2018届一轮复习北师大版必修1Unit2Heroes学案(2)

2018届一轮复习北师大版必修1Unit2Heroes学案(2)

Unit 2　Heroes ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义 ‎1．calm adj.　　　　　　　镇静的，沉着的 ‎2．peacefully adv. 和平地，平静地 ‎3．reporter n. 记者，通讯员 ‎4．wave vi. 挥手示意，致意 ‎5．found vt. 建立，创立 ‎6．opinion n. 意见，看法，主张 ‎7．struggle n. 斗争，拼搏 ‎8．unusual adj. 不平常的 ‎9．event n. 竞赛；事件 ‎10．quality n. 质量；品质 需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变 ‎1．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generously adv.慷慨地，宽大地→generosity n．慷慨，大方 ‎2．violent adj.暴力的→violently adv.猛烈地→violence n．暴力 ‎3．character n．人物；性格→characteristic adj.典型的；特有的 ‎4．explore vt.探测；勘探→exploration n．探测；探究；探索 ‎5．personally adv.就自己而言→personal adj.个人的，私人的 ‎6．equal adj.平等的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．相等；平等 ‎7．skilful adj.灵巧的，熟练的→skilfully adv.熟练地→skill n．技巧 ‎8．compete vi.比赛，竞争→competition n．比赛→competitor n．竞争者，对手→competitive adj.竞争的；比赛的 ‎9．amazing adj.令人惊异的→amaze vt.使惊异→amazed adj.惊奇的，吃惊的 ‎10．fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气；财富；命运 ‎11．promote vt.促进，提升→promotion n．提升；晋升；推销 ‎12．injury n．伤害，损害→injure vt.伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的 ‎13．react vi.反应→reaction n．反应 ‎14．disabled adj.残疾的→disable vt.使残疾，使不能→disability n．残疾 ‎15．confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信；信任 ‎16．admire vt.钦佩，羡慕→admiration n．钦佩，羡慕 ‎17．absolutely adv.当然；绝对地→ absolute adj.绝对的 需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义 ‎1．spaceship n．　　 太空船 ‎2．astronaut n. 宇航员 ‎3．flight n. 飞行；航班 ‎4．launch n. 发射 ‎5．glow vi. 发光 ‎6．atmosphere n. 大气；气氛 ‎7．helicopter n. 直升机 ‎8．revolution n. 革命 ‎9．republic n. 共和国 ‎10．protest n. 抗议 ‎11．march vi.& n. 游行示威；行军 ‎12．brilliant adj. 卓越的 ‎13．useless adj. 差劲的；无用的 ‎14．champion n. 冠军 ‎15．violence n. 暴力；暴行 ‎16．career n. 职业，一生的事业 ‎17．athlete n. 运动员 ‎18．commit vt. 犯(错误)，做(坏事)‎ ‎19．relationship n. 关系 ‎20．divorce vi. 离婚 ‎21．involve vt. 涉及，参与 ‎22．charity n. 慈善，施舍 ‎23．medal n. 奖章，勋章 ‎24．dive vi.& n. 跳水；潜水 ‎ ‎ ‎1．lift_off (火箭、航天器等)发射，起飞，升空 ‎2．millions_of　 数百万 ‎3．let_out　 解脱；放出去，发出；泄露 ‎4．in_one's_opinion　 在某人看来 ‎5．on_one's_own　 单独地，独自地 ‎6．give_up　 放弃 ‎7．come_to_do_something　 开始(认识、理解)‎ ‎8．pull_through　 使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关 ‎9．get_on_(with_...)　 (与……)融洽相处；进展 ‎10．get_involved_with　 参加，参与 ‎ ‎11.far_too　 太，极为 ‎12．come_off__it　 别胡扯 ‎ ‎13．come_to__an_end　 结束 ‎14．in_the_course_of　 在……的过程中 ‎ ‎ ‎1．[教材原句]Millions of people all over China were_watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.‎ 在飞船安全着陆的时刻，全中国亿万人民都正在观看电视直播。‎ ‎[句式解读]be doing sth. when ... “正在做某事，这时……”。‎ ‎2．[教材原句]Jennifer was in the kitchen, with_her_hands_in_a_bowl_of_flour, when she saw a small boy climb into a truck.‎ 在詹妮弗看到一个小男孩爬进一辆卡车里的时候，她正在厨房里，双手在面粉盆里和面。‎ ‎[句式解读]with＋复合宾语。‎ ‎3．[教材原句]Brandi, the sisters' mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while_developing_their_tennis_careers．‎ 两姐妹的妈妈布兰迪则在家中教她们文化知识，这样才使她们既没有间断网球生涯，又能顺利完成高中学业。‎ ‎[句式解读]while引导的状语从句的省略。 ‎ ‎4．[教材原句]This not_only drew public attention to research into back injuries but_also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.‎ 这(他的演讲)不仅引起了公众对背部受伤问题的关注，而且鼓舞了很多有各种问题的人。‎ ‎[句式解读]not only ... but also ... “不但……而且……”。‎ ‎5．[教材原句]Give_me_a_challenge_and_I'll meet it with joy.‎ 给我一个挑战，我会欣然接受。‎ ‎[句式解读]祈使句＋and＋陈述句。‎ ‎6．[教材原句]The new words I still have_difficulty_remembering are ...‎ 我记忆起来仍然有困难的生单词有……‎ ‎[句式解读]have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. “做某事有困难”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]‎ ‎1．character 　n．角色；人物；品质；特点；汉字 ‎[高考佳句](2015·广东高考阅读C)Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows.‎ 事实上，孩子们早期通过电视节目了解人物的心理。‎ ‎(1)in/out of one's character 符合/不符合某人的性格 in the character of 以……的资格；扮演……的角色 in character with sth. (与……)风格相同 ‎(2)characteristic adj. 特有的；表示特性的；典型的 n. 特性；特征 ‎ I can't believe she lied to me — it is so out of her character.‎ 我想不到她会对我撒谎，这不符合她的个性。‎ ‎ He scored a great success in the character of a workman.‎ 他在扮演工人上取得了很大成功。‎ ‎ (2015·湖北高考阅读C)Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics.‎ Dudok一个人设计了二十世纪Hilversum大部分建筑物，大约75座建筑物仍然有他独特的特点。‎ ‎[语境串记]　The character is practising writing Chinese characters to build his character.‎ 这个人正在通过练习写汉字来培养他的性格。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.写出下列句中character的含义 ‎①Her husband was a man of good character, well liked and respected by his colleagues. 品质 ‎②The film is autobiographical (自传体的) and the leading character is played by Collard himself. 角色 ‎③Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China.汉字 ‎④It is what parents say and do that really matters in children's character training._性格，品格 ‎⑤The director added a few characters and changed some names in this movie but this is a true story._人物 Ⅱ.