2019-2020学年新教材高中英语Unit3 On the move

2019-2020学年新教材高中英语Unit3 On the move

‎ Unit 3 On the move ‎　　　　　　　　生命的真正意义在于运动。运动能让身体的细胞活动起来，可以让人拥有好气色并且更加健康。那么如何才能做到擅长体育运动呢？‎ How to Be Good at Sports If sports are something that interests you, it is reasonable(合理的) that you would want to be good at them. Here are some tips that can help you become a good player.‎ Set ambitious(有雄心的) but realistic goals. If you want to be great at sports, you need to set your aims high. This does not mean being unrealistic. Instead, you should take a look at what you are, and figure out where you think you would like to be. Give yourself a suitable amount of time to achieve that goal.‎ Be patient. Skills are often slow to build. Impatient athletes tend to make poor ones. If you’re not patient, you’ll try to jump into advanced techniques long before you’re ready. You’ll feel discouraged(泄气的) when you don’t see immediate improvement.‎ Join a sports team. Most of the sports teams are free to join. If you go to school, you should go for team tryouts when they’re happening. If you’re not in school, you can find a sports club online.‎ Accept criticism(批评). When you play sports, you will unavoidably receive criticism, whether from a coach or other players. You need to take most of it with a grain of salt. Are they angry because you missed a pass, or do they sincerely want to help you improve? In a lot of cases, you can use criticism as motivation(动力) to get better.‎ Practice until your skills become second nature. A skill becomes mastered when you’re able to do it without thinking. Given enough time and practice, a skill will eventually fall under this category. When in a game, you won’t have time to think everything through, so practice until it’s all automatic.‎ Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas - 15 -‎ 重点单词 阅读词汇 ‎(在不认识的单词前划√)‎ ‎□surfing n．　　　□plastic adj.　　　□soldier n．　　　□conflict n．　　　□assure v.‎ 写作词汇 ‎1.represent v. 代表，表示 ‎2.goal n. 球门 ‎3.content n．　 满意，满足 ‎4.factor n. 因素，要素 拓展词汇 ‎5.basis n．基础；根据→basic adj.基本的；基础的 ‎6.equipment n．装备，设备，用具→equip vt.装备；配备 ‎7.defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫→defence n．保护；防卫 ‎8.death n．死，死亡→die v．死亡→dead adj.死的 重点短语 ‎1.to__one’s__heart’s__content 尽情地，心满意足地 ‎2.go__back 追溯到；回溯到 ‎3.break__down 拆除； 出故障；(身体)‎ ‎ 垮下来 ‎4.break__out (战争、战斗或疾病)爆发 ‎5.take...for__example 以……为例 ‎6.put__down 放下 ‎7.be__shaped__like 形状像……‎ ‎8.more__than 不仅仅 重点句型 ‎1.given that...引导原因状语从句：Given__that(考虑到) Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world！‎ ‎2.see＋宾语＋宾语补足语：All over the world you can see__kids__playing(看到孩子们在踢) to their hearts’ content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pel did when he was a boy.‎ ‎3.it is＋adj.＋enough to do...……到足够做……：It is fun__enough__to__attract(有趣到足够吸引) millions of people.‎ Read the text and fill in the blanks.‎ - 15 -‎ 答案：1.popularity　2.simple　3.cheap　4.creativity ‎5．excitement　6.communicate Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.‎ ‎1．What does the author mainly talk about?‎ A．Football is popular because it is simple to play.‎ B．Football can bring us excitement.‎ C．Football can help people to communicate.‎ D．Football enjoys its popularity all over the world.‎ ‎2．Football is popular all over the world because ________．‎ A．it’s a game with creativity and excitement on the field B．it is easy to catch fans’ attention C．you don’t have to understand the professional skills D．