2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题13情态动词和虚拟语气专练含解析

2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题13情态动词和虚拟语气专练含解析

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点情态动词和虚拟语气专练 一、基础达标测试（本题共10小题，每题1分，共10分）‎ ‎1.The water must ________ (boil) to make sure it is clean and safe to drink.‎ ‎【答案】be boiled ‎【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。boil是动词，“煮沸”，The water和动词boil之间是动宾关系，故此处应使用被动语态；情态动词must后应用动词原形，故此处用“be done”结构，boil的过去分词是boiled，故填be boiled.‎ ‎2.I ______________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.‎ ‎【答案】can't/couldn't ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：对于我们不在家的时候你对我儿子的所有帮助，我不胜感激。“can't/couldn't+动词原形+ too...”意为“再……也不为过，越……越好”。故填can't/couldn't.‎ ‎3.I should __________ (write) to her, but I didn't have the time.‎ ‎【答案】​have written ‎【解析】​考查虚拟语气时态。句意：我本应该给她写信的，但我没有时间。根据句子后半部分“but I didn't have the time但我没有时间”可知，前一句是表明本该做的事情却没做，有should have done“本该做……”符合句意，故填have written.‎ ‎4.It is high time that you __________(go) to bed for a good sleep.‎ ‎【答案】​went/should go ‎【解析】句意：是你好好睡一觉的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time that...”中，that从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去式或should do，should不可以省略。故填​went/should go.‎ ‎5.A book _________ (must read) more than once if you want to understand it better.‎ ‎【答案】must be read ‎【解析】考查被动语态。句意：如果你想更好地理解一本书，就必须多读一次。根据句意和提示词可知，句子的主语A book与动词read之间为被动关系，应用被动时态，分析句意可知，此处情态动词must后要加动词的被动形式，故填must be read.‎ ‎6.The teacher advised that we __________ good use of every minute here.‎ ‎【答案】should make / make ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。advise后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，故填should make / make.‎ 6‎ ‎7.Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they ________ (have) nothing to do with contemporary life.‎ ‎【答案】had ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这些经典小说与当代生活毫无关系，没有人会费心把它们拍成电影。根据would bother可知，此处是和现在事实相反的假设，if从句用一般过去时表示现在的情况，故填had.‎ ‎8.In my opinion, it is about time we ________ (have) new computers.‎ ‎【答案】had/should have ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在我看来，我们该买新电脑了。it is...time (that)+虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时或者should+动词原形，其中should不能省略。故填had/should have.‎ ‎9.As many as 150 people died in the explosion. If only the owners ________(pay) enough attention to the safety measures!‎ ‎【答案】had paid ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：多达150人在爆炸中丧生。如果业主们对安全措施足够重视就好了！根据语境可知if only后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设，应使用对过去的虚拟语气，形式为“had+过去分词”，故填had paid.‎ ‎10.It is required that bullying ________ (forbid) in any school in China.‎ ‎【答案】​be forbidden ‎【解析】考查主语从句中虚拟语气的使用和被动语态。句意：在中国，任何学校都必须禁止欺凌。主句中含有require“要求”其后的主语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形；bullying和forbid之间是动宾关系，本句用被动结构，结合本题用(should) be forbidden，故填be forbidden.‎ 二、模拟实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎1.（北京四中2020年3月调研）How I wish every family ________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden.‎ ‎【答案】had ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望每个家庭都有一栋有美丽花园的大房子。根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，且是对现在的虚拟，动词要用一般过去时。故填had.‎ ‎2.（大庆铁人中学2020年3月模拟）They would________ (kill) him if he had not defended 6‎ ‎ himself.‎ ‎【答案】have killed ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他不为自己辩护，他们就会杀了他。由if he had not defended himself.可知，本句是if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，主句的谓语动词需用would have done。故填have killed.‎ ‎3.（河北邢台一中2020年一模）They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't __________ (stick) in the storm.‎ ‎【答案】have been stuck ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。这是一个含蓄条件句，谓语动词用虚拟语气，根据上文They set off for the destination too late可知，与过去事实相反，谓语动词用would have done，主语they和谓语动词stick之间是被动关系，用空格前有wouldn't，故填have been stuck.‎ ‎4.（衡水二中2020年5月模拟）Tom recommended me that I __________(accept) the invitation.‎ ‎【答案】(should) accept ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆建议我接受邀请。这里考查recommend意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的虚拟语气，recommend sb. that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。故填(should) accept.‎ ‎5.（合肥一中2020年6月集训）The old man treated the boy as if he _________ his own son.‎ ‎【答案】were ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据The old man与the boy之间的关系，可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实，，as if要用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用过去式，是连系动词be时，要用were。故填were.‎ ‎6.（哈三中2020年4月模拟）The manager required that the work _______ (finish)before Friday.‎ ‎【答案】should be finished/be finished ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面，其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。