高一英语教案：第17讲 宾语从句

高一英语教案：第17讲 宾语从句

辅导教案 学员姓名： 学科教师：‎ 年 级： 高一 辅导科目：英语 ‎ 授课日期 ‎××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 宾语从句 教学内容 ‎（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）‎ ‎1. 掌握宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词；‎ ‎2. 能够在具体的语境中灵活运用定语从句。 ‎ 教学建议：‎ 1. 此部分主要让学生了解宾语从句的用法及在句子中位置。‎ 2. 让学生来猜测句子所表达的含义 3. 对阿甘正传的背景知识进行适当的补充。‎ 为什么说巧克力而不说棒棒糖呢，因为在美国巧克力通常有十二快或二十四块，每个都有不同的包装和口味形状和颜色，以前没有标志。只能拆开放在嘴里，品尝了之后才知道个中滋味。 ‎ Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you're gonna get.‎ ‎——《Forrest Gump》‎ 教学建议： ‎ ‎1. 此部分内容较多，建议老师根据学生的程度选择使用；‎ ‎2. 对于程度中等及偏上的学生可采用以教带学的方式，每个学生负责一个知识点进行讲解，辅以对应的练习来检测学生掌握情况，对于学生错误较多之处老师进行重点讲解和拓展；‎ ‎3. 对于程度中等以下的学生，老师需要对没一个考点逐一进行讲解；‎ ‎4. 较简单的课堂练习可以采取边做边讲或者现场提问的形式以节约课堂时间。‎ 一． 宾语从句的关系词 连接词：从属连词，连接代词，连接副词 引导词有连词that (that 常可省略),whether, if; ‎ 代词有who, whose, what ,which；‎ 副词 when ,where, how, why 等。‎ 填空练习：‎ ‎1) Will you tell me I can keep healthy.‎ ‎2) He asked book it was.‎ ‎3) I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.‎ ‎4) His mother is satisfied with he has done.‎ ‎5) I want to know she is looking after.‎ ‎6) I don’t know you are right.‎ Keys: how whose that what who/ whom if/ whether 二． 及物动词后的宾语从句： 1）由从属连词引导的宾语从句 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.  2）由连接代词引导的宾语从句 She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 3）由连接副词引导的宾语从句 I wonder why she refused my invitation. ‎ 三. 介词后的宾语从句： ‎ ‎1）I always think of how I can improve my spoken English. 2）The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. ‎ 四． 某些形容词后的宾语从句： 1）I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work. 2） We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.  ‎ 五． 非谓语动词后的宾语从句： 1）Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing.  2） On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “ Terrible ”.  ‎ 练习：选择最佳答案。（12年一模）‎ ‎1 Undoubtedly speaking, Jobs’ digital products are of great benefit to _____ applies them at work.‎ ‎ A. whoever B. whatever C. who D. what ‎2. You can’t tell what we are discussing here to _______ you think may be related to the case.‎ ‎ A. whoever B. who C. whomever D. whom ‎3. —Mum, why do you keep staring at me? Have I done anything wrong?‎ ‎ —You look stupid! The way you are dressed is ______ annoys me most.‎ ‎ A. which B. where C. how D. what ‎4.The term “culture” really means _____ you believe to be normal. This includes anything from the food you eat to the expectations you have in life. ‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. which D. why ‎5. Someone else defines who they are and they stand for as public figures.‎ A. whether B. that C. what D. how ‎6. Employers often give jobs to they believe has work experience and a strong sense of duty.‎ ‎ A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. whom ‎7. The fact that fun is not equal to happiness may be the opposite of ______ many people actually understand.‎ A. why B. that C. which D. what ‎8. In order to drag Greece out of the current economic hardships, the newly-elected premier(总理) is ready to overcome ______ might face the country.‎ A. whichever B. whoever C. however D. whatever ‎9. These reference books donated by a non-profitable organization are available for _______ wants to have it. ‎ A. anyone B. someone C. who D. whoever 答案：1-5 BADAC 6-9 ADDC 六. 形式宾语it 引导的宾语从句，一般谓语动词是及物动词 consider、find、make、regard、see、take、think等 1）We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.  2）I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.  ‎ ‎3）He always takes it for granted that he can pass the exam without hard work.‎ 练习: 翻译下面句子。 ‎ ‎1.我发现自己在公众面前很难表达自己的观点。（… it …）‎ I find it hard to express myself in public.‎ ‎2.你认为有必要再学一门外语吗？(…it…)‎ Do you think it necessary to learn a new foreign language? ‎ ‎3．虽然交通被认为是这个地区最严重的问题之一，但是当地政府所采取的行动还远不尽如人意。( it)‎ Although it’s accepted that traffic is one of the most serious problems in this area, the action (that) the local government is taking is far from (being) satisfactory.‎ ‎4.石油的燃烧污染环境，因此许多国家认为目前发展清洁能源是很重要的。（it）‎ The burning of oil pollutes the environment so many countries think it important to develop clean energy right now. ‎ ‎5. 高速铁路的发展使我们的出行更便捷了。（it）‎ The development of high-speed railway has made it more convenient for us to travel around.‎ 三、宾语从句的语序与语态 ‎1. 从句要用称述句语序 I’m not sure when they will start.‎ He told me why he didn’t come yesterday.‎ ‎2. 宾语从句的时态特点 宾语从句的时态有时受主句时态的影响。‎ ‎ 1） 主句使用现在时（包括一般现在时与现在完成时）时，从句可以使用任何时态，从句时态可以与主句一致，也可以根据从句本身的需要使用各种时态。 