 discover invent意为“发明；创造”，指“客观没有，被人发明”‎ discover 意为“发现”，指“客观存在，被人发现”‎ ‎—言辨异 Gilbert discovered electricity, and Edison invented the electric light bulb.‎ 吉尔伯特发现了电，愛迪生发明了电灯。‎ ‎3. Dr Bethune worked very hard without stopping to rest.‎ 白求恩医生努力工作，不停下来休息。‎ stop后既可以跟动名词，又可以跟动词不定式，其意思有所不问。‎ stop doing sth.表示停下doing（动名词）的动作，即“停止正在做的事”Stop to do sth.‎ 则表示停下其他事情，做to do(动词不定式）的动作，即“停下来去做某事”。‎ He stopped smoking. 他停止了吸烟。‎ He stopped to smoke. 他停下来去吸烟。‎ The students stopped talking when the teacher came in. 老师进来时，学生们停止了讲话。‎ ‎4. Once, he performed operations for 69 hours without stopping...‎ 有一次，他连续做了 69个小时的手术……‎ ‎（1）perform operations 意为“做手术”。‎ 拓展 ‎① operate on / upon意为“给……动手术”，该短语为动词短语，后接表示人的名词或代词，也可接身体的一部分。‎ The doctor performed an operation on / upon the old man. ‎ ‎= The doctor operated on the old man. 医生给这位老人动了手术。‎ ‎② have an operation意为“做手术”，该短语中的have有“进行”的意思，表示某人因健康问题而进行手术，主语常是病人。‎ The girl has just had an operation. 那个女孩刚做了一个手术。‎ 注意 do an operation的主语是医生，而不是病人。‎ The doctor did an operation on the man. 医生给那个人做了一个手术。‎ ‎（2）without是介词，含义是“没有”，后面如果接动词时，要用动词的ing形式。‎ Fish can't live without water. 鱼儿离开水就不能生存。‎ He went to school without eating any breakfast. 他没有吃早饭就去上学了。‎ ‎5. He continued working in spite of cutting his hand during an operation.‎ 尽管在做一个手术时割破了手，但他仍然继续工作。‎ in spite of短语介词，意为“尽管……”，常引导让步状语（从句）。‎ I went shopping in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨，我还是出去买东西了。‎ In spite of great efforts, I failed the exam. 尽管我付出了很多努力，我还是没通过考试。‎ 拓展 常用来引导让步状语从句的还有though和although。‎ Although/Though he was worn out, （still）he kept on working. ‎ 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。‎ Although/Though he is very old,（yet）he is quite strong.‎ 他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。‎ 中考链接 ‎______ you have tried it on, you can't imagine how pretty the new style skirt is.‎ A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. When 解析：本题考查连词的用法。because“因为”；although“尽管，既然”；unless ( = if not) “如果不”；when“当……时”。由后半句“你想象不到这条新款的裙子有多么漂亮”知前半句句意为“如果你不试穿一下”。故选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎6. In the end, he died because he did not stop to take care of his hand.‎ 最后,他由于没有停下来去医治自己的手而牺牲了。‎ ‎（1）in the end 最后 In the end, our class won the football match. 最后，我们班赢得了这场足球赛。‎ It was difficult, but I did it in the end. 这事很难，但最终我还是做成了。‎ 辨析:in the end, finally 与 at last in the end：“终于”，可用于预测将来，finally, at last则不能 finally：“最后”，只指一系列事物或论点的顺序，一般不带感情色彩。‎ at last：有时可与finally互换，但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，因而带有较浓厚的感情色彩，如不耐烦，放心、如愿等。‎ ‎（2）take care of（= look after）照顾 There was nobody to take care of him. 没有人照顾他。‎ I took care of him carefully when he was sick. 他生病时我细心地照顾他。‎ ‎7. …and he is still remembered in both Canada and China.‎ ‎…… 在加拿大和中国，他仍然被人们所怀念。‎ both…and… 的意思是“……和……都，不但……而且……，既……又……”。‎ She both speaks and writes Japanese. 她不仅会说而且还会写日语。‎ 注意 作为关联并列连词，both…and... 通常连接两个相同性质的句子成分，但有时后一个成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。另外，若连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。‎ Both she and he were pleased with the girl. 她和他都喜欢这个女孩。