本句的谓语动词required表示要求，其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”；而且从句中的谓语动词finish和主语the work是被动关系，故填should be finished/be finished.‎ ‎7.（石家庄二中2020年5月模拟）Only when the results came out did he realize that he should ____________ (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late.‎ ‎【答案】have devoted 6‎ ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：只有当结果出来时，他才意识到他应该全身心地投入到学习中去，但是已经太晚了。Only when引导的从句中用了倒装，句中表示“本应该做某事却没做”，用should have done的形式。devote奉献于，动词原形。devoted过去分词。故填have devoted.‎ ‎8.（沈阳2020年6月集训）If it were not for the fact that you _____ (be) ill, I would ask you to do this right now.‎ ‎【答案】are ‎【解析】考查同位语从句时态。句意：如果不是因为你病了，我想请你现在就做。fact后的同位语从句表示的是事实，要用一般现在时，不用虚拟语气；you后面系动词用are，故填are.‎ ‎9.（天津南开中学2020年6月押题卷）Without your timely help, I couldn't _________ (finish) the task ahead of time.‎ ‎【答案】have finished ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你的及时帮助，我本不可能提前完成任务。根据句意此处需表示对过去发生事情的假设。could (not) have done本来能够(不可能)做某事。故填have finished.‎ ‎10.（秦皇岛一中2020年6月考前押题卷）The woman stood by the river still as if she ________ (turn) into a stone.‎ ‎【答案】had turned ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：那个女人一动不动地站在河边，好像变成了一块石头。as if从句表示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，应用虚拟语气；此处是表示与过去事实相反的事实，应用过去完成时形式。故填had turned.‎ 三、情态动词和虚拟语气专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they 1.________(be) the same person.Both the two boys are smart，but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However，people believe if Peter 2.__________(work) as hard as Tom，he would do as well as his brother in his study.‎ At home，their parents suggest that they 3.____________(finish) their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it 4.______(be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.‎ One day，when doing his homework，Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book, he_5_______(strike) out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover，and handed it in as his own homework the next day.‎ 6‎ When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother，she was very angry and shouted at Peter.“How I wish you 6. ________(be) as diligent as your brother！Now it's time that I 7._________(give) you a good lesson.And you mustn't play any computer games for a month！”‎ ‎“Oh，no！Mom.Without a computer for such a long time，I 8.__________(die)．I would rather you 9.______(ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.”Peter was upset.‎ ‎“If you 10.____________(finish) your homework on time yesterday，you wouldn't be punished now，”said the mother.‎ ‎1.【答案】were ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆和彼得是双胞胎。 他们看起来好像是同一个人。根据句意可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实，as if要用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用过去式，是连系动词be时，要用were，故填were.‎ ‎2.【答案】worked ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：然而，人们相信，如果彼得像汤姆一样努力工作，他在学习上会做得和他哥哥一样好。本句是if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词需用用过去式。故填worked.‎ ‎3.【答案】(should)finish ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：在家里，他们的父母建议他们在玩电脑游戏之前，应该完成他们的家庭作业。这里考查suggest意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的虚拟语气，suggest that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建议做某事”, 故填(should)finish.‎ ‎4.【答案】is ‎【解析】此题考查insist的用法。句意：但是彼得坚持认为只要他能及时交作业，就可以先玩游戏。insist表示“坚持要”“一定要”，从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实，此时谓语通常用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形）；但是insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”，从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态，谓语一般用陈述语气, 故填is.‎ ‎5.【答案】struck ‎【解析】此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：当彼得找到以前的练习本时，他划掉了汤姆的名字，并在封面上签了名。横线处所填的谓语动词形式与signed his name on its cover谓语动词形式并列，都是谓语动词的一般过去式，故填struck.‎ ‎6.【答案】were ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望你像你哥哥一样勤奋！‎ 6‎ 根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是句型How I wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，并且是对现在事实的假设，动词要用一般过去时故填were.‎ ‎7.【答案】gave/should give ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：现在是我给你上一堂好课的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time that...”中，that从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去式或should do，should不可以省略。 故填gave/should give.‎ ‎8.【答案】would die ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果长时间没有电脑，我会死的。根据句意此处需表示对将来发生事情的假设。故填would die.‎ ‎9.【答案】asked ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你让我一个人洗碗一个月。根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是I would rather后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，而且是对现在情况的虚拟，谓语动词要用一般过去时态。故填asked.‎ ‎10.【答案】had finished ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你昨天按时完成了作业，你现在就不会受到惩罚了。根据语境可知if 后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设，应使用对过去的虚拟语气，形式为“had+过去分词”，故填had finished.‎ 6‎