根据提示完成小片段 ‎⑥一个人可能只有一种性格，但可能有多种特征，所有这些特征便构成了一个人的品质。‎ One may only have a character,_but may have many characteristics,_all of which build_one's___character．‎ ‎2．equal　adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上 ‎[高考佳句](2015·安徽高考阅读D)In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal.‎ 实际上，当谈到战争的艺术时，蚂蚁无与伦比。‎ ‎(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎　　　 　　 　等于/胜任做某事 A equals B in ... A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌 without equal＝have no equal ‎ 无与伦比 ‎(2)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 ‎ Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.‎ 没有什么乐趣比得上你在阅读故事时一个出人意料的结尾所带来的乐趣。‎ ‎ Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful. ‎ 只要细心，任何一个人都能胜任这份工作。‎ ‎ (全国卷Ⅱ单选)The island is equally attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in ‎ both seasons.‎ 因为春秋两个季节的天气都非常怡人，所以这个小岛在这两个季节都很吸引人。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎①Bill is quite equal to running the office.‎ ‎②His paintings are without equal in the western world.‎ ‎③Nobody can equal him in intelligence.‎ Ⅱ.翻译句子 ‎④(2014·陕西高考单词拼写)在教育和就业方面男女应该得到平等的对待。‎ Men_and_women_must_be_treated_equally_in_education_and_employment. ‎ ‎3．struggle　vi.搏斗，奋斗；努力 n．斗争，拼搏；难事 ‎[高考佳句](2015·陕西高考阅读D)Robinson suggested that may be because parents themselves struggle to understand the tasks.‎ Robison认为那或许是因为父母自己想方设法明白孩子的学习任务。‎ ‎ (1)struggle for ...　　　　 为……而斗争 struggle against/with ... 与……作斗争 struggle to do sth. 挣扎着/努力/拼命地做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ‎(2)It is a struggle for sb. to do sth.‎ ‎ 对某人来说做某事很难/费力 ‎ They have to struggle for their independence.‎ 他们不得不为独立而斗争。‎ ‎ The wounded soldier struggled to his feet, but fell to the ground again.‎ 那位受伤的士兵挣扎着站了起来，但又倒下了。‎ ‎ Is it a struggle for Lucy to keep her room tidy?‎ 对露西来说保持她的房间整洁是很难的事情吗？‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎①The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard．‎ 孩子们吃饭时大声喧哗，所以我必须努力使自己让他们听到。‎ ‎②Struggling_to_his_feet,_the boxer continued his match.‎ 拳击手挣扎着站了起来继续比赛。‎ Ⅱ.根据提示完成小片段 ‎③Farmers always have to struggle_for (为……而奋斗) a living. They often struggle_against/with (与……作斗争) the bad weather for a better harvest. Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling_to (努力) increase their income.‎ ‎4．compete 　vi.比赛；竞争 ‎[高考佳句](2014·天津高考书面表达)We can compete with students from other universities in debate contests or speech contests.‎ 我们可以和来自其他大学的学生在辩论比赛或演讲比赛中竞争。‎ ‎(1)compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against ...for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 ‎(2)competition n. 比赛 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 ‎ Young children will usually compete for their mothers' attention.‎ 小孩通常都会在母亲面前争宠。‎ ‎ Athletes from many countries competed with each other for the first gold medal in the Olympic Games. ‎ 来自许多国家的运动员为获得奥运会的第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。‎ ‎ Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive world.‎ 没有人能够完全远离这个充满竞争的社会。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎①Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. ‎ ‎②Life is like a long race where/in which we often compete with others to go beyond ourselves.‎ ‎③We are in competition (compete) with four other companies for the contract.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示完成小片段 ‎④作为最小的比赛者，我必须和另外20名顶尖的学生在写作比赛中竞争以获得年度写作奖；要成为获胜者，我必须有很强的竞争力。‎ As the youngest competitor,_I had to compete_in the writing contest against/with 20 other top students for the annual writing award. I must be very competitive to be the winner.‎ ‎5．promote　vt.促进，提升；晋升；促销 ‎[高考佳句](2015·四川高考单选)More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.‎ 为了促进当地的经济发展，很快在四川将会修建更多的高速公路。‎ ‎(1)promote ... as ...　　　　把……提升为……‎ promote sb.to ... 提升某人到……(职位)‎ promote ...from ...to ... 把……从……提升到……‎ promote development/understanding ‎　　　　　　　　　　 促进发展/加深了解 ‎(2)promoter n. 发起者，赞助者 promotion n. 提升；提拔；促进；推销 get promoted/promotion 得到晋升 ‎ He fought bravely and was soon promoted from a captain to a general.‎ 他作战勇敢，不久便从上尉提升为将军了。‎ ‎ Her promotion to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.‎ 竟然提拔她当销售经理，这让每个人都感到意外。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.用promote的相关短语填空 ‎①Working hard, she was soon promoted_from a saleswoman to a manager.‎ ‎②Here you will learn how to promote yourself as an expert on marketing. ‎ Ⅱ.翻译句子并进行句式升级 ‎③汤姆提出了一种促销这种产品的好办法。‎ Tom_came_up_with_a_good_idea_to_promote_the_sales_of_this_product.‎ ‎④汤姆得到了晋升。‎ Tom_got_promoted.‎ ‎⑤用because把③、④合并为含有原因状语从句的主从复合句 Tom_got_promoted_because_he_came_up_with_a_good_idea_to_promote_the_sales_of_this_product.