2018高考阅读理解障碍高频词汇

2018高考阅读理解障碍高频词汇

阅读理解高频障碍词汇 第1组 ‎1. abnormally adv.不正常地 ‎2. absolute adj.完全的，全部的；绝对的；十足的，地道的 ‎3. abundant adj.大量的，丰盛的，充裕的 ‎4. accomplish v. 完成(任务)，达到(目的)，实现(计划、诺言等)‎ ‎5. accumulate v. 积累，积聚，增加 ‎6. accuracy n. 准确(性)，精确(程度)‎ ‎7. accuse v. 控告；指责，指控 ‎8. acknowledge v. 承认(权威或主张)，告知(信件、礼物等)已收到 ‎9. acquire v. 获得，得到，学到 ‎10. adapt v. 使适应，使适合；改编 ‎11. adequate adj.充分的，足够的；合格的；合乎需要的 ‎12. adjustment n. 调整，适应，调节；修正 ‎13. admission n. 准入；接纳；入场费；承认 ‎14. adolescent n. 青少年 adj.青春期的，青春的，青少年的 ‎15. adopt v. 收养，领养；采用，采取 ‎16. adore v. (不用于进行时)热爱，敬慕，崇拜，钟爱，喜爱 ‎17. adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 ‎18. advocate v. 拥护，支持；提倡；鼓吹 n. 鼓吹者，提倡者，拥护者，辩护人，律师 ‎19. affection n. 喜爱，钟爱，挚爱 ‎20. agency n. 代理机构，经销处，代理处，机构，(尤指政府内的)局，部，处 ‎21. alcoholic adj.含酒精的 n. 酒鬼，酗酒者 ‎22. allergic adj.过敏的；厌恶的；过敏引起的 ‎23. allocate v. 拨给，划归，分配 ‎24. alternative adj.可供替代的，两者择一的，供选择的；另类的，非传统的 n. 可供选择的事物 ‎25. ambition n. 目标，野心，雄心，抱负，追求，夙愿 ‎26. ambulance n. 救护车 ‎27. amount n. 金额，数量v. 总计 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1. (2017·江苏高考)Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries, Fllods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.‎ These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the 2.(2017·新课标卷III)absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly.‎ ‎3. (2017·北京高考) If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.x+-k.w ‎4. (2016·浙江高考)Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.‎ ‎5. (2015·广东高考)In recent years，however，young upper middleclass people in London，have begun to adopt some regional accents，in order to hide their class origins.‎ ‎6. (2015·江苏高考)One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.‎ 第2组 ‎1. ample adj.足够的；丰裕的，富裕的；宽敞的，面积大的 ‎2. analyze v. 分析 ‎3. analysis n. 分析；分解 ‎4. ancient adj.古代的，古老的 ‎5. anecdote n. 逸事，趣闻 ‎6. anniversary n. 周年纪念日 ‎7. annoy vt.(使)烦恼 ‎8. annual adj.每年的，年度的，一年一次的 ‎9. apparent adj.显而易见的，表面上的，貌似……的，明白的 ‎10. appeal v. 呼吁；恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力 n. 吸引力；上诉，申诉；呼吁 ‎11. applaud v. & n. 鼓掌，赞许，赞赏，欢呼，向……鼓掌，向……喝彩，称赞，赞许 ‎12. applicant n. 申请人 ‎13. application n. 申请，应用 ‎14. approve v. 赞成，同意，批准，通过 ‎15. approximately adv.近似地，大约 ‎16. argue vi.争辩，争论 vt.主张，认为 ‎17. argument n. 争论，辩论 ‎18. arise vi.起来，升起；出现，呈现，(由……而)引起，(由……)产生 ‎ ‎19. arrange v. 安排，布置 ‎20. arrangement n. 安排，布置，筹划 ‎21. aspect n. 方面，外观，外表 ‎22. assess v. 评价，评定(性质，质量)‎ ‎23. assessment n. 看法，评价 ‎24. assistance n. 帮助，援助，支持 ‎25. associate v. 联想，联系；结交，交往；使联合，使有联系，把……和……联系在一起 n. 合伙人，伙伴，同事 adj.非正式的；副的；联合的 ‎26. association n. 协会，社团；联系 ‎27. assume v. 假定，假设；承担；呈现 ‎28. assumption n. 假定，假设；担任 ‎29. atmosphere n. 大气；气氛，环境 ‎30. attempt vt.试图，尝试 n. 尝试，努力 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.（2017·新课标卷III）It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.‎ ‎2. （2017·北京卷）A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.