中考英语总复习之代词详解与练习

中考英语总复习之代词详解与练习

一.人称代词的形式: 人称代词有人称, 数和格的变化 我 我们 你/你们 他 她 它 他们/她们/它们 主格 I we you he she it they 宾格 me us you him her it them 二. 表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词; 形式: 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种 我的 我们的 你的/你们的 他的 她的 它的 他们的/她们的/它们的 形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers ‎---‎ theirs 三 .反身代词的形式: myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves 用法: 1.作宾语: a. He taught himself English. b. He is old enough to look after himself.‎ ‎ 2.在句中作名词或代词的同位语, 以加强名词或代词的语气, 一般表示 “亲自” “本人”‎ ‎ a. I myself did the work. b. You had better ask Tom himself.‎ 四. 指示代词的形式: this, that, these, those, it, such, same 用法: ‎ ‎ 1.this / these常指时间, 空间或心理上较近的人或物, that / those常指时间, 空间或心理上较远的人或物 ‎ 2.this / these常指后面要提到的事物, 有启下的作用; 而that / those常指前面讲到过的事物, 有承上的作用 ‎ a. What I want to tell you is this: The meeting is put off until Friday.‎ ‎ b. He had a bad cold. That is why he didn’t attend the meeting.‎ ‎ 3.that / those还可用来代替上文出现过的名词.作此用法时, 它们的用法及与one / ones的对比见下表 代替什么词 替换成．．．‎ one ‎[C]单数 某名词 ones ‎[C]复数 某名词 that ‎[C]单数或[U]‎ the + 某名词 those ‎[C]复数 the + 某名词 ‎ a. The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that ( = the weather ) in Shanghai.‎ ‎ b. The population of China is a quarter of that ( = the population ) of the world.‎ ‎ c. The students in class one work harder than those ( = the students ) in class two.‎ ‎ d. The question is an easy one. e. I have lost my pen. I am going to buy one.‎ ‎ f Which pencils do you want ? The red ones g. He has a new coat and several old ones.‎ ‎ 4.such的用法 ‎ ①.such代替或修饰可数与不可数名词都可 ‎ a. He is such a man. b. I don’t like such words. c. Such is our plan.‎ ‎ ②. .如果名词被many / much / little / few四个词修饰, 则要用so而不用such, 如: ‎ ‎ a. He has made so much progress.‎ ‎5.the same的用法: the same =同样(的), 可以作定语, 表语, 主语和宾语 ‎ a. They left for Beijing on the same day.‎ ‎ b. He will go to swim and I’ll do the same.‎ ‎ c. Whether he will come or not, it is all the same to me.‎ ‎ 6.it的用法: ‎ ‎①.it指前面己经提到的人或事物 ‎②.模糊it: it指时间, 季节, 气候, 距离, 情况等 a. It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.‎ ‎ b. It is five kilometer from home to the school.‎ ‎③.it作形式主语: it作形式主语时, 真正的主语可以是动词不定式, 动名词或由that引导的主语从句.当句中的这些真正主语用词较多时, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语移到后面 ‎ a. It is a good habit to do morning exercise.‎ ‎ b. It is pity that you didn’t see such a good film.‎ ‎ ④.it作形式宾语: it作形式宾语时, 真正的宾语可以是不定式, 动名词或that引导的宾语从句. 当宾语之后有宾补, 而作宾语的不定式或宾语从句用词较多时, 常用it作形式宾语, 而把真正的宾语移到后面 ‎ a. I find it easy to learn English well if in the right way.‎ ‎ b. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman.‎ ‎ c. They want to make it clear that they are doing an important and necessary job.‎ ‎ ⑤.it用于强调句型: It + is / was + 被强调的部分 + that / who + 其他 ‎ a. Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(一般陈述句)‎ ‎ b. It is Professor Wang that / who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(强调句)‎ ‎ c. It is us that / who Professor Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.(强调句)‎ d. It is English that Professor Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon.(强调句)‎ ‎ e. It is every Monday afternoon that Professor teaches us English.(强调句)‎ 五、不定代词 一览表 可数 one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few ‎ 不可数 much, (a) little 可数不可数 oone, any, other, all, some ‎ 复合不定代词 anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing ‎ 二、不定代词的语法特征 ‎1．every 和no 只能用作形容词，不能用作代词。 ‎ There is no need to finish it tonight.‎ ‎2．复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一概用单数。‎ Someone is waiting for me at the school gate, but I have no idea who ‎ they are (or who he or she is).‎ ‎3．复合不定代词都不可接of 短语，但some one, every one, any one 都是两个词，之后可接of 短语（注意no one 不可接of 短语）。‎ Every one of the students can speak good English.‎ ‎4．形容词修饰复合不定代词时，必须置其后。something amazing; nothing serious ‎ 三、不定代词的用法难点 ‎1．none, no one, nothing 的用法区别 ‎① none 既可指人，也可指物，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；‎ no one 只能指人，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；‎ nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。如：‎ — How many people are there in the room now ? — None. ‎ — Who is in the room ? — No one / nobody ‎ ‎② every 还可表示“每融……的；每……中的”，如下列说法中只能用every。‎ every year or two every now and then ‎ every other day Choose one out of every ten boys. ‎ ‎3. another, other, the other, others, the others 的用法一览表 不定代词 意义 用法说明 another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作代词或形容词。如：‎ I don’t like this coat. Show me another, please.