the players performed wonderfully ‎3．Why did British and German soldiers stop their war?‎ A．Because they wanted to end the war.‎ B．Because football provided them a chance to communicate.‎ C．Because they all loved it.‎ D．Because they were tired of the war.‎ ‎4．What does the author want to say in the last paragraph?‎ A．Football is more than just a sport.‎ B．Football is a matter of life and death.‎ C．Football is more important than other sports.‎ D．Football is important because our planet is shaped like a football.‎ 答案：1－4.DABA - 15 -‎ ‎ basis 　 n．基础；根据 ‎(教材P26)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.‎ 足球是一项如此简单的运动也许是它受欢迎的基础。‎ ‎(1)on the basis of　　　 以……为基础；在……基础上 ‎(2)base n. 基础；基地 ‎ vt. 以……为基础 base...on...　　　　　　 以……为基础 be based on/upon 以……为基础/依据 ‎(3)basic adj. 基础的 ‎①We got the final results on the basis of a great many experiments.‎ 我们以大量实验为依据而得出最终结果。‎ ‎②One should always base his opinion on facts.‎ 一个人应该始终以事实为根据发表自己的观点。‎ ‎③In my diary，I set down a series of things that are__based(base) on facts.‎ 在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。‎ ‎④One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain a good knowledge of basic(base) word formation.‎ 理解大量新词的一个方法是掌握好基本的构词法。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——一句多译 根据这些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。‎ ‎(1)On__the__basis__of__these__facts,__we can reach the following conclusions.(basis n．)‎ ‎(2)Based__on/upon__these__facts,__we can reach the following conclusions.(base vt.)‎ ‎ content　 n．满意，满足；内容；目录　vt.使满足 adj.满意的 ‎(教材P26)All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made of plastic bags...‎ 在世界各地，你可以看到孩子们用塑料袋做成的球尽情地玩耍……‎ ‎(1)feel/be content with...　　　 对……满足/满意 be content to do sth. 满足于做某事 ‎(2)to one’s heart’s content 尽情地；心满意足地 ‎①It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it.‎ - 15 -‎ 买书前最好先看一看目录页。‎ ‎②We must not be content with such a small success.‎ 我们不应该满足于这样的小成就。‎ ‎③My parents are content to__live(live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.‎ 我父母乐意在空气新鲜、干净的农村生活。‎ ‎④She dropped her purse and the contents(content) fell out on the floor.‎ 她的钱包掉在了地上，钱包里的东西掉出来了。‎ ‎“对……满意”的常用短语小结：be content with；be pleased with；be satisfied with；be happy with。‎ ‎ defend　 v．防守，防卫；辩护 ‎(教材P26)．..how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend can be amazing to see...‎ ‎……他们如何利用自己的身体传球、得分和防守这一点令人惊讶……‎ ‎(1)defend...from/against...　　 防御；保卫……‎ ‎ 以免受……‎ ‎(2)defence n. 防御；保卫 in defence (of...) 为了保卫(……)‎ ‎①He has employed one of the U．K.’s top lawyers to defend him.‎ 他请了英国一位顶尖律师为他辩护。‎ ‎②In defence of its own interests, China has to take strong measures.‎ 为了维护自身利益，中国不得不采取强硬措施。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——句型转换 He wrote an article in the newspaper to defend his idea.‎ ‎→In__defence__of__his__idea,__he wrote an article in the newspaper.‎ ‎ break out　(战争、火灾等)爆发 ‎(教材P27)World War Ⅰ had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together—one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.‎ 第一次世界大战几个月前就爆发了，但英国和德国士兵放下枪，一起踢足球——这是多年冲突中值得纪念的和平时刻。‎ break down　　　　 出故障；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)‎ - 15 -‎ break into 强行闯入；突然……起来 break up 解散；打碎；驱散 ‎①The Second World War broke out in September, 1939.‎ 第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。‎ ‎②A quarrel broke out between them when he told lies to her.‎ 他向她撒了谎，两人吵了起来。