‎ ‎3. （2017·新课标卷I）Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party ‎ ‎4. (2016·北京高考)The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.‎ ‎5. (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，rerouted(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.‎ ‎6. (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.‎ ‎7. (2015·浙江高考)You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text.‎ 第3组 ‎1. attraction n. 吸引，爱慕，吸引力；具有吸引力的人或物 ‎2. available adj.可获得的；可得到的；有空的；可用的 ‎3. background n. 背景 ‎4. backward(s) adv.向后 ‎5. ban n. 禁令，禁止 v. 禁止；取缔 ‎6. bare adj.裸露的，光秃秃的，无遮蔽的，无掩护的，勉强的 v. 露出，暴露 ‎7. bargain n. (经讨价还价后)成交的商品；廉价货 v. 讨价还价 ‎8. bathe vi.洗澡；游泳 n. 游泳 学+*科-网 ‎9. behalf n. 利益；方面；代表，维护 ‎10. behave v. 守规矩，行为，表现；做出反应，发生作用；举止规矩有礼，检点 ‎11. beneath prep.在……下方(面)，(指地位等)低于，次于 ‎12. bid v. & n. 出价，喊价；命令，吩咐；投标；向(某人)道别n. 喊价，出价；努力争取 ‎13. biography n. 传记 ‎14. bless vt.祝福；保佑；赞美 ‎15. block n. 大块；(木、石等)块；街区；路障vt.阻塞；阻挡 ‎16. board n. 木板；布告牌；委员会；(政府的)部v. 上(船、火车、飞机等)‎ ‎17. bonus n. 奖金；红利；额外津贴 ‎18. boom n. & v. 繁荣；轰鸣；激增 n. 隆隆声；(营业等的)激增；(经济等的)繁荣 ‎19. botanical adj.植物学的 ‎20. botany n. 植物；植物学 ‎21. bounce v. 使弹起，蹦，上下晃动n. 弹跳，跳动 ‎22. brake n. 闸vi.刹车 ‎23. branch n. 树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；分支部，分支机构，分局 ‎24. brand n. 品牌，商标vt.打烙印于，加污名于 ‎25. break v. 打破(断，碎)；损坏，弄坏；打断；中断；摧毁；削弱；使破裂 n. 休息；中断；间隔 ‎26. breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破 ‎27. breathe vi.呼吸 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.（2017·天津卷）The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow coms to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.‎ ‎2.（2017·天津卷）Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen. ‎ ‎3.（2017·新课标卷I）The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.‎ ‎4. （2017·新课标卷I）Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.‎ ‎5. (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556－4183.‎ ‎2. (2016·上海高考)I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry，words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.‎ ‎6. (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.‎ ‎7. (2014·重庆高考)We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.‎ 第4 组 ‎1. brief adj.简洁的，简短的 ‎2. broad adj.宽广的 ‎3. broadcast vt.广播 ‎4. brochure n. 资料(或广告)手册 ‎5. budget n. 预算，预算费v. 做预算adj.廉价的 ‎6. buffet n. 自助餐vt.连续猛击 ‎7. burst v. 使爆裂，使破裂；突然发生n. (感情等的)爆发，破裂，爆炸 ‎8. bury vt.埋，葬；覆盖 ‎9. button n. 纽扣；(电铃等的)按钮v. 扣(纽扣)，用纽扣挂住 ‎10. campaign n. 运动，战役；参加；发起运动 ‎11. cancel vt.取消，撤销 ‎12. candidate n. 候选人，申请人；应试者；被认定适合者 ‎13. cartoon n. 动画片，卡通 ‎14. casual adj.偶然的，碰巧的；非正式的；临时的；不定期的 ‎15. cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的 ‎16. ceremony n. 典礼，仪式；礼节 ‎17. certificate n. 证明，证明书；文凭 ‎18. character n. 特征，特性；性格；角色；人物；(汉)字，字体；品格 ‎19. classify v. 把……分类，把……归类 学-+科/网 ‎20. campaign n. 运动；活动；战役 v. 参加运动；参加竞选 ‎21. complex adj.难以理解的，复杂的n. 建筑群；复合体 ‎22. compulsory adj.强制的，必须做的，义务的 ‎23. confirm v. 