上海市长宁区2020届高三二模考试英语试题 Word版含解析

上海市长宁区2020届高三二模考试英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com ‎2020年长宁区高三英语在线学习效果评估试卷 ‎（考试时间120分钟；满分140分）‎ I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1 A. In a hotel. B. In a garden. C. In a park. D. In a café.‎ ‎2. A. Classmates. B. Coach and athlete. C. Partners. D. Teacher and student.‎ ‎3. A. $150. B. $200. C. $300. D. $600.‎ ‎4. A. He hasn’t started to read. B. He is a fast reader.‎ C. The book is very attractive. D. The book is not too long.‎ ‎5. A. Take the clothes out of the dryer. B. Do her laundry once again.‎ C. Examine the dryer for maintenance. D. Dry her clothes for twenty more minutes.‎ ‎6 A. His sweater is not warm enough. B. The woman should have worn a sweater.‎ C. His coat is similar to the woman’s. D. The woman needn’t have brought the coat.‎ ‎7. A. Call the local hotels again in a few days. B. Have her parents stay on campus.‎ C. Phone the Lake District Inn for a reservation. D. Look for vacant rooms near the campus.‎ ‎8. A. The man should have attended the class. B. She has already finished her report.‎ C. The man has enough time to finish his report. D. She will help the man with his outline.‎ ‎9. A. The plane will leave at 9:30 sharp. B. The departure time remains unknown.‎ C. The woman has just missed her plane. D. The mechanical problems have been fixed.‎ ‎10. A. The man only filled his tank half full. B. The car has run out of gasoline.‎ C. The car is breaking down on the way. D. The man can’t read the instrument.‎ Section B - 32 -‎ Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage and conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.‎ ‎11. A. Bus tours around some fascinating European cities.‎ B. Voyages with interesting stops on the Danube River.‎ C. Journeys to some magnificent opera houses in Austria.‎ D. Bicycle rides through beautiful countryside in Germany.‎ ‎12. A. Nuremberg. B. Melk. C. Vienna. D. Budapest.‎ ‎13. A. A good way to explore the city is going on a free bus tour.‎ B. Ruins and remains are everywhere to be seen in the city.‎ C. The city got its name from two once separate towns.‎ D. It is a historic city full of a musical atmosphere.‎ Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.‎ ‎14. A. They are the first three-brother group to row across the Atlantic.‎ B. They crossed the Atlantic without the help of electronic devices.‎ C. They are the only bagpipes players among the competitors.‎ D. They arrived sixteen days earlier than their competitors.‎ ‎15. A. They were left home with charging cables. B. They accidentally fell into the ocean.‎ C. They were damaged by salty seawater. D. They all had got dead batteries.‎ ‎16. A. He designed the engine of their rowing boat. B. He asked his brothers to take up the challenge.‎ C. He organised a charity named Children First. D. He regarded the rowing as a precious experience.‎ Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.‎ ‎17. A. The definition of responsibility. B. Good manners in public.‎ C. The equality of husband and wife. D. Traditional views on marriage.‎ - 32 -‎ ‎18. A. Sharing housework. B. Tending children. C. Guarding home. D. Making money.‎ ‎19 A. Men should treat women like baby dolls in their family life.‎ B. Men should have more social responsibilities than women.‎ C. Women should support their families as well.‎ D. Women should be treated equally in public.‎ ‎20. A. Men should observe the rule of lady first.‎ B. Husband should treat his wife like a friend.‎ C. Roles of man and woman in a family should differ.‎ D. Husband and wife should both earn their own living.‎ II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ The family who eats together What’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, ___1___ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals ___2___ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals ___3___ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.‎ So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves ___4___ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly ___5___ (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least ‎ - 32 -‎ twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, ___6___ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are ___7___ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.‎ But those numbers, impressive ___8___ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure ___9___ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.‎ The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, ___10___ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.‎ ‎【答案】1. which ‎ ‎2. has decreased ‎ ‎3. themselves ‎ ‎4. what 5. sharing ‎ ‎6. conducted ‎ ‎7. less likely ‎ ‎8. as / though ‎ ‎9. against 10. it ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家人一起吃饭带来的好处。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：例如，在经常引领此类潮流的美国，大多数家庭表示，他们每周在一起吃一顿饭的时间少于五天。根据is often a trendsetter in such things可知此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是the United States，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，因此要用关系代词which。故填which。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ - 32 -‎ 考查动词的时态。句意：事实上，在过去的20年里，美国家庭共享食物的频率下降了33%。根据over the last twenty years可知此句时态是现在完成时，且主语是the frequency of shared meals，要用单数形式。故填has decreased。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：用餐时间也缩短了：从平均90分钟缩短到12分钟。