2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（32页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（32页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4Earthquakes单元学案 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 ‎ 写作词汇 ‎1.　　　　 n.废墟;毁灭 ‎ vt.毁灭;使破产 ‎2.　　　　vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭 ‎ ‎3.　　　　vt.& vi.(使)震惊 ‎ n.休克;吃惊;震惊 ‎4.　　　　 n.&vt.援救;营救 ‎ ‎5.　　　　vt.使陷入困境 ‎ n.陷阱;困境 ‎6.　　　　vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏 ‎ ‎7.　　　　 n.&vt.损失;损害 ‎ ‎8.　　　　 n.裁判员;法官 ‎ vt.断定;判断;判决 ‎9.　　　　vt.损害;伤害 ‎ ‎10.　　　　adv. 真诚地;真挚地 ‎ 阅读词汇 ‎1.earthquake n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.burst vi.& n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.event n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.disaster n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.shelter n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎6.title n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎7.outline n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎8.headline n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎9.cyclist n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎10.reporter n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎11.well n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎12.pipe n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎13.million n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎14.canal n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎15.steam n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎16.brick n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎17.dam n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎18.track n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎19.mine n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎20.bar n.　　　　　 ‎ 拓展词汇 ‎1.　　　　 n.民族;国家;国民→　　　　adj.民族的;国家的;国民的 ‎ ‎2.　　　　 n.污垢;泥土→　　　　adj.脏的 ‎ ‎3.　　　　 n.苦难;痛苦→　　　　 v.遭受,忍受 ‎ ‎4.　　　　adj.极度的→　　　　adv. 极其,非常 ‎ ‎5.　　　　vt.损害;伤害→　　　　 n.伤害;损害→　　　　adj.受伤的 ‎ ‎6.　　　　adj.无用的;无效的;无益的→　　　　 n.使用;用处→　　　　adj.有用的;有益的 ‎ ‎7.　　　　 n.电;电流;电学→　　　　adj.用电的;带电的→　　　　adj.与电有关的;电的 ‎ ‎8.　　　　vt.使惊吓;吓唬→　　　　adj.受惊的;受恐吓的→　　　　adj.令人恐惧的 ‎ ‎9.　　　　 n.祝贺;(复数)贺词→　　　　vt.祝贺 ‎ ‎10.　　　　adv. 真诚地;真挚地→　　　　adj.真诚的;真挚的 ‎ ‎11.　　　　vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递→　　　　 n.表达;表情 ‎ 二、高频短语 ‎1.　　　　　　立刻;马上 ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　以为……没什么了不起 ‎3.　　　　　　结束;终结 ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　严重受损;破败不堪 ‎ ‎5.　　　　　　掘出;发现 ‎ ‎6.　　　　　　许多;大量的 ‎ ‎7.　　　　　　因……而自豪 ‎ ‎8.　　　　　　从……判断 ‎ ‎9.　　　　　　陷入…… ‎ ‎10.　　　　　　埋头于…… ‎ 三、经典句型 ‎1. 　　　　　　　　　(仿佛)the world was at an end!  ‎ ‎2.Thousands of families were killed and 　　　　　　(许多孩子变成了孤儿).  ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　　　　(他们无论朝哪里看)nearly everything was destroyed.  ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　　　　(不是所有的希望都)lost. ‎ 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)‎ ‎1.Jack left the job after ten years because he was beginning to feel 　　　(被困住). ‎ ‎2.With so many people 　　　 (被掩埋) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. ‎ ‎3.A water pipe 　　　(爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded. ‎ ‎4.The public was 　　　(震惊) by an incident in which a man lifted a baby girl and threw her to the ground. ‎ ‎5.The old couple were　　　(营救;援救) by the local people. ‎ ‎6.His house was completely 　　　 (破坏) in the earthquake. ‎ ‎7.Too much drinking will do 　　　 (伤害) to your health;you should take the doctor’s advice.  ‎ ‎8.San Francisco lay in 　　　(废墟) even though rescuers managed to dig out a great number of survivors. ‎ ‎9.—We need an immediate reply.