北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练21及答案

北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练21及答案

密云区2019高考英语阅读理解系列训练（21）及答案 故事类---[201*·重庆卷] ‎ ‎ A ‎ One of my wonderful memories is about a Christmas gift. Unlike other gifts, it came without wrap(包装)．‎ ‎ On September 11th, 1958, Mum gave birth to Richard. After she brought him home from hospital, she put him in my lap, saying, “I promised you a gift, and here it is. ”What an honor! I turned four a month earlier and none of my friends had such a baby doll of their own. I played with it day and night. I sang to it. I told it stories. I told it over and over how much I loved it!‎ ‎ One morning, however, I found its bed empty. My doll was gone! I cried for it. Mum wept and told me that the poor little thing had been sent to a hospital. It had a fever. For several days, I heard Mum and Dad whispering such words as “hopeless”， “pitiful”， and “dying”， which sounded ominous.[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]‎ ‎ Christmas was coming. “Don't expect any presents this year，” Dad said, pointing at the socks I hung in the living room. “If your baby brother lives, that'll be Christmas enough.” As he spoke, his eyes filled with tears. I'd never seen him cry before.‎ ‎ The phone rang early on Christmas morning. Dad jumped out of bed to answer it.From my bedroom I heard him say, “What? He's all right？” He hung up and shouted upstairs. “The hospital said we can bring Richard home！” ‎ ‎ “Thank God！” I heard Mum cry. ‎ From the upstairs window, I watched my parents rush out to the car. I had never seen them so happy. And I was also full of joy. What a wonderful day! My baby doll would be home. I ran downstairs. My socks still hung there flat. But I knew they were not empty; they were filled with love!‎ ‎56. What happened to the author on September 11th, 1958?‎ ‎ A. He got a baby brother. B. He got a Christmas gift.‎ ‎ C. He became four years old. D. He received a doll.‎ ‎57. What does the underlined word “ominous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ ‎ A. Impossible. B. Boring.‎ ‎ C. Difficult. D. Fearful.‎ ‎ 58. Which word can best describe the feeling of the father when Christmas was coming?‎ ‎ A. Excitement. B. Happiness.‎ ‎ C. Sadness. D. Disappointment.‎ ‎ 59. What is the passage mainly about?‎ ‎ A. A sad Christmas day. B. Life with a lovely baby.‎ ‎ C. A special Christmas gift. D. Memories of a happy family.‎ ‎【要点综述】“我”四岁时母亲给了“我”一件特殊的圣诞礼物：人娃娃——我可爱的弟弟Richard。但后来Richard发高烧差点夭折，经医院抢救得生，这使我更加珍爱我的“人娃娃”。‎ ‎ 56. A　细节理解题。虽然表面上是有了一个娃娃，但事实上是有了亲弟弟。‎ ‎ 57. D　词义猜测题。从该句前半部分中的 “hopeless”， “pitiful”， and “dying”可知该词意思是“令人害怕的”。虽然其他三个词均表示消极含义，但只有fearful表示“我”害怕“弟弟”离“我”而去。‎ ‎ 58. C　推理判断题。从第四段最后两句As he spoke, his eyes filled with tears. I’d never seen him cry before.可知父亲感到十分伤心。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎ 59. C　主旨大意题。第一段一开始便定义我的弟弟Richard是一件特殊的圣诞礼物。虽然弟弟Richard差点离我们而去，但后来还是得以平安回家，因此圣诞节并不悲惨。B和D选项外延过大，此段材料只是截取生活中的一个片段，并非整个和Richard一起生活的全部。‎ ‎*******************************************************结束 ‎（201*·全国II）[来源:1]‎ ‎ For those who study the development of intelligence（智力）in the animal world, self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware（意识）of itself has a high level of intelligence.‎ Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image（反射出的影像）．Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.‎ Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test. "We thought that elephants were the next important animal," said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B．M. de Waal of Emory‎ ‎University. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants "seemed like cousins to apes and[来源:学.科.网]‎ dolphins."‎ The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.‎ The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.‎ ‎ Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.‎ Diana Reiss said, "We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way."‎ ‎45. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?‎ ‎ A. Whether they have large brains.‎ ‎ B ．Whether they have self-awareness.[来源:1]‎ ‎ C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.‎ ‎ D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎46. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?‎ ‎ A. They are most familiar to readers.[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]‎ ‎ B ．They are big favorites with zoo visitors.‎ ‎ C. They are included in the study by Reiss.‎ ‎ D. They are already known to be intelligent.‎ ‎47. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?‎ ‎ A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.‎ ‎ B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.‎ ‎ C. She painted a mark on her own face.‎ ‎ D. She found the hidden camera.‎ ‎【答案】BDB ‎***********************************************************结束 ‎2.（201*·天津卷）‎ An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the ‎ same book at the same tome.‎ In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 2019. Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong kong.‎ In Chicago, the mayor(市长）appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]‎ ‎ The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy ‎ And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.‎ Ultinatel was Nancy points out,the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.‎ ‎46.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?‎ A.To invite authors to guide readers.‎ B.To encourage people to read and share.‎ C.To involve people in communnity service.‎ D.To promote the friendship between cities.‎ ‎47.