根据主语The meals可知此处要用反身代词themselves，表示用餐本身。故填themselves。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：因此也许我们最好问问自己不一起吃饭的代价是什么。根据we’re better off asking ourselves可知此处是一个宾语从句，缺少引导词，由宾语从句中的is可知此处要用what“什么”，且what充当is的表语。故填what。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：经济合作与发展组织发现，报告称不经常与家人一起吃饭的15岁青少年缺课的可能性是其他人的两倍。根据share与逻辑主语15-year-olds之间是主动关系，可知此处要用现在分词形式。故填sharing。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：哥伦比亚大学成瘾与药物滥用国家中心进行的另一项研究发现，每周与父母共进晚餐五次或五次以上的孩子，不太可能出现毒品和酗酒的问题。根据found that可知此处要用非谓语动词，由conduct与逻辑主语Another study之间是被动关系，因此要用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查形容词的比较级。句意：哥伦比亚大学成瘾与药物滥用国家中心进行的另一项研究发现，每周与父母共进晚餐五次或五次以上的孩子，不太可能出现毒品和酗酒的问题。固定短语be likely to do“很有很可能做某事”，根据who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week可知此处要用形容词的比较级，表示“不太可能”。故填less likely。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：但是，尽管这些数字看起来令人印象深刻，但它们可能无关紧要。根据impressive和they seem可知此处是形容词放在句首的半倒装句，根据句意可知连词as / though“虽然，尽管”符合题意。填as / though。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：毕竟，一起吃饭不仅仅是预防未来不幸的措施。根据future - 32 -‎ ‎ misfortune可知此处要用介词against，表示“抵御，预防”。故填against。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：通常情况下，正是在家庭聚餐中，家庭作为一个有机的整体，拥有共同的记忆、情感和抱负。根据is at the family meal that可知此处是一个强调句，被强调部分是at the family meal，因此要用代词it。故填it。‎ ‎【点睛】第2小题考查了现在完成时。现在完成时结构：have/has+过去分词。主要用法有：‎ ‎1、表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。现在完成时时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用，表示“已发生”或“未发生”，如：yet，just，before，recently，once，lately，of late等；也同表示频度的时间状语连用，如：often，ever，never，sometimes，twice，on several occasions等；也同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如：now，today，this morning，this month，this year等。但不能同特定的过去时间状语（in 1995，last year等）连用。例句：‎ He has lost his wallet.他的钱包丢了。‎ Why haven’t I seen you all these months? 我怎么这么多月没看见你呢？‎ We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。‎ ‎2、表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。常同表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用，如：so far，up to now，since last year，for a long time，all my life，these few days等。例句：‎ He has worked here for over twenty years. 他在这里工作已有20多年了。‎ Up to now, we have received no news from her. 到现在为止，我们没有从她那里收到任何消息。‎ Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ Wearing shoes can weaken ankle bones Your shoes are changing your feet. The ankles of people who ___11___ wear shoes are different to those of people who tend to walk barefoot. In many industrial societies, people tend to wear shoes from a young age. However, many people around - 32 -‎ ‎ the world often go barefoot, or wear only very thin footwear.‎ ‎“We know that there are some ___12___ in the feet of modern humans, due to the use of shoes,” says Rita Sorrentino at the University of Bologna in Italy. But most ___13___ findings relate to the front and middle of the foot. She and her team have focused on the ankle instead. They studied 142 ankle bones from 11 ___14___‎ from North America, Africa and Europe. These ___15___ sandal-wearing (穿凉鞋) Nguni farmers in southern Africa, people living in New York and bones from Stone Age hunter-gatherers.‎ The hunter-gatherers’ ankle bones were significantly shorter than those of people living in modern cities, and there were other differences in the shape. “They are mostly related to footwear-related behaviours and movement behaviours,” says Sorrentino. The hunter-gatherers walked barefoot for long distances every day over natural land. Their ankles were relatively ___16___. In contrast, people who live in big cities, who wear tight footwear and walk short distances on flat surfaces like concrete roads, had more unbending ankles.‎ Changes to ankle bones take place over the course of a person’s life, and there is no evidence that these alterations can be passed on ___17___.‎ According to Sorrentino, ___18___ evidence for people wearing shoes only exists for the past 10,000 years. For instance, a sandal from a Missouri cave may be 8300 years old. Early shoes were all fairly soft, so wouldn’t have ___19___ the motion of the ankle much.‎ It is an open question whether shoes have disadvantages, but Sorrentino ___20___ that the firmness of modern shoes causes our bones to become weaker and more likely to suffer from breaking.‎ ‎【答案】11. C 12. K ‎ ‎13. F 14. E ‎ ‎15. D 16. A ‎ ‎17. B 18. I ‎ ‎19. G 20. J ‎【解析】‎ - 32 -‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过研究来自北美、非洲和欧洲的11个族群的142块踝骨发现，习惯穿鞋的人的脚踝和赤脚走路的人的脚踝是不同的，穿鞋会削弱踝关节。早期的鞋子都相当柔软不会对脚踝的运动造成太大的限制，但是现代鞋的坚固性会使我们的骨骼变得更弱，更容易骨折。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：习惯穿鞋的人的脚踝和赤脚走路的人的脚踝是不同的。根据wear shoes可知此处要用副词修饰动词，habitually“习惯地，日常地”符合句意。故选C。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查名词的复数。句意：意大利博洛尼亚大学的Rita Sorrentino说：“我们知道现代人的脚会有一些变化，这是由穿鞋子造成的。”根据根 due to the use of shoes可知，空处填variation,再根据some可知此处要用名词的复数形式，variations“变化”符合句意。故选K。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：但之前的大多数发现都与脚的前部和中部有关。根据findings可知此处要用形容词修饰名词，previous“之前的”符合句意。故选F。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查名词的复数。句意：他们研究了来自北美、非洲和欧洲的11个族群的142块踝骨。根据from 11可知此处要用名词的复数形式，populations“种群”符合题意。故选E。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查动词的时态。句意：这些人包括非洲南部穿凉鞋的恩古尼农民、生活在纽约的人以及石器时代狩猎采集者的遗骨。根据主语These可知此处要用谓语动词，由from Stone Age hunter-gatherers可知时态是一般过去时，included“包括”符合句意。故选D。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他们的脚踝相对灵活。