‎ ‎—I see. I’ll send the paper to you　　　　　　(立刻;马上). ‎ ‎10.The whole country lay 　　　　　　(严重受损;破败不堪)after the war. ‎ ‎11.I 　　　　　　　　　(陷入)the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday. ‎ ‎12.When I came in, he　　　　　　　　　(埋头于)playing computer games. ‎ ‎13.It is reported that 　　　　　　　　　　　　(许多;大量的)people were injured in that accident and the number of people who died has reached 130. ‎ ‎14.My holiday is 　　　　　　　　　(结束;终结)and I must go back to work tomorrow. ‎ ‎15.I didn’t persuade them to do the experiment that way;you know, they 　　　　　　　　　(以为……没什么了不起)my suggestion. ‎ ‎16.　　　　　　(从……判断)his look, he doesn’t think much of our plan. ‎ ‎17.Compared with the escaped driver, I 　　　　　　　　　(因……而自豪)what I did. ‎ ‎(二)单句填空 ‎1.He went through a lot of 　　　 (suffer) before new China was founded. ‎ ‎2.Don’t forget to praise them 　　　 (sincere) when someone does something good. ‎ ‎3.Her family was 　　　 (extreme) poor and all she had was one pair of shoes. ‎ ‎4.Therefore, China has taken on a 　　　(nation)campaign to prevent the environment from being worse. ‎ ‎5.Besides, she usually throws rubbish everywhere, which makes our room a 　　　(dirt)place. ‎ ‎6.The girl was almost 　　　 to death when she saw the 　　　 scene.(frighten) ‎ ‎7.In the crash he was seriously 　　　. He suffered severe 　　　 to the head and arms.(injure) ‎ ‎8.He 　　　 his thanks to us, with a thankful 　　　 on his face.(express) ‎ ‎9.He sent me an e-mail of 　　　, 　　　me on the good result I had gained.(congratulate) ‎ ‎10.The　　　 news that the young famous pianist passed away made all the fans 　　　.(shock) ‎ 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.船上的一对年轻夫妻吃着东西,高声地谈笑着,好像这个世界上只有他们自己。(as if)‎ A young couple in the boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎2.曾经有人让我们决定是在公园里野餐还是去参观博物馆。(leave+宾语+宾语补足语)‎ Once we　　　　　　　　　 whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. ‎ ‎3.无论走到哪里,她都受到热烈的欢迎。(everywhere)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　, she receives a warm welcome.  ‎ ‎4.喜欢体育运动的人并不都喜欢参加体育运动。(部分否定)‎ All who enjoy sporting events　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎5.我正写作业时,电话响了。(be doing...when…)‎ I 　　　　　　　　　 the phone rang. ‎ 答案精解精析 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 写作词汇 ‎1.ruin　2.destroy　3.shock　4.rescue　5.trap　6.bury　7.damage 8.judge　9.injure　10.sincerely 阅读词汇 ‎1.地震　2.爆裂,爆发;突然破裂　3.事件;大事　4.灾难;灾祸　5.掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处　6.标题;头衔　7.要点;大纲;轮廓　8.(报纸的)大字标题　9.骑自行车的人　10.记者　11.井　12.管;导管　13.百万　14.运河;水道　15.蒸汽;水气　16.砖;砖块　17.水坝;堰堤　18.轨道;足迹;痕迹　19.矿;矿山;矿井　20.条;棒;条状物 拓展词汇 ‎1.nation;national　2.dirt;dirty　3.suffering;suffer　4.extreme;extremely　5.injure;injury;injured　6.useless;use;useful　7.electricity;electric;electrical 8.frighten;frightened;frightening　9.congratulation;congratulate 10.sincerely;sincere　11.express;expression 二、高频短语 ‎1.right away　2.think little/nothing of　3.at an end　4.in ruins　5.dig out 6.a (great) number of　7.be proud of/take pride in　8.judging from 9.be trapped in　10.be buried in 三、经典句型 ‎1.It seemed as if　2.many children were left without parents　3.Everywhere they looked　4.All hope was not 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写 ‎1.trapped　2.buried　3.burst　4.shocked　5.rescued　6.destroyed 7.damage　8.ruins　9.right away　10.in ruins　11.was trapped in ‎ ‎12.was buried in　13.a great number of　14.at an end　15.thought little/nothing of　16.Judging from　17.am proud of/take pride in ‎(二)单句填空 ‎ ‎1.sufferings　2.sincerely　3.extremely　4.national　5.dirty　6.frightened;frightening　7.injured;injuries　8.expressed;expression　9.congratulation;congratulating 　10.shocking;shocked 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.as if they were the only people in the world　2.were left to decide 3.Everywhere she goes　4.don't like to participate in them　5.was doing my homework when 单元知识链接高考题型 ‎1 课文与语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells kept rising and 　1　 (fall).Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in 　2　. ‎ A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In 　3　 farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous ‎ ‎　4　 (eat).　