I think you are right.  I think you were wrong at that time.  I think she’ll come in time. I think he has already finished his homework.  I doubt whether he is telling the truth.  She has told me that she has never been to the Great Wall.  ‎ ‎ 2）主句使用过去时，从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态以外，一律使用过去时态。 He said that the earth turns around the sun . 从句中含有过去时间状语时，使用一般过去时。 I didn’t think he was wrong yesterday.  从句中没有过去时间状语，但谈论的是过去发生的事实或从句含有完成时态状语时，常用过去完成时。 I didn’t think he had been wrong . 从句中含有将来时间状语或虽不含有时间状语，但却是谈论未来发生的事实，使用过去将来时。 I wondered whether you would mind doing me a favor.‎ ‎3. 要注意的几个问题 ‎1）后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 ‎ 这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如： ‎ I admire their winning the match. (right) ‎ I admire that they won the match. (wrong) ‎ ‎2）不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 ‎ 有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句”结构中，常见的有: envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。‎ 例如： ‎ He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) ‎ He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) ‎ 练习：选择最佳答案。（12年二模）‎ ‎1. It is not always easy for the public to see ____________ use a new invention can be of to human life. ‎ ‎ A. whose B. what C. which D. that ‎2. It even leaves the scientists in wonder _____ they should call the newly-born creature, which looks half-human and half-animal. ‎ A. that B. why C. what D. how ‎3. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained in the World Expo site. ‎ A. what      B. when        C. which      D. where ‎4. Consumers are getting more sensible and buy only _____ they need in spite of all the advertisements they see. ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. whether ‎5. Chinese medical experts have warned _____ antibiotics(抗生素) have been “heavily overused” at hospitals, which might cause serious side-effects. ‎ ‎ A. what B. whether C. that D. why ‎6.The manager seems never to be satisfied with ______ the company has achieved. ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. how ‎7. The manager will put ______ he thinks has a strong sense of duty in the leadership position. ‎ A. anyone  B. whoever C. whomever D. who ‎8. Deep in the Atlantic Ocean, explorers have found may be the most valuable sunken treasure in history. ‎ ‎ A. where B. what C. that D. which ‎9. Recently, the Chinese government gave some examples of _______ Dalai Lama’s visiting foreign countries had affected China.‎ A. that B. what C. how D. whether ‎ ‎10. How we express our ideas sometimes means more than _____ we mean to say. ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. why ‎11. They wonder _____ someone who wants to be a telecom engineer should study subjects such as history, literature, philosophy, etc. ‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. how D. why ‎12. Best-selling author and race car driver Han Han offered a 20 million RMB reward to ________ could prove his works were ghostwritten (代笔)。‎ A. no matter who B. who C. whoever D. whomever keys： 1-5 BCABC 6-10 ABBCA 11-12 DC 教学建议：‎ 1． 规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；‎ 2． 相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ 3． 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；‎ 4． 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。‎ A. 选择最佳答案。（11年二模）‎ ‎1. Linda, make sure the tables _________before the guests arrive.‎ A. will be set B. set C. are set D. shouldn’t ‎2. The firefighter was injured in putting out a big fire, so we should be prepared to do_____________takes to save his life A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whomever ‎3. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from_____________ their parents speak at home.‎ A. one B. that C. which D. what ‎4. They didn't discover until they happened to enter the back room ______ someone had stolen the priceless painting A. that B. what C. which D. when ‎5. She swept the soil away and found herself standing on ______ seemed a pavement.‎ A. what B. which C. who D. that ‎6. In the third and fourth columns of your monthly budget, list _____ you expect to spend your money on and the amount. ‎ A. what B. how much C. how D. which ‎7. A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading to the arrest of the bank robbers. ‎ ‎ A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. whom ‎8. Don’t you think citizens are increasingly concerned about ____ next season?