根据were relatively可知此处要用形容词，flexible“灵活的”符合句意。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：踝关节骨的变化是在人的一生中发生的，没有证据表明这些变化可以遗传。根据can be passed on可知此处要用副词修饰谓语动词，genetically“从遗传角度，从基因角度”符合句意。故选B。‎ - 32 -‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：根据Sorrentino的说法，人们穿鞋的确凿证据只存在了1万年。根据evidence可知此处要用形容词修饰名词，solid“可靠的，确凿的”符合句意。故选I。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词的过去分词。句意：早期的鞋子都相当柔软，所以不会对脚踝的运动造成太大的限制。根据wouldn’t have可知此处要用动词的过去形式，restricted“限定，限制”符合句意。故选G。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词的时态。句意：鞋子是否有缺点还是个未知数，但Sorrentino怀疑，现代鞋子的坚固性，会导致我们的骨骼变得更脆弱，更容易骨折。根据It is an open question可知此句时态是一般现在时，且主语是Sorrentino，that-此句是宾语从句，因此此处要用谓语动词的第三人称单数形式，suspects“怀疑”符合句意。故选J。‎ ‎【点睛】第5小题考查了一般过去时的用法。一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。‎ I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。‎ My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。‎ III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of ___21___. Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they ___22___ enough rocks, they will find it.”‎ Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧一代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, ___23___, and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure.‎ - 32 -‎ What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be ___24___ even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically ___25___ “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of ‎___26___ always rank their jobs as more meaningful.‎ That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. ___27___, most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing—___28___ and personally.‎ How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main ___29___. Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread ‎___30___ and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the ___31___ task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world.‎ Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work ___32___ those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was ___33___. But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and ___34___ as the workers who didn’t mind the task.‎ Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we ___35___ our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant.‎ ‎21. A. progress B. trouble C. sense D.‎ - 32 -‎ ‎ difference ‎22. A. carve out B. turn over C. pile up D. keep off ‎23. A. frustrated B. shocked C. inspired D. excited ‎24. A. meaningful B. demanding C. repetitive D. challenging ‎25. A. distinguished from B. exposed to C. associated with D. defined as ‎26. A. understanding B. existing C. producing D. giving ‎27. A. In conclusion B. After all C. By comparison D. In addition ‎28. A. as a whole B. in this way C. in public D. on average ‎29. A. advantage B. business C. objective D. construction ‎30. A. optimism B. information C. designs D. strategies ‎31. A. unpleasant B. dangerous C. productive D. urgent ‎32. A. gathers B. benefits C. worries D. entertains ‎33. A. embarrassing B. rewarding C. rough D. temporary ‎34. A. relaxed B. surprised C. confused D. energized ‎35. A. assign B. abandon C. neglect D. reframe ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章通过提出为什么很少有人能在工作中找到成就感进行研究，分析了其原因以及提出了具体怎么做的建议。研究人员发现，这主要是因为我们中的许多人都没有意识到工作可以是有意义的，我们可以在几乎任何工作的任何角色中找到工作的意义。‎ - 32 -‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：耶鲁大学管理学院研究这些问题的教授Amy Wrzesniewski给出了一个有道理的解释。A. progress进步，发展；B. trouble麻烦，烦恼，故障；C. sense道理，感觉，观念；D. difference差异，不同。短语make sense讲得通，有道理，根据offered an explanation可知此处表示有道理的解释。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说，学生们“认为他们对工作的成就感还没有被挖掘出来，如果被挖掘出来，就能能找到工作的成就感。”A. carve out开拓；B. turn over把…翻过来，翻阅，移交给；C. pile up堆积，积累；D. keep off让开，不接近。根据they will find it可知此处表示要把那些岩石翻开。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，她的许多学生感到焦虑、沮丧，对他们所拥有的好工作和职业完全不满意。A. frustrated懊恼的，沮丧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. inspired受鼓舞的，品质优秀的；D. excited激动的。根据feeling anxious和and completely unsatisfied可知此处用沮丧的符合题意。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为，他们和我们中的许多人没有意识到，即使你认为工作是有成就感的，它也可能是有意义的。A. meaningful有意义的；B. demanding要求高的，费力的；C. repetitive 重复的；D. challenging挑战的。根据fail to realize可知此处表示工作可以是有意义的。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在美国，最常见的四种职业是零售销售、收银员、食品加工者/服务员以及办公室文员，这些工作与“意义”无关。A. distinguished from区别于；B. exposed to暴露于；C. associated with与…相联系，与…有关；D. defined as界定，给…下定义。根据jobs that aren’t typically可知此处表示这些工作与“意义”无关。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：正如宾夕法尼亚大学教授Adam Grant所表明的，那些把工作视为奉献的人，总是认为自己的工作更有意义。A. understanding理解；B. existing存在；C. producing生产；D. giving给予，付出，奉献。根据They exist to help - 32 -‎ ‎ others可知此处表示那些把工作视为奉献的人，总是认为自己的工作更有意义。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：毕竟，大多数公司创造产品或服务来满足世界的需求，所有员工都以自己的方式做出贡献。A. In conclusion总之，最后；B. After all毕竟，终究；C. By comparison相比之下；D. In addition另外，此外。根据上文That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization.可知此处表示毕竟之意。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查副词短语词义辨析。句意：关键是要更加意识到你所提供的服务——既是整体的又是个人的。A. as a whole总的来说；B. in this way用这种方法；C. in public公开地，当众；D. on average平均，通常。根据and personally可知此处表示既是整体的又是个人的。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一种策略是不断提醒自己公司的主要目标。A. advantage优势，利益；B. business生意，商业；C. objective 目的，目标；D. construction建设。根据but its mission is to spread可知此处表示不断提醒自己公司的主要目标。