5　 (mouse) ran out of the fields 　6　 (look) for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am 　7　 July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could 　8　 (hear) outside the city of Tangshan even when no 　9　 (plane) were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, 　10　 thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  ‎ ‎2 课文与短文改错 根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎　　Congratulations! We are pleased to telling you that you have win the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech ‎ was heard by the group of five judges, all of who agreed that it was the best one this year. Your parents and your school should be proud you! Our office would like to have you speaking in the new park, which will honor those who were died in the terrible disaster. What you know, this is the day when the quake happened more than thirty years before. We invite you to bring your family and friends on that specially day.‎ ‎3 话题知识与写作 Ⅰ. 根据提示翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1.一天夜里,一切都开始摇晃起来。(shake)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎2.水管爆裂,电被切断。(burst;cut off)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎3.世界似乎到了末日。(It seemed as if...;be at an end)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎4.有些人受伤了,有些人被埋在废墟下,还有些人失踪了。(injure;bury)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎5.从那时的情况判断,还有一些被困人员等待着救援。(judge from;trapped;rescue)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎6.并不是没有了希望。(all...not...)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎7.士兵立刻就被派来营救他们。(right away;rescue)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ Ⅱ. 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ 答案精解精析 ‎1.课文与语法填空 ‎1.falling　2.them　3.the　4.to eat　5.Mice　6.looking　7.on　8.be heard　9.planes　10.who　‎ ‎2.课文与短文改错 ‎　　Congratulations! We are pleased to ① you that you have ②winwon the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech was heard by ③group of five judges, all of ④ agreed that it was the best one this year. Your parents and your school should be proud ⑤‎∧‎of you! Our office would like to have you ⑥ in the new park, which will honor those who ⑦were died in the terrible disaster.‎ ‎⑧ you know, this is the day when the quake happened more than thirty years ⑨beforeago. We invite you to bring your family and friends on that ⑩ day.‎ ‎①be pleased to do sth.很高兴做某事。‎ ‎②此处为现在完成时,所以此处应用过去分词。‎ ‎③a group of 一组,一群。‎ ‎④定语从句的先行词为judges,指人,且关系词前面有介词,故应用whom。‎ ‎⑤be proud of...因……而自豪。‎ ‎⑥have sb. do sth.使某人做某事。‎ ‎⑦die为不及物动词,无被动语态。‎ ‎⑧此处引导非限制性定语从句,从句位于句首,需用as引导。‎ ‎⑨more than thirty years ago 30多年以前,和一般过去时连用。‎ ‎⑩修饰名词需用形容词形式。‎ ‎3.话题知识与写作 Ⅰ.1.One night,everything began to shake.‎ ‎2.The water pipes burst and the electricity was cut off.‎ ‎3.It seemed as if the world was at an end.‎ ‎4.Some people were injured, some buried under the ruins and some missing. ‎ ‎5.Judging from the situation then, there were a number of trapped people waiting for the rescue.‎ ‎6.All hope was not lost.‎ ‎7.The soldiers were sent to rescue them right away.‎ Ⅱ.[参考范文]‎ One night, everything began to shake, with the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Some ‎ people were injured, some buried under the ruins and some missing. Judging from the situation then, there were a number of trapped people waiting for the rescue. All hope was not lost, because soldiers were sent to rescue them right away.‎ 单元专题解题指导 所给词为动词的做题技巧(语法填空)‎ 方法指导 在语法填空中对动词的考查是命题重点和热点。如果括号中所给的提示词为动词,往往从词性变化、谓语动词和非谓动词三个维度命题。‎ ‎1)考查词性变化:主要考查动词与名词、动词与形容词或副词的转换,此时主要根据句子成分和词性与词性的相互修饰关系来判断。‎ ‎2)考查谓语动词:在确定考查谓语动词后,可采用“三步法”解题 ①首先确定动词的语态(是主动语态还是被动语态);②然后确定动词的时态(结合语境和时间状语);③最后考虑主谓一致。‎ ‎3)考查非谓语动词:主要考查非谓语动词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。