确认，确定；证实，证明；批准 ‎24. consult v. 请教；查阅；商议；咨询 ‎25. convey v. 运输；传送；表达；传递(思想、感情等)‎ ‎26. convince v. 使确信，使信服，劝服，说服 ‎27. declare vt.宣言，声称，声明；断言 ‎28. decline v. 减少，下降，衰退；谢绝，婉拒 ‎29. decorate vt.装饰，修饰 ‎30. deliver vt.投递，传送(信件，邮包等)；发表，宣布，交付 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.(2017·新课标卷II)We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. ‎ ‎1. (2016·浙江高考)Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task，but she made it look effortless.‎ ‎2. (2016·天津高考)I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself，not with me.‎ ‎3. (2014·江西高考)The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes.‎ ‎4. (2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Turin has started a campaign to make such documents，found in libraries and stores around the world，available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.‎ ‎5. (2014·四川高考)Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as “night owls” and only 10 percent can be classified as “early birds”—the other 70 percent are in the middle.‎ Group 5‎ ‎1. editor n. 编辑 ‎2. electric adj.电的；电动的 ‎3. emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事件 ‎4. especially adv.特别，尤其 ‎5. example n. 例子；榜样 ‎6. exchange n. 交换，调换；交流 ‎7. expand v. 扩大，增加，扩展 ‎8. explicit adj.明确的；清楚的；详述的；坦率的 ‎9. explore v. 探险，勘察，考察；探索，探究 ‎10. explorer n. 探险者 ‎11. export n. & v. 出口，输出 ‎12. expose vt.揭露；露出，显露；使面临 ‎13. express vt.表达；表示；表露 n. 特快列车，特快专递 ‎14. extension n. 扩大；延伸；扩建；电话分机，分机号码 ‎15. extraordinary adj.非凡的，异乎寻常的 ‎16. fantastic adj.(口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的 ‎17. fare n. (车或船的)费用，票(价)‎ ‎18. fault n. 缺点，毛病；错误 ‎19. feast n. 盛宴，宴会，(宗教的)节日 ‎20. federal adj.联邦制的，联邦政府的 ‎21. female adj.女的；女性的；雌性的 n. 女人；雌性动物 ‎22. fight n. 打仗(架)，战斗 v. 与……打架，与……作斗争 ‎23. finance n. 资金；财政；财务；金融 vt.为……筹集资金 ‎ ‎24. fit adj.健康的；适合的；恰当的 v. (使)适合，合身；装进，可容纳 ‎25. fix vt.使固定；修理；安装；确定，决定；安排 ‎26. flash n. 闪光；闪耀；(想法的)突现 v. 使闪光；使闪现 ‎27. flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的；灵活的，可变动的 ‎28. fluent adj.流利的，流畅的 ‎29. foggy adj.多雾的 ‎30. follow vt.跟随；接着，沿着，顺着；听懂，理解；遵循；仿效；跟得上 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.（2017·浙江卷）Italians always “see me as a foreigner,” an outsider, even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.‎ ‎2.（2017·天津卷）There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. ‎ ‎3.（2017·新课卷II）The plants get ready to fight back.‎ ‎4.(2017·浙江卷）Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.‎ ‎5.(2017·江苏卷)This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. ‎ ‎6. (2016·江苏高考)Such systems do not need to operate facetoface，and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.x-k+/w ‎7. (2016·浙江高考)This book explores the musical interest and needs of children in their daily lives.‎ ‎8. (2016·江苏高考)She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.‎ ‎9. (2015·四川高考)And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin’s chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). ‎ ‎10. (2015·北京高考)Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children.‎ 第 6组 ‎1. forecast n. & vt.预告 ‎2. fun n. 乐趣；乐事；玩笑 ‎3. furniture n. (总称)家具 ‎4. glance vi.匆匆一看；一瞥；扫视 ‎5. glare v. 怒目而视 n. 瞪眼；刺眼的强光 ‎6. globe n. 地球仪；地球；球体 ‎7. glory n. 光荣；荣誉；赞颂 ‎8. graduate v. 毕业 n. 毕业生，研究生 ‎9. grasp v. 抓住；紧握；理解，领会 ‎10. grocer n. 零售商人；杂货店 ‎11. guarantee n. 保证；保证书；担保 v. 保证；担保 ‎12. guidance n. 引导，指导 ‎13. handle n. 柄，把柄 v. 处理；应付；拿，触 ‎14. hardship n. 困难 ‎15. headline n. (报刊的)大字标题 ‎16. hobby n. 业余爱好，嗜好 ‎17. holy adj.神圣的 ‎18. identity n. 同一性；一致；身份 ‎19. idiom n. 习语，成语 ‎20. ignore v. 忽视，不理 ‎21. illegal adj.不合法的，非法的 ‎22. immigration n. 移民 ‎23. incident n. 事件；冲突 ‎24. income n. 收入；收益；所得 ‎25. independent adj.独立的，自主的；有主见的 ‎26. indicate v. 表明，显示；象征；暗示；指示；指出 ‎27. information n. 信息 ‎28. insert vt.插入 n. (书报或杂志的)插页 ‎29. inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅 ‎30. instant adj.立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.（2017·新课标卷I）Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection.‎ ‎2. （2017·新课标卷II）In the coming months, we are bringing together artists form all over the globe, to enjoy speaking shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us.‎ ‎3. (2017·天津卷）Keep the tone measured: don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(I.e. incorrect ordering of ‎ Chinese names).‎ ‎4. (2016·天津高考)My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English.‎ ‎5. (2016·天津高考)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language，with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas—speaking，listening，reading and writing.‎ ‎6. (2016·北京高考)For previous generations，college was a decisive break from parental control；guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within.‎ ‎7. (2016·天津高考)The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply：always handle the most difficult job first.‎ ‎8. (2016·北京高考)The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.‎ ‎9. (2016·四川高考)Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content，which helps people to relax.‎ ‎10. (2013·山东高考)But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.‎ 第 7组 ‎1. institute n. (研究)所，院，学院 ‎2. insure vt.确保；给……保险 ‎3. intelligence n. 智力；情报 ‎4. interrupt v. 打扰，打断 ‎5. journalist n. 记者，新闻工作者 ‎6. justice n. 正义；公正；司法 ‎7. magic adj.有魔力的 n. 魔法；魔力；魅力 ‎8. mature adj.成熟的，成年人的；深思熟虑的，慎重的 ‎9. measure v. 测量，衡量，量度为 n. 量度尺寸；措施 ‎10. merchant adj.商业的；商人的 n. 商人；生意人 ‎11. minister n. 部长；牧师 ‎12. mineral n. 矿物质，矿物 ‎13. motivation n. 动机；动力；积极性 ‎14. nutrition n. 营养 ‎15. occupation n. 职业，工作；消遣；占用 ‎16. particular adj.特殊的，个别的 ‎17. pedestrian n. 步行者，行人 ‎18. permanent adj.永久的，永恒的 ‎19. plain adj.清楚的，明显的；普通的；朴素的；坦诚的 n. 平原，旷野 ‎20. policy n. 政策，方针 ‎ ‎21. precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的 ‎22. previous adj.