‎ A. will the estate prices keep rising ‎ B. if the estate prices will keep rising ‎ C. whether the estate prices will keep rising ‎ D. how much will the estate prices keep rising ‎ ‎9. As we all know, the start of a new year is the perfect time to think about________ you want to accomplish. ‎ A. that B. which C. What D. how ‎10. -- It's reported that a new underground line has been completed.‎ ‎--Yes, but it hasn't been made clear ________ it's to be open to traffic A. that B. when C. what D. who ‎11. Although China's population is steadily increasing, it's hard to know exactty____________ the population is at a certain time for statistics experts.‎ A. what B. how many C. how much D. which ‎12. A good volunteer should not only display his or her own good image but also see to it ____the visitor gets the exact information he needs.‎ A. that B. which C. how D. where ‎13. A US office worker has invented ______ will likely go down as the most useful workplace gadget(小玩意):a device that lets you know when your nearest WC is free.‎ A. what B. that C. which D. who ‎14. They must realize that _______they want to finish this report will be doing it under a lot of pressure.‎ ‎ A. who B. whoever C. no matter who D. whom ‎ KEYS: 1-5 CCDAA 6-10 AACCB 11-14 AAAB B. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎(A)‎ ‎ “Down-to-earth” means someone or something that is honest, realistic and easy to deal with. It‘s a pleasure to find someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to accept other people equals. A down-to-earth person is just the opposite of (1)______ acts important or proud. ‎ ‎ Down-to-earth persons may be important members of society. But they do not let their importance ―go to their heads.‖ They do not consider themselves to be better persons than others of (2)______ (little) importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, often without cause, is said ―to have his nose in the air. ‎ Americans use another expression that means almost (3)______same as ―down-to-earth, The expression is ―both –feet-on-the-ground‘. Someone with both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good understanding of reality. He has what is called ―common sense. He (4)______ have dreams, but he does not allow them (5) ______ (block) his knowledge of what is real. ‎ The opposite kind of person is one who has ―head-in-the-cloud‖. A man with his head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer (6)______ mind is not in the real world. Sometimes such a person can be brought back to earth. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. ‎ Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very likely to have both feet on the ground. When we have both feet on-the-ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly toward others. Our lives are like the ground (7) ______ us, solid and strong. ‎ ‎(B)‎ Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a (8)______ (confuse) experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps (9)______ (illustrate) the talk with slides, and giving out assignments. The new student sees the other students continuously (10)______ (write) on notebooks and wonders what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture with notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand. ‎ Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skills they need to be effective listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which enable learners (11) ______ (practice) these skills independently. In all cases it‘s important to deal with the problem (12)______ actually starting your studies. ‎ It‘s important to acknowledge that most students have difficulty (13)______ (acquire) the language skills (14) ______ (require) in college study. One way of overcoming these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skill classes (15) ______ most institutions provide throughout the academic year. Another basic strategy is to find study partner with 16)______ it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.‎ Keys: 1. who 2.less 3. the 4. may 5. to block 6.whose 7. below 8. confusing 9.illustrating 10.writing 11. to practice 12.before/.when 13.acquiring 14.required 15.that/which 16. whom ‎ C. Translation. ‎ ‎1.我认为离家独自生活一段时间，对他而言是非常宝贵的经历。(it)‎ I think it a valuable experience for him to leave home and live on his own for some time. ‎ ‎2.我们学校规定学生不可将手机带进校园。 (make it a rule )‎ Our school makes it a rule that students mustn’t bring their mobile phones to campus.‎ ‎(…that students are not allowed to bring their cell phones to school.) ‎ ‎3.各种各样的媒体使我们有可能及时地获得许多有价值的信息。(it)‎ Different kinds of media make it possible that we obtain a large amount of valuable information in time. ‎ ‎4.普遍认为，学生不该将手机带进校园。(It)‎ It is generally accepted/thought that students shouldn’t take mobile phones/cell phones to the campus/school.‎ ‎5.我们应该记住：与他人谈话时要敞开心扉，真诚待人。（it）‎ We should keep it in mind that we should be open and honest with others in a conversation./when ( we are ) talking with others. ‎ ‎（以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾）‎ 教学建议： ‎ ‎1. 规定学生在30分钟内完成；‎ ‎2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；‎ ‎3．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ ‎4．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充；‎ ‎5．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。‎ ‎【巩固练习】‎ A. Choose the best answer. ( 11年一模)‎ ‎1. Contrary to the opinion of the members, the president should appoint ________ he thinks can do the job most adequately. ‎ ‎ A. who B. whom C. whomever D. whoever ‎2. Research shows when people are shut up together, they're in is called a stress situation.‎ A. that B. how C. what D. why ‎3. We will discuss _____ information is, or can be, organized in the course of Journalism. ‎ A. that B. what C. whether D. how ‎4. All the people wondered eagerly _______ caused the serious building fire in Jiaozhou Road in Shanghai.‎ A. what was it that B. what it was that ‎ C. how it was that D. why it was that ‎5. Everyone found___ strange it was for Mr. Wang to arrive so early, he was always the last to get to.‎ A. how B. which C. that D. what ‎6. They refused to admit Paul to the performance because of___ he was wearing. ‎ A. what B. how C. that D. which ‎7. When I try to understand ________________ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. ‎ A. why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is ‎8. Prof. Lee's book will show you________________ can be used in other contexts.‎ A. that you have observed B. that how you have observed C. how that you have observed D. how what you have observed ‎9. Physics is the present-day equivalent of _____________ used to be called natural philosophy, from which most of present-day science arose.‎ A. that B. all C. which D. what ‎10. His parents don’t care _________he manages his pocket money, but one thing is for sure: the money spent must be worthwhile. ‎ ‎  A. when           B. where        C. whether           D. how ‎11. After three years of preparation, Shanghai has presented the world many say is the greatest World Expo. ‎ A. when B. what C. where D. which ‎12. A Belgian French-language daily has issued _______ is thought to be Europe's first 3D newspaper —complete with cardboard viewing glasses. ‎ A. what B. where C. that D. which ‎13. I was grateful to the repairman for helping me get back was accidentally deleted by myself. ‎ A. which B. those C. what D. That keys：1-5 DCDBA 6-10 ACDDD 11-13BAC B. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the ‎ other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎     For many years, I was convinced that my suffering was due to my size. I believed that when the weight disappeared, it would take old wounds, hurts, and rejections ____29____ it.           Many weight-conscious people also mistakenly believe that____30____ (change) their body will fix ____31____. Perhaps their worst mistake is believing that being thin equals being loved, being special, and being cherished. We fantasize (幻想) about what it will ____32____ (be) like when we reach the long-awaited goal. We work very hard to realize this dream. Then, at last ,we find ourselves there.            But we often gain back what we have lost. Even so, we continue to believe that next time it will be different. Next time, we will keep it off. Next time, being thin will finally fulfill its promise of everlasting happiness, self-worth, and of course, love.           It took me a long while ____33____(realize) that there was something____34____(much) for me to learn about beauty. Beauty standards vary with cultures. InSamoa, a woman is not considered attractive ____35____ she weighs morethan 200 pounds. More importantly, if it's happiness ____36____ we want, why not put our energy there rather than on the size of our body? Why not look inside? Many of us strive (努力,奋斗) hard to change our body, but in vain. We have to find a way to live comfortably inside our body and make friends with others and cherish ourselves. When we change our attitudes toward ourselves, the whole world changes.