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Life Is Good是一家服装公司，最出名的是色彩鲜艳的T恤和线条设计，但它的使命是向全世界传播乐观和希望，这是连储藏室的员工都能理解的。A. optimism乐观，乐观主义；B. information知识，信息；C. designs设计；D. strategies战略策略。根据and hope throughout the world可知此处表示它的使命是向全世界传播乐观和希望。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一家会计公司工作，你就是在帮助人们或公司完成一项不愉快的税务工作。A. unpleasant使人不愉快的，讨厌的；B. dangerous危险的；C. productive生产的，多产的；D. urgent紧急的，急迫的。根据doing their taxes可知对人们或者公司而言，税务工作是不愉快的。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你不能对公司的使命或客户感到兴奋，你仍然可以通过思考你的工作如何让你所爱的人受益来采取一种服务态度。A. gathers收集，集聚；B.‎ - 32 -‎ ‎ benefits有益于；C. worries担忧；D. entertains招待，娱乐。根据those you love可知此处表示思考你的工作如何让你所爱的人受益。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，那些认为工作枯燥的人通常比那些认为工作有益的人效率更低。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. rewarding有益的，值得的；C. rough粗糙的，艰苦的；D. temporary暂时的，临时的。根据than可知此处表示两种态度的对比，由those who described the work as dull were generally less productive可知此处表示那些认为工作有益的人。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了这种态度，他们就像那些不介意任务的员工一样富有成效和精力充沛。A. relaxed放松的，自在的；B. surprised感到惊讶的；C. confused困惑的；D. energized有活力的。根据they were just as productive可知此处用有活力的符合题意。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们把自己的任务重新定义为帮助他人的机会，那么任何职业都会让人感觉更有意义。A. assign分配，指派；B. abandon遗弃，离开；C. neglect忽略，忽视；D. reframe全新地拟定（或表达），再构造。根据any occupation can feel more significant可知此处表示把把自己的任务重新定义。故选D。‎ Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎(A)‎ When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico, I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes. I’d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before, and I jumped at the chance to go back.‎ I had three nights to capture the magical scene in the forest. Camera stand in hand, I hiked with my colleagues into the foggy forest at dusk. According to our guides, visitors are usually not allowed to photograph the fireflies because the presence - 32 -‎ ‎ of artificial light from electronics can affect their habits. As I started shooting, I adjusted my exposures constantly to account for the fading light. In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my camera stand on a steep, rocky path and had to steady it during the long exposures. Normally this wouldn’t be a big deal, but the fireflies were very interested in the camera and, by extension, in me. I stood completely still while they crawled all over me—my arms, my hair, my face—and tickled (呵痒) my nose and cheeks. From what I observed, peak firefly presence happens for only about 20 minutes each night, so I had time for just a few tries.‎ On the last night everything came together. The weather cooperated. I had improved my method for focusing and composing in the dark with quick flashes from a powerful flashlight—and I’d grown accustomed to insects on my face. I was rewarded with the image you see here. Each spot of light is one of several bursts that a firefly makes as it travels in a 30-second exposure. You can trace the insects’ paths: Some make small circles, like those in the bottom center of the frame, while others move steadily in one direction or another.‎ The first time I visited the fireflies, I didn’t have the pressure of trying to capture and convey this astonishing scene. That will always be my favorite experience with these shining creatures.‎ ‎36. According to the passage, the author most probably is a(n) ______.‎ A. field biologist B. insect observer C. expert photographer D. mountain hiker ‎37. The author placed the camera stand on a steep and rocky path to ______.‎ A. make up for the dying light B. keep away from the annoying fireflies C. obtain an ideal image D. catch peak firefly presence ‎38. We can learn from the passage that the author ______.‎ A. was accused of capturing wild fireflies - 32 -‎ B. endured physically to get first-hand firefly shots C. was tired of the exposure to dark forests D. got his most satisfying image on the second night ‎39. What does the author think of his experience in the forest?‎ A. Fascinating. B. Passionate.‎ C. Surprising. D. Miserable.‎ ‎【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个专业摄影师，受一位编辑之托前去拍摄一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道，讲述了作者的拍摄过程以及作者很享受这片充满了萤火虫的森林景象。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico, I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes. 当一位编辑打电话问我是否可以拍摄一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道时，我没有查看我的日程安排就答应了。由此判断出，作者很可能是一位专业摄影师。故选C项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my camera stand on a steep, rocky path and had to steady it during the long exposures. 为了得到我想要的图像，我把相机架在陡峭的岩石小道上，在长时间曝光的过程中必须保持相机的稳定。可知，作者把相机架在陡峭的岩石小道上是想获得理想的图像。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Normally this wouldn’t be a big deal, but the fireflies were very interested in the camera and, by extension, in me. I stood completely still while they crawled all over me—my arms, my hair, my face—and tickled (呵痒) my nose and cheeks. 正常情况下这没什么大不了的，但萤火虫对相机很感兴趣，进而对我也很感兴趣。我一动不动地站着，它们在我身上爬来爬去——我的胳膊，我的头发，我的脸——呵痒我的鼻子和脸颊。由此判断出，我们可以从这篇文章中了解到作者为了获得第一手的萤火虫镜头而忍受了身体上的折磨。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ - 32 -‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中That will always be my favorite experience with these shining creatures. 那将永远是我与这些闪闪发光的生物最喜欢的经历。由此判断出，作者认为他在森林里的经历是令人着迷的。故选A项。