‎ ‎6．confident 　adj.自信的；确信的，肯定的 ‎[经典例句]With the progress of new medical research, I'm confident that people like me would be able to walk again one day.‎ 随着新医学研究的不断进步和发展，我相信像我这样的人会有一天重新站起来。‎ ‎(1)be confident of/about ＝ be sure/certain of ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 确信 be confident that ... ＝ be sure/certain that ...‎ ‎ 确信……‎ be confident in 对……充满信心 ‎(2)confidence n. 信任，信心 have confidence in ＝ be confident in ‎ 对……有信心 ‎ The manager is confident about/of the way business is progressing.‎ 经理对业务发展的态势充满信心。‎ ‎ Be confident in yourself and your dream will come true.‎ 对自己充满信心，梦想就会实现。‎ ‎[名师指津]　名词confidence后常接介词in，不用介词for；表示“做某事的信心”时，名词confidence后接不定式，不接of doing，而形容词confident后通常接of doing，不接不定式。‎ ‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.用confident的适当形式填空 ‎①We have full confidence that everything will come out right in time.‎ ‎②In this way you will become confident in driving a car.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子并进行句式升级 ‎③I have_confidence_in our future.‎ 我对我们的未来充满信心。‎ ‎④I'm_confident_that China will be more powerful than most of the western countries in the following 50 years.‎ 我相信中国在未来五十年内会比大部分西方国家更强大。‎ ‎⑤After five years' hard training, the athlete is_rather_confident_of_winning_the_match．‎ 经过了5年的艰苦训练，这名运动员对赢得此次比赛相当有信心。‎ ‎⑥用分词短语把③、④合并为一句 Having_confidence_in_our_future,_I'm_confident_that_China_will_be_more_powerful_than_most_of_the_western_countries_in_the_following_50_years.‎ ‎7．admire　vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕；欣赏，观赏 ‎[高考佳句](2015·重庆高考阅读E)He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. ‎ 他发觉荷马在两千年之后仍然受人仰慕。‎ ‎(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事仰慕某人 ‎(2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕 express/have admiration for sb./sth.‎ ‎ (表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物 in/with admiration 钦佩地；羡慕地 ‎(3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；羡慕的 admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；值得赞美的 admirer n. 爱慕者；崇拜者 ‎ Many people around the world admire China for its great contributions to the world peace.‎ 世界各地的许多人钦佩中国对世界和平所做的巨大贡献。‎ ‎ I'd like to express my admiration for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.‎ 我对消防员们的勇敢和毫无怨言的精神表示钦佩。‎ ‎ The moment Jackie Chan appeared, all the fans looked at him with admiration.‎ 成龙一出现，所有影迷都钦佩地看着他。‎ ‎[形象识记]‎ ‎ ‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎①We admire the old scientist for his great contribution to the country.‎ ‎②The school is widely admired (admire) for its excellent teaching.‎ Ⅱ.单句写作 ‎③同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。‎ My deskmate admires_my_fluent_English_very_much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示完成小片段 ‎④这些爱慕者因他的出色表演而钦佩这位名演员。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的表演。一些追求者为了表达对他的钦佩之情甚至经常给他发邮件。‎ The admirers admire the famous actor for his excellent performance, which they enjoy with/in_admiration,_and to express_their_admiration_for him, some of them even email him frequently.‎ ‎8．involve　vt.包括；涉及；使参与；需要 ‎[高考佳句](2015·陕西高考阅读D)A big surprise was that AsianAmerican parents whose kids are doing so well in school hardly involved.‎ 令人惊讶的是，孩子们在校成绩不错的亚裔美国父母几乎不参与。‎ ‎(1)involve sb. in (doing) sth.‎ ‎　　　 使某人参与(做)某事；使某人牵扯到某事中 involve doing sth. 包括做某事；需要做某事 ‎(2)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的；有关的 get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；热衷于；专心于 get/be involved with sb./sth.‎ ‎ 与某人混在一起/和……有密切联系 ‎ (2014·福建高考单选)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.‎ 学生应该参与社区活动，他们能从活动中获取成长的经验。‎ ‎ (2013·福建高考单选)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.‎ 米歇尔找到了一份中学教师的工作，(这份工作)需要和学生待在一起的时间比较长。‎ ‎ (2014·江西高考写作)It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively involved in class and review what had been taught after class.‎ 预习功课、积极参与课堂活动、课后复习老师所教的东西确实使我受益匪浅。‎ ‎[名师指津]　involved adj.作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。例如，the involved plot“复杂的情节”(前置定语)；the people involved “所涉及的人”(后置定语)。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎①We believe the time and hard work involved (involve) in completing such an important project are worthwhile.‎ ‎②Running your own business usually involves working (work) long hours.‎ ‎③Do not get involved with individuals who are already committed to others.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎④I don't feel like getting_involved_with their business, so I will not go to the meeting for their discussion.‎ 我不想和他们的事有什么关联，所以我不打算去参加他们的讨论会。‎ ‎⑤If you are_involved_in an accident, you are required to remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.