‎ KEYS: With, changing, everything, will be, to realize, more, unless, that A. The following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ A. periodically B. investment C. temporarily D. requires E. purchase ‎ F. management G. associated H. equipment I. occurs J. including K. expenses ‎ Owning a horse involves a considerable amount of time, dedication and hard work. If kept confined, a horse____37____ care every day. Owners must be prepared to spend more time caring for the horse than riding it. Someone has to feed, water, groom and exercise the horse daily.‎ ‎ Horse ownership has many costs, which may run from$600 to more than$ 4,000 per year. First, one must consider the initial____38____ required to____39____ a horse. This can vary form a few hundred to several thousand dollars. One must also consider the costs of board(if required), feed and bedding. A preventive medicine program is also required to prevent common diseases, inbluding internal and external parasite(寄生虫) prevention. Veterinary (兽医) services may be required at times when illness or injury____40____. Finally,certain tack(马鞍) and ____41____ are required to take care of and enjoy your horse as they need to be replaced(替换)____42____. Other possible____43____can include costs____44____ with trail riding, showing and training.‎ ‎ Owning a horse can be an enjoyable experience and many factors enter into the initial decision about whether horse ownership is right for you. Yhere are many considerations and obligations of wonership____45____ what horse activities are in your area, determining your real interest in horses, alternatives to woning a horse, how to decide what horse to buy, horse____46____ practices and costs, and the benefits you and your family can gain form woning a horse.‎ KEYS: DBEIH AKGJF A. Cloze ‎ The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s attention is the design of cities, buildings and products. Today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the __27__that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to __28__. Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for __29_ use. The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis __30__ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, we’ve been focusing on these materials down to the molecules (分子), looking for ways to make them __31__ for people and the planet.‎ Home builders can now use materials — such as paints that release significantly __32__ amounts of organic compounds — that don’t __33__ the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately, __34__, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating __35__ healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil __36__ reused by industry again and again. As a matter of __37__, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already __38__ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable (可循环利用的).‎ Look at it this way: No one starts out to create a building that destroys the planet. But our current industrial systems are basically causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So __39__ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are adopting a _40__ approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a __41__ effect on the world. It’s not just the building industry, either. Entire cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building. Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world.‎ ‎27. A. practice B. idea C. outlook D. schedule ‎28. A. go B. continue C. come D. arrive ‎29. A. relevant B. indoor C. flexible D. forward ‎30. A. revealed B. displayed C. exhibited D. discovered ‎31. A. careful B. comfortable C. stable D. safe ‎32. A. reduced B. revised C. delayed D. defined ‎33. A. destroy B. deny C. dissolve D. depress ‎34. A. anyway B. besides C. anyhow D. however ‎35. A. exactly B. completely C. partially D. friendly ‎36. A. and B. nor C. or D. but ‎37. A. principle B. course C. interest D. fact ‎38. A. developed B. stretched C. researched D. constructed ‎39. A. instead B. because C. out D. regardless ‎40. A. negative B. positive C. relative D. sensitive ‎41. A. functional B. sensible C. beneficial D. precious KEYS: B C B A D A A D B C D A A B C