【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit2　Healthyeating单元学案设计（42页含有详细解析）

【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit2　Healthyeating单元学案设计（42页含有详细解析）

‎2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit 2　Healthy eating单元学案设计 ‎　单元话题写作　第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足 ‎(2012·湖南高考)生活中，你自己或他人曾有过物品不慎丢失而又找回的经历，其间有烦恼、有惊喜、有感慨……请就此写一篇英语短文。‎ 主要内容包括：1)丢失的物品； 2)物品失而复得的经过；3)你的感想。‎ 注意：1.词数不少于120个；2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．Don’t glare (怒视) at me like that; you deserved the scolding.‎ ‎2．The patient is recovering slowly; therefore, you had better choose some foods which digest (消化) more easily.‎ ‎3．This shop tries its best to meet the needs of its customers (顾客)．‎ ‎4．If you want to lose weight, you’d better diet (节食) strictly.‎ ‎5．This kind of fish doesn’t need to be cooked.It can be eaten raw (生的)．‎ ‎6．If you place orders now, we would give you a 5% discount (折扣)．‎ ‎7．Let’s combine (结合) my scientific knowledge and your business skills and start a company.‎ ‎8．He was sent to spy (侦查) on the enemy, but unfortunately he was caught.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Time is limited (limit), so you must finish it in 30 minutes.‎ ‎2．To keep healthy, you should keep a balanced (balance) diet.‎ ‎3．Being a good teacher, you should know your students’ strengths and weaknesses (weak)．‎ ‎4．She is as tall as you, but she’s slimmer (slim) than you.‎ ‎5．The survivors lay (lie) on the beach, exhausted and shocked.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear.They will ask all kinds of questions curiously.To meet their curiosity,_we’d better answer them.(curiosity)‎ ‎2．This new railway benefits this area in many ways.It is beneficial to the people living in this area.For the benefit of more people, we should build more railways.(benefit)‎ ‎3．The man looks strong,_but he hasn’t enough strength to lift the heavy box.He needs to strengthen his body.(strength)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．lose_weight　　　　　 体重减轻；减肥 ‎2．get_away_with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎3．tell_a_lie 说谎 ‎4．win_..._back 赢回；重新获得 ‎5．earn_one’s_living 谋生 ‎6．in_debt 欠债 ‎7．spy_on 暗中监视；侦查 ‎8．cut_down 削减；删节 ‎9．put_on_weight 增加体重 ‎10．glare_at 怒目而视 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．However hard you try, it is difficult to lose_weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(2012·湖南高考单项填空)‎ ‎2．Hans broke up with his girlfriend but he’s determined to win_back her trust.‎ ‎3．His company is deep in_debt because of his bad management.‎ ‎4．The young man was accused of spying_on the secret information.‎ ‎5．Our money is running out.We should cut_down our daily expenses.‎ ‎6．Though Jenny is the best student in study, she shouldn’t get_away_with telling a lie/lies.‎ ‎7．His parents died when he was 17, so he had to earn_his_living on his own.‎ ‎8．You eat the foods containing too much sugar and fat, which makes you put_on_weight easily.‎ ‎1．“Nothing could be better，” he thought.‎ 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”‎ ‎[解读]　否定词与比较级连用表最高级含义。‎ ‎[仿写]　就我个人而言，身体健康最重要。‎ As far as I’m concerned, nothing is_more_important_than_health.‎ ‎2．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!‎ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！‎ ‎[解读]　can’t have sb. doing sth.“不允许某人做某事”。‎ ‎[仿写]　我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。‎ I can’t_have_you_speaking to your mother in a rude manner.‎ ‎3．According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.‎ 我的研究表明，你我两家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。‎ ‎[解读]　neither ...nor ...意为“既不……也不……”，在句中连接两个相同的成分。‎ ‎[仿写]　你和我对这个实验结果都不满意。‎ Neither_you_nor_I_am satisfied with the result of the experiment.‎ ‎4．I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu.‎ 我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才知道你只是来打探我和我的菜谱的。‎ ‎[解读]　I thought“我原来以为……”。‎ ‎[仿写]　我本以为你会给我们带来惊喜，但是最后你还是失败了。‎ I_thought you would give us a surprise, but you failed at last.‎ 单元分板块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．diet n．日常饮食vt.& vi.节食；使实施饮食疗法 ‎[教材原句]　Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet?‎ 每个人都要吃饭，但你的饮食是健康的吗？