‎ ‎(B)‎ All written work should be proofread to give it that final polish and professional edge. Businesses, publishers, writers and students are just a few of the people who could be your customers if you learn to proofread to a high standard.‎ In just a few short months our home-study Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Certificate course—with expert personal tuition—teaches you how to proofread and copy edit to a professional level. You’ll brush up on your punctuation, spelling and grammar, learn what to look out for and how to mark up on paper and screen.‎ You can use your new skills to proofread your own work, in your current job, or add them to your résumé to help you find a new position or gain promotion. But that’s not all. You also learn how to set up as a freelancer and how to find customers so you can work at home for an extra or full-time income potentially earning ₤25 per hour. Once you have the skills the choice is yours.‎ The course is ideal for beginners or to use as a refresher. 15-day trial. Request your free course introduction, with no obligation to enroll. Call or click now!‎ Specialist course on proofreading and copy editing.‎ Caring constructive help from expert tutors.‎ Four tutor-marked assignments.‎ Help and advice from our experienced Student Advisory Team.‎ - 32 -‎ Flexible study programme.‎ Specialist advice on how to find work.‎ Enroll when it suits you.‎ Instant access to course material when you enroll online.‎ ‎15 days trial.‎ Advice on how to set yourself up in business.‎ Continuing Professional Development Certificate.‎ ‎“This is an extremely helpful course both for those starting proofreading and for those who, like me, need to be reminded of everything we have forgotten. Above all, I thoroughly enjoyed that tone of voice of the author—he writes with authority but manages to keep a light touch.”‎ Dorothy Nicolle ‎“I am an English honours graduate but even so I discovered that my grammar was not as perfect as I had believed! After completing the Proofreading & Copy Editing course I set myself up as a part-time freelance proofreader with a small band of regular customers.”‎ Carol Browne ‎40. According to the brochure, “a freelancer” (paragraph 3) refers to someone who ______.‎ A. finds customers mainly online B. gets promoted at work easily C. longs for the freedom of being alone D. works for oneself with a flexible schedule ‎41. If you are interested in this course but have not enrolled yet, you may ______.‎ A. make your decision after a half-month try B. have free access to the course material C. need to show your CPD Certificate D. help tutors mark some homework ‎42. It can be concluded from the brochure that ______.‎ - 32 -‎ A. the course is more beneficial to experts than to green hands B. proofreading and copy editing are normally paper-pen tasks C. there is a good market for proofreading and copy editing D. high-level proofreaders and copy editors are rare to find ‎【答案】40. D 41. A 42. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇广告，主要是向人们介绍了关于学习校对和编辑的相关信息以及其带来的好处，呼吁人们报名学习。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中You also learn how to set up as a freelancer and how to find customers so you can work at home for an extra or full-time income potentially earning ₤25 per hour. 你还会学习如何成为一名自由职业者，如何找到客户，这样你就可以在家里工作，赚取每小时25英镑的额外或全职收入。由可以在家里工作并赚取每小时25英镑的额外或全职收入，可知，根据手册上的介绍，“a freelancer”指的是工作时间灵活的“自由职业者”。故选D项。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中15-day trial. Request your free course introduction, with no obligation to enroll. 15天的试验期。免费的课程介绍，不需要注册。可知，如果你对这门课程感兴趣，但还没有注册，你可以在半个月的尝试后做出决定。故选A项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Above all, I thoroughly enjoyed that tone of voice of the author—he writes with authority but manages to keep a light touch. 最重要的是，我非常喜欢作者的语气——他写得很有权威，文笔轻快。以及最后一段中After completing the Proofreading & Copy Editing course I set myself up as a part-time freelance proofreader with a small band of regular customers. 完成校对和文案编辑课程后，我开始做兼职自由校对，拥有一小群固定客户。由此判断出，从这本小册子中顾客的反馈可以看出，校对和编辑有很好的市场。故选C项。‎ ‎(C)‎ A secretive facial recognition program “could announce the end of public anonymity (匿名),” said Kashmir Hill in The New York Times. While police departments - 32 -‎ ‎ have used facial recognition tools for years, they’ve been limited to searching government-provided images, for example driver’s license photos. Now an app called Clearview AI can remove images of faces “from across the internet”—including social media sites like Facebook and Twitter, employment sites, even Venmo—gathering a database of more than 3 billion photos. “Until now, technology that readily identifies everyone based on his or her face has been forbidden because of its invasion of privacy.” Clearview licenses its technology to more than 600 law implementation agencies. New York City passed on the app after a 90-day test, worried about potential misuse. Clearview’s investors “predict that its app will eventually be available to the public.” Soon, “searching someone by face could become as easy as Googling a name.”