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict?‎ A.They had little interest in reading.‎ B.They were too busy to read a book.‎ C.They came from many different backgrounds D.They lacked support from the locat government ‎48.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?‎ A.In large communities with little sense of unity[来源:1ZXXK]‎ B.In large cities where libraries are far from home C.In medium-sized cities with a diverse population D.In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached[来源:1]‎ ‎49.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean ‎ A.exchanged ideas with each other B.discussed the meaning of a word C.gamed life experience ‎ D.used the same language ‎50.According to Nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by A. the careful selection of a proper book B. the growing popularity of the writers C.the number of people who benefit from reading.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]‎ D.the number of books that each person reads.‎ 参考答案 BCDAC ‎**********************************************************结束 The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails， and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.‎ ‎　 Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example， we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone——far from it. ‎ Secondly， common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents， caretakers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out， and even if they were， the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.[来源:学#科#网]‎ Thirdly， in the last decade， there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care， and they have reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say，more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. ‎ Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter， then，is far from clear-cut，though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.‎ ‎11.This passage primarily argues that ___. A infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools. B whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools. C there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three. D there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three.‎ ‎12.The phrase “predispose to” （Para. 1，line 2） most probably means ___. A tend to suffer B get into C get into dispose to D lead to ‎13.According to Bowlby's analysis，it is quite possible that ___.‎ A Children's personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents.‎ B children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on.‎ C early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children. D some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from children's development.‎ ‎14.It is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that ___. A traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age. B Children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies. C A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni. D Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents.‎ ‎15.The writer concludes that ___. A it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school. B It is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children. C It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school. D It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school.‎ 参考答案 BBBCD ‎***********************************************************结束 ‎2.（201*·安徽卷） ‎ George Prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book, Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):‎ ‎“We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is ‎ a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”‎ ‎“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.”[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎“Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了George Prochnik的新著Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise 和他的观点：在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境，这个世界会更美好。‎ ‎72. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A. to be quiet B. to be colorful ‎ C. to be full of love D. to be attentive to someone ‎【解析】选A。词义理解题。根据第二段作者的观点Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.可知，作者是推崇的silence, 故选A项。‎ ‎73. What does Prochnik say about us?‎ A. We are used to quietness B. We have to put up with noise C. We do not think silence to be beneficial D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial和it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet及第三段During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art等句可以判断得出，我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，寂静才是我们的追求，故选择C项。‎ ‎74. Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?‎ A. We need more sounds in our lives B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章末段If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us.... It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.可知C项正确。A项和作者的观点相反；根据We in the hearing world can learn from them (deaf people)可知B项错误；根据During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art可知作者赞赏the smallest sounds，故D项错误。‎ ‎75. It can be inferred from the text that .‎ A. we can benefit a lot from old people B. it is a good idea to use sign language[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]‎ C. there is no escape from the world of sound ‎ D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。通读全文可知，尽管我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，作者提倡我们创造一个不太纷扰的环境，果真如此，这个世界是很美好的，据此D项正确。‎ ‎****************************************************************结束