‎ be/go on a diet　　　　　　　 节食 put sb. on a diet 控制某人的饮食 a balanced diet 均衡饮食 ‎①The doctor put me on a very strict diet.‎ 医生严格限制我的饮食。‎ ‎②When I go_on_a_diet,_I eat only cucumbers, and that reduces my weight quickly.‎ 我节食的时候只吃黄瓜，迅速减轻了体重。‎ ‎③No sugar in my coffee, please. I’m dieting/on a diet.‎ 请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。‎ ‎2．balance n．天平；平衡；结余；余额v.平衡；权衡 ‎[高考佳句]　You are working too hard. You’d better keep a balance between work and relaxation.(2012·天津高考单项填空)‎ 你工作很勤奋，你最好在工作与休息之间找到一个平衡点。‎ ‎(1)keep the balance of nature　　 保持生态平衡 keep one’s balance 保持平衡 lose one’s balance (＝ be out of balance)‎ ‎ 失去平衡 ‎(2)balance sth.against 权衡；斟酌；比较 ‎(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡 ‎①Nowadays, the balance of nature is being destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer.(2011·重庆高考书面表达)‎ 现在，自然平衡正在遭到破坏，天气正在变得越来越热。‎ ‎②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.‎ 你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。‎ ‎③You’d better keep_a_balanced_diet for the benefit of your health.‎ 为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　选择句中balance的含义 ‎④I must check my bank balance.‎ ‎⑤You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before you give up your present job.‎ A．权衡　　　　B．差额；余款　　　　C．使均衡 答案：④B　⑤A ‎3．limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度 ‎[经典例句]　A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.(朗文P1319)‎ 没有接受过正规教育会限制你的就业机会。‎ ‎(1)limit ... to ...　　　　　 把……限制在……内 ‎(2)beyond the limit 超过限度 within the limits of 在……范围内 set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的 ‎(3)limited adj. 有限的 be limited to sth. 受限制于……‎ ‎①I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.‎ 我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。‎ ‎②There is a_limit_to one’s life, but no limit to serving the people.‎ 一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。‎ ‎③He was born in a poor family, and only received limited education in his childhood.(2012·浙江高考书面表达)‎ 他出生在一个贫困家庭中，童年时期仅仅接受了有限的教育。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2011·湖北高考)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also ________our thinking.‎ A．direct 　　　　　　　　 B．limit C．change D．improve 解析：选B　考查动词词义辨析。 句意：如果我们想成功， 学识很重要，但是它们也可能会限制我们的思维。 direct“指导；管理”； limit“限制”；change“改变”；improve“改善；改进”。‎ ‎4．strength n．[C]长处；强项 [U]力量；体力 ‎[高考佳句]　One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.(2013·山东高考阅读A)‎ 有一天，他鼓起勇气决定参加一个工作面试。‎ ‎(1)strengths and weaknesses　　　　 优缺点 build up one’s strength 增强体质 The strength of ... is that ... ……的优势是……‎ ‎(2)strengthen vt. 加强；增强 ‎①To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.‎ 为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。‎ ‎②Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build_up_one’s_strength,_but also develop one’s character.‎ 练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。‎ ‎③The strength of his diet is that it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre.‎ 他的饮食的优势为其中含有丰富的维生素和纤维。‎ ‎④I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen our ties.‎ 我相信这本杂志定会加强我们的联系。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　选择句中strength的含义 ‎⑤Maths is my strength, while I don’t do well in English.‎ A．力气；力量　　　　B．体力　　　　C．强项 答案：C ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2012·福建高考)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?‎ ‎—Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.‎ A．strength B．talent C．ability D．skill 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作？”“噢，你知道，英语是我的强项。因此这是我的最佳选择。”strength“强项；长处”；talent“天资；才能”；ability“能力；力量”；skill“技能；擅长”。‎ ‎5．benefit vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益n.好处；利益；优势 ‎[高考佳句]　As we know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot.(2012·江西高考书面表达)‎ 我们都知道书是知识的源泉，我从中获益匪浅。‎ ‎(1)benefit from/by ...　　　　 从……中受益；得益于……‎ benefit sb. 对某人有益 ‎(2)be of (much/great) benefit to sb.‎ ‎＝ be (very) beneficial to sb. 对某人(非常)有益处 for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益 ‎①It is an expensive investment but it will benefit the company in the long run.‎ 这是一项花费很大的投资，但从长远来看，它将对公司有好处。‎ ‎②Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit_from it.(2013·四川高考书面表达)‎ 记住它，我们逐渐地就可以养成这种好的学习习惯并且从中获益。‎ ‎③It is said that yoga is of great benefit to human health. ＝ It is said that yoga is very_beneficial to human health.