2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：选修8Unit2课下作业（一_三）

2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：选修8Unit2课下作业（一_三）

选修8 Unit 2 课下作业（一~三）‎ 课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.‎ ‎2．As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world. ‎ ‎3．Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止) here.‎ ‎4．Economists are working on the assumption (假设) of an interest rate cut.‎ ‎5．I think our offer is reasonable (合情理的) and realistic and you shouldn't turn it down.‎ ‎6．This question is quite straightforward (直接的), while that one is much more complicated.‎ ‎7．But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks (缺点) which should not be neglected. ‎ ‎8．She is overweight, but she can't resist (抵制；抵抗) eating more delicious food.‎ ‎9．They may know the rules correctly, but they are unable (不能的) to use them to work out practical problems.‎ ‎10．Babies can sense whether an adult is happy or not merely (仅仅) on the basis of clues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．Robert, ❶differing (differ) from most of the elderly, doesn't enjoy his old age in peace after retiring ❷from work. Instead, he felt his health was ❸in good condition and now he ❹is_undertaking (undertake) the duty of helping maintain the order of his community. Accidents used to occur here frequently, which made people feel cast ❺down. Several kids ❻were_struck (strike) by private cars and this situation ❼bothered (bother) most of the residents. Robert couldn't resist ❽joining (join) in his community volunteer service. They took steps ❾to_forbid (forbid) drunken drivers from driving in and out. Their efforts finally paid❿off.Since then, no accident has ever happened again，owing (owe) to efforts of volunteers like Robert and he has_obtained (obtain) the respect of all community residents. ‎ ‎2．It's common that people hold ❶different (differ) views on the same issue. To get the work done, it is important to raise ❷objections (object) frankly rather than set aside the differences. Nothing could be better than putting forward a more ❸reasonable (reason) solution.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．他们反对坐公共汽车去那儿，因为它会花费很长时间。(object)‎ They objected_to_going_there_by_bus because it would take a long time.‎ ‎2．最让他沮丧的是没人费心告诉他更改了的时间表。(bother)‎ What upset him most was that nobody had_bothered_to_tell_him about the changed timetable. ‎ ‎3．我突然想起家中没有人。(strike)‎ It_struck_me_that there was no one at home.‎ ‎4．当她最终获得奥运金牌的时候，那位运动员多年的艰苦训练得到了回报。(pay off)‎ The_athlete's_years_of_hard_training_paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.‎ ‎5．抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)‎ A disadvantage of copying others' homework is that_you_can_not_master_what_you have_learned.‎ Ⅳ.语境辨义 根据语境选出strike的词性和词义 ‎(A)vt.使突然想到/想起　　　　　(B)vt.突然袭击 ‎(C)vt.打动；给……以深刻印象　 (D)v.打；敲；击 ‎(E)n.罢工 (F)vt.& vi.(钟)报时 ‎1．Greatly struck by the beauty of the English language, I thought how even today Shakespeare's writing remains powerful and true.__C__‎ ‎2．It struck me that we might have made a wrong decision.__A__‎ ‎3．I got up early this morning before the clock struck five.__F__‎ ‎4．A big earthquake struck the city last year, killing dozens of people.__B__‎ ‎5．You'd better strike while the iron is hot.__D__‎ ‎6．The key reason for the black people's strike was their poor living and working conditions.__E__‎ 课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练 Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Be Careful about Cloning After a series of initial experiments and corrections, the scientist's hard work ❶paid_off (得到好结果) when the twin clone turkeys were hatched with normal feather and claws.This breakthrough possibly enabled people to bring their adored pets back to life.However, it bothered him from time to time that their health was in poor condition because they were unable ❷to_resist (resist) illnesses.This drawback cast him down.❸Merely (mere) 2 weeks later, the clones and their carrier died, which struck frustration into his heart.He retired before he attained his ambition and became a member of an opera chorus to relieve his depression.