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. Yang Liwei joined the space programme because he wanted to be an astronaut.‎ 杨利伟加入了太空计划，因为他想成为一名宇航员。‎ ‎（1）join动词，意为“参加，加入”。‎ Why don’t you join an English club？ 你为什么不加入一个英语俱乐部呢？‎ Would you like to join us? 你愿意加入我们吗？‎ 辨析：join与take part in Join：指参加某党派、团体、军队等组织，并且成为其中一员。‎ take part in：指参加活动（比赛）或在活动中负有责任。‎ His father joined the Party last year. 他父亲去年入党了。‎ I took part in the game. 我参加了这场比赛。‎ He has lost of friends because he is friendly. 因为他很友好，所以他有许多朋友。‎ 辨析：because 与because of Because：引导状语从句，表示直接而明确的原因或理由 because of：后接名词或代词，当thanks to意为“由于”时可与其互换。‎ He didn’t attend the meeting because he had too much work to do.‎ 他因为要干的活太多，所以没有参加会议。‎ Because of illness, the boy did not go to school. 因为生病，这个男孩没有去上学。‎ ‎2. He went to university in order to become a doctor. 他去上大学为的是成为一名医生。‎ In order to意为“目的是；为了；以便”，后接动词原形，构成in order to do sth. 结构；引导目的状语。可与so that互换，但是要注意so that 后接从句。‎ I have to work harder in order to catch up with others. = I have to work harder so that I can catch up with others. 为了赶上别人，我不得不更加努力工作。‎ ‎3. Before she arrived, many soldiers died in the hospital because it was dirty.‎ 在她到达之前，许多士兵在医院里死去，因为那儿太脏了。‎ Die动词，意为“死”‎ He died in battle. 她战死疆场。‎ 辨析：die of 与die from die of：死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因），如die of illness（heart trouble, cancer, etc.）“死于疾病（心脏病、癌症等）”‎ die from：死因是由环境造成的（主要指事故等方面的外部原因），如die from an earthquake（a traffic accident, a lightning, etc）“死于地震（交通事故，雷击等）”‎ Nowadays many people die of cancer. 现在很多人死于癌症。‎ The young man died from a traffic accident. 那个年轻人死于一场交通事故。‎ Module 10 My perfect holiday 第1单元 内容详解 ‎1. There it is! 在那里！‎ 该句是倒装句，正常语序为：It is there! 在英语中，为了表示强调，特别是强调某个地点时，通常把表示地点的词或短语放在句子开头，谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语之前形成倒装。 There are your shoes. 你的鞋在那儿。‎ Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了！‎ 注意 如果主语是代词，则主语要放在谓语之前。‎ Here it comes.（车或其他事物）来了。‎ Here it is. 它在这儿。‎ ‎2. So would I 我也想！‎ 这是一个倒装句，其结抅形式是“so + 连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”，意为“某人/某物也一样”。‎ ‎— I saw the Star Trek movie last night. 我昨天晚上看了《星际旅行》这部电影。‎ ‎— So did I. 我也看了。‎ ‎— I've got too much work to do. 我有太多的工作要做。‎ ‎— So have I.我也足。‎ 拓展 ‎（1）前后两句主语不是同一个人，主谓倒装，肯定句中用so，否定句中用neither/ nor；so意为“也”，neither/nor意为“也不”。‎ ‎— I like it. 我喜欢它。‎ ‎— So do I. 我也喜欢。‎ ‎— I don't like it. 我不喜欢它。‎ ‎— Neither do I. 我也不喜欢。‎ ‎（2）前后两句主语是同一个人，主谓不倒装，so意为“的确如此”。‎ ‎— Tom works hard. 汤姆工作很努力。‎ — So he does. 的确如此。‎ 中考链接 ‎— I have changed my job.‎ ‎— ______.‎ A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have 解析：本题考查倒装句。so+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语，意思是“某人也是如此”；so+主语+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词，意思是“的确如此”。由句意我已经换了份工作。” “我也是。”可知选B。‎ 答案：B 用法歌诀 巧记so的用法 so 1 do，正常语序，“的确如此”，主语不变。‎ so do I，要倒装，表示“我也一样”。‎ I do so 放后头，代替前言免重复。‎ ‎3. I’ d be afraid that something would go wrong with the plane. 我担心飞机会出故障。‎ ‎（1）在本句中be afraid of 后跟了一个that引导的从句。be afraid的常见用法有：‎ ‎1. be afraid of意为“害怕”，后可接名词或动名词形式。‎ Marry was afraid of snakes when she was young. 玛丽小时候怕蛇。‎ Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. 