‎ 据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大益处。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2012·福建高考)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.‎ A．in charge of B．for the purpose of C．in honor of D．for the benefit of 解析：选D　考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了所有市民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医院的改革。in charge of“主管；负责；照料”；for the purpose of“为了；为……起见”；in honor of“为了向……表示敬意”；for the benefit of“为了……的利益”。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．combine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合 combine ... with ...　　　 把……与……结合起来 in combination with 与……联合起来 Many people like the film because it combines education with recreation.‎ 许多人喜欢这部电影，因为它把教育与娱乐结合起来。‎ ‎2．debt n．债务；欠债 be in/out of debt 欠/不欠债 be in sb.’s debt 欠某人之情 You saved my life: I am forever in your debt.‎ 你救了我的命：我永远感恩不尽。‎ ‎3．consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；查阅；查找 consult sb. about sth.　　　　　 向某人咨询某事 consult with sb.(about/on sth.) (就某事)与某人商量 Now you had better consult with a physician.‎ 现在你最好去找内科医生协商一下。‎ ‎——————————————————————————————‎ ‎…………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出表示眼睛动作的高频单词 ‎1．glance vi.　　 　　　 (粗略地)看一下；一瞥；扫视 ‎ n. 一瞥；扫视 ‎2．glare vi. 瞪眼；怒目注视 ‎ n. 瞪眼；怒视 ‎3．stare vt.& vi. 凝视；盯着看 ‎ n. 盯；凝视 ‎4．witness vt. 目睹；目击 ‎　　　 n. 目击者；见证人 ‎5．observe vt. 看到；注意到；观察；观测 ‎　　　 vi. 注意；观察 ‎6．spot vt. 发现；认出 ‎——————————————————————————————‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·孝感统考)To people’s relief, Sir Smith’s offered to pay the ________ of the money needed to repair the village hall.‎ A．delay B．charge C．account D．balance 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人们欣慰的是，史密斯先生已经主动提出支付维修村庄礼堂不足的钱。balance在此意为“赊欠之(钱)数”。delay“耽搁”；charge“收费；要价；控告”；account“账；账户”。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北八市联考)Writers mix their feelings about their trips with descriptions of their experiences, offering readers a(n) ________ for the imagination.‎ A．account B．principle C．feast D．diet 解析：选C　句意：作者们把他们旅行的感受以及对他们经历的描述融合在一起，使读者可以尽情地想象。feast“盛宴”。account“叙述；说明；账户”；principle“原则；原理”；diet“日常饮食”。根据for the imagination及句意可知C项正确。‎ ‎3．(2014·武汉2月调研)In my opinion, parents should ______ their children from spending too much time playing computer games.‎ A．discourage B．persuade C．absorb D．limit 解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：依我看来，家长应该阻止孩子花费太多的时间玩电脑游戏。discourage sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。‎ ‎4．A positive attitude, ________ with willingness to seek appropriate help and exercising solid study habits, will do much to determine how well you do in your studies.‎ A．concluded B．combined C．conducted D．connected 解析：选B　考查动词辨析。句意：积极的态度、乐意争取适当的外援和锻炼稳定的学习习惯合并起来定将决定你的学习成绩。根据句意，可首先排除conclude(结束；做结论)和conduct(引导；管理；指挥)。combine“合并”；connect“联合；联系”。本句中强调将attitude, willingness及exercising合并(as a whole)，并非简单的联系，故答案为B项。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．strength面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①(2014·荆州质检)Laughter is good medicine, which is believed to_strengthen the heart and lungs.(strengthen)‎ 笑是一剂良药。它被认为可以增强心肺功能。‎ ‎②Given_more_attention_to_your_strengths_and_weaknesses,_and you will make greater progress in the final exam this term.(give)‎ 多关注你的优缺点，你就会在本学期期末考试中取得更大的进步。‎ ‎③After the operation, Bill has been doing a lot of physical exercise to_build_up_his_strength.‎ ‎(build)‎ 手术后，比尔已在做大量的体育活动来增强体力。‎ ‎(2)(2014·黄石二中调考)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of alternative ________.‎ A．energy B．strength C．power D．force 解析：选A　句意：许多国家正增加天然气、风和其他可替代能源的利用。energy“能源；精力”；strength“力气；力量”；power“权力；力量”；force“力；力量”。‎ ‎2．benefit多棱镜 ‎(1)完成句子 Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning, which_will_benefit_us in the long term.(benefit)‎ 老师敦促我们养成好的学习习惯，从长远的角度看，这将对我们有益。‎ ‎(2)用benefit的正确形式填空 It is known to us that a balanced diet ‎ ‎(3)This is a newly developed software from which your computer can ________， enhancing your competitive position.‎ A．suffer B．benefit C．fall D．produce 解析：选B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一款新开发的软件，你的计算机可以从中获益，从而提升你的竞争地位。suffer “受损害；受痛苦”；benefit“受益”；fall“降落；跌倒”；produce “生产”。‎ ‎1．