初中名词复数讲解习题及中考真题

初中名词复数讲解习题及中考真题

第一讲名词变复数 一、可数名词变复数规则变化及发音：‎ ‎1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ； eg：book→books；desk→desks；pen→pens；car→cars s遇t读浊辅音[ts]，遇d读清辅音[dz]   eg：friend→friends; cat→cats; 2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词，在该词末尾加上-es；读音规则：读[iz]； eg：bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watchches; dish→dishes 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要把y变为i，再加-es；读音规则：读[z]。 eg：fly→flies; baby→babies; 元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s；eg：toy→toys；boy→boys； 4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，要将-f或-fe变为-v，再加es；读音规则：读[vz]； eg：knife→knives；leaf→leaves； 5、以-o结尾的名词，初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es，其余都加-s；读音规则：读[z]。 eg：tomato→tomatoes西红柿; potato→potatoes土豆; hero→heroes英雄; Negro—Negroes ‎ 口诀：“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿” 其余eg：zoo→zoos; hippo→hippos；‎ 名词变复数不规则变化：‎ ‎1.单词内部发生变化：口诀“oo常常变ee，男人女人a变e”‎ eg：foot→feet脚；tooth→teeth牙齿；man→men男人；woman→women女人；‎ ‎2.单复数相同：“羊鱼小鹿无变化，单数复数是一家”‎ eg：sheep→sheep绵羊；fish→fish鱼；deer→deer鹿；‎ ‎3.不规则变化：child→children孩子；mouse→mice老鼠；German→Germans德国人；‎ ‎4“某国人”的复数有三种类型： 口诀“中日不变，英法变，其它S加后边” （1）Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形，不需加s； （2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men； （3）其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如：Americans, Australians, ‎ ‎5. 单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese，police，class，family 6.一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people, shoes, glasses, gloves, shorts clothes, socks ‎7.代词的复数。It he she I you this that ‎ 二.不可数名词：‎ ‎⒈不可数名词概念：不可以数出数目的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质）和抽象名词（表示抽象概念的词）。‎ ‎⒉不可数名词特点：‎ ‎⑴不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与a, an及数词连用，常作单数看待。‎ 例： water There’s some water in the bottle. ‎ food My favourite food is noodles.‎ ‎⑵不可数名词如表数量，常和a bottle of, a glass of a pieces of 等名词词组连用。如表示复数，只把量词改为复数。‎ 例：a bottle of pop一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁，‎ three cups of tea 三杯茶 ，a piece of paper一张纸 ‎⑶有些物质名词有时可数，有时不可数，要根据上下文决定，其意义也有所不同。‎ ‎ Glass(玻璃) glasses（眼镜）‎ ‎⑷集体名词看作整体时，谓语用单数; 指成员时，谓语用复数。‎ ‎ His family is a large family. His family like animals.‎ 指整体 指成员 ‎⑸有的名词单复数意思不同：‎ 例：hair 和fruit 通常作单数，表示总体。‎ My hair is black. 我的头发是黑色的。‎ ‎ I like fruit .It’s good for you.我喜欢水果,水果对你的身体有好处。‎ 但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果，则需用复数形式. ‎ Danny has three hairs.丹尼有三根头发。‎ ‎ She likes pears, peaches and other fruits. 他喜欢梨，桃和其它水果。‎ 名词单复数练习 Ⅰ. 写出下列单词的复数形式：‎ fish- boy- watch- knife- leaf- wife- ‎ baby- family- man- woman- child- tooth- ‎ goose- mouse- sheep- peach- picture- Chinese- ‎ he- his- I- this- is- it- that-‎ Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为复数句子:‎ ‎1. He is looking after the baby.___________________ 2. It’s a big heavy box. ___________________________‎ ‎3. This picture is nice.__________________________ _ 4. She is a beautiful woman.____________________‎ ‎5. I’m a good child. ________________ 6. That’s a delicious peach._______________________‎ Ⅲ. 