‎ We’ve been building toward this moment for a long time, said Adrian Chen in The California Sunday Magazine. In the late 1800s, the French police officer Alphonse Bertillon devised the first “method for identifying criminals based on their physical features,” using 11 physical measurements. But scale changes everything. The Department of Homeland Security plans to scan “97 percent of all passengers on outgoing international flights.” And the technology has been improved and commercialized to the point where you can search a database and buy scans for as little as “40 cents an image if you opt for Amazon’s facial recognition software plan.”‎ All this has already led to growing fears about facial recognition, said Janosch Delcker and Cristiano Lima in Politico.com, but “efforts to check its spread are hitting a wall of resistance on both sides of the Atlantic.” A two-party push to limit the government’s use of facial recognition has been delayed in Congress. The European Union (EU) is discussing a five-year temporary ban, but European privacy rules contain “a broad carve-out for public authorities.” And authorities are using it: London’s police just last week enabled live facial recognition for cameras across the city.‎ Even if some bans on the technology succeed, said Bruce Schneier in The New York Times, we’re still building an “observation society.” Facial recognition is just one identification technology among many. An entirely unregulated data industry is - 32 -‎ ‎ already creating “descriptions of who we are and what our interests are” by tracking our movements, purchases, and interactions. “We are being identified without our knowledge, and society needs rules about when that is permissible.”‎ ‎43. So far Clearview’s customers are ______.‎ A. investors of AI apps B. social media sites C small groups of private users D. government departments ‎44. By “But scale changes everything.” (paragraph 2), the author means that ______.‎ A. facial identification technology has gone far beyond its original purpose B. people should be scanned through more available physical measurements C. border security inspection has brought commercialization of identification software D. widespread cheap images are becoming a drawback for facial recognition technology ‎45. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Rules concerning anti-invasion of privacy are practicable around the world.‎ B. Facial recognition technology is too irresistible to set aside for governments.‎ C. Efforts to stop misuse of facial identification have achieved an initial success.‎ D. Prohibition on identification technology has gained support from governments.‎ ‎46. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A. Facial recognition is under control B. Get your facial identification ready C. Your face is now public property D. Establish a larger face database ‎【答案】43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的应用程序Clearview最终会向公众开放，通过这程序能很快根据一张脸搜索出一个人，这个程序引起了很多方面的关注和担忧。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Clearview licenses its technology to more than 600 law implementation agencies.” “”Clearview将其技术授权给600多个法律执行机构”以及New York City passed on the app after a 90-day test, worried about potential misuse.‎ - 32 -‎ ‎ Clearview’s investors “predict that its app will eventually be available to the public.” 纽约市在90天的测试后通过了这款应用，担心它可能会被滥用。Clearview的投资者“预计它的应用程序最终将向公众开放”。可知，到目前为止，Clearview的客户都是政府部门。故选D项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第二段中The Department of Homeland Security plans to scan “97 percent of all passengers on outgoing international flights.” And the technology has been improved and commercialized to the point where you can search a database and buy scans for as little as “40 cents an image if you opt for Amazon’s facial recognition software plan.” 国土安全部计划扫描“97%的所有出境国际航班的乘客”。这项技术已经得到了改进和商业化，你可以搜索数据库，购买扫描结果，只要“选择亚马逊的面部识别软件计划，只需40美分一张图片”。根据山下文语境可以判断出作者说But scale changes everything.（但是规模改变了一切。）的意思是面部识别技术已经远远超出了它最初的目的。故选A项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中A two-party push to limit the government’s use of facial recognition has been delayed in Congress. The European Union (EU) is discussing a five-year temporary ban, but European privacy rules contain “a broad carve-out for public authorities.” And authorities are using it: London’s police just last week enabled live facial recognition for cameras across the city. 两党努力限制政府使用面部识别在国会被推迟。欧盟（EU）正在讨论一项为期五年的临时禁令，但欧洲隐私规则包含了“对公共当局的广泛划分”。当局正在使用它：伦敦警方上周刚刚在全市范围内启用了摄像头实时面部识别功能。由此判断出，面部识别技术实在是太不可抗拒了以至于政府无法将其搁置一旁。故选B项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中A secretive facial recognition program “could announce the end of public anonymity (匿名),” said Kashmir Hill in The New York Times. 据《纽约时报》报道，Kashmir Hill表示，一项秘密的面部识别程序“可能会宣布公众匿名制的终结”。以及Clearview’s investors “predict that its app will eventually be available to the public.” Soon, “searching someone by face could become as easy as Googling - 32 -‎ ‎ a name.” Clearview的投资者“预计它的应用程序最终将向公众开放”。很快，“通过脸搜索一个人就可以像谷歌一个名字一样简单。”再通读全文，可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的应用程序Clearview最终会向公众开放，通过这程序能很快根据一张脸搜索出一个人，因此选项C“你的脸现在是公共财产”为短文最佳标题。故选C项。‎ Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ How we write today The alphabet was born about 3800 years ago. After a slow start, it has produced dozens of offspring (后代). ___47___ Near the beginning of this period, the Phoenician alphabet—a direct offspring of the first one—gave rise to the Greek and Aramaic alphabets. The Greek alphabet then led to a huge variety of forms, from the Cyrillic family used in south-east Europe and northern Asia to the Latin/Roman family that includes English, German and French. The Aramaic alphabet, meanwhile, developed into a group that includes the Hebrew and Arabic alphabets. It probably also gave rise to the Brahmi script, another distinct type of alphabet that is itself the parent of dozens more used across south and South-East Asia.