‎ Shortly afterwards, the media published a conservative ❹argument (argue) objecting to cloning owing to moral problems, and suggested the constitution include compulsory regulations to forbid ❺obtaining (obtain) commercial profits from cloning.‎ When interviewed, the scientist stared at the decorations on the ceiling, thinking for a while, ‎ and then said, “I'm not in favour of any arbitrary ❻assumption (assume), but undertaking cloning does differ from the straightforward procedure of making loafs out of flour.Until we accumulate enough exact knowledge, any practice is in vain and is bound ❼to_fail (fail)．Altogether, being more careful is ❽reasonable (reason) or we may walk into a side road.”‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 cloning， unique， become a reality， be proud of， cloned mother， communicate with， as far as I'm concerned， be beneficial to， bring about， respect life ‎ The following are the opinions of some middle school students about ❶cloning.‎ Li Meng: I hope that scientists can use cloning to produce children as soon as possible. My aunt lost her husband two years ago. She loves him so much that she is determined not to marry again. But she wants to have a child. So all my family hope human cloning will ❷become_a_reality soon, and then I will have a cousin to play with!‎ Zheng Lijun: Why do people want to clone human beings? I won't clone myself, even if it is possible. I am ❸unique in the world and I ❹am_proud_of that. If another Zheng Lijun appeared, there would not be any need for me to exist.‎ Yang Qing: I wish I could have a ❺cloned_mother as soon as possible. Since I am very naughty at school, my mother is often asked to visit the teacher. She never blames me after ❻communicating_with my teacher, but she is sad for a few days. So I want to clone another mother to meet the teacher instead of my current mother!‎ ‎❼As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_while cloning ❽is_beneficial_to the world in many aspects, I don't think that cloning human beings is acceptable. It may ❾bring_about many unexpected problems. We should ❿respect_life and let everything stay as it is.‎ 课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·陕西质检一)It's easy to keep your aging brain as quick as it was in college. Use a website full of brain games or download the right apps, and within 20 minutes you'll be doing your part to sharpen your memory and slow the decline of your mental functions. At least that's what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true?‎ Concrete proof about the benefits of brain games is hard to come by, experts say, when it comes to measurably improving aspects of mental fitness, like having a good memory. “People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but there's just no solid evidence，” says Randall W. Engle, a primary investigator at the Attention & Working Memory Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology.‎ That's not to say brain games are without benefits. Experts say these kinds of mental exercises can change your brain. The brain changes with just about everything you do, including ‎ mental training exercises. But numerous studies have shown that brain games lack what researchers call “transfer”. In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging won't necessarily come to a stop.‎ ‎“It's like, you walk through fresh snow, and you leave a trace. If you walk the same route again, the trace gets deeper and deeper，” says Ursula Staudinger, director of the Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University. The fact that structural changes occur does not imply that in general this brain has become more capable. It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。据说脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但是研究表明，脑力游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧的掌握，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；其作用还有待证明。‎ ‎1．We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.‎ A．brain games improve the memory B．brain aging actually can be quitted C．people don't believe brain games D．the author doubts the effect of brain games 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“At least that's what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true？”