将下列句子改为单数句子：‎ ‎1. These are red coats. ____________________ 2. They’re my students.____________________________‎ ‎3. They’re women workers here. ____________ 4. Those are beautiful flowers.__________________ ‎ Ⅳ. 划出下列单词中的不可数名词:‎ meat pop shirt food knife snow water ice tea orange truck car jam ear bread milk noodles eraser clothes Ⅴ 根据括号内的词填空 ‎1. Is this your __________ (notebook) .2. Those are my two ________ (brother).‎ ‎3. That’s my ________ (sister). 4. They’re his _________ (parent).‎ ‎5. These are my ________ (friends). 6. Is she your ________ (aunt)?‎ ‎7. Here is my family _______ (photo). 8. Here are your ____________ (math book).‎ ‎9. The _______ (watch) are on the dresser. 10. The _______ (boy) over there is my brother.‎ ‎11. The ______ (boy) in red are his brothers. 12. Can you bring some ________ (thing) to school?‎ ‎13. Those are my _______ (CD). 14. Let’s play ________ (volleyball).‎ ‎15. Let’s play the ________ (drum). 16. We have many _______ (sport) ______ (club).‎ ‎17. Ed Smith has a great _______ (sport) collection. 18. I like playing computer _________ (game).‎ ‎19. He has 8 tennis ________ (racket). 20. He has 3 __________ (soccer ball) and 5 _______ (volleyball).‎ ‎21. He doesn’t play ________ (sport). 22. Do you like ________ (banana)?‎ ‎23. Do you like ___________ (hamburger)? 24. He like ___________ (strawberry).‎ ‎25. They have ___________ (ice cream) for dessert. 26. She doesn’t like __________ (broccoli).‎ ‎27. I like __________ (salad). 28. I like __________ (tomato).‎ ‎29. He has some _______ (photo) of his family. 30. For breakfast, she likes ______ (egg) and _______ (apple).‎ ‎31. For dinner, she has _________ (chicken). 32. Some __________ (people) are under the tree.‎ ‎32. Nick doesn’t like his _________ (class). 33. My _________ (clothes) are all red.‎ ‎34. This T-shirt is seven _________ (dollar). 35. How much are these _________ (sock)?‎ ‎36. I need some ________ (help). 37. Do you need ________ (bag) for _______ (sport)?‎ ‎39. Anybody can afford our ________ (price). 40. My _______ (shoe) are black.‎ 名词单复数中考习题集锦 ‎【2013四川遂宁】22. I’m so hungry. Please give me ______   to eat. A. three bread            B. three pieces of bread         C. three pieces of breads 【答案】B 【解析】考查不可数名词数量的表示。句意为：我非常饿，请给我三片面包吃。Bread 为不可数名词，不能用数词直接来修饰，同时不可数名词没有复数形式，故选B。‎ ‎【2013湖南娄底】29. —What can I do for you?    —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and_________.   A. some chickens       B. any chickens       C. some chicken 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken当鸡肉讲为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故答案为C。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查名词的辨析。由下文I like bananas best.可知上句问的是最喜欢吃的水果是什么。故选B。【2013湖北咸宁】29. — Could you give me some ______ on how to learn English ______? 　　   — Sure. Practice makes perfect. 　　 A. advice; good    B. suggestions; good C. advice; well　　 D. suggestion; well 【答案】C  【解析】考查词语的辨析。learn 是动词，后面应当用副词well作状语，可排除A、B；suggestion是可数名词，当前面有some修饰时，应当用复数，可排除D。‎ ‎【2013 甘肃白银】51. Just search the internet, you can get almost all the ______ you need.        