‎ ‎③The thief broke into my house and stole my money.‎ 小偷闯入我家，偷了我的钱。‎ ‎④The computer system broke down suddenly while I was searching for information on the Internet.‎ 我正在网上搜信息时电脑系统突然出故障了。‎ ‎ put down　写下，记下；放下；镇压 ‎(教材P27)World War Ⅰ had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together—one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.‎ 第一次世界大战几个月前就爆发了，但英国和德国士兵放下枪，一起踢足球——这是多年冲突中值得纪念的和平时刻。‎ put away　　　　 储存……以备用；储蓄 put on 穿上，戴上；上演 put off 推迟，拖延 put out 扑灭(火)；生产，出版 ‎①Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put down almost every word her teacher says.‎ 玛丽的确擅长在课堂上记笔记， 她几乎能记下老师说的每一个字。‎ ‎②The sports meeting has been put off because of the bad weather.‎ 由于糟糕的天气， 运动会已被推迟。‎ ‎③Put your toys away in the box when you’ve finished playing.‎ 你玩完了玩具以后把它们放进箱子里。‎ see＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎(教材P26)All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pelé did when he was a boy.‎ 在世界各地你可以看到孩子们用塑料袋做成的球尽情地玩耍；就像贝利孩童时期那样。‎ 句中see kids playing 为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，‎ - 15 -‎ 表示“看见某人正在做某事”。‎ ‎(1)“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的常见形式： ‎ 感官动词＋宾语＋ ‎(2)常见的感官动词(短语)：五看see, watch, observe, look at, notice；两听hear, listen to；一感觉feel ‎①I saw them playing basketball on the playground.‎ 我看到他们在操场上打篮球。‎ ‎②I often hear him sing songs. Today when I passed by his house, I heard him singing a popular English song.(sing)‎ 我经常听到他唱歌。今天当我经过他的房子时，我听到他正在唱一首非常流行的英文歌。‎ ‎③The manager would like to see his plan carried(carry) out as soon as possible.‎ 经理希望看到他的计划尽快被执行。‎ 若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式， 在变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号to。若宾语补足语是现在分词时， 在变成被动语态时仍然保留现在分词形式， 但此时现在分词作主语补足语。‎ ‎④He was seen to__enter(enter) the hall.‎ 有人看见他到大厅里去了。‎ 品句填词 ‎1．With both of them trying to defend(维护) their own view, there is a conflict(冲突) between the two sides.‎ ‎2．Given that the peace was needed, the soldiers destroyed all the military equipment(装备)．‎ ‎3．Representing(代表) their own interests, the two companies were content(满意) with the contract they signed.‎ ‎4．With all factors(因素) considered, they bought some plastic flowers.‎ ‎5．The theory seems to have no basis(根据) in fact.‎ 完成句子 ‎1．考虑到你已经尽力了，我们决定再给你一次机会。‎ Given__that you tried your best, we decide to give you another chance.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎2．他现在大了，能照顾自己了。‎ He is old enough__to__take__care__of__himself now.‎ ‎3．当我走进房间时，看见他正在为打碎的眼镜哭泣。‎ When I came in, I saw__him__crying for the broken glasses.‎ ‎4．一星期中他最喜欢的是星期天，因为那时他可以尽情地睡觉。‎ Sunday is his favorite day of the week because then he can sleep to__his__heart’s__content．‎ ‎5．政府修建河堤来为村庄抵御洪水。‎ The government built a bank to__defend__the__village__from__the__flood．‎ 课文语法填空 The history of football 1.____________(go) back to Ancient China. But football we know today 2.____________(start) in Great Britain. That football is such 3.____________simple game is perhaps the 4.____________(base) of its popularity. All over the world you can see kids 5.____________(play) to their hearts’ content 6.____________ a ball. Another factor behind its popularity is the creativity and excitement. It is fun enough 7.____________(attract) millions of people. What’s more, it has become one of the best 8.____________(way) to communicate. For example, on Christmas Day 1914, World War Ⅰ 9.