‎ ‎4)考查特殊句式。如祈使句使用动词原形等。‎ 典例引领 (2017课标全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)　1　a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side　2　(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. ‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required　3　(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt　4　(remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As　5　result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even　6　(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food　7　(be) full of fat and salt; by 　8　(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. ‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be　9　(care)not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,　10　is not good for the health. ‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　‎ 方法运用 ‎[语篇解读]　为了应对肥胖和心脏病,医学界鼓励大家食用低脂肪、少盐的食物。但是如果过于极端的话,也会适得其反。‎ ‎1.as　考查介词。医学界将其作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as在此处作介词,意为“作为”。‎ ‎2.effects　考查名词复数。side effect表示“副作用”,为可数名词,根据such as overweight and heart disease可知,副作用有多种,故填复数形式。‎ ‎3.to process　考查非谓语动词。根据require sth. to do sth.(需要某物做某事)以及其被动形式可知此处填不定式结构。‎ ‎4.are removed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt作主语,与remove之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎5.a　考查冠词。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result结果。‎ ‎6.worse　考查比较级。句意:更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐的量会上升。even worse更糟的是,此处与上句中提到的“eat more food”相比较,故用比较级。‎ ‎7.is　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知,此处用一般现在时,主语为fast food,故系动词用is。‎ ‎8.eating　考查非谓语动词。by在此处为介词,表示方式,故后面接动名词形式。‎ ‎9.careful　考查形容词。句意:然而,小心不要走极端。设空处在系动词be后,作表语,故用形容词。‎ ‎10.which　考查定语从句。设空处指代前面的一句话,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。‎ 单元知识能力测试 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018河北唐山模拟)‎ Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)‎ Natalie Doan,14,has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York.Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house.“It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,”she says.‎ On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard.‎ ‎ Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.‎ When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.‎ In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.‎ ‎“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,”Natalie says, “but I can always choose how I deal with it.”‎ Natalie’s choice was to help.‎ She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.‎ In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids:Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.‎ Today, the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,”Natalie declares.“My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”‎ ‎1.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found　　　. ‎ A.some friends had lost their lives B.her neighborhood was destroyed C.her school had moved to Brooklyn D.the elderly were free from suffering ‎2.According to Paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most?‎ A.The people helping Rockaway rebuild.‎ B.The people trapped in high-rise buildings.‎ C.The volunteers donating money to survivors.‎ D.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.‎ ‎3.How did Natalie help the survivors?‎ A.She gave her toys to other kids.‎ B.She took care of younger children.‎ C.She called on the White House to help.‎ D.She built an information sharing platform.‎ ‎4.What does the story intend to tell us?‎ A.Little people can make a big difference.‎ B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ C.East or west, home is best.‎ D.Technology is power.