不要怕犯错误。‎ ‎2. be afraid to do sth. 意为“害怕做某事”。‎ He is afraid to go there at night. 他晚上不敢到那里去。‎ ‎3. be afraid后面可跟that从句，意思是“恐怕……”。‎ I’m afraid (that) I can't go with you. 恐怕我不能和你一起去。‎ 温馨提示 Afraid是一个表语形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。‎ ‎（2）表达“……出毛病了”常用“Something goes / is wrong with…”这一句型。‎ Something has gone wrong with the television again. 电视机又坏了。‎ Something is wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出故障了。‎ ‎4. Don’t be silly! 别傻了！‎ Silly形容词，意为“傻里傻气的”。‎ It’s silly of you to trust him. 你相信他的话，真是傻。‎ Don’t be silly, Lucy. 別犯傻，露西。‎ 辨析：silly, foolish与stupid.‎ Silly：“傻”，着重于头脑简单、不懂事，有单纯、糊涂的意味 Foolish：“蠢”，着重指缺乏智慧或判断力。‎ Stupid：“笨”，着重于生理迟钝、反应迟钝。‎ ‎5．You could go by boat or by train, although it would take so long that you’d need to come back immediately. 你可以坐船或火车，但那样会花很长时间，所以你会需要立即回来。‎ So…that… 意为“如此……以致……”，so后接形容词或副词，也可以用few, little, many,mush修饰名词来表示程度，that后面的从句表结果。‎ He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor. 他病得很重，我们只好给他请医生了。‎ He was so happy that he forgot the time. 他太髙兴了，以致忘了时间。‎ 注意 ‎“So+形容词/副词+that…”结构中，如果结果状语从句是否定形式，可转换成 “too...to...”结构。‎ He was so weak that he could not walk. = He was too weak to walk. 他太虚弱了，不能走路。‎ 中考链接 You study ______ hard ______ you're sure to pass the exam.‎ ‎— Thank you for saying so. ‎ A. enough；to B. as；as C. so；that 解析：enough…to后接动词原形，不能接从句，排除A项；as... as.. . “使……一样……”，表示同级比较，不符合语境；so…that“如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句。‎ 答案：C ‎6. Your flight is now boarding. 您乘坐的航班开始登机了。‎ board可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为“上火车；上船；登机”等，此外，board还可以表示“搭伙；给……提供伙食；用木板盖/封上”等。‎ They boarded the plane at 9 am. 他们上午9点登上飞机。‎ He boards with Mr White.他和怀特先生搭伙。‎ Board the windows up，please. 请用木板把窗子封上。‎ ‎7. Stay in touch！保持联系！‎ stay/keep/get/be in touch (with sb.)表示“（与某人）保持/取得/有联系”。‎ I don't stay in touch with my friends.我没有和我的朋友们保持联系。‎ 拓展：‎ lose/be out of touch (with sb.) 表示“（与某人）失去联系”。‎ I've lost touch with all my old friends. 我与所有的老朋友都失去了联系。‎ 第2单元 内容详解 ‎1. Would life be as easy as when your parents are around? 生活会像你父母在家那样容易吗？‎ 句中用到了as...as结构，当两者进行比较，且两者之间不分上下时，可以用as...as…。但要注意，放在as…as之间的形容词或副词一定要用其原形。另外，当前面的谓语动词是连系动词时，as...as之间应用形容词；当前面谓语动词是行为动词时，as…as之间应用副词。‎ Tom is as tall as Jim. 汤姆和吉姆一样高。‎ He can run as fast as I can. 他能跑得和我一样快。‎ 拓展 not as/so…as...，表示前面比较的对象不如后面比较的对象……‎ My bag is not as/so heavy as yours. 我的书包不如你的重。‎ ‎2. The 14-year-old girl says that she knows little about cooking.‎ 这位14岁的女孩说她对做饭几乎一无所知。‎ ‎14-year-old是由“数词十名词+形容词（long/wide/high/tall/old/deep），”构成的复合形容词，常常作定语，其中名词必须用单数形式。‎ a 500—metre—long bridge一座 500 米长的桥 a two-month-old baby 一个两个月大的婴儿 在用“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词作定语时，如果数词为8，11，18，80等，前面的不定冠词用an，因为这些数词的发音的第一个音素为元音。‎ Ann is an 8-year-old girl. 安是一个8岁的女孩。‎ 中考链接 ‎“Excuse me，how can I get to the nearest bus stop?”‎ ‎“Go down this road. It's about ______ walk. ”‎ A. five minute’s B. five minutes’ C. five-minutes 解析：本题考查复合形容词的用法。five后跟可数名词的复数形式，故排除A。five后接“-”时名词应用单数形式，即five-minute。‎ 答案：B ‎3. I can fill an empty stomach with tomato and egg soup, but that's all. 我可以用番茄鸡蛋汤充饥，但仅此而已。‎ Fill是动词，意为“装满，填满”，其常用结构为fill…with...“用……装满……”。‎ He filled my glass with beer. 他绐我的杯子倒满了啤酒。‎ He filled the stocking with Christmas presents. 他在袜子里装满了圣诞礼物。‎ 拓展 fill.. with...“用……装满……”；be full of…‎ ‎“充满……，装满……”‎ Be filled with = be full of The glass is filled with / full of water. 杯子里装满了水。‎ ‎4. “…We wouldn’t know what to do, or how to look after ourselves, ”said Zheng.‎ ‎“……我们不知道要做什么或怎样照顾自己。”郑说道。‎ What to do是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作动词know的宾语。‎ 有些动词（如：show，teach，know，forget，learn，remember，understand, see，wonder，hear， explain, decide，discuss等）后面常用带疑问词的动词不定式作宾语。‎ We don’t know who/whom to ask. 我们不知道问谁。‎ Do you understand what to do? 你明白做什么了吗?‎ Have you decided where to go for your holiday? 你们决定到哪儿度假了吗？‎ 拓展 这种疑问词+动词不定式”结构实质上是一个名词性结构，可以代替一个宾语从句。把这些宾语从句简化的前提是：从句的主语必须和主句的主语或宾语是一致的。‎ Can you tell me when I should water the flowers?‎ Can you tell me when to water the flowers? 你能告诉我什么时候浇花吗?‎ 中考链接 ‎— Excuse me，could you tell me how ______ to Beijing Zoo?‎ ‎— Well, you may take Bus No. 27.‎ A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get 解析：本题考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构的用法。疑问代词who, whom, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等放在动词不定式前构成一类特殊的动词不定式，这种结构具有名词的性质，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等。句意：“劳驾，你能告诉我怎样到北京动物园吗？”“好的，你可以乘27路公共汽车。” 答案：I)‎ ‎5. Although Zheng believes that basic life skills, such as cooking and washing clothes, are especially important, she doesn’t think teenagers get enough practice. 虽然郑认为像做饭、洗衣服这些基本生活技能极其重要，但她觉得青少年得不到充分的锻炼。‎ ‎（1）在“I think/believe+宾语从句”这一主从复合句中，若宾语从句是否定的，只能否定主句，这种现象叫“否定前置”。‎ I don't think he’ ll come here. 我想他不会来这儿。‎ 注意 ‎“I don't think+宾语从句”这一主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，附加问句的主语和助动词由宾语从句的主语和谓语来决定，且要用肯定形式。‎ I don't think chickens can swim, can they? 我认为鸡不会游泳，对吗？‎ ‎（2）enough形容词，意为“足够的，充足的”，常用于名词前作定语。‎ There is enough food for ten people. 有足够 10 个人吃的食物。‎ Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就够了。‎ 拓展 enough还可作副词，意为“足够地；充分地”，常用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，放在这些词的后面。可简记作“名前形副后”。‎ Have you played enough? 你玩够了吗？‎ I'm old enough to choose my own clothes. 我足够大了，可以选择自己的衣服了。‎ They cannot walk fast enough. 他们走得不够快。‎ 中考链接 根据语境，选词填空。‎ ‎“Shall I get some flowers for my mom? ”“ No, that' s not special ______.”（enough, too）‎ 解析：enough是副词，意为“足够地”，常放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后，too则没有这种用法。‎ 答案：enough ‎6. They don’ t learn any life skills until they go to college.‎ 他们直到上了大学才学一些生活技能。‎ go to college 上大学 Do you plan to go to college? 你打算上大学吗?‎ 温馨提示 指某人上大学时，通常不用定冠词the；如果是另有原因到大学去才用the。‎ He's going to college in October. 他10 月份就要上大学了。‎ He went to the college to listen to a concert last week. 他上星期到那所大学去听音乐会了。‎ ‎7. In his opinion, many teenagers depend too much on their parents, and there is much more to learn than cooking, like“tidying up your room or even dressing yourself properly”。‎ 在他看来，很多青少年过于依赖父母，除了做饭以外，还有很多要学习的，比如说“整理自己的房间，甚至恰当地穿衣打扮”。‎ ‎（1）depend on依靠，依赖 The price depends on the quality. 价格由质量决定。‎ ‎（2）dress oneself 指“穿衣服”，dress的宾语是人而不是衣服。