A. informations     B. information     C. picture      D. story 【答案】B   【解析】考查名词。 句意：上网搜一下，你就能得到你需要几乎所有的信息。information，信息，不可数名词。故选B。‎ ‎【解析】名词词义辨析。Actor“演员”，scientist“科学家”，artist“画家”，doctor“医生”。根据句意：“一个能用图画描述崇山峻岭、蓝色海洋和其它很多事情的人，是画家。”，所以选C。‎ ‎【2013四川南充】22. There are some ________ on the floor.   A. milk  B. child  C. boxes 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词在语境中的辨析。there are 后应接可数名词复数，milk 是不可数名词，应排除；child 是可数名词单数，也应排除。故应选C。‎ ‎【2013四川广安】23. —Are there any ______in your school?   —Yes, there are.    A. Germen               B. Germans            C. German 【答案】B  【解析】本题考查名词复数形式。由句中be动词are可知此处应名词复数形式，German的复数形式为Germans。故选B。 【2013 上海】36. The students didn’t find much ________ about the topic on that website. A. report      B. article       C. information    D. story 【答案】C 考查名词的用法 句意：学生们在网上没有发现有关这个话题的很多信息。Much之后要用不可数名词，只有information是不可数名词。其他的report，article和story都是可数名词。 【2013 湖北黄冈】33.——What would you like to drink, girls? ——，________ please. A. Two glass of water        B. Two glass of waters C. Two cups of tea           D. Two cups of teas 【答案】C  考查名词的数 ‎ glass和cup是可数名词，两杯应用复数形式，因此A、B错误；tea是不可数名词，没有复数，故选C。‎ ‎【2013贵州安顺】20. Kate is _____ girl. She’s very happy at school.     A. a eighteen-year-old         B. an eighteen-year-old     C. an eighteen-years-old       D. a eighteen-years-old 【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词和数词的用法。在元音音素开头的单词前面用冠词an；在辅音音素开头的单词前面用冠词a；数词和名词用“--”连接，名词用单数。所以选择答案B。‎ ‎【2013广东】28. —Mum, I’ve heard that we can’t eat ______ these days. Is it true? —Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat. A. chicken      B. chickens      C. a chicken     D.  the chicken 【答案】  A 【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken鸡肉，为不可数名词，故不可以加冠词a，后也能加s ，泛指吃鸡肉也不需要加冠词the，所以选择答案 A。  【2013黑龙江绥化】6. I saw some ________ and ________ dancing in the street the day before yesterday. A. Germen; Englishmen    B. Germans; Englishmans     C. Germans; Englishmen 【答案】C  【解析】考查名词复数形式。句意：前天我看到一些德国人和英国人在街上跳舞。复数形式：德国人：Germans; 英国人：Englishmen，所以选择答案C。‎ ‎【2013黑龙江绥化】22. She is a ________ girl with two big eyes.            A. six-years-old         B. six-year-old               C. six years old 【答案】B  【解析】考查复合形容词的表达。句意：她是一位有着两只大眼睛的六岁女孩。复合形容词，中间加-连接，名词用单数形式。a six-year-old girl= a girl of six years old。所以选择答案B。 【2013河北】29. Jason likes the_______   of the cake. It is a heart.     A. color            B. size               C. smell            D. shape 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词的用法。color表示颜色，size表示尺寸，smell表示味道，shape表示形状。根据“It is a heart.”的句意“它是一个心。”可知此处说的是蛋糕的形状，故答案应选D。 【2013广西玉林】29. Eating more vegetables is good for our health. I often eat lettuce, broccoli and ______.  A. tomato   B. tomatos   C. tomatoes     D. potato 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词复数的辨析。看选项可知B项是错误的。tomato西红柿；tomato西红柿，复数；potato土豆。A项和D项都为单数，如果A可以，那么D项也可以。所以选择答案C。‎ ‎【2012湖北随州】21. The _____ often eat grass on the hill. A. chicken B. horse C. cow D. sheep 【答案】D 【解析】选D。此题考查名词的可数与不可数。Chicken，horse和cow的复数形式应该加s,而sheep的单复数形式相同，同时动词eat说明应该填复数形式，由此选D。