‎ ‎___48___ In the first—of which Chinese text is the only real example still in use—signs represent full words. In the other, signs represent syllables (音节). Japanese uses many Chinese “word” characters, but has two other writing systems based on syllable signs. The few other syllable-based systems include the Cherokee one used in the south-east US.‎ The variety and global dominance of the alphabet isn’t necessarily a sign of its superiority to other writing systems, says Amalia Gnanadesikan, recently retired from the University of Maryland. ___49___ For instance, they are used across north Asia, Africa and the Americas because of Russian and western European expansionism.‎ The fact that alphabets use a smaller set of characters than other writing systems isn’t entirely beneficial either, says Gnanadesikan. ___50___ Take the phrase “dog - 32 -‎ ‎ bites man”. Someone learning Chinese has to understand just three signs—rather than 11 letters—to read and write the sentence. “So you get a very rapid ability to translate what you’re learning into use,” she says. Moreover, children in Japan learn the hiragana (平假名) syllable-based writing system so easily that they can often start reading aged 3.‎ A. As a result, names and files are usually arranged in alphabetic order.‎ B. It means words must be written using combinations of several symbols.‎ C. It is a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order used for writing a language.‎ D. Aside from the alphabet, there are two other modern writing systems.‎ E. Perhaps the most important divisions happened between 3000 and 2000 years ago.‎ F. In some parts of the world, alphabets have been imposed on people by empire builders.‎ ‎【答案】47. E 48. D 49. F 50. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们今天的书写方式有字母表、中文以及符号代表音节，着重介绍了字母表的演变历史、传播以及其存在的缺点。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 根据下文Near the beginning of this period, the Phoenician alphabet—a direct offspring of the first one—gave rise to the Greek and Aramaic alphabets. The Greek alphabet then led to a huge variety of forms, 在这一时期的开始，腓尼基字母——第一个字母的直接后代——产生了希腊和亚拉姆字母。于是，希腊字母产生了各种各样的形式；以及The Aramaic alphabet, meanwhile, developed into a group that includes the Hebrew and Arabic alphabets. 与此同时，亚拉姆字母表发展成为一个包括希伯来和阿拉伯字母的群体。可知，此处内容与这个时期字母表进行了分类有关，选项E“也许最重要的分类发生在3000年到2000年之间。”符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 根据下文In the first—of which Chinese text is the only real example still in use—signs represent full words. In the other, signs represent syllables (音节).‎ - 32 -‎ ‎ 在第一个例子中，中文文本是唯一仍在使用的真实例子，符号代表完整的单词。在另一种语言中，符号代表音节。可知，此处内容与另外两种书写语言有关有关，选项D“除了字母表，还有另外两种现代书写系统。”符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 根据下文For instance, they are used across north Asia, Africa and the Americas because of Russian and western European expansionism.例如，由于俄罗斯和西欧的扩张，它们在北亚、非洲和美洲广泛使用。可知，此处内容与扩张者把字母表带去给当地的人们有关，选项F“在世界的某些地方，字母表是由帝国的缔造者们强加给人们的。”符合题意。故选F。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 根据上文The fact that alphabets use a smaller set of characters than other writing systems isn’t entirely beneficial either, says Gnanadesikan. Gnanadesikan说，与其他书写系统相比，字母表使用的字符更小，这一事实也不是完全有益的。和下文Take the phrase “dog bites man”. Someone learning Chinese has to understand just three signs—rather than 11 letters—to read and write the sentence. 以“狗咬人”为例。学中文的人只需要理解三个符号——而不是11个字母——就可以阅读和写出这个句子。可知，此处内容与字母表使用的小符号也并不都是有益的有关，选项B“它意味着单词必须由几个符号组合而成。”符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第3小题中的代词“they”与选项F中的“alphabets”，第4小题选项B中的代词“It”与上文中的“alphabets use a smaller set of characters than other writing systems”是相呼应的词或句子。‎ IV. Summary Writing ‎51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.‎ Scottish summers set to keep getting warmer, study shows Cold, wet summers could become a thing of the past in Scotland, according to a new study. Researchers from Edinburgh and Oxford universities and the Met Office, the UK’s official weather service, say that summer temperatures of 30°C could become common in the future because of climate change.‎ Climate change is long-term changes in the world’s weather patterns, including - 32 -‎ ‎ rising temperatures. Human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), farming and cutting down forests are a major cause of changing weather patterns around the world. When fossil fuels are burned, for example, they release gases such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These gases are called greenhouse gases. Their emissions contribute to climate change.‎ People experienced hot and dry conditions during a heatwave in the summer of 2018. The team found that climate change would lead to those conditions becoming more frequent in Scotland. Lead researcher Professor Simon Tett, from Edinburgh University, said that carbon dioxide emissions had to be cut around the world in order to prevent this from getting worse.