可知，这个蓬勃发展的行业背后的公司会让人相信脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但作者对其真实性表示怀疑，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．What does Engle think of the functions of brain games?‎ A．They really make some difference.‎ B．Their effects still need proving.‎ C．People like to be led by the nose.‎ D．People don't believe the effects.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but there's just no solid evidence”可知，Randall W. Engle 认为这种游戏的功能还有待证明，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．‎ A．stopping the brain aging B．having the brain working C．making the brain more passive D．speeding up the brain aging 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“In other words, repeating a game over and ‎ over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging won't necessarily come to a stop.”可知，多次重复玩一个游戏，会让你更加熟练地操作游戏，但大脑老化并不能停止；再结合画线词所在句可知，很多研究都表明脑力游戏不能使大脑停止老化，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．Which can be the best title of the passage?‎ A．Games Stop Brain Aging B．Unavoidable Brain Aging C．Games' Roles Need Proving D．Games Improve Your Brain 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了能提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能衰退的脑力游戏，但是研究表明，这些游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧掌握的能力，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；游戏的作用还有待证明。据此可知，C项最适合作为本文的标题。‎ B ‎(2019·武汉市武昌区调研)Every now and then, a product comes along that proves itself a complete gamechanger, as is the case with a new British brand and invention, Eyejusters — the reading glasses that you can focus yourself — for less than ￡ 70!‎ With 6 in 10 people wearing glasses in the UK, those with perfect vision are increasingly in the minority. And of those who do require glasses, many find themselves requiring two or three pairs of glasses in order to complete different tasks throughout the day. As well as being an added expense on_top_of everything else, this also means carrying around (and trying not to lose) those extra pairs!‎ Eyejusters allow you to instantly change the lens (镜片) strength of your glasses with hidden dials, tucked just inside the frames ‎ themselves. Eyejusters work by the wearer simply turning the concealed eyeDials to change the focus to fit your needs. The lenses adjust from ＋0.00 to ＋3.00 D. They also have antiscratch technology and are lightweight in design so you aren't paying the price of comfort for convenience.‎ The creator of Eyejusters, Owen Reading — who came up with the idea for Eyejusters with friend David Crosby, who studied physics at Oxford with him, explained: “Lots of people need reading glasses but they need glasses with lots of different strength. They might have a pair with ＋1 prescription－strength lenses for the computer, ＋2s for reading and ＋3s for really closeup stuff. Eyejusters replace the need for multiple pairs of reading glasses, by covering the whole range from zero to ＋3, which is the strongest you will find in overthecounter products.”‎ He added: “If you wear reading glasses, these are a much more flexible alternative. You can put them on and just turn the dial until what you want to see comes into focus. They are much like using binoculars (双筒望远镜)．”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种视力调节器，人们可以调整镜片焦距以达到不同的目的。‎ ‎5．Which has the closest meaning to the underlined part “on top of” in Para.2?‎ A．Joan stays on_top_of the news by reading newspapers.‎ B．A submarine can run under water as well as on_top_of water.‎ C．When I turned the corner, I was right on_top_of the post office.‎ D．He promised to help us and on_top_of that he lent us many books.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。画线部分上文讲的是，很多人需要两三副眼镜来完成不同的任务，而画线部分所在句是说这不但是一笔额外的费用，还意味着到哪里都要带着额外的眼镜。由此可以推断，on top of 的意思是“除……之外”，所以D项表达的含义与画线部分最接近。‎ ‎6．Eyejusters are popular for the following reasons EXCEPT their ________.‎ A．new brand B．antiscratch technology C．light weight D．low price 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后的“for less than ￡ 70”可知，它的价格低，排除D项；根据第三段最后一句中的“They also have antiscratch technology and are lightweight in design”可知，它有抗抓痕技术，还很轻便，排除B项和C项。故选A项。‎ ‎7．