‎ 全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编——名词 ‎【2012贵州贵阳】34. “What do we need for the salad?” “We need two apples and three ______.” A. orange B. tomatoes C. broccoli 【答案】B 考查名词的用法。orange意为“橘子”，是可数名词；tomato意为“西红柿”，是可数名词；broccoli意为“西兰花”，是不可数名词。根据句意：你们的沙拉还需要些什么？我们需要两个苹果和三个西红柿。故选B. 【2012贵州毕节】28. —I have ______  in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me with it? —Sure, I’d love ‎ to. A. joy B. interest C. trouble D. fun 【答案】C考查名词的辨析。joy“快乐”；interest“兴趣”；trouble“困难”；fun“有趣”。根据“我很担心”以及“你可以帮助我吗”可知此处表示“我英语学习有困难”，故选C。 【2012广东】28.The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many_____ there. A. bird B. duck C. sheep D. Rabbit 【答案】C 根据many可以知道后面为名词的复数形式，C为集合名词单复数同形 【2012广西玉林】32. The Internet is very useful. We can get a lot of ___________ from it. A. thing B. message C. informations D. information 【答案】D ‎ 根据句意从CD中选择，而information为不可数名词。 【2012广西玉林】36. —What is your favorite food? —I like ______ best. I had a large bowl last night. A. potato noodle B. potatoes noodles C. potato noodles D. potatoes noodles 【答案】C Potato做定语,复数形式在noodle后面变化。 【2012贵州安顺】12. Could you please give some _____ to the _____ teachers? A．advice; man B．advices; men C．suggestion; man D．suggestions; men 【答案】D ‎【2012湖北咸宁】23.─Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.  ─She said she would never forget some pleasant ______while working there. A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. emotions 【答案】C 体验为可数名词，其余为不可数名词 ‎【2012黔西南】11. I like ________best of all the vegetables.   A. potatoes B. tomato C. breads D. rice 【解析】A. 考查名词。D是“米饭”，而不是“蔬菜”；C答案是“面包”，不可数名词；B答案是单数形式；因此选择A答案。‎ ‎【2012山东济南】28. —What’s your favorite fruit?  —I like ______ best. A. apples  B. broccoli  C. potatoes D. cabbages  28. A【解析】考查名词辨析。apple“苹果”; broccoli“花椰菜”; potato“土豆”; cabbage “卷心菜”。问句提问的是最喜欢的水果。只有apple属于水果。故选A。 【2012山东济南】47. —Mum, 1 am hungry. May 1 have some______? —Of course. But don't eat too much. A. bread B. noodle C. dumpling D. hamburger 47.A【解析】考查名词辨析。bread“面包”；noodle“面条”；dumpling“水饺”；hamburger“汉堡”由下文的too much（太多），修饰不可数名词，可知空格处也须用不可数名词。故选A。【易错分析】解答此题的关键在于too much，由too much可推测上文空格处的词性。‎ ‎【2012山东泰安】26. —Would you like some _____? —Yes, a little please. A. apple B. banana C. orange D. milk 【答案】D 由下文的a little可知此处为不可数名词。‎ ‎【2012陕西】24. I’m going to the supermarket to buy some _____ this afternoon. A. paper and pencil B. apples and bananas C. milk and eggs D. bowl and spoons 【答案】C ‎【2012四川广安】24. —Miss Li, could you give me ______on English learning? —Certainly. First you should speak English every day. A. any advices B. many advices C. some advice ‎ 【答案】C 【2012四川凉山】23. —I feel very thirsty and hungry after a long walk.  —Would you like some and _____?‎ A. apple juice; sandwiches B. apples juice; sandwiches C. apple juice; sandwiches ‎【2012贵州省毕节市】22. —Could you please pass me something to eat? —What about some ______? A. water B. orange C. fish D. tea 【答案】C fish为集合名词单复数同形 ‎【2012贵州黔东南州】23. -What kind of noodles would you like?  _--__________________________________        A. Mutton and tomatoes noodles                   B. Mutton and tomato noodles           C. Muttons and tomatoes. Noodles               D, Muttons and tomato noodles 【答案】B 当名词做定语修辞名词时用单数　‎ ‎【2011清远】38. I'm so hungry. Please give me ______ to eat ‎　　A. three bread B three pieces of bread ‎　　C. three pieces of breads D three piece of bread ‎　　答案B【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词的用法。bread为不可数名词，不加s，也不能直接用数字修饰，排除A和C。量词piece片是可数的要加s。‎ ‎　　【2011四川德阳】23. – Can I help you, sir?‎ ‎　　-- I’d like to have 100 _____. I want my students to draw pictures.‎ ‎　　A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers ‎　　答案： B ‎　　【解析】本题考查不可数名词的运用. paper是不可数名词，它没有复数形式，若表示数量，一般用a piece of短语表示，它的复数形式应体现在piece上。 paper是不可数名词，故排除C;答句意“我想要100张纸……”。100张纸中，量词piece应用复数形式，故排除A。正确答案是：B。‎ ‎　　32. 【2011•广西柳州】Tony has many Chinese ______.‎ ‎　　A. stamp B. stamps C. a stamp ‎　　答案B ‎　　【解析】考查名词复数的用法。many意为“很多”后接名词复数，故选B。‎ ‎　　【2011湖南湘潭】21. The_______ of most trees will fall in autumn.‎ ‎　　A leaf B. leafs C leaves ‎　　答案：C ‎　　【解析】本题考查的是名词复数的用法。根据题意，秋天，大多数的树叶都会落。leaf的复数形式为leaves，故本题选C。‎ ‎　　【2011•四川广元】10.Our hospital needs two ___ doctors, Mrs Li. You can ask your son to have a try.‎ ‎　　A. women B. man C. men ‎　　答案：C ‎　　【解析】名词复数。由“你让你的儿子试一试”可知“我们医院需要两名男医生”，排除A;man作doctors的定语，doctors用复数，故man也应用复数形式。‎ ‎　　【2011四川宜宾】23. There are many _______ playing on the playground.‎ ‎　　A. child B. children C. man teachers D. sheeps ‎　　答案：B ‎　　【解析】B 考查名词复数用法 孩子的复数是“children”，男老师“men teachers”， 羊“sheep”单复数相同。故选B。‎ ‎　　(2011四川资阳)16.—There are so many ______ over there. What’s happening?‎ ‎　　—Let’s go to have a look.‎ ‎　　A. flower B. car C. child D. people ‎　　答案：D ‎　　【解析】考查名词用法。many后接可数名词复数。故选D。‎ ‎　　【2011梧州】40. Please pick up the ____. Don’t keep it on the floor.‎ ‎　　A. paper B. boxes C. books D. bottles ‎　　【答案】A ‎　　【解析】名词的考察 由“Don’t keep it on the floor.”可知应是不可数名词或单数可数名词 ‎　　【2011广西崇左】28.—What’s in the icebox?‎ ‎　　---A few ____, but little ____.‎ ‎　　A.apple,milk B.apple,milks C.apples,milks D.apples,milk ‎　　【解析】D 考查点：形容词辨析。解题思路：few修饰可数名词的复数形式，little修饰不可数名词。故选D。‎ ‎　　【2011广西贺州】36. Mazy's skirt is the same as her_____.‎ ‎　　A. sisters B. brother C. brother’s D. sister’s ‎　　答案：D ‎　　【解析】D考查点：名词所有格。解题思路：skirt表示“裙子”，根据常识可知一般女孩才有裙子，故排除B、C。根据句意：Mary的裙子与她妹妹(姐姐)的(裙子)一样。比较的对象应该相同。故选D。‎ ‎　　【2011广安市】23 —Are there any _______ in the picture?‎ ‎　　—Yes, there are.‎ ‎　　A. fish B. pork C. beef ‎　　答案：A ‎　　【解析】考查名词。B与C都是不可数名词，be动词用单数;fish表示鱼的数量时，单数和复数同形。故选A。‎ ‎　　【江西省2010】37. The doctor told me to eat more_________ because it's good for my health.‎ ‎　　A. orange B. vegetables C. ice cream d. fish ‎　　【答案】D ‎　　【解析】 名词用法 由句意“……有益于健康”，排除A和C。vegetables为复数形式。故选D。‎ ‎　　【2011·苏州】 There are millions of websites on the Internet and there ________ a lot of useful _________ on the websites.‎ ‎　　A. are; informations B. are; information ‎　　C. is; information D. is; information ‎　　答案：C ‎　　【解析】考查there be结构。information意为“消息”是不可数名词，be动词应用单数，先排除AB;故选C ‎　　【2011贵州安顺】18. —Mr. Smith always has _____ to tell us. —So he does.‎ ‎　　A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news ‎　　C. some good piece of news D. some piece of good news ‎　　答案：A ‎　　【解析】不可数名词的考查。News是不可数名词，当要表示几条消息时，应用量词piece，并且根据句意要在piece的后面加s。‎ ‎　‎