get away with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎[高考佳句]　Do you think the murderer should get away with it？(2012·辽宁高考阅读A)‎ 你认为凶手应该逃脱惩罚吗？‎ get into the habit of　　　　 养成……的习惯 get away (from) (从……)脱离；逃脱(……)‎ get rid of 摆脱；除掉 get down to (doing) sth. 开始认真地做某事 get in touch with 与……取得联系 get over 克服……；从……中恢复过来 ‎①For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away with a fine.‎ 他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。‎ ‎②Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive.‎ 许多无家可归的人开始有了乞讨谋生的习惯。‎ ‎③It is hard for the Greek government to get_over the present difficulties unless it gets more financial support from the European Union.(2012·福建高考单项填空)‎ 除非有来自欧盟的更多的经济支持，否则希腊政府很难克服目前的困难。‎ ‎2．cut down削减；砍倒；缩短某物；降低；杀死或杀伤某人 ‎ ‎[经典例句]　By getting the design right, you can cut down on accident.(朗文P537)‎ 改进设计可以减少意外事故。‎ ‎[一词多义]‎ 写出下列句中cut down的含义 ‎①Every one of us can make a great effort to cut down the use of energy in our country.(2012·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错) 减少；削减 ‎②With more and more forests/trees (being) cut down, some animals are facing the danger of dying out. 砍倒 ‎③We might cut the book down to a hundred pages. 削减 ‎④Hunger, cold and illness cut down many of the villagers. 杀死；夺去……的生命 cut in　　　　　　　　　 插话；让某人分享利润 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 cut out 删除 cut through 开辟 cut off 切断；中止；隔绝 ‎⑤I’d feel very cut_off if I didn’t know what was happening in the world.‎ 如果我不知道世界上发生了什么，我会感到与世隔绝。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．If you cheat in the exam, you are sure to be punished for it.‎ ‎→If you cheat in the exam you’ll never get away with it.‎ ‎2．Lewis owes a lot of money because he has purchased a new house.‎ ‎→Lewis is in debt because he has purchased a new house.‎ ‎3．The boy makes a living by selling newspapers.‎ ‎→The boy earns his living by selling newspapers.‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2013·陕西高考)My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ________.‎ A．cut out B．cut down C．cut up D．cut off 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的叔叔还不能戒烟，但是至少他少抽了一些。cut down“削减；减少”，符合句意。cut out“剪下”；cut up“切成小块”；cut off“切掉；分割开”。‎ ‎2．(2014·天门调研)After that he knew he could ________ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.　‎ A．get away with B．get on with C．get through D．get across 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，他知道只要充分发挥他的才能，他就能够处理(get through)任何紧急事件。get away with“(做错事而)不受惩罚”；get on with“与……友好相处；继续做”；get across“被传达”。‎ ‎3．The child was interested in what the old man was doing.He ________ the old man’s hands.‎ A．glared at B．stared at C．glimpsed at D．laughed at 解析：选B　句意：这个小孩对这个老人在干什么很感兴趣。他睁大眼睛凝视着老人的手。由前一句可知含有“惊奇”之意，用stare at 表示 “‎ 睁大眼睛凝视”。glare at “怒视”；glimpse at “看一眼(无意识)”；laugh at “嘲笑”。‎ ‎1．“Nothing could be better，” he thought.‎ 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”‎ 否定词与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义。‎ 表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：‎ ‎(1) ‎①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.‎ 直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。‎ ‎(2)never＋比较级 ‎②What an interesting novel！I have never read a more moving one.‎ ‎＝ It’s the most moving novel that I have ever read.‎ 多么有意思的小说！我从来没看过比这更动人的小说。(言外之意，这是最动人的)‎ ‎(3)can/could＋never/not＋enough/too ...‎ ‎③—Must I turn off the gas after cooking?‎ ‎—Of course.You can_never_be_too_careful with that.‎ ‎——做完饭后我必须关上煤气吗？‎ ‎——当然，在用煤气方面越小心越好。‎ ‎(4)比较级＋than＋ 这本书对我影响最大。‎ ‎2．He could not have Yong Hui getting_away_with telling people lies!‎ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！‎ 句中have sb. doing sth.，用于否定句中意为“允许某人做某事”。‎ ‎①I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.‎ 我不允许你这样说我的姐姐。‎ have sb./sth. doing sth.　 让某人做某事/让某事发 ‎ 生(动作持续)(肯定句)‎ have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 have sth. done 让别人做某事；完成某事；‎ ‎ 遭遇不幸的事 have sth. to do 有事情要做(不定式作定语)‎ ‎②It is not a good idea to have the machine running all the time.‎ 让机器不停地运转不是个好主意。‎ ‎③Don’t be worried.I’ll have Tom help you finish the work.‎ 别担心，我会让汤姆帮你完成工作的。‎ ‎④—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?‎ ‎—Sorry, but I have an important meeting to_attend.‎ ‎——今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？