‎ B ‎　　The HR manager(招聘经理) calls with great news: the job is yours. The hardest part is over, right? Maybe not. Determining whether to take a job offer can—and should—be a more difficult decision. Before you take on a job, you need to evaluate the situation carefully. Here are principles you can follow to ensure you make the right decision.‎ Do more in-depth research ‎　　You can find out a lot about a company before you send in your resume, but once you have the offer in hand, it’s time to do more in-depth research. Dig around for the information about the organization, the culture, and your future co-workers. Find company employees on Linked In and see what they say about their job on social media. You also want to find out the organization’s future prospects. In a bad economy, you have to consider whether the company will still be around in a few years.‎ Be realistic about your expectations ‎　　Unfortunately, most job searchers do not compare several offers at once. More likely, you’ll say “yes” to your first offer even if you have sent in several resumes. Look at the applications you have filled out and reasonably assess which are likely to hire you. You should compare the offer in hand with a wish list of what you really want in your future job. Besides, you need to think about what kind of investment an employer will make in you and what bad impacts there will be if you leave. After all, any future employers will look down on a quick job switch.‎ If you decide to say no ‎　　Saying no to a job offer can be complicated. The last thing you want is for the company to think you play them. If you do say no, remember that never imply that the job or the salary is to blame. Instead, focus on what’s not a good fit. This will keep the door open for the future.‎ ‎5.What’s the purpose of this passage?‎ A.To provide some suggestions on how to apply for a job.‎ B.To provide some specifics on deciding whether to accept a job offer or not.‎ C.To warn us some traps when signing a job contract.‎ D.To provide some guidelines on how to find a new job.‎ ‎6.When you do some in-depth research about a company, which information should be dug into?‎ ‎①the employee’s comment about their company ‎②the potential risks of the company ‎③the outlook of the company ‎④some gossip of its boss A.①②③ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.①③④‎ ‎7.Which one is NOT a mistake that a job searcher commits?‎ A.Saying yes to his or her first job offer.‎ B.Accepting any offer without evaluating the situation.‎ C.Switching jobs at will.‎ D.Saying “I’m not fit for the job” when declining a job offer.‎ ‎8.Which statement is true according to the passage?‎ A.Doing some research about a company before applying for a new job is enough.‎ B.Deciding whether to take a job offer is more difficult than applying for a new job.‎ C.State your reasons frankly why you refuse the job.‎ D.You should apply for one job at one time.‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2017广西五市联考)‎ 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The World Health Organization(WHO) has made an appeal to scientists, drug manufacturers and governments. The WHO wants them to work together 　‎ ‎1　(develop) drugs to fight 12 bacteria. These bacteria 　2　(be)able to resist 　3　(power)antibiotic(抗生素) drugs. The resistance is unusually strong that all the 12 bacteria have been given a special name:“superbug”. ‎ A United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs were a threat to human 　4　 (healthy). It said they had 　5　 ability to turn easily treatable infections into killers. The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material, 　6　 helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment. ‎ Marie-Paule Kieny is the U.N. agency’s assistant director-general. She said,“Antibiotic resistance is growing and we are soon running out 　7　 treatment options.” She urged the government to give drug companies chances to develop new treatments.