牛津英语模块三名词性从句详解及配套高考练习

牛津英语模块三名词性从句详解及配套高考练习

模块三Unit1名词性从句 ‎ 一、概述 在句子中起名词作用的从句称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。‎ 二、名词性从句的引导词 ‎1、连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever等 ‎2、连接副词：when, where, why, how等 ‎3、从属连词: that, whether, if, as if, because (as if, because 只引导表语从句)‎ 连接代词和连接副词在句中不再是疑问词，因而从句中用陈述语序。‎ 三、用法详解 ‎（一）主语从句 ‎1、主语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether引导。that不可省略。‎ ‎ That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.‎ Whether John can do the experiment remains a question.‎ ‎ Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.‎ What surprised me most was that such a little girl can play the violin so well.‎ ‎2、当主语过长时，常常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句放在主句后面。常用句型有：‎ 1) It +be +形容词（true, possible, certain, likely, surprising, strange, important…）+ that从句 It’s certain that she will do well in the exam.‎ It’s likely that he will tell me everything about that night. ‎ 2) It +be +名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a pity, high time等）+that 从句 It’s a pity that he can’t come.‎ It’s high time that you turned in your homework.‎ 3) It +be +过去分词（said, reported, expected, supposed等）+that 从句 It’s said that he is quite self-confident.‎ It’s reported that a letter from the university has reached him.‎ 4) It +seem/ happen/look as if等+that从句 t It seems that Alice is not coming.‎ It happened that I was a witness to the accident.‎ 5) It +doesn’t matter(make no difference)+wh-‎ It doesn’t matter whether you know my name or not.‎ It makes no difference to me where we shall have the meeting.‎ 高考名词性从句试题 一、主语从句 ‎1. _____________ you don’t like him is none of my business. ‎ ‎ A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether ‎2. _____________ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. ‎ ‎ A. There B. This C. That D. It ‎3. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (1996)‎ ‎ A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where ‎4. ________ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. ‎ A．This B．That C．What D．It ‎ ‎5. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself. ‎ A. how B. what C. which D. when ‎6. _______ matters most in learning English is enough practice. ‎ A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ‎7. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. ‎ A. It B. What C. As D. Which ‎8. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. （北京）‎ A. Whether B. What C. That D. How ‎9. It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. ‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. how D. whether ‎（二）宾语从句 ‎ 1、宾语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, if引导。可做及物动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。这些形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。如：‎ ‎ They promised (us) that they would respect our privacy. ‎ ‎ Do you know whether/if any decision has been arrived at?‎ Scientists demand to know when and where they are wrong.‎ We were rather disappointed that you were not able to come yesterday.‎ ‎2、在make, find, see, consider等后+it作形式宾语，如：‎ We consider it necessary that we should finish our homework in time.‎ ‎ He has made it clear that he won’t agree to the plan. ‎ ‎ People in ancient times took it for granted that the earth was flat.‎ ‎3、介词后面的宾语从句一般不能由that直接引导, 只有在except, in等少数词后，而且that不可省略。‎ His composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes.‎ ‎ He differs from his classmates in that he devotes his spare time to reading.‎ The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ‎ He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.‎ 要不是他当时手头紧，他会帮助我们的。‎ ‎4、其他一些词后常要用it先行一步再接宾语从句：‎ ‎ depend on it that…‎ ‎ see to it that…‎ ‎ appreciate it that…‎ ‎ hate/like/dislike it when…‎ ‎ You can depend on it that they will support you.‎ ‎ I hate it when people speak with their mouths full of food.‎ ‎ Please see to it that the door are locked.‎ ‎ 5、doubt一词肯定句中用whether/if引导宾语从句，在疑问句和否定句中只能用that引导。‎ I doubt whether really understand me.‎ I don’t doubt that he will come on time.‎ Do you doubt that he will come on time?‎ ‎6、宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：‎ ‎（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略。The boy thinks, in fact, that smoking is bad for his health.‎ ‎（B）在非正式文体中，由that引导的宾语分句中，从属连词that常省略，但是如果有两个that分句同时作句子的宾语时，第二个that通常不能省略，以免引起歧义。‎ I understand (that) you have studied Chinese, and that you have written Chinese poetry.‎ She denied (that) she had seen the men and that she had been in touch with him.‎ 二、宾语从句 ‎10. It was a matter of ____________ would take the position. ‎ ‎ A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever ‎11. We haven't settled the question of ________ it is necessary for him to study abroad. ‎ A. if B. where C. whether D. that ‎12. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly ______ he wants. ‎ ‎ A. what B. which C. when D. that ‎13. We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.‎ ‎  A. that B. as C. why D. when ‎ ‎14. I think Father would like to know _______ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a  quick note. ‎ ‎  A. which B. why C. what D. how ‎ ‎15. A modern city has been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago . ‎ ‎  A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎16. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ________ I thought was a dangerous speed. ‎ ‎     A. as B. which C. what D. that ‎17. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game . ‎ A. why B. what C. who D. that ‎18. The way he did it was different we were used to.‎ ‎ A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which ‎ ‎19. Parents are taught to understand _____ important education is to their children’s future.‎ A. that B. how C. such D. so ‎20. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ______ silly mistakes I had made.‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. how D. which ‎21. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.‎ A. which B. that C. what D. whether ‎22. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. ‎ A. where B. when C. how D. what ‎23. I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited. ‎ A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is ‎24. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for. ‎ ‎ A. what B. why C. how D. whether ‎25. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is. ‎ A. what B. which C. how D. where ‎26. You can only be sure of ______ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ________ you might get in the future. ‎ A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that ‎27. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. ‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. who ‎28. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.‎ A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever ‎29. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.‎ A. what B. which C. that D. how ‎ ‎30. Many young people in the West are expected to leave __    could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. ‎ A. as              B. that             C. which        D. what ‎31. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait for her mother.‎ A. where B. what C. how D. who ‎ ‎32. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. ‎ A. who B. where C. what D. how ‎33. ---Have you finished the book?‎ ‎---No, I’ve read up to _________the children discover the secret cave. ‎ A. which B. what C. that D. where ‎34. Students are always interested in finding out ______ they can go with a new teacher. ‎ A．how far B．how soon C．how often D．how long ‎35. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . ‎ ‎ A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering ‎ C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering ‎（三）表语从句 ‎1、表语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, as if, because引导。引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。‎ ‎ The trouble is that I have lost the document. That is where she was born.‎ My anger is because he often tell lies. It looks as if we will be late.‎ My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.‎ ‎2、注意点：‎ ‎(1) Suggestion, decision, advice, idea, proposal, order, demand等作主语的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟should+动词原形。‎ My suggestion is that we should give him another chance.‎ Her requirement is that she should be sent to Tibet to work.‎ ‎(2)主句主语是reason时, 表语从句只能用that引导，不能用because。句子结构为：‎ The reason why…is that…‎ The reason why he was late for school was that he missed the bus.‎ ‎◆◆◆◆但如果it/this/that等作主语时，可用because引导表语从句：It/This/That is because…‎ ‎ That was because he had been ill.‎ ‎36. ---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.‎ ‎---Is that ____________ you had a few days off? ‎ A. why B. when C. what D. where ‎37. _____________ she couldn’t understand was _____________ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. ‎ ‎ A. That; what B. What; why C. What; because D. Why; that ‎38. What the doctors really doubt is ___________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.‎ ‎ A. when B. how C. whether D. why ‎39. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. ‎ ‎ A. when B. why C. whether D. that ‎40. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are. （2007年浙江）‎ ‎ A. where B. what C. when D. why ‎ ‎41. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.‎ ‎ A. where B. how C. when D. why ‎ ‎42. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. ‎ A. that B. how C. what D. why ‎43. ---I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.‎ ‎ ---That’s_______I don’t agree.You should have a more active life. ‎ A. where B. how C. when D. what ‎44. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. ‎ A. what B. that C. why D. whether ‎（四）同位语从句 ‎1、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。这些名词有：fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, suggestion等。‎ The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many people..‎ The question who should do the work requires consideration.‎ ‎2、分隔现象：同位语从句有时与从句分开。如：‎ My suggestion has been taken that we should collect money for the poor girl.‎ An idea occurred to him that he might go there by air.‎ 3、 同位语从句和定于从句的区别：‎ ‎①同位语从句是队前面的名词补充说明；定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰限定作用。‎ ‎②同位语从句中的that只起连接作用，不担任句子成分，不可以省略；定语从句中的that除了起引导作用外还在定于从句中担任主语或宾语或表语，任宾语时可以省略。区别：‎ The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy snow is coming.‎ The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy. ‎ ‎4、注意点 ‎1、whether和if的区别 ‎（1）在宾语从句中可互换，但当宾语从句是否定时只用if。‎ ‎ He asked me if I hadn’t finished my homework.‎ ‎（2）在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether。‎ ‎（3）当与or not 联用时只能用whether。‎ ‎（4）在动词不定式前面只能用whether。如：They haven’t decided whether to go.‎ ‎（5）在介词后只能用whether。如：It depends on whether we have enough time.‎ ‎2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致 ‎ ‎（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如： ‎ Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here? ‎ The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. ‎ ‎（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如： ‎ When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet. ‎ When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet. ‎ When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. ‎ 四、同位语从句 ‎45. ____________ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.‎ ‎ A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether ‎46. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. ‎ A. that B. which C. until D. if ‎47. ---Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?‎ ‎---No problem.‎ A. When B. that C. whether D. what ‎48. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____________ road conditions need ____________.‎ ‎ A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved ‎ C. where; improving D. when; improving ‎ ‎49. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. ‎ ‎  A. when            B. where    C. what D. that ‎50. Danby left word with my secretary ________ he would call again in the afternoon.‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. as D. which ‎51. --- It’s thirty years since we last met. ‎ ‎   --- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __________  we got lost on a rainy night. ‎ ‎    A. which  B. that  C. what  D. when ‎52. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class   he had to meet his uncle at the airport. ‎ A. why B. that 　　 C. where   D. because ‎53. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.‎ A. what B. which C. that D. though ‎54. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing‎ ‎University. ‎ A. which B. what C. that D. where ‎55. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.‎ ‎     A. which B. that C. what D. whether ‎56. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎57. We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.‎ A. that     B. when C. which    D. where