‎ ‎——对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。‎ ‎⑤When he was riding a bike in the street, he had_his_arm_hurt.‎ 当他在街上骑车时胳膊受了伤。‎ ‎[名师指津]　get sth. done意为“把某物修理好；把某事做完；把某物补好”。‎ ‎⑥It’s about time we got the kitchen repainted.‎ 该是我们重新油漆一遍厨房的时候了。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 完成句子 ‎1．“Our security right now at airports is no_better_than it was two years ago.” He told the reporter.(good)‎ 他告诉记者说，“我们现在在机场的安全情况与两年前一样糟糕。”‎ ‎2．Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has_caused me any distress.(cause)‎ 既不是那些不友好的话，也不是那不友好的态度使我沮丧。‎ ‎3．He worked late last night to finish the work, having_his_computer_working_all_night.‎ ‎(work)‎ 为了完成工作昨晚他工作到很晚，让他的电脑运行了一整夜。‎ ‎4．I thought_you_told_a_lie,_but now I know that you are honest.(think)‎ 我原以为你撒谎了，但现在我知道你是诚实的。‎ ‎5．The boy broke the school rules and the teacher had_him_stand_outside_the_classroom.‎ ‎(have)‎ 这个男孩违反了校规，老师让他站在教室外面。‎ 情态动词(Ⅱ)‎ 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·孝感调研)The old man's evidence can't be accepted — he can't/couldn't_have_seen anyone enter the victim's room that day, because he is blind.(see)‎ 那位老人的证词不能相信，那天他不可能看到有人进入受害者的房间，因为他是盲人。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉调研)In those rough times mistakes, which could_have_been_avoided,_were crowding in at the same time and my life was totally messed up.(avoid)‎ 在那些诸事不顺的日子里，本可以避免的错误全都同时发生了，我的生活完全一团糟。‎ ‎3．(2014·武汉市部分中学联考)We could_have_faced the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me？(face)‎ 我们本可以共同面对困难，可你为什么不告诉我呢？‎ ‎4．(2014·随州调研)We needn't_have_hurried all the way to the airport — the flight was called off because of the foggy weather.(hurry)‎ 我们原本没必要匆忙赶到机场——航班因为大雾天气取消了。‎ ‎5．(2014·武昌调研)I didn't hear the doorbell and I must_have_been_asleep.(asleep)‎ 我刚才没有听到门铃响，想必是睡着了。‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武昌区调研)When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ________ it.‎ A．got off　　　　　　　　 B．got across C．got on D．got over 解析：选D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我小时候特别害怕上学，但很快就克服了。get over表示“克服”，符合句意。前三项分别表示“离开”“被理解；把……讲清楚”“进展”，都与句意不符。‎ ‎2．(2014·荆州质检)While prices are rising so fast, many people are working out ways to ________ their expenses.‎ A．cut down B．put down C．turn down D．settle down 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：当价格飞涨时，许多人做出了削减费用的举措。cut down“削减；缩短；砍倒”；put down“放下；写下；批评；奚落；贬损”；turn down“关小；调低；拒绝”；settle down“安顿下来”。与费用(expenses)有关时，常用削减(cut down)费用。‎ ‎3．(2014·襄阳联考)Generally speaking, almost all the kids are ________ about how everything around them works.‎ A．curious B．careful C．anxious D．excited 解析：选A　句意：一般来说，几乎所有的孩子都对周围所有一切是怎么发生的感到好奇。curious“好奇的”；careful“细心的”；anxious“着急的；担忧的”；excited“激动的”。‎ ‎4．(2014·鄂州模拟)You’d better take into account your own ________ and weaknesses before choosing a major.‎ A．strengths B．benefits C．dislikes D．favorites 解析：选A　句意：在选专业之前你最好考虑你的强项和弱项。strength“强项；优势”，符合句意。‎ ‎5．The school needs to ________ the interests of different levels of students to create a better learning environment.‎ A．seek B．include C．identify D．balance 解析：选D　考查动词辨析。句意：为了创造一个更好的学习环境，学校需要平衡不同水平学生的兴趣。seek“寻找；探索”；include“包括”；identify“识别；鉴别”；balance“平衡”。‎ ‎6．(2014·黄石模拟)Before making any decision, ________ your family to find out which activities are most important to you.‎ A．consult B．contact C．content D．concern 解析：选A　句意：在做任何决定之前，咨询一下你的家人哪些活动对你来说是最重要的。consult“咨询；商讨”，符合句意。contact“联系”；content“使……满足”；concern“使关心”。‎ ‎7．(2014·武昌区一模)The medicine should usually be kept out of the ________ of children at home.‎ A．distance B．reach C．limit D．arrival 解析：选B　考查名词辨析。句意：药品通常应该放在家里孩子们够不着的地方。keep sth.out of the reach of sb.“把某物放在某人够不着的地方”。‎ ‎8．(2014·武昌区实验中学月考)We were so sorry to have caused trouble.A little boy pulled down the handle of the fire alarm just ________.‎ A．out of respect B．out of sight C．out of curiosity D．out of reach 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：给你们添麻烦真不好意思。一个小男孩出于好奇拉下了火警的手柄。out of curiosity“出于好奇”。out of respect“出于尊重”；out of sight“看不见”；out of reach“够不着”。‎ ‎9．(2010·福建高考)—In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.‎ ‎—I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two ________.‎ A．linked B．related C．connected D．combined 解析：选D　考查动词辨析。答句句意：我非常同意。把这两者结合起来真是太伟大了。link ...to ...“把……与……连接起来”；relate ...to ...