‎ 如果你卷入一场交通事故中，在警官让你离开前，你应该待在原地。‎ ‎⑥Don't involve_me_in your trouble.‎ 不要把我牵扯到你的麻烦里。‎ ‎9．pull through　使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关(危机)；克服/战胜(困难)；(大病、手术等后)康复，痊愈 ‎ [经典例句]Thanks to his strong constitution, Jack was able to pull through his recent serious illness.‎ 幸亏他体质好，杰克才得以平安度过了最近这场大病。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Our force pulled back in order to mislead the enemy.‎ 我们的部队撤退是为了迷惑敌人。‎ ‎ I had a bad tooth pulled out yesterday.‎ 我昨天拔了一颗蛀牙。‎ ‎ (2013·福建高考完形)We soon pull up by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories rushing back, swift as the tide (潮水)．‎ 我们很快在那座房子前停下了车，我告诉她房子是什么样子，记忆如潮水般快速涌回脑海。‎ ‎ Word came that the old buildings in this area would be pulled down to build up an amusement park.‎ 消息传来说这一地区的旧建筑物将被拆除来建一个游乐场。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.介、副词填空 ‎①The express from Rome pulled in on time.‎ ‎②The economic situation was serious, but we pulled through．‎ ‎③When all passengers were on board, the train pulled out of the station.‎ ‎④The bus had pulled away when she got there.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎⑤So_long_as_we_pull_together there's no mountain top we can't conquer.‎ 只要咱们一条心，就没有攀登不上的高峰。‎ ‎⑥I told the driver to_pull_up,_and then I got out.‎ 我告诉司机停一下，然后我下了车。‎ ‎⑦They pulled_down the warehouse to build a new supermarket.‎ 他们拆掉了仓库来建一个新超市。‎ ‎[常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]‎ ‎1．injury　n．伤害，伤口 ‎[练习]用injure的适当形式填空 ‎①Don't do that or you'll do yourself an injury．‎ ‎②Mr. Smith ran into a truck, got injured when he drove his car.‎ ‎[归纳领悟]injure v．→injured adj.→injury n.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2．calm　vt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 ‎ ‎[练习]完成句子 ‎①(2014·安徽高考阅读B)Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed_down．‎ 露西和她的助手藏在车中直到愤怒的蜂群安静下来。‎ ‎②The firefighters kept_calm in face of great danger, which surprised us all.‎ 面对巨大危险，消防员们还能保持镇静，这使我们都非常吃惊。‎ ‎③It was difficult to calm_her_down,_as she was too excited.‎ 要使她镇静下来是很困难的，因为她太激动了。‎ ‎[归纳领悟]calm (sb.) down “(使某人)平静下来；镇静下来”；be/stay/keep/remain calm“保持镇静”。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎3．fortunately　adv.幸运地 ‎[练习]用fortunately的适当形式填空 ‎①He was extremely fortunate to survive.‎ ‎②You'll make a fortune out of it.‎ ‎[归纳领悟] fortunate为形容词，fortune为名词，make a fortune“发财，致富”。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎4．react　vi.作出反应；回应 ‎[练习]单句语法填空 ‎①How did the audience react to his lecture?‎ ‎②I wonder why he reacts against my suggestion.‎ ‎③Oxygen will react with nearly all organic materials and metals.‎ ‎[归纳领悟] react to “对……作出反应”；react against “反对”；react with ... “与……起化学反应”。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎5．come to do sth.　开始(认识、理解)‎ ‎[练习]完成句子 Some day you will come_to_realize the importance of saving.‎ 将来有一天你会意识到节约的重要性。‎ ‎[归纳领悟]come to know/realize表示“开始认识/意识到……”。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．Millions of people all over China were_watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.‎ 在飞船安全着陆的时刻，全中国亿万人民都正在观看电视直播。‎ ‎ (1)were watching ... when ... 为“be doing ... when ...”句型，意为“正在做……，这时(突然)……”，when为并列连词。当when用作并列连词时，全句重心在when引导的句子上。其中when不能换成while, as, then等。‎ ‎ He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm struck his ears.‎ 他正躺在床上，突然听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。‎ ‎(2)when作并列连词的其他常用句型：‎ be about to do ...when ... 　正打算做……这时……had just done ...when ... 刚做了……这时……be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时……‎ ‎ She was just about to open the window and shout at the dog to frighten it when she stopped and stood quite still.‎ 她正要开窗朝狗大喊来吓吓它，突然她停下来，站着不动了。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎①I_was_still_sleeping (我还在睡觉) when the fire broke out and then it spread quickly.‎ ‎②I_had_just_gone_to_bed_when (我刚刚上床睡觉这时突然) someone knocked at the door.‎ Ⅱ.单句写作 ‎③(2014·福建高考书面表达)就在我要放弃时，我爸爸走过来鼓励我继续。‎ I_was_about_to_give_up_when_my_father_came_and_encouraged_me_to_keep_going.‎ ‎④(2012·北京高考情景作文)今天早晨，我正在街上走着，这时(突然)看到两个看上去很茫然的游客在看地图。‎ This morning, I_was_walking_on_the_street_when I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled.‎ ‎2．Jennifer was in the kitchen, with_her_hands_in_a_bowl_of_flour,_when she saw a small boy climb into a truck.‎ 在詹妮弗看到一个小男孩爬进一辆卡车里的时候，她正在厨房里，双手在面粉盆里和面。‎ ‎(1)句中with her hands in a bowl of flour为with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。这种结构常用于补充说明，大多情况下作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间等，有时作后置定语。‎ ‎ With the examinations over, we had a long time to rest.‎ 考试结束了，我们有很长一段时间可以休息。‎ ‎(2)with复合结构的构成：‎ with＋名词/代词＋名词/形容词/副词介词短语现在分词过去分词动词不定式 ‎ With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.