‎ other 另一些 只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有each, ever等时，则可与单数名词连用。如：any other plant, every other day。‎ the other 两者中的 另一个 常与one 连用，构成：one … the other… 一个……另一个……；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“全部其余的”‎ others 泛指别的 人或物 是other 的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定语，构成some…others…‎ the others 特指其余 的人或物 是the other 的复数形式，特指其余的人或物。‎ ‎4．全部否定和部分否定 当not 出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句中，不管not 在它们之前或之后 Both of them haven’t read this story. = Only one of them has read this story.‎ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall. = Not all bamboo grows tall. = Some bamboo grows tall, but some doesn’t. ‎ 概括性副词如everywhere, always, altogether (全然地)，wholly（全部地）和not 连用时，也表示部分否定。例如： Such a thing can’t be found nowhere.。‎ 练一练 1、按要求写出相应人称代词。 I（宾格）_______            she（形容词性物主代词）_______   we（名词性物主代词）_______ he（复数）_______         us（单数）_______       theirs（主格）_______ its（宾格）_______ 2、用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ 1） That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2）‎ The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3）Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4）_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ______.( he ) 5）_________ dresses are red. ( we ) What color are _________? ( you ) 6）Show _________ your kite, OK? ( they ) 7）I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) 8）Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) 9）Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) 10）_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________is a nurse. ( she ) ‎ 11） Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they ) 12）Don’t touch _________. _________is not a cat, _________ is a tiger! ( it ) 13）_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. ( she ) 14）The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she)‎ ‎1.(11全国II) I got this bicycle for ; My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.‎ ‎2. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ‎ ‎3. (11天津）We feel our duty to make our country a better place.‎ ‎4. (11上海春）They produced two reports, ______ of which contained any useful suggestions.‎ ‎5. (11山东) The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other.‎ ‎6. (11福建）We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interests. ‎ ‎7. (11安徽）Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_____ almost an overcoat for her.‎ ‎8.(11浙江) Since people are fond of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as ________ else. ‎ ‎9. (11四川）There is in his words. We should have a try.‎ ‎10. (11重庆）——Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.‎ ‎——What do you think of over there?‎ ‎11. (11陕西）——Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? —— one? ‎ ‎12. (11湖南）I knew that _____ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director. ‎ ‎13. (11辽宁) ——Would you like tea or coffee? —— , thank ‎ you. I've just had some water.‎ ‎14.(11江西）Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that you’re too ill to work on?‎ 实战演练 ‎1.全国卷一 I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and_______ half learning drawing ‎2.全国卷二. Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth thing over between them。‎ ‎3.全国卷二  The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday.‎ ‎4.安徽．You are a team star! Working with        is really your cup of tea.‎ ‎5.福建When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say_____for me ?‎ ‎6.江西Swimming is my favorite sport. There is     like swimming as a means of keeping fit.‎ ‎7.辽宁. The fact that she was foreign made ___ difficult for her  to  get  a  job  in  that  country ‎8.山东 Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.‎ ‎9.陕西 The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.‎ ‎10.上海If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on____ (we)‎ ‎11.四川  On my desk is a photo that my father took of          when I was a baby.    (I)‎ ‎12.天津     in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.‎ ‎13.浙江 -- How about camping this weekend, just for a change? -- OK,  __ you want.‎ ‎14.浙江__ that's important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.‎ ‎15.重庆 He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _____ of them again.‎ ‎2009‎ ‎（京）1. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ____ little foreign ownership.‎ ‎2. Being a parent isn’t always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with _extra stress. ‎ ‎（山东）3. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face ________ day like that.‎ ‎（陕西）4. Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn’t answer of them.‎ ‎（上海）5. －Wow! You’ve got so many clothes. －But _____ of them are in fashion now .‎ ‎6. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy__________.‎ ‎7．I’ve read another book this week.－Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.‎ ‎8. Charles was alone at home, with looking after him.‎ ‎9．The CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get completely free.‎ ‎10. Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in ___way or another for the better. ‎ ‎11. Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with __ of their parents.‎ ‎2008‎ ‎12. —Which of the two computer games did you prefer? —Actually I didn’t like ______. ‎ ‎13.. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ______ spoken in England.‎ ‎14.. The two girls are getting on very well and share _______ with each other.‎ ‎15.. –How do you find your new classmates? – Most of them are kind, but __ is so good to me as Bruce.‎ ‎16. Our nerghbors gave _____ a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell from its nest.‎ ‎17. Make sure you’ve got the passports and tickets and ______ before you leave.‎ ‎18. Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals ____ after an injury?‎ ‎19. —Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street? —Victoria Street? ‎ ‎______ is where the Grand Theatre is.‎ ‎20. He doesn’t have _________ furniture in his room --just an old desk.‎ ‎21. The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _____ four percent.‎ ‎22. –I’d like some more cheese. –Sorry, there’s ______ left.‎ ‎23. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.‎ ‎24. To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet to go to the library, or _______.‎ ‎25.—Could we see each other at 3 o’clock this afternoon? ---Sorry, let’s make it __ time.‎ ‎26. -- Do you want tea or coffee?   -- ______, I really don't mind. ‎ ‎27.Not all these books are second-hand； of them are new．‎ ‎28.You can buy these maps at railway station．They all have them．‎ ‎29.I prefer a street in a small town to in such alarge city as Shanghai．‎ ‎30.1've only seen one copy of Gone with the wind in the bookshop opposite．Tom，go and buy ．‎ ‎31.At the time neither country allowed to open any companies on its land．‎ ‎32.Most of the housework was done by two members of the family，my sister and ．‎ ‎33. was thoughtful John to send me this present．‎ ‎34.—We walked twenty miles today． —I never guessed you could have walked far．‎ ‎35.—Have you read through the two books he lent you last week? —No， of them is easy to read．‎ ‎36.Meeting my uncle after all these years Was an unforgettable moment， I will always treasure．‎ ‎37.The noise of the party prevented me from getting sleep．‎ ‎38.I hate when people talk with their mouths full．‎ ‎39.The class are busy preparing lessons for a test．‎ ‎40.—Would you care for tea or coffee? — ，thank you．I’ve just had some tea．‎ ‎41.It was in the house he used to 1ive that the exhibition was held．‎ ‎2007‎ ‎1. ___ felt funny watching myself on TV. [07 全国II]‎ ‎2. The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to ______ who can capture the tiger alive or dead. [07 上海]‎ ‎3. _____________ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. [07 山东]‎ ‎4. He has made a lot of films,but ____ good ones. [07 北京]‎ ‎5. The book is of great value. can be enjoyed unless you digest it. [07 福建]‎ ‎6. To save class time, our teacher has ________ students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other ‎ half for homework. [07 湖南]‎ ‎7. —What do you think of the performance today?‎ ‎ —Great! But a musical genius could perform so successfully. [07 江西]‎ ‎8. —There is still a copy of the book in the library. Wall you go and bottow ? ‎ ‎—No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore. [07 陕西]‎ ‎9. Treat to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day. [07‎ ‎ 上海]‎ ‎10. Little joy can equal ________ of a surprising ending when you read stories. [07 四川]‎ ‎11. He didn’t make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.[07 天津]‎ ‎12. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ____ in the newspaper. [07 辽宁]‎ ‎13. —He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.‎ ‎ —When was _____?‎ ‎ —_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college. [07 浙江]‎ ‎14. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _______ left in the house. [07 重庆]‎