“把……与……联系起来”；connect ...with ...“把……与……连接”，这三个一般为固定短语，强调“连接”的意义。combine意为“结合”，可单独使用，故选D。‎ ‎10．Don’t be surprised.The mistake is made by a very ______ reporter who has just graduated from the university.‎ A．pleased B．natural C．promising D．raw 解析：选D　句意：不要惊讶，这个错误是一个刚从大学毕业的没有经验的记者犯下的。pleased“高兴的”；natural“天生的”；promising“有出息的”；raw“未经训练的”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·鄂州市高三期末)“We don't think the painting can/could_be_valuable.”said the experienced artist, shrugging.(valuable)‎ 这位有经验的艺术家耸耸肩，说道：“我们认为这幅画不可能值钱。”‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈高三期末)Since my childhood I have found that nothing is more_attractive_to_‎ me than reading.(attractive)‎ 从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。‎ ‎3．(2014·湖北省部分重点中学联考)My friend is crazy about the pop singer Yao Beina.He once told us, “In my mind, never have_I_heard a more beautiful voice than hers.”(hear)‎ 我的一个朋友对流行歌手姚贝娜痴迷不已。他曾说过：“在我心中，我从未听过比她更美的嗓音。”‎ ‎4．You should_have_apologized_to your teacher for what you had done, but you haven't done so up to now.(apologize)‎ 你应该为你所做的事向老师道歉，但是至今为止你还没这样做。‎ ‎5．My father is very strict with me.Whenever I_tell_a_lie,_he will give me a thick ear.(tell)‎ 我父亲对我很严厉。我一撒谎，他就会狠狠地揍我。‎ ‎6．(2014·襄阳调研)Owing to the guard's carelessness, the thief was lucky to escape, otherwise he could_not_have_got_away_with stealing so many valuable things.(get)‎ 由于保安的疏忽大意小偷侥幸逃脱，否则的话他不可能偷走那么多贵重物品。‎ ‎7．(2014·武汉调研)The more you know before you start, the_fewer_mistakes_you'll_make.‎ ‎(make)‎ 你开始前了解越多，你犯的错误就会越少。‎ ‎8．It was the new way of doing business that_I_benefited_from a lot.(benefit)‎ 我是从新的经营办法中受益匪浅的。‎ ‎9．Your story is perfect; I've never_heard_a_better_one_before.(hear)‎ 你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。‎ ‎10．(2014·湖北部分重点中学联考)The refrigerator that I had_had_repaired broke down again.What bad luck! (repair)‎ 我之前让人修理的电冰箱又坏了。 真倒霉啊！‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2014·武昌区调研)I grew up with a fat dad — 450 pounds at his heaviest. Every week he would try a new diet, and my family ended up eating whatever strange food he was trying at that moment.‎ After my thirdgrade year, my dad landed a lifechanging job in Manhattan. My mom, my little sister and I had to move away from our hometown, Chicago, and leave my grandmother and her beautiful food behind.‎ Leaving my grandmother was far more frightening than the move to New York City. There would be no more special weekends at my grandmother’s house, the only place I can remember feeling happy, safe and nourished (有营养的). It was what I desired. In this new city, I felt extremely alone and lost, and I missed my grandmother terribly.‎ My grandmother knew just how I felt — And she knew the cure. Every week, she would send me a card with a $20 bill, a recipe and a list of what to buy at the market. It kept us bonded, and her recipes filled my body and soul.‎ Over the years, I have grown to better understand my father’s struggles with weight and the toll (代价) it took on him and those who love him. I have come to realize he was driven not by vanity (自负) or selfishness as much as by a deep pain. And in spite of growing up in such an unhealthy eating environment (or perhaps because of it), as an adult I found a passion and a career as a nutrition consultant.‎ Today, my father weighs 220 pounds and is a vegan (素食者). How he got there is a story I hope to share in the coming weeks. More importantly, food is no longer a barrier that keeps us apart, but a bridge that keeps us connected. There is nothing my dad enjoys more than talking with me about dietary theories and his weightloss victories. And now I am the one regularly sending recipe cards to my father’s house, just as my grandmother did for me.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候，爸爸很胖，每周都需要尝试一种新的食物来减肥，全家人都不得不与爸爸一起“试吃”，为此作者对爸爸意见很大。后来随着年龄的增长，作者对父亲也有了更深的理解，在选择职业时也选了营养师这份工作。‎ ‎1．What kind of person was actually the author’s father?‎ A．He was a man of vanity and selfishness.‎ B．He didn’t like to eat with his family.‎ C．He was more painful than selfish.‎ D．He forced his family to eat what he liked.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“Over the years ... I have come to realize ... as much as by a deep pain.”