‎ 价格上涨得如此快，我们买不起奢侈品了。‎ ‎ She had to walk home with her bike stolen.‎ 因为她的自行车被偷了，她只能走着回家。‎ ‎ With you to help us, we'll surely succeed.‎ 有你来帮我们，我们一定会成功。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在with复合结构中，不同形式的非谓语动词作宾语补足语时含义不同。表示将来的动作用to do; 表示主动进行的动作用doing；表示过去的动作用done。‎ 多维训练 Ⅰ.用with的复合结构完成句子 ‎①With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_I have no time to go out with you.‎ 有许多工作要做，我没时间和你一起出去。‎ ‎②We found the house easily with_the_little_boy_leading_the_way．‎ 由那个小男孩带路，我们很容易地找到了那所房子。‎ ‎③With_their_homework_finished,_they went home happily.‎ 做完作业，他们高高兴兴地回家了。‎ Ⅱ.翻译句子 ‎④然而，随着时间的流逝，我不得不与这个朋友告别。‎ However,_with_time_going_by,_I_have_to_say_goodbye_to_this_friend.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[单元基础落实练]‎ Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Both my brothers are reporters (report). Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings is their duty.‎ ‎2．Harvard University, founded (found) in 1636, is the oldest university in the United States.‎ ‎3．The illness disabled her and left her unable to study and work, she suffered a lot from her disability．(disable)‎ ‎4．He is a kind and generous old man and he generously contributed a lot of money to the village primary school last week. His generosity is worth admiring.(generous)‎ ‎5．(2016·武汉调研)The violent pictures in which some Japanese soldiers were violently shooting the Chinese civilians made the old man call back the violence of the invaders.(violent)‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．We were about to leave for Shanghai while it began to rain.while→when ‎2．As I grow up, I come to realizing that love is the most precious thing in one's life.realizing→realize ‎3．It's generous for you to give me so much help.for→of ‎4．I don't think he is equal to do this kind of work, so I can't hire him.do→doing ‎5．He is too old to live of his own.of→on Ⅲ.选词填空 take off, separate from, because of, agree with, work with, begin with, look back on, speak about, get involved with, draw attention to ‎1．(2016·厦门适应性考试)I don't like to get_involved_with people doing the dirty work, so I want to make sure you are an honest person.‎ ‎2．We couldn't get him to speak_about his war experience.‎ ‎3．The media can often solve problems and draw_attention_to situations where help is needed.‎ ‎4．They like to look_back_on these unforgettable years in the army.‎ ‎5．I had not been_separated_from my son for longer than a couple of hours.‎ ‎6．(2016·东北三省四市高三联合考试)Many motorists were forced to stop over in that town because_of floods.‎ ‎7．Most of the people I work_with are early birds.‎ ‎8．Beginning_with the Nanchang Uprising, the party led a series of armed struggles.‎ ‎9．The witnesses' statements just don't agree_with each other.‎ ‎10．Our plane is about to take_off. Please fasten your seat belt.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．(2016·泉州五中模拟)In the film Jane Eyre, Jane and Mr. Rochester were_holding the wedding ‎ ceremony when Mr. Rochester's wife broke in.‎ 在《简·爱》这部电影中，当简和罗切斯特先生正在举行婚礼时，罗切斯特先生的妻子闯了进来。‎ ‎2．Twenty minutes later, he left with_tears_in_his_eyes. ‎ ‎20分钟之后， 他眼里含着泪离开了。‎ ‎3．(2016·山西太原五中月考)While_speaking_of her first space travel, the female astronaut, Liu Yang became very excited.‎ 当谈到她的首次太空之旅时，女宇航员刘洋变得很激动。‎ ‎4．(2016·深圳市高三调研)His remark not only broke the ice, but_also_aroused_everyone's_interest．‎ 他的发言不仅打破了冷场，而且引起了大家的兴趣。‎ ‎5．Work/Study_hard,_and you'll be admitted by a key university.‎ 努力学习，你会被重点大学录取的。‎ ‎6．Do_you_have_any_difficulty/trouble_(in)_getting involved in the Ice Bucket Challenge?‎ 你参加冰桶挑战有困难吗？‎ ‎7．Le Jia always puts his hand on his bald head, smiling．‎ 乐嘉经常把手放在他的光头上，微笑着。‎ ‎8．Besides, I'm easy to_get_along_with and I like to make friends.‎ 另外，我容易相处，也喜欢交朋友。‎ Ⅴ.课文缩写语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China's first manned spaceship lifted off at 9 a．m. on Wednesday, October 15th, 2003 in Jiu Quan, Gansu Province. It carried China's first astronaut, Yang Liwei, ①who was a pilot in the army. The launch was ②successful (success). “When the spaceship separated ③from the rocket, I suddenly got ④a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity，” said Yang Liwei. The Shenzhou Ⅴ circled the earth 14 times. When the spaceship ⑤was_doing (do) its seventh circle, Yang showed the flags of China and the United Nations, ⑥expressing (express) the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space ⑦peacefully (peaceful)．Yang landed in Inner Mongolia safely at 6：23 a．m. on October 16th. He told reporters that when Shenzhou Ⅴ let ⑧out its parachute, he felt the ship was shaking. Millions of people all over China ⑨were_watching (watch) TV when the spaceship landed safely. Yang was happy to return home ⑩but he thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.‎ Ⅵ.话题微写作 根据提示， 利用本单元所学知识， 完成下面的小作文。‎ ‎1．每位运动员都想参加将在里约热内卢举行的2016年奥运会，对他们来说那是一个重要的场合。(take part in, occasion)‎ ‎2．尽管他们都知道取得成功并不容易，但是他们依然认真对待此事并且充满自信。(even if, it 作形式主语，be confident of)‎ ‎3．不幸的是，并不是所有的运动员都能够有幸参加奥运会。(get involved with)‎ ‎4．我们钦佩那些为国家做出贡献的运动员，他们也值得我们的祝贺。(make contributions to, congratulation)‎ Every athlete wants to take part in the Olympic Games to be held in Rio in 2016, which is an important occasion for them. Even if they all know it is not easy to achieve success, they still take it seriously and are confident of themselves. Unfortunately, not all the athletes are fortunate to get involved with the Olympic Games.‎ ‎ We admire those athletes who make contributions to our country, and they also deserve our congratulations.‎ ‎[高考题型提能练]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎ (2016·江西省高三模拟)‎ The Tropical Paradise Holiday ‎ ‎ Welcome to St Anna, our tropical paradise just off the coast of Latin America. You can spend two weeks in our luxury fourstar hotel. The cost of your flight is included in the holiday, and you can be picked up from your home by our special airport bus. On your arriving, our coach will be waiting to take you to the hotel. All flights leave from Heathrow on a Monday morning.‎ The Cowrie Hotel is built right on the beachfront, and many rooms have wonderful ocean views. If swimming and surfing are not enough for you, the hotel also offers horse rides on the island, and a discount membership of the golf club.‎ The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday ‎ ‎ Every year Broughton holidays offer twelve days of unforgettable adventure in a tropical rain forest. You may have a choice of Borneo, Malaysia, Indonesia, or even to the greatest rain forest of them all, the mighty Amazonian forest.‎ You will fly to our special base camps at the edge of the forest, where you will be given five days of survival training, and talks on the local wildlife.‎ Then you take a bus into the forest. You will have to walk the final five miles to the camp sites to avoid disturbing the local ecology. All of the camp sites have been carefully built to cause the minimal amount of disturbance to the local wildlife.‎ Remember that these adventure holidays take you deep into the wilderness, and they are not suitable for families with young children. Also remember that no more than two dozen guests can stay at any camp at one time, so if you want to go on one of these very special holidays, you will need to book early!‎ 语篇解读：本文是广告文体阅读。文章主要介绍了两个假期旅游的好去处，介绍了旅游的方式和主要风景和活动等。‎ ‎1．What can we learn about the rain forest holiday?‎ A．Travelers will learn to talk with wild animals. ‎ B．Different means of transportation will be used.‎ C．The holiday will end with a survival training. ‎ D．Booking early, travelers will get a discount.‎ 解析：选B　判断推理题。根据The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday中的第二、三段可知，可坐飞机、步行和坐公交车等，选B。‎ ‎2．What kind of people will probably choose the rain forest holiday?‎ A．People loving water sports. ‎ B．People travelling with children.‎ C．People preferring comfortable hotels.‎ D．People concerned with environment and wildlife.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday中的第三段的“You will have to walk the final five miles ... to cause the minimal amount of disturbance to the local wildlife.”判断应该是关注环境和野生动物的人们去野营。故选D。‎ ‎3．Which of the following is mentioned in both holidays?‎ A．Transportation.　　　　　B．Price.‎ C．Reservation. D．Departure time.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章The Tropical Paradise Holiday部分和The Rain Forest Adventure Holiday都提到的是flight，应是两段都提到交通方式。故选A。‎ B ‎ ‎ ‎(2016·陕西省九校联考)More than 4 in 10 cancers — 600，000 in the UK alone — could be prevented if people led healthier lives, say experts. The population of the UK is about 63，000，000.‎ Latest figures from Cancer Research UK show smoking is the biggest avoidable risk factor, followed by unhealthy diets. The charity advises people to live healthily, limit alcohol intake and do regular exercise.‎ According to the figures from 2007 to 2011, more than 300，000 cases of cancer recorded were linked to smoking. A further 145，000 were linked to unhealthy diets containing too much processed food. Obesity contributed to 88，000 cases and alcohol to 62，200. Sun damage to the skin and physical inactivity were also contributing factors.‎ Professor Max Parkin, a Cancer Research UK statistician, says, “There's now little doubt that certain lifestyle choices can have a big influence on cancer risk, with research around the world all pointing to the same key risk factors.”