dress作名词时，含义是“服装，女装”。‎ Please hurry up and dress yourself. 请赶快穿好衣服。‎ The mother is dressing the baby. 那个妈妈正在给孩子穿衣服。‎ The dress is fit for you. 这套衣服适合你。‎ 拓展 动词dress可构成短语dress up，意为“乔装打扮，穿上最好的衣服”。get dressed“穿衣，打扮”。‎ The children are dressing up as pirates. 孩子们正在装扮成海盗。‎ She likes to dress up for a party. 她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮地去参加晚会。‎ ‎8. For most teenagers it wouldn’ t be a holiday at all.‎ 对于大多数的青少年来说，这根本就算不上假期。‎ Not…at all意为“一点儿也不……”，用在否定句中，加强语气。‎ He doesn’t like to learn history at all. 他根本不喜欢学习历史。‎ I didn’t enjoy that party at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢那次聚会。‎ 拓展 Not at all. 意为：“没关系”。“一点也不。”另外，它还有“不用谢。”的意思，相当于：‎ You’re welcome./It’s my pleasure.‎ 试比较：‎ ‎— Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打扫院子吗？‎ ‎— No, not at all. 不，一点儿也不介意。‎ ‎— Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。‎ — Not at all. 不用谢。‎ 第3单元 内容详解 ‎1. Taking off is noisy, but it’ s silly to be afraid.（飞机）起飞有噪音，但是害怕是可笑的。‎ Take off的用法：‎ ‎（1）（飞机等）起飞 Our plane took off at 8:00 yesterday. 我们的飞机是昨天 8:00 起飞的。‎ ‎（2）脱下（衣服）‎ Don't take off your coat. It's very cold today. 别脱下大衣，今天天很冷。‎ 中考链接 It’s very hot here. Why not ______ your coat?‎ A. put on B. try on C. take off D. turn off 解析：本题结合语境考查动词短语辨析。put on“穿上”；try on“试穿’；take off“脱下”；turn off“关闭”。由前半句“这儿很热”知C项符合题意。‎ 答案：C ‎2. On a long flight, they provide food, so passengers aren't travelling on empty stomachs. 在很长的飞行中，他们提供食物，所以旅客们并不是空着肚子旅行。‎ provide意为“提供；供应；供给”，其常见用法有：‎ ‎（1）provide sth.提供某物 Sheep provide wool. 羊产羊毛。‎ ‎（2）provide sb. with sth.或 provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人某物 The sun provides us with light and heat.‎ ‎= The sun provides light and heat for us. 太阳带给我们光和热。‎ ‎3. You go to the airport and see them off. 你去机场为他们送行。‎ see... off表示“为……送行”。‎ I went to the airport to see him off. 我去机场为他送行。‎ ‎4. You say, “It’ s fine. I’ ll manage.”你说：“这很好，我会应付好一切的。”‎ manage动词，意为“设法做到”。‎ The box was heavy but he managed to carry it. 这个箱子很重，但是他设法搬动了。‎ ‎[搭配]‎ manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 辨析：manage to do sth.与 try to do sth.‎ manage to do sth. 表示“设法做成了某事”，强调结果。‎ try to do sth. 表示“试图做；设法做”，强调动作，不表示成功与否。‎ How did you manage to get there? 你是怎么设法到达那里的？‎ We'll try to improve our teaching methods. 我们将设法改进教学方法。‎ ‎5. The floor, roof and walls are all made of ice. 地板、房顶和墙都是用冰做的。‎ be made of… 由……制成 The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是用木头做成的。‎ 辨析：be made of, be made from, be made into. be made by与be made in 成品 + be made+ of+材料（不变质）‎ 成品 + be made+ from+材料（变质）‎ 材料 + be made into +成品 成品 +be made by+制造者 成品 + be made in+产地 The House is made of wood. 这房子是用木头建造的。‎ Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是用葡萄酿的。‎ Grapes are made into wine. 葡萄被用来酿葡萄酒。‎ The table is made by his father. 这张桌子是他父亲做的。‎ The car is made in Japan. 这辆汽车是在日本制造的。‎ 中考链接 ‎— Can you tell me how to make apple juice?‎ ‎— Sure. Please watch carefully and you will see how it ______.‎ A. is made B. is making C. makes D. will make 解析：本题考查被动语态。主句中“you will see”用了一般将来时，从句可以根据需要用任何时态。从句中主语it与谓语动词make之间是被动关系，故选A。‎ 答案：A