“If we leave the thing alone, the new antibiotics we most 　8　 (urgent) need are not going to be developed in time,” she said. ‎ Antibiotic drugs can lose their effectiveness when people take more or less than the amount 　9　 (require) by doctors. When this happens, infections that could 　10　 (treat) at one time easily become resistant. ‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 ‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ The other day, my friends and I talked to the rules that we have in school. At our school, we had to wear the school uniforms every day, or the problem is that all my classmates feel the uniforms are ugly. We think that young people should look like smart and you would like to wear our own clothes. Our teachers believe that if we do it, we will concentrate much on our clothes than our studies. But we disagree. We ‎ will feel more comfortably if we wear our own clothes. If we can’t do it, we should be allowing to design our own uniforms. That could be good solution to this problems.‎ 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。飓风桑迪袭击了Natalie的家乡Rockaway,损失很大,一些人的援助行为鼓舞了Natalie,她创办了一个网站来帮助家乡的人们。‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段开头“...they found their neighborhood in ruins.”可知B项正确。‎ ‎2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段开头第一句可知帮助Rockaway进行重建的人们鼓舞了她,包括带来捐赠品的志愿者、帮助他人的邻居以及帮助老人的青少年们,故A项正确。‎ ‎3.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知Natalie创办了一个网站,发布需要帮助的幸存者的信息,从而可以让捐赠者们找到捐赠的对象,由此可知她建立了一个信息分享平台,故D项正确。‎ ‎4.A　推理判断题。从整篇文章可以得知,Natalie虽然年纪不大,但是她在飓风后家乡的重建过程中,创办了一个信息分享平台,为他人提供了巨大的帮助,故A项正确。‎ B ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,讲述的是当面对公司的录用通知书时,有哪些原则可供求职者参考。‎ ‎5.B　主旨大意题。由文章第一段的最后一句话可以看出,全文讲述的是当面对公司的录用通知书时,有哪些原则可供求职者参考,决定是否接受这份工作。‎ ‎6.A　细节理解题。在第二段的最后三句话中①②③均有提及,只有④关于老板的闲言碎语并未提到。‎ ‎7.D　细节理解题。在文章的最后一段中作者告诉我们,如果想要拒绝这份工作,不要说工作或者工资不够理想,要说自己不能够胜任这项工作,因此D项不是一个mistake。‎ ‎8.B　细节理解题。由文章第一段的第四句话 “Determining whether to take a job offer can—and should—be a more difficult decision.”可知,是否要接受这份工作比求职更难,故选B。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了世界卫生组织呼吁科学家、药品生产商和政府共同致力于研发新的抗生素以对抗12种超级细菌。‎ ‎1.to develop　世界卫生组织希望他们合作研发药品来对抗12种细菌。此处用不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎2.are　这些细菌能够抵抗功效强大的抗生素药物。根据上下文容易判断设空处应该使用一般现在时,句子的主语为复数名词bacteria,故填are。‎ ‎3.powerful　设空处修饰antibiotic drugs,需用形容词,故填powerful。‎ ‎4.health　这12种超级细菌对人类的健康是一种威胁。设空处被human修饰,需用名词,故填health。‎ ‎5.the　它说它们拥有把容易治疗的传染病变成致命杀手的能力。have the ability to do sth.为固定搭配,意为:具备做某事的能力。‎ ‎6.which　世界卫生组织说超级细菌也可以沿着基因物质进行传递,这有助于其他的细菌对药物的治疗产生抗药性。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which。‎ ‎7.of　run out of为固定搭配,意为“用完,耗尽”。‎ ‎8.urgently　设空处修饰动词need,需用副词,故填urgently。‎ ‎9.required　当人们服用抗生素药物的量比医生要求的量多或少时,它们就可能失去药效。设空处修饰名词amount,并与其构成被动关系,故填required。‎ ‎10.be treated　当这种情形发生的时候,曾经能够被治疗的感染就容易变得有抗药性。treat与关系代词that(指代先行词infections)构成被动关系,故填be treated。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎　　The other day, my friends and I talked ①‎ ‎toabout the rules that we have in school. At our school, we ②‎ ‎hadhave to wear the school uniforms every day, ③orand the problem is that all my classmates feel the uniforms are ugly. We think that young people should look ④like smart and ⑤youwe would like to wear our own clothes. Our teachers believe that if we do it, we will concentrate ⑥muchmore‎ ‎on our clothes than our studies.But we ‎ disagree. We will feel more ⑦‎ ‎comfortablycomfortable if we wear our own clothes. If we can’t do it, we should be ⑧‎ ‎allowingallowed to design our own uniforms. That could be ⑨‎∧‎a good solution to this ⑩problemsproblem.‎ ‎①talk about sth.谈论某事。 ‎ ‎②句中every day为一般现在时的时间状语。‎ ‎③上下文为并列关系。‎ ‎④系动词look后常常加形容词作表语;look like后加名词或代词,意为“看起来像……”。‎ ‎⑤代词指代不一致。‎ ‎⑥句中含有比较级的标志词than。‎ ‎⑦系动词feel后应该使用形容词作表语。‎ ‎⑧从上下文中的逻辑关系上来判断,此处应该使用被动语态。‎ ‎⑨solution为可数名词单数,在此处表示泛指,故前面加a。‎ ‎⑩由this可知此处problem应该使用单数形式。‎