可知，这些年来，作者逐渐理解了父亲，意识到他苦苦地与自己的体重作斗争，不是虚荣和自私，而是对于自己的体重感到深深的痛苦。由此可知，C项内容与题意相符。‎ ‎2．The author desired to go to his grandmother’s ________.‎ A．to see his father B．for tasty food C．for pocket money D．to avoid his family 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知，作者和家人一起搬到了曼哈顿，离开了祖母还有她做的精致美食，以致作者非常想念祖母，特别渴望去她的家里品尝美味佳肴。故答案选B。‎ ‎3．The author became a nutrition consultant mainly because ________.‎ A．his father often talked with him about dietary theories B．he was determined to change his own daily habits C．he wanted to study the recipes his grandmother had given him D．his childhood experiences gave him too deep an impression 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“And in spite of growing up in such an unhealthy eating environment ... I found a passion and a career as a nutrition consultant.”‎ 可知，尽管在一个如此不健康的饮食环境中成长(也许正是因为这一点)，作者长大后成为了一个营养咨询师。由此可知，作者童年的经历给他留下了很深的印象，因此，作者后来成为一名营养咨询师。故答案选D。‎ ‎4．What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph?‎ A．He often quarreled with his father about food.‎ B．His father will tell him his story in the following weeks.‎ C．The most he talks about with his father is nourishment.‎ D．He often sends recipe cards to his grandmother in return.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第四句“There is nothing my dad enjoys more than talking with me about dietary theories and his weightloss victories”可知，作者和父亲谈论最多的应该是食品方面的内容。故答案选C。‎ B ‎(2014·湖北襄阳市统一测试)Being a senior student, I always think of my future. To be exact, the thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test. Because of this, words of wisdom are a source of comfort. Steve Jobs gave a speech to Stanford’s graduating class in 2005 and his words resound repeatedly in my mind whenever I think about my future.‎ It was not always like that, though. It started when I became a junior, when college came into view. It’s the first big step to making your life your own. So when Jobs discussed his life as a student, some fears were eased. He also felt the need to attend college to make something of himself. He faced what many are extremely afraid of: uncertainty. His lack of understanding caused him to stop attending college and focus on what he felt was important. His story had a happy ending, of course, since he certainly turned out well. ‎ This does not mean that students should not attend college, but rather that they should not worry so much. You’ll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding (蜿蜒的) than you’d like.‎ Jobs talked about the hardships in his work. His love of his work helped him carry on and he got where he was meant to be, which restates the point: don’t panic. ‎ One particular part of his speech stayed with me. Steve Jobs quoted the saying “Stay hungry, stay foolish” and it has become my motto. Staying foolish is realizing that you are still a fool, no matter how much you have learned or experienced. There is always more to explore. Staying hungry is wanting to find those things about which you are still uneducated.‎ Steve Jobs’s level of success is attainable, and I aim to prove that. With the will power to go into the world living every day like it and allowing the future to take care of itself, I will do great things. In the last moments of my life, I’ll be proud of what I have done and hope to have all the wisdom a person could wish for.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者介绍了乔布斯演讲中的名言“Stay hungry， stay foolish(求知若饥，虚心若愚)。”所包含的智慧及它给自己带来的启示和鼓励。‎ ‎5．The author felt worried when ________.‎ A．he had to take tests at school B．he thought about his future C．he had lots of sleepless nights D．he searched for words of wisdom 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“... the thoughts of the future ... made me worry enough ...”可知，当作者想到自己的未来时，就非常的担心，以至于经常夜不能眠。故答案选B。‎ ‎6．What did the author gain from Jobs’s speech?‎ A．Courage to drop out of school.‎ B．Confidence in defeating Jobs.‎ C．Interest in computer industry.‎ D．Bravery to face uncertainties.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“You’ll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding (蜿蜒的) than you’d like.”可知，作者从乔布斯的演讲中得到的启示是：要勇敢地去面对未来不确定的事。故答案选D。‎ ‎7．Which of the following suggestions was NOT mentioned in Jobs’s speech?