____________(break) out months before, but British and German soldiers put down arms and played football together. So football is much more 10.____________ just a sport.‎ 答案： 1.goes　2.started　3.a　4.basis　5.playing ‎6．with　7.to attract 　8.ways　9.had broken　10.than 单句语法填空 ‎1．According to the instructions, the machine won’t function well unless it is oiled on a regular basis(base)．‎ ‎2．I was nearly drowned last night, but was fortunate enough to__be__saved(save)．‎ ‎3．Judging from his facial expression, he is content with the result of the exam.‎ ‎4．It is every soldier’s duty to defend our country against enemies.‎ ‎5．—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.‎ ‎—Sorry.With so much work filling my mind, I almost break down．‎ ‎6．A new building, shaped(shape) like an L, is being built in our hometown.‎ ‎7．From these facts we can draw a conclusion that the accident is driven by many ‎ - 15 -‎ factors(factor) rather than one.‎ ‎8．We are proud of having all the latest equipment(equip) in our chemistry lab.‎ ‎9．When passing the playground, I saw him playing(play) basketball with others.‎ ‎10．There will be an important party next Saturday；put it down in your notebook so you will not forget it.‎ 完成句子 ‎1．考虑到她对小孩子感兴趣，我可以肯定教书是最适合她的。‎ Given__that__she__is__interested__in__children,__I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.‎ ‎2．某一科目难学并不代表你学不好它。‎ Just because a subject is__difficult__to__learn，it does not mean you are not good at it.‎ ‎3．大家都知道发生火灾时该怎么办吗？‎ Does everyone know what to do if a__fire__breaks__out?‎ ‎4．对很多人来说，钓鱼不只是一项运动，它是一门艺术。‎ For many, fishing is more__than a sport; it is an art.‎ ‎5．最后一次有人看见那个失踪男孩时，他正在河边玩。‎ The missing boy was__last__seen__playing near the river.‎ 阅读理解 A People need to relax and enjoy themselves.One way they can have a good time is to watch a baseball game or another sports event.Even thousands of years ago, groups of people gathered to watch skilled athletes.‎ Over 2，000 years ago in Greece, certain days in the year were festival days.These were holidays when people stopped work and enjoyed themselves.They liked to watch athletes take part in races and other games of skill.‎ The most important festival was held every four years at the town of Olympia.It was held in honour of the Greek god Zeus.For five days, athletes from all parts of the Greek world took part in the Olympic Games.At the Olympic Games, people could watch them box, run, jump and so on.There was a relay race between two teams of men in which a lighted torch(火炬) was passed from runner to runner.The Olympic Games were thought to be so important that cities which were at war with one another had ‎ - 15 -‎ to stop fighting.People were allowed to travel to the games freely.Thousands of people came to Olympia from cities in Greece and from its colonies(殖民地) in Africa, Asia and Italy.They met as friends to cheer their favourite athletes and to enjoy themselves.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了2 000多年前在古希腊的奥林匹亚为纪念希腊主神每四年举行一次的奥运会的相关知识。‎ ‎1．What happened in Greece over 2，000 years ago?‎ A．People stopped work and enjoyed themselves.‎ B．The cities there were often against one another.‎ C．People watched baseball games.‎ D．People didn’t go to any games at all.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“The Olympic Games were thought to be so important that cities which were at war with one another had to stop fighting.”可知，两千多年前，希腊的城市经常互相交战，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．What did people do at the games?‎ A．They fought.‎ B．They just talked to friends.‎ C．They cheered for good athletes.‎ D．They tried to find friends.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“They met as friends to cheer their favourite athletes and to enjoy themselves.”可知C项正确。‎ ‎3．Greek cities then were fighting so they ________．‎ A．were weak B．were strong C．couldn’t go to other cities freely D．could see each other C　解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“People were allowed to travel to the games freely.”可知，人们在运动会期间被允许自由活动。由此可推知，人们在交战的城市之间是不能自由走动的，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．The best title for the story is “________”．‎ A．Greece at War　　　　　 B．Together for the Games C．Stop Fighting D．Sport B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述在两千多年前的古希腊，不同城市的人们因为比赛而走到一起，成为朋友，为运动员喝彩，故B项正确。‎ - 15 -‎ B Dear Mary，‎ How are you? I saw you posted some wonderful photos of the coastline near your hometown.You’re really getting into your photography! Right now I’m taking a break from social media(媒体) to write you an email.‎ Remember you said you’d like to come over to the UK sometime this year? Well，I was thinking that this year you might like to come to the Edinburgh Festival with me in August.I’ve got an aunt with a flat in the city centre who could put us up.‎ Do you know much about the festival? It’s very famous—the biggest，most popular arts festival in the world! There are lots of things going on—art exhibitions(展览)，concerts of all kinds，modern dance，a book festival，etc.The thing it’s most famous for is the newest and most exciting theatre.People come from all over the world and perform(表演) in their own language.‎ In Scotland you have the best of both worlds: culture and wild land.After the festival，we could hire(租) a car and go up to some of the islands off the west coast，like Skye.The weather can be changeable in August，but the landscape(风景) is beautiful，with empty beaches and rocky mountains.It’s the perfect place for you to take photos.Afterwards，we could head back to the east coast and visit my friend Rob in St.Andrews.It’s really pretty and Rob’s enjoyable to be with.You’d get on well with him.‎ So，why don’t you have a think about it and then get back to me? Take your time; there’s no rush.‎ Speak to you soon，‎ Sophie ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章为一封邮件，主题为邀请朋友到苏格兰度假。‎ ‎5．What is the best known activity at the Edinburgh Festival?‎ A．Modern dance.‎ B．Art exhibitions.‎ C．Performances of plays.‎ D．Different kinds of concerts.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“The thing it’s most famous for is...perform(表演) in their own language.”可知，‎ - 15 -‎ 爱丁堡艺术节最出名的活动是最新且最激动人心的戏剧表演。‎ ‎6．What does Sophie suggest doing straight after the festival?‎ A．Seeing her friend Rob in St.Andrews.‎ B．Driving along the east coast of Scotland.‎ C．Taking photos while climbing mountains.‎ D．Visiting islands along the west coast of Scotland.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“After the festival...the west coast, like Skye.”可知，Sophie建议参加完爱丁堡艺术节之后，驱车前往苏格兰西部海岸沿岸的一些岛屿游玩。‎ ‎7．Why did Sophie send this email to Mary?‎ A．To invite her to visit Scotland.‎ B．To talk about her holiday plan.‎ C．To take a break from social media.‎ D．To introduce the Edinburgh Festival.‎ A　解析：写作意图题。在邮件中，Sophie首先夸赞了Mary的摄影技术，接着邀请她八月和自己一起参加爱丁堡艺术节，并做了之后的出行安排：先到苏格兰西部海岸岛屿观光，然后到东部海岸看朋友；且由文章第四段中的“In Scotland...wild land.”可知，爱丁堡艺术节的举办地点正是苏格兰；因此，Sophie写这封邮件的目的是邀请Mary到苏格兰旅行，参加爱丁堡艺术节，并欣赏苏格兰的美丽风景。‎ 完形填空 Luckily, I got four turkeys this holiday.I__1__only one of them.I __2__ my neighbor was going through a hard time, so I decided to give one to them as a__3__．‎ That still__4__ me with two extra(额外的) turkeys.I__5__ to cook one of them, make sandwiches and __6__them to an area of town where many people seem to be in need of food and a little__7__．‎ While I was waiting for the bus to get there, I saw two people that I thought might __8__sandwiches.The moment they came near, I__9__ them each a sandwich, along with a smile card, and told them to have a good day.I received __10__ in return.‎ On the bus, a young mother got on with her little girl.I offered her a sandwich, and she__11__accepted.Then I started giving them to other__12__， along with smile cards, and they also__13__with smiles.By this point, I was__14__happiness and couldn’t help smiling.I felt __15__because of that.‎ When we got to the bus terminal(终点), I had given away five sandwiches.The act of __16__， the care shared and the __17__ smiles just made my heart filled with so - 15 -‎ ‎ much __18__．I think what I have done is good for everyone，__19__ I will do this again soon.‎ Giving not only makes you feel wonderful but it also __20__ happiness to others.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者向陌生人赠送火鸡三明治， 陌生人投以微笑， 彼此都感到快乐。‎ ‎1．A.needed B．noticed C．ordered D．saved A　解析：根据上文中的“got four turkeys this holiday”及下文的“I decided to give one to them”和“two extra(额外的) turkeys”可知， 作者只需要一只火鸡。‎ ‎2．A.meant B．showed C．knew D．proved C　解析：由下文中的“neighbor”及“I decided to give one to them”可知， 作者知道邻居家有困难。‎ ‎3．A.prize B．gift C．choice D．wish B　解析：根据上文中的“holiday”及“give”可知， 作者决定把一只火鸡作为礼物送给邻居。‎ ‎4．A.filled B．upset C．provided D．left D　解析：根据语境可知， 作者还有两只火鸡。‎ ‎5．A.learned B．waited C．helped D．decided D　解析：根据第二段第一句可知， 作者决定把火鸡做成三明治带给其他人。‎ ‎6．A.mail B．lend C．sell D．take D　解析：参考上题解析。‎ ‎7．A.time B．kindness C．luck D．experience B　解析：根据上文中的“an area of town where many people seem to be in need of food”可知， 作者决定把做好的三明治带到这个城镇里看起来需要食物和一些善意的地方。‎ ‎8．A.have B．make C．like D．buy C　解析：根据下文作者送给这两个人三明治可知， 作者认为这两个人也许喜欢三明治。‎ ‎9．A.cooked B．offered - 15 -‎ C．found D．paid B　解析：由下文中的“along with a smile card, and told them to have a good day”可知， 作者主动赠给这两个人火鸡三明治。‎ ‎10．A.money B．advice C．smiles D．presents C　解析：从下文中的“they also ______ with smiles”可知， 这两个人用微笑回报作者。‎ ‎11．A.gladly B．secretly C．seriously D．suddenly A　解析：根据下文中的“they also ______with smiles”可知， 这对母女高兴地接受了。‎ ‎12．A.passengers B．shoppers C．neighbors D．drivers A　解析：作者在公交车上， 所以把三明治送给其他乘车的人。‎ ‎13．A.refused B．tried C．accepted D．explained C　解析：由下文中的“with smiles”可知， 其他乘客也高兴地接受了。‎ ‎14．A.expecting B．requesting C．recording D．achieving D　解析：根据下文中的“and couldn’t help smiling”可知， 作者收获着幸福。‎ ‎15．A.busy B．great C．safe D．nervous B　解析：根据上文中的“I was ______happiness and couldn’t help smiling”可知， 给陌生人赠送三明治让作者觉得棒极了。‎ ‎16．A.thinking B．love C．giving D．bravery C　解析：由最后一段的“Giving”可知， 这是一种给予行为。‎ ‎17．A.surprised B．sad C．forced D．weak A　解析：作者给陌生人火鸡三明治， 当然会让他们感到惊讶， 所以他们的笑容也是惊讶的。‎ ‎18．A.joy B．calmness C．courage D．worry A　解析：由上文“I was ______ happiness and couldn’t help smiling”可知， 作者内心充满喜悦。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎19．A.if B．though C．but D．so D　解析：作者认为她所做的对每个人都有好处，所以她会不久再做一次。‎ ‎20．A.returns B．brings C．teaches D．serves B　解析：根据上文可知， 给予也能给他人带来快乐。‎ - 15 -‎