‎ The study also looked into the direct effects of the unusual weather in 2018 on people, animals and landscapes in Scotland. Among these were a thirty per cent increase in demand for water, an increase in harmful insects such as flies and mosquitoes, and a fall in the amount of peas, potatoes, carrots and onions that were harvested. The populations of some types of birds declined because of a lack of water. There was also disturbance to trains because rails were bent by the heat.‎ Tett explained, “Despite its cool climate, Scotland must start to prepare now for the impact of high temperature extremes. The bottom line is that heatwaves have become more likely because of the climate change caused by human activities.”‎ ‎【答案】A study shows that Scotland is expected to have hotter and drier summers due to global climate change resulting from harmful human activities like greenhouse gases emission. Moreover, it reveals that the dryness and hotness of 2018 summer directly caused disastrous consequences to creatures, vegetation and transportation in Scotland. Actions should be taken before things get worse.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 文章的主要结构为总-分。主要讲了研究表明，由于温室气体排放等有害人类活动导致的全球气候变化，给苏格兰的夏季天气带来更干燥炎热的影响。符合概要写作常规出题思路。‎ ‎【详解】第一段讲述一项新的研究表明苏格兰由于气候变化，未来30°C的夏季气温可能会变得普遍。可以用到的词汇或句型有：A study shows that；Scotland；global climate - 32 -‎ ‎ change；temperature等。第二段讲述有害的人类活动产生的温室气体排放导致的全球气候变化。可以用到的词汇或句型有：harmful；human activities；greenhouse gases emission；contribute to等。第三段讲述2018年异常天气对苏格兰人、动物和景观的直接影响。可以用到的词汇或句型有：dryness and hotness；caused；creatures；vegetation；transportation等。第四段讲述苏格兰现在必须开始为高温极端天气的影响做准备。可以用到的词汇或句型有：take action；get worse等。‎ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎52. 我真不明白为啥他总是对别人的家事指手画脚。(affair)‎ ‎53. 生活中我们要学会倾听，即便是与自己相悖的意见。(opposing)‎ ‎54. 在英国除了急症，没有预约有病也看不了。(unless)‎ ‎55. 这对夫妇刚要吃饭，门铃响了，是女儿送给他们的纪念日鲜花到了。(Scarcely)‎ ‎【答案】52. I really don’t understand why he always tells others’ family affairs/he is always telling others what to do with their family affairs / what they should do about their family affairs. ‎ ‎53. We should learn to listen to others in our daily life, even to those opposing opinions/ points of view. ‎ ‎54. In the UK, you cannot go to hospital without an appointment when you are sick unless it is an emergency case. ‎ ‎55. Scarcely had the couple started to eat when the doorbell rang, and it turned out to be the delivery of the flowers from their daughter for their anniversary.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词和宾语从句。分析句子可知，主语为I，谓语为don’t understand，宾语为why引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中的宾语为family affairs，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I really don’t understand why he always tells others’ family affairs/he is always telling others what to do with their family affairs / what they should do about their family affairs。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ - 32 -‎ 考查现在分词作定语。分析句子可知，主句的主语为We，谓语为should learn to listen to，宾语为others；opposing是现在分词作定语，修饰名词opinions/ points of view。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：We should learn to listen to others in our daily life, even to those opposing opinions/ points of view。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查连词。分析句子可知，unless引导的是一个条件句，主语为it，谓语为is，宾语为is an emergency case，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：In the UK, you cannot go to hospital without an appointment when you are sick unless it is an emergency case。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查部分倒装句。固定句式scarcely…when…“刚…就…”，scarcely位于句首时要用部分倒装，分析句子可知，主语为the couple，谓语为had started to eat，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Scarcely had the couple started to eat when the doorbell rang, and it turned out to be the delivery of the flowers from their daughter for their anniversary。‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎56.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.‎ 假如你是明启中学的学生李平，写信给你在海外的笔友王平，与他分享这段时间在线学习生活的感受。你的信必须包括：‎ ‎1.在线学习与在校学习的不同；‎ ‎2.你更偏爱的学习方式，并说明理由。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Wang Ping,‎ How are you? I’m writing the letter for the purpose of sharing my online schooling information during the COVID-19 epidemic with you.‎ As you know, the spring semester is postponed, but schooling continues online - 32 -‎ ‎ under our teachers’ guidance. In my opinion, the time and course schedules are just the same as we are in school. The biggest difference is that online learning emphasizes students’ autonomy, as there are more distractions and less supervision compared with on-campus life, which means we need a stronger self-regulation. By getting actively involved in classes, I’ve adapted to such a unique way of learning and made progress. However, I still hope to return to campus, where I can enjoy face-to face classes with my friends. Besides, I’m already missing my teachers and classmates. I wish we could get COVID-19 epidemic under control soon.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Ping ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信给在海外的笔友王平，与他分享这段时间在线学习生活的感受。‎ 第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 人称：第一、三人称；‎ 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时；‎ 结构：总-分法 要点：‎ ‎1.你在线学习生活的感受；‎ ‎2.在线学习与在校学习的不同；‎ ‎3.你更偏爱的学习方式，并说明理由。‎ 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）‎ for the purpose of；online schooling；share with；during the COVID-19 epidemic；as you know；postpone；under sb’s guidance；in one’s opinion；the same as；autonomy；there are；distractions； supervision；compare with；on-campus life；self-regulation；get involved in；adