2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题05代词介词和冠词专练三含解析

2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题05代词介词和冠词专练三含解析

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练（三）‎ 一、 基础达标测试（本题共30小题，每题1分，共30分）‎ ‎1.(2020.北京3月份质检) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎ ‎【解析】考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。‎ ‎2.(2020.沈阳5月份模拟)______ time, when the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.‎ ‎【答案】over ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，当人口逐渐增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮的快一点。Over time意为“随着时间的推移”，故填over.‎ ‎3.(2020.浙江二模) In India, for example, most people traditionally eat their hands.‎ ‎【答案】with ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法－－用手拿，with＋表示具体工具的名词，故填with.‎ ‎4.(2020·山东省一模)You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ______ number of questions.‎ ‎【答案】a  ‎ ‎【解析】考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions.故填a.‎ ‎5.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch, both of ________ （they）murdered by an evil wizard.‎ ‎【答案】them ‎【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them. 6.If you want to go to the party with me, you should behave           (you) well.‎ ‎【答案】yourself ‎【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如果你想和我一起去参加聚会，你应该表现得很好。动词短语behave 7‎ ‎ oneself表现好，懂规矩，故填yourself. 7.Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of _________________(us).‎ ‎【答案】ours ‎【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：一代又一代，我们的先辈们在这片土地上辛勤工作，创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上，of是介词，后边需要名词，根据句意，可知需要填名词性物主代词，故填ours. 8.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post office is, I always find ________ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.‎ ‎【答案】myself ‎【解析】考查代词。句意：不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿，我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业务要办理的人的后边。本句主语是I，根据语境，此处表示“发现自己……”，find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”。故填myself.‎ ‎9.Can you make sense ________ what this writer is saying?‎ ‎【答案】of ‎【解析】考查固定短语和介词of。句意：你能理解这位作者在说什么吗？结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语“理解”，make sense of意为“理解”。设空处需填介词of。故填of. 10.I’d appreciate it if you could make helpful comments ________ my work.‎ ‎【答案】onabout ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：如果你能对我的工作提出有益的意见，我将不胜感激。根据comments 与my work之间的关系，可知要用介词on/about。make comments on /about...对......发表评论/意见，固定短语。故填onabout . 11.The subject of the talk is announced a week ________ advance.‎ ‎【答案】in ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：谈话的主题提前一周宣布。in advance提前，是固定短语，故填in. 12.It suddenly occurred ________ him that he should adopt the homeless child.‎ ‎【答案】to ‎【解析】考查固定搭配和介词。句意：他突然想到要收养那个无家可归的孩子。sth. occur to sb.某人突然想到某事，固定搭配。故填to. ‎ 7‎ ‎13.Nobody knew why he was often heavily _________________debt.‎ ‎【答案】in ‎【解析】考查固定短语或介词in。句意：没人知道为什么他经常债台高筑。in debt欠债，固定短语，故填in. 14.I'm writing to offer my congratulations to you ________ winning the gold medal.‎ ‎【答案】on ‎【解析】句意：我写信是为了祝贺你获得金牌。congratulations to sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事，固定短语。故填on. 15.They left in such ________ hurry that they forgot to lock the door.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意：他们走得如此匆忙，以至于忘了锁门。短语in a hurry“匆忙，急促”，故填a.‎ ‎16.Michael is great to work for. I really couldn't find _____________ better boss.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：为迈克尔工作很好。我真的找不到一个更好的老板。空格后有boss，老板。可数名词单数，better以辅音开头的，要用不定冠词a.故填a.‎ ‎17.As __________ child I started learning to play the piano but soon decided to stop so that I could concentrate more on my studies.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解析】句意：作为一个孩子，我开始学习弹钢琴，但很快就决定停下来，这样我就可以更多地集中精力学习。此处泛指一个，故用不定冠词。故填a. 18.Studies in China have shown that a person who can write well should have _________ good knowledge of between 3,000 and 4,000 characters.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意：中国的研究表明，一个写作好的人应该精通3,000到4,000个汉字。have a good knowledge of“精通，熟练掌握”，为固定搭配。故填a. 19.Built in the Qing Dynasty, the temple has a history of 300 years. It was restored at the government's expense in ________1990s.‎ ‎【答案】the 7‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：这座寺庙建于清朝，有300年的历史了。20世纪90年代在政府的资助下它被修复了。in the 1990s为固定用法，意为“在20世纪90年代”，故填the. 20.China is a great country with ________ area of more than 9,600 thousand square kilometers.