先前的，以往的 ‎23. primary adj.首要的；初级的 ‎24. process n. 过程，程序；步骤；方法；工艺流程，工序 v. 处理，加工 学+*科-*网 ‎25. profession n. 职业，专业 ‎26. profit n. 利润，收益，益处 ‎27. pronunciation n. 发音 ‎28. punctual adj.准时的 ‎29. purchase v. &n.买，购买，采购 ‎30. random adj.随意的，任意的，未经事先考虑的 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.（2017·北京卷）The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.‎ ‎2.（2017·新课标卷II）This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.‎ ‎3. (2016·江苏高考)A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive(认知的) skills，at least when compared with chimps.‎ ‎4. (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.‎ ‎5. (2016·浙江高考)Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge，it falls to the ground—and，in the process，it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用). ‎ ‎6. (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible.‎ ‎7. (2014·辽宁高考)Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees(雇员) and profits(利润) of over 2 million per year.‎ ‎8. (2013·北京高考)Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.Still，even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are.They are tired of being famous already.‎ 第 8组 ‎1. range n. 范围；一系列；射程；山脉 v. 变化；变动；排列，排序；徘徊；漫步 ‎2. react v. 起反应，有影响；反抗 ‎3. reception n. 接待，招待会 ‎4. reform v. & n. 改革，改进 ‎5. refresh v. 更新；使恢复精力；提醒；使想起 ‎6. register n. 登记簿 v. 登记 ‎7. relate vi.有关；涉及 ‎8. represent vt.代表 ‎9. reputation n. 名声，名誉 ‎10. resist v. 抵抗；抵挡 ‎11. standard n. & adj.标准(的)‎ ‎12. strike v. 敲，打，撞，击；打动，感动；擦火柴；侵袭 n. 罢工 ‎13. studio n. 工作室，演播室 ‎14. survive v. 幸存，存活，幸免于，比……活得长 ‎15. target n. 目标，对象，靶子 v. 把……作为攻击目标，把……对准 ‎16. tradition n. 传统，风俗，惯例 ‎17. trick n. 诡计，骗局，恶作剧；戏法；诀窍 vt.欺骗，欺诈 ‎18. typical adj.典型的，有代表性的 ‎19. understanding n. 领会；理解；谅解 ‎20. urge v. 敦促，催促，力劝；强烈主张；鼓励；促使 n. 强烈欲望；冲动 ‎21. vacant adj.空缺的，未被占用的；空闲的，茫然的 ‎22. vain adj.自负的，自视过高的，徒劳的，无效的 ‎23. value n. 价值；重要性 vt.评价；重视；估价 ‎24. violence n. 暴力；猛烈，剧烈 ‎25. visual adj.视觉的 ‎26. vital adj.必不可少的，极其重要的；维持生命活动所必需的；充满活力的 ‎27. weigh vt.称……的重量；权衡 ‎28. welfare n. 福利 ‎29. withdraw v. 撤回，撤离；收回；缩回；使退出；提取 ‎30. witness v. & n. 目击者，证人；目击，目睹，亲身经历 ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎1.（2017·新课标卷I）Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. ‎ ‎2. (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)But when you share a story with your friends，you care a lot more how they react.‎ ‎3. (2016·江苏高考)There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally possessed in young children.‎ ‎4. (2016·江苏高考)The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty，surrounded by criminals and violence，had written a new chapter in the history of sports.‎ ‎5. (2015·浙江高考)The circle is divided into sections，and each section represents a fraction of the data.‎ ‎6. (2015·浙江高考)In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars，leaving ‎ behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.‎