How can you make Eyejusters serve different purposes?‎ A．By folding glasses. B．By adjusting lenses.‎ C．By combining glasses. D．By changing lenses.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Eyejusters allow you to instantly change the lens (镜片) strength of your glasses with hidden dials, tucked just inside the frames themselves.”可知，人们通过调整镜片的焦距来服务于不同的目的，所以选B。‎ ‎8．Who need Eyejusters most according to Owen Reading?‎ A．People having perfect vision.‎ B．People wearing reading glasses.‎ C．People changing glasses constantly.‎ D．People preferring comfortable glasses.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，为了完成一天之内不同的任务，很多人需要两三副眼镜。Eyejusters这种新型的眼镜正好可以弥补这个缺陷，可以通过调整镜片焦距来达到不同的目的，所以选C。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 It was still raining. The shop assistant was ready to __1__. “No, please don't，” Tammy __2__. “I'm lost and I have nowhere to go.” She had __3__ her mind to stay where she was ‎ because she was sure her mom would be back to get her.‎ In the distance she heard a vehicle engine and hoped it was her mom or dad in their car. She was __4__ when she saw it was a school bus filled with kids. Her eyes were fixed on the bus. Her brain got busy wondering if she should __5__ the bus and if she did so, then how __6__ would help her, because she didn't know where she __7__. Suddenly she saw a huge __8__ monster in the bus. She was really __9__ and began to run. Then the school bus was chasing after her.‎ ‎“Were you having a bad __10__， honey？” she heard her darling mom ask.‎ ‎“Yes, Mom，” she said __11__. “I was lost and being chased by a school bus and a huge green monster！”‎ Her mother laughed __12__ and hugged Tammy closely. “You poor dear！” she said. “Dreams can __13__ seem so real, right？” Tammy __14__ her head in agreement and snuggled (依偎) closer. “But you're in safe and warm home！” Tammy sighed in ___15__.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Tammy迷路了，在商店避雨，这时一辆校车驶来，她正在琢磨是否要使校车停下，突然她看到校车里有一头绿色巨兽……这时妈妈叫醒了她，原来是一场梦，她松了一口气。‎ ‎1．A.arrive　　　　　　　 B．show C．leave D．come 解析：选C　根据下文中的“No, please don't”和“I'm lost and I have nowhere to go.”Tammy迷路了，无处可去可知，店员正准备离开(leave)，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．A.thought B．worried C．hesitated D．laughed 解析：选A　根据上句可知，店员要离开；结合“No, please don't”可知，该句是Tammy心里想的内容。A项意为“想”，符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.relied on B．made up C．dealt with D．given up 解析：选B　根据语境可知，她下定决心要待在原来的地方，因为她确信她妈妈会回来接她的。make up one's mind为固定搭配，意为“下定决心”，故B项正确。A项意为“依靠，依赖”；C项意为“处理”；D项意为“放弃”。‎ ‎4．A.proud B．comfortable C．excited D．disappointed 解析：选D　根据上句和该句中的“when she saw that it was a school bus filled with kids”可知，她看到的是载满小孩的校车，并不是她的父母时她应该很失望(disappointed)，故D项正确。A项意为“骄傲的”；B项意为“令人舒服的”；C项意为“兴奋的”。‎ ‎5．A.start B．get off C．stop D．run after 解析：选C　根据前文可知，她看到的是载满小孩的校车，并不是她的父母；结合该句可以判断，她在琢磨是否要让校车停下(stop)，故C项正确。A项意为“开始”；B项意为“下班，离开”；D项意为“追赶”。‎ ‎6．A.her dad B．her mom C．the monster D．the bus driver 解析：选D　根据该句中的“if she did so, then how __6___ would help her, because she didn't know where she __7___”，并结合前文中的“a school bus”可知，因为她不知道自己住在哪里，所以她担心校车司机(the bus driver)不知道如何帮助她，故D项正确。‎ ‎7．A.stayed B．lived C．hid D．waited 解析：选B　参见上题解析。B项意为“居住”。‎ ‎8．A.red B．white C．green D．yellow 解析：选C　根据下文中的“a huge green monster”可知，她突然看到校车里有一头巨大的绿色怪兽，故C项正确。‎ ‎9．A.scared B．puzzled C．offended D．excited 解析：选A　根据上句，她突然看到校车里有一头巨大的绿色怪兽可知，她非常害怕(scared)，开始奔跑。故A项正确。‎ ‎10．A.memory B．idea C．habit D．dream 解析：选D　根据下文中的“Dreams can __13__ seem so real”，并结合该句可知，妈妈问她是不是做噩梦(dream)了。故D项正确。‎ ‎11．A.eagerly B．angrily C．cautiously D．secretly 解析：选A　根据下句“I was lost and being chased by a school bus and a huge green monster！”可知，在梦中她迷路了，被一辆校车和一头绿色巨兽追赶；再结合常识可以判断，她急切地(eagerly)将梦中的情景讲给她的妈妈听，故A项正确。B项意为“愤怒地”；C项意为“小心地，谨慎地”；D项意为“秘密地”。‎ ‎12．A.calmly B．slowly C．softly D．strangely 解析：选C　根据语境可知，她的母亲轻轻地(softly)笑了笑，并紧紧地抱住了Tammy。故C项正确。A项意为“平静地”；B项意为“慢慢地”；D项意为“奇怪地”。‎ ‎13．A.never B．ever C．sometimes D．once 解析：选C　根据该句语境并结合常识可知，妈妈告诉她，有时(sometimes)梦境似乎很真实，故C项正确。‎ ‎14．A.waved B．nodded C．dropped D．raised 解析：选B　根据该句中的“in agreement”可知，Tammy同意地点头(nodded)，故B项正确。A项意为“挥手”；C项意为“垂下”；D项意为“抬起”。‎ ‎15．A.contentment B．doubt C．surprise D．patience 解析：选A　根据上句“But you're safe and warm at home！”妈妈告诉她，她现在待在温暖而安全的家里可知，Tammy满足(contentment)地叹了口气，故A项正确。B项意为“怀疑”；C项意为“惊奇”；D项意为“耐心”。‎