‎ A．Having the desire to learn more.‎ B．Being content with what they know.‎ C．Staying calm in the face of hardships.‎ D．Being modest so as to learn more.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中对“Stay hungry, stay foolish”的解释可知，B项“满足于自己所知道的”与此名言所讲述的内容相悖。故答案选B。‎ ‎8．The passage is mainly about ________.‎ A．the wisdom drawn from a speech B．the most impressive quote in life C．a memorable meeting with Jobs D．an experience of a speech 解析：选A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了乔布斯演讲中的名言“Stay hungry, stay foolish”所包含的智慧及它给自己带来的启示和鼓励。故答案选A。‎ 单元阅读技能讲练：饮食与健康类 ‎[精读语篇](2013·湖北高考阅读理解C)‎ We’ve reached a strange — some would say unusual — point.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight.It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.‎ Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What’s going on?‎ We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through — up to a point.‎ In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.‎ Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.That has become a sort of fashion.No wonder it ranks as the world’s most bodyconscious country.‎ We know what we should be doing to lose weight — but actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.‎ Others blame good food.They say: it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.‎ Some also blame their parents — their genes.But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape, or rather slim.‎ It’s a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I say — not as I do.‎ ‎[题目试做](建议用时：7分钟)‎ ‎59．What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?‎ A．The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.‎ B．Starvation is taking more people’s lives in the world.‎ C．WHO report shows people’s unawareness of food safety.‎ D．Overweight issue remains unresolved despite WHO’s efforts.‎ ‎60．Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?‎ A．A lot of effective diet pills are available.‎ B．Body image has nothing to do with good food.‎ C．They have been made fully aware of its dangers.‎ D．There are too many overweight people in the world.‎ ‎61．The example of Finland is used to illustrate ________.‎ A．the cause of heart disease B．the fashion of body shaping C．the effectiveness of a campaign D．the history of a bodyconscious country ‎62．Which would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Actions or Excuses? B．Overweight or Underweight?‎ C．WHO in a Dilemma D．No Longer Dying of Hunger ‎[读文样板]‎ 一、理清文章脉络 本文从另一个角度阐述了肥胖问题。‎ 第一、二段：摆事实，提观点——世界变得奇怪了：一方面，我们在与全球性饥饿问题作斗争，另一方面，肥胖却成为人类健康的杀手。‎ 第三至五段：举事例，析原因——对于肥胖，我们不能有太多借口。‎ 第六至八段：举事例，析原因——我们知道要减肥，但做起来却是另一回事。‎ 第九段：做总结，得结论——人们想成功地减肥相对来说不太可能。‎ 二、破解阅读障碍 ‎(一)怎样破解生僻词汇 ‎1．bodyconscious 有形体意识的 破解方法：利用构词法。body(身体，形体)＋conscious(有意识的)：有身体上的意识的即注意形体的，有形体意识的＝bodyconscious ‎2．inviting adj.诱人的 破解方法：利用构词法。invite(邀请)＋ing(形容词后缀)：能邀请人的即诱人的＝inviting ‎(二)怎样破解长难句 译文：也许那可以解释为什么芬兰服用减肥药片的人的百分率在2001年和2005年间翻了一倍，以及医生们甚至做抽取体内脂肪和身体整形的外科手术。‎ ‎[解题样板]‎ ‎59.第一句中的“奇怪”的地步是指什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.生活太好带来的危害比生活太苦带来的危害更大。‎ 第一段最 后一句 合理推断 B.饥饿使世界上更多的人死去。‎ 第一段 曲解文意 C.WHO的报告表明人们没有意识到食品安全问题。‎ 第一段 无中生有 D.尽管WHO在努力，肥胖问题依旧没有解决。‎ 第一段 混淆视听 ‎[分析]　选A　第一段指出一个奇怪的现象：一方面，WHO的报告表明应对世界性的饥饿问题至关重要，另一方面，因肥胖而死的人比因过瘦而死的人多，由此判断选A“生活太好带来的危害比生活太苦带来的危害更大”。‎ ‎60.为什么作者认为人们不能为肥胖找借口？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.人们可以买到大量有效的减肥药片。‎ 第五段 第一句 曲解文意 B.体形与好食物无关。‎ 第五段 颠倒是非 C.他们已完全意识到肥胖的危害。‎ 第三、六段 合理推断 D.世界上肥胖的人太多了。‎ 第一段 混淆视听 ‎[分析]　选C　根据第三段可知，2001年开始的公众健康运动已经使人们深刻意识到了肥胖的危害，因此在芬兰，人们通过吃减肥药，做抽脂手术来减肥；根据第六段可知，我们知道要减肥该做什么，但做不做又是另外一个问题了。从这些信息看，作者认为不能为肥胖找借口是因为人们知道肥胖的危害。‎ ‎61.举芬兰的例子是为了说明________。‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.心脏病的起因 第四段 曲解文意 B.塑身的时尚 第五段 曲解文意 C.运动的效果 第四、五段 合理推断 D.形体意识之国的历史 第五段 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选C　根据第四段可知，在芬兰，20世纪70年代由肥胖引起的心脏病发病率世界最高，通过公共健康运动，心脏病的死亡率在过去30年下降了80%。因此作者介绍芬兰不是为了说明心脏病的起因、塑身的时尚、形体意识之国的历史，而是说明这个国家掀起的健康运动的效果。‎ ‎62.哪一项是文章的最佳标题？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.行动起来还是找借口？‎ 全文，特别是 最后一段 综合概括 B.肥胖还是过瘦？‎ 第一段 混淆视听 C.进退两难的WHO 第一段 以偏概全 D.不再死于饥饿 第一段 以偏概全 ‎[分析]　选A　本文作者以嘲讽的口吻探讨肥胖问题，说人们都知道肥胖的危害，却不愿意采取措施减肥。把肥胖归咎于缺乏毅力、快餐、遗传基因等，因此本文的主题应该是A项：是行动起来，还是继续为自己找借口？这种归纳具有高度的概括性、针对性和简洁性。文中提到的“肥胖和过瘦”只是一种表象，它不是作者想要点明的中心。‎