‎ ‎“Of course everyone wants to enjoy some extra treats during the Christmas holidays so we don't want to ban beef pies and wine but it's a good time to think about taking up some healthy habits.”‎ ‎“Leading a healthy lifestyle can't guarantee someone won't get cancer but we_can_stack_the_odds_in_our_favour by taking positive steps.”‎ Public Health England says a healthy lifestyle can play an important role in reducing cancer risk. It says campaigns such as Smokefree, Dry January and Change4Life Sugar Swaps all aim to raise public awareness. It's important that we not only continue to make progress in noticing cancer earlier and improving treatments, but helping people understand how they can reduce their risk of developing cancer in the first place remains important in dealing with cancer.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。专家们认为，如果我们拥有健康的生活方式，那么超过十分之四的癌症是可以避免的。‎ ‎4.Which of the following is the third biggest avoidable cancer factor?‎ A．Obesity.　　　　　　　 B．Alcohol intake.‎ C．Unhealthy diets. D．Physical inactivity.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，可避免的致癌因素中排名第一的是吸烟，第二是不健康的饮食，第三是肥胖，第四是喝酒。‎ ‎5．According to Professor Max Parkin, ________．‎ A．it's OK to drink wine during festivals B．the causes of cancer are still unclear now C．unhealthy food should be completely banned D．a healthy lifestyle will protect us from cancer 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“everyone wants to enjoy some extra treats during the Christmas holidays so we don't want to ban beef pies and wine”可知，Max Parkin 教授虽然极力倡导健康的生活方式，但他认为节假日期间少量喝酒还是可以的。‎ ‎6．By saying the underlined words in Paragraph 6, Professor Max Parkin means we can________．‎ A．help others B．improve our lives C．discover cancer early D．decrease our cancer risk 解析：选D　句意理解题。根据第四段中的“certain lifestyle choices can have a big influence on cancer risk”可知，生活方式的选择对得癌症的几率有很大的影响。因此，健康的生活方式虽然不能确保我们不得癌症，但可以“降低我们得癌症的几率”。‎ ‎7．What's the main idea of the text?‎ A．Most cancers are caused by smoking.‎ B．Cancer is greatly linked to our lifestyle.‎ C．There are different factors that lead to cancer.‎ D．Public awareness should be raised to prevent cancer.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。本文前三段通过数据等说明可避免的致癌因素的前几名都跟生活方式有关，第四、五、六段引用 Max Parkin ‎ 教授的话进一步证明了生活方式与癌症之间的关系，最后一段通过英国公共卫生局的官方发言再一次说明了健康的生活方式可以降低得癌症的几率。故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.任务型阅读 ‎ Money Matters ‎ Parents should help their children understand money. 1.________ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candies or toys, for example. ‎ The basic function of money Being explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the thing he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier (收银员). 2.________ When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money. ‎ ‎ Money lessons ‎ Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 3.________ If you must say no to a child's request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”‎ ‎ 4. ________ ‎ ‎ Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product — a name brand butter and a generic (无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 5.________ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. ‎ A．Wise decision B．The value of money C．Permit the child to choose between them.‎ D．Tell your child why he can — or cannot — have certain things. ‎ E．Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. ‎ F．Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.‎ G．The best time to teach a child something about money is when he shows an interest.‎ 答案：1～5　GFDAC Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎ ‎ ‎(2016·济南教学测评调研考试)When he was 5, Nicholas Lowinger visited a homeless shelter with his mother. He was __1__ to show off his new lightup sneakers. But his mom warned him against doing so, __2__ that these children might not have such things.‎ ‎__3__ enough, when Nicholas met kids at the shelter, he __4__ realized that they were living in circumstances that were different from his own.‎ ‎“I saw other kids who looked just like me. The only __5__ was that they were wearing __6__ shoes that were falling apart. Some didn't have a pair of shoes to call their own，” said Nicholas, now 15. “I've been __7__ to grow up in a family that is able to provide me with whatever I need. A lot of kids here in the U．S. don't have the same __8__．”‎ That first shelter __9__ left a strong impression on Nicholas, who started __10__ all the shoes he'd outgrown to local shelters. But he soon __11__ that his donations weren't that helpful.‎ ‎“It __12__ me that I only had used shoes to give to them __13__ new shoes that fit right，” he said. “No two people's feet are exactly the same, and __14__ you are wearing someone else's worn shoes, your feet aren't going to be comfortable.”‎ So at the age of 12, Nicholas started a program that donates __15__ shoes to homeless children. __16__， his efforts were part of a community service project. With the help of his parents, he then started the Gotta ‎ Have Sole Foundation, which has donated new footwear to more than 10，000 __17__ children in 21 states.‎ ‎“Something that seems so __18__， a pair of shoes, can make children feel __19__ about themselves and gain confidence.” Nicholas __20__ other young people to do the same.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Nicholas在5岁时随妈妈拜访了无家可归者的收容所。这给他留下了深刻的印象，于是他发起了一个为无家可归者捐鞋的活动来帮助他们。他还鼓励其他年轻人也去做相同的事情。‎ ‎1.A.disappointed　　　　　B.puzzled C.excited D.surprised 解析：选C　根据空格后的“to show off his new light－up sneakers”可推知，Nicholas为可以炫耀他的能发光的新运动鞋而感到兴奋(excited)。故选C。‎ ‎2.A.explaining B.expecting C.deciding D.judging 解析：选A　根据空格前的“But his mom warned him against doing so”可知，Nicholas的妈妈警告他不要这么做，并向他解释了(explaining)原因，因为收容所里的孩子可能没有这样的东西。故选A。‎ ‎3.A.Terribly B.Sure C.Strangely D.Fair 解析：选B　根据空格后的“... living in circumstances that were different from his own”可知，果然如妈妈所说，Nicholas发现收容所里的孩子们过着跟他不一样的生活。sure enough“果然，果真”，符合语境。‎ ‎4.A.actually B.possibly C.quickly D.simply 解析：选C　根据第一段最后一句和空格后的内容可知，Nicholas来到收容所后，很快(quickly)就意识到收容所里的孩子们的生活环境和他自己的有所不同。故选C。‎ ‎5.A.result B.problem C.reason D.difference 解析：选D　根据上段和空格前的“I saw other kids who looked just like me. The only ...”可知，住在收容所里的孩子看起来和Nicholas差不多大，唯一的不同是他们穿着破损不堪的旧鞋子。故选D。‎ ‎6.A.old B.big C.special D.heavy 解析：选A　根据空格后的“shoes that were falling apart”可推知，住在收容所里的孩子们穿的是破损不堪的旧鞋子。故选A。‎ ‎7.A.brave B.fortunate C.healthy D.selfish 解析：选B　根据空后内容可知，Nicholas感到很幸运(fortunate)，因为他成长在一个能给他提供任何他需要的东西的家庭。故选B。‎ ‎8.A.education B.experiences C.clothing D.opportunities 解析：选D　根据上句可知，Nicholas感到生长在一个能给他提供任何他需要的东西的家庭是很幸运的。而美国的很多孩子却没有同样的机会。opportunity“机会”，符合语境。‎ ‎9.A.lecture B.show C.visit D.class 解析：选C　根据文章第一段第一句中的“visited a homeless shelter with his mother”可知，此处指第一次的拜访(visit)就给Nicholas留下了很深的印象。故选C。‎ ‎10.A.donating B.posting C.selling D.delivering 解析：选A　根据上文内容可知，收容所里的孩子们穿着破旧的鞋子给Nicholas留下了很深的印象，于是他开始将自己穿小了的鞋捐给(donating)当地的收容所。下句中的“donations”‎ 也是提示。故选A。‎ ‎11.A.remembered B.admitted C.doubted D.realized 解析：选D　根据下文“No two people's feet ... to be comfortable.”可知，Nicholas很快意识到(realized)他的捐赠对那些无家可归的孩子们不是那么有帮助。故选D。‎ ‎12.A.delighted B.bothered C.amazed D.astonished 解析：选B　根据下文可知，因为每个人的脚并不完全相同，所以旧鞋穿到别人脚上可能会不舒服。而自己只有旧鞋而没有新鞋可以捐赠，这一点让Nicholas很烦恼(bothered)。故选B。‎ ‎13.A.because of B.apart from C.instead of D.except for 解析：选C　句意同上。because of“因为，由于”；apart from“远离，除……之外”；instead of“而不是……”；except for“除了……之外”。故选C。‎ ‎14.A.if B.once C.until D.though 解析：选A　根据本句前半部分“No two people's feet are exactly the same”可知，没有两个人的脚会完全一样，如果你穿别人穿过的鞋，你的脚不会很舒服。此处表示假设的条件，故选A。‎ ‎15.A.expensive B.new C.strong D.unique 解析：选B　根据上文内容可知，Nicholas意识到如果我们穿别人穿过的鞋，脚会不舒服，于是在12岁时，他发起了一项活动，为无家可归的孩子们捐赠新(new)鞋。故选B。‎ ‎16.A.At least B.In fact C.In addition D.At first 解析：选D　根据下一句中的“then”可知，与之相对应的应该是at first，意为“最初，起先”。故选D。‎ ‎17.A.homeless B.special C.poor D.sick 解析：选A　根据该段第一句中的“to homeless children”可知，在父母的帮助下，Nicholas启动了Gotta Have Sole Foundation项目，为21个州的1万多名无家可归的(homeless)孩子捐赠了新鞋。故选A。‎ ‎18.A.useless B.simple C.funny D.cheap 解析：选B　根据空格后的“a pair of shoes, can make children feel ______ about themselves and gain confidence”可知，捐赠一双鞋这么简单的(simple)事就能让孩子们感觉很好并且获得自信。故选B。‎ ‎19.A.warm B.lucky C.good D.sad 解析：选C　句意同上。warm“温暖的，热情的”；lucky“幸运的”；good“好的”；sad“难过的，悲哀的”。故选C。‎ ‎20.A.forces B.commands C.prefers D.encourages 解析：选D　因为Nicholas从捐鞋这件小事中受益匪浅，所以他鼓励其他年轻人也去做相同的事情。encourage“鼓励，支持”，符合语境。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2016·江西省九校联合考试)Last night, I saw a great film, Forrest Gump. I am great impressed by this film, by the stories of Forrest Gump. Forrest Gump was born in small village. He was born mentally disabled, and he was discriminated by other.But his mother is a strong female who encouraged Gump to be strong but live the same as normal people. Beside, he meets Jenny, a tragic but kindhearted girl.With the love of his mother and Jenny, Forrest Gump begins his running all his life. I am moving by his strong willing, kindness and optimism. There are many miracles in his life what seem impossible to him. But I ‎ know it is reasonable, because of he wins them with his noble personalities.‎ 答案：第二句：great→greatly 第三句：small前加a 第四句：other→others 第五句：encouraged→encourages; but→and 第六句：Beside→Besides 第八句：moving→moved; willing→will 第九句：what→that/which 第十句：去掉of ‎