2020届人教版高考英语必修3知识串讲：unit4

2020届人教版高考英语必修3知识串讲：unit4

人教版必修三-unit 4‎ ‎【基础词汇】‎ ‎1.atom n. 　原子　 ‎ ‎2.billion pron.&n.&adj. 　<英>万亿;<美>十亿　 ‎ ‎3.globe n. 　球体;地球仪;地球　 ‎ ‎4.carbon n. 　碳　 ‎ ‎5.atmosphere n. 　大气层;气氛　 ‎ ‎6.fundamental adj. 　基本的;基础的　 ‎ ‎7.acid n. 　酸　 ‎ ‎8.chain n. 　链子;连锁;锁链　 ‎ ‎9.multiply vi.&vt. 　乘;增加　 ‎ ‎10.oxygen n. 　氧　 ‎ ‎11.dioxide n. 　二氧化物　 ‎ ‎12.gravity n. 　万有引力;重力　 ‎ ‎13.satellite n. 　卫星;人造卫星　 ‎ ‎14.climate n. 　气候　 ‎ ‎15.crash vi.&vt. 　碰撞;坠落　 ‎ ‎16.spaceship n. 　宇宙飞船　 ‎ ‎【高频词汇】‎ ‎1.　system　 n.系统;体系;制度 ‎ ‎2.　theory　 n.学说;理论 ‎ ‎3.　unlike　prep.不同;不像 ‎ ‎4.　thus　 adv.因此;于是 ‎ ‎5.　puzzle　 n.谜;难题　vt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难 ‎ ‎6.　pull　 n.&vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力 ‎ ‎【核心单词】‎ ‎1.astronomy　n.天文学→astronaut　n.宇航员→astronomer　 n.天文学家 ‎ ‎2.　religion　 n.宗教;宗教信仰→　religious　 adj.宗教的;虔诚的 ‎ ‎3.violent　adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→violently　adv.强烈地→violence　n.暴力 ‎ ‎4.　harmful　 adj.有害的→　harm　 n.伤害;危害→　harm　 vt.伤害;危害→　harmless　 adj.无害的 ‎ ‎5.　exist　 vi.存在;生存→　existence　 n.存在;生活(方式) ‎ ‎6.　biology　 n.生物学→　biologist　 n.生物学家 ‎ ‎7.　gentle　 adj.温和的;文雅的→　gently　 adv.轻轻地;温柔地,温和地 ‎ ‎8.physicist　 n.物理学家→physics　n.物理学→physical　adj.物理的;物理学的 ‎ ‎9.　float　 vi.&vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮→　float　 n.漂浮物 ‎ ‎【词汇联想】‎ ‎1.harmful和harm用法扫描 do harm to sb./do sb.harm 对某人有害 be harmful to sb./sth.对某人/某物有害 There is no harm in doing sth./It does no harm to do sth.做某事并无害处(反而可能带来某些好处)。‎ ‎2.“良好性格”的描写 gentle温和的 easy-going随和的 outgoing外向的 generous慷慨的 ‎3.“太空”单词集锦 astronomer n.天文学家 astronomy n.天文学 astronaut n.宇航员 satellite n.卫星 orbit n.轨道 universe n.宇宙 gravity n.万有引力 planet n.行星 spaceship n.宇宙飞船 atmosphere n.大气层 ‎4.由thus想到的 therefore因此 however然而 still仍然 besides此外;而且 moreover 而且;此外 meanwhile同时,其间 otherwise否则;另外;在其他方面 ‎【短语】‎ ‎1.solar system 太阳系 ‎2.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 ‎3.lay eggs 下蛋 ‎4.give birth to 产生;分娩 ‎5.block out 挡住(光线)‎ ‎6.get the hang of 精通;掌握 ‎7.watch out for 密切注意;当心;提防 ‎8.in all directions 向四面八方 ‎1.及时;终于 in time ‎2.轮到某人;接着 in one’s turn ‎3.阻止;制止 prevent...from ‎4.既然 now that ‎5.突发;爆发 break out ‎6.感到高兴;感到振奋 cheer up ‎【短语联想】‎ ‎1.cheer常用短语 cheer on向……欢呼,为……鼓劲加油 cheer up(使)高兴起来,(使)振奋起来 Cheers!干杯!‎ ‎2.“小心;当心”高频短语 be careful小心 watch out for小心;当心 look out当心 take care小心 ‎3.birth用法小结 give birth to生,引起,产生 at birth在出生时 by birth在血统上 from birth自出生以来 ‎【句式】‎ ‎1.They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which 　were to make the earth’s atmosphere. ‎ 它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。‎ 考点提炼be to do sth.“计划干某事,注定干某事”。‎ ‎2.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop. ‎ 这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能发展了。‎ 考点提炼“make it+ adj.+for sb./sth.+to do sth.”结构中,it是形式宾语,代替不定式结构。‎ ‎3.We watched,amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased. ‎ 我们惊奇地看着,随着地球的引力增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。‎ 考点提炼第一个as引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”;第二个as也引导时间状语从句,意为“随着……”。‎ ‎【仿写句子】‎ ‎1.约翰总是乐于帮助别人,这就注定了他会受欢迎。‎ John is always ready to help others,which is to make him very popular.‎ ‎2.他们团结协作,这就使得他们可能在三小时内完成这项工作。‎ They work together,which makes it possible for them to finish the work within three hours.‎ ‎3.我一边写,笔一边颤抖。‎ My pen trembles as I write.‎ ‎【语篇填空】‎ No one 1.　knows　(know)exactly how the earth began.According to a 2.　widely　(wide)accepted theory,the universe began with a “Big Bang”,3.　which　 exploded loudly and produced water vapour and many 4.　gases　(gas)making the earth’s atmosphere.As the earth cooled down,water appeared and stayed 5.　on　 the surface.It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas,which made 6.　it　 possible for life to develop.First,the appearance of small plants encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next,green plants began to grow on land,7.　followed　(follow)by land animals.So reptiles appeared for the first time.‎ Later,dinosaurs developed.However,they suddenly disappeared.After that,mammals came into being.Finally,humans 8.　appeared　(appear)and spread all over the earth.However,they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,9.　making　(make)the earth too hot to live on.So,whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 10.　whether　 this problem can be solved. ‎