‎ ‎【答案】an ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：中国是一个面积超过960万平方公里的大国。此处泛指一个多大的面积，因此用不定冠词，且area是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an.短语with an area of意为“有着多大的面积”。故填an. 二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎1.（2019.全国卷III）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _____ dogs，seven to be exact. ‎ ‎【答案】of ‎【解析】考查固定短语。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of.‎ ‎2.（2019.浙江卷）Everybody wears______ same style of clothes. ‎ ‎【答案】the ‎【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the.‎ ‎3.（2019.浙江卷）But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ______ this question is not clear.‎ ‎【答案】to ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...是固定搭配，意为：“……的答案是……”。故填to.‎ ‎4.（2018.全国卷II）Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. ‎ ‎【答案】than　‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故填than.‎ ‎5.（2018.全国卷III）Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.‎ ‎【答案】the　‎ ‎【解析】考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top 7‎ ‎ of one’s lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。故填the.‎ ‎ 6.（2018.全国卷III）I was searching these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. ‎ ‎【答案】for　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。search for为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。故填for.‎ ‎7.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)　    a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease ‎【答案】as　‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：这种趋势是由医学界开始的，是一种对抗心脏病的方法，它产生了一些意想不到的副作用，如超重和心脏病。as在此处作介词,意为“作为”。故填as.‎ ‎8.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) As　    result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. ‎ ‎【答案】a　‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result结果。故填a.‎ ‎9.(2016·全国卷I )On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ______ (it) mother. ‎ ‎【答案】their ‎【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their.‎ ‎10.(2016·全国卷I )The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _____ other is with mum-she never suspects.‎ ‎【答案】the ‎【解析】考查固定用法。题干中表示“这样一个由人工喂养，另一个由熊猫妈妈喂养”，one …the other一个……另一个，该用法是固定用法，所以填the.‎ 三、代词、介词和冠词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ My husband and I were paying a visit 1.______my parents in Tucson.We went to 2.______ fast 7‎ ‎ food restaurant for dinner together. My husband went to the counter to order dishes and I stood with my parents.‎ My dad is 3________80-year-old man.He can hardly see very well and walks with a stick．I was scanning the restaurant, waiting to sit at the first table that was more convenient 4._______others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to come to her. 5.________ with a puzzled look on my face, I pointed to 6._________(myself) and said, “Me？” She nodded and said, “Yes，you.” I walked to the table and she said, “Bring your family here.I can finish eating at the counter. My son is in 7.______hurry to leave anyway.” My eyes were full 8.______tears as she wiped down the table and guided my dad to the seat.‎ I always believe that there are naturally kind people in this world.This has set a good example 9.________her son , who is 10._______ really lucky guy.‎ ‎1.【答案】to ‎【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意：我和我丈夫去图森拜访我的父母。固定短语pay a visit to“看望某人”，故填to.‎ ‎2.【答案】a ‎【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：我们一起去了一家快餐店吃晚饭。不定冠词表示泛指，故填a.‎ ‎3.【答案】an ‎【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：我爸爸今年80岁了。且80-year-old中eighty是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an.故填an.‎ ‎4.【答案】than ‎【解析】本题考查介词。句意：我正在扫视餐厅，等着坐在第一张桌子旁边，因为它比其它桌子更方便。根据句中的more convenient可知, 此处表示比较,故填than.‎ ‎5.【答案】With ‎【解析】考查with短语复合结构。句意：我脸上露出困惑的表情，指着我自己说道。With+宾语+介宾短语，是一种复合结构，在句中作状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填With.‎ ‎6.【答案】myself ‎【解析】本题考查反身代词。句意：同上句。主语和宾语表示同一个人，需要用反身代词。故填myself.‎ ‎7.【答案】a ‎【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意：我儿子急着要离开。固定短语in a hurry“匆忙，急促”， 故填a.‎ ‎8.【答案】of 7‎ ‎【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意：我的双眼充满了泪水。固定短语be full of“充满，装满”，故填of.‎ ‎9.【答案】to ‎【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意：这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样。固定短语set a good example to sb“给某人树立好榜样”，故填to ‎10.【答案】a ‎【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样，这个孩子真的是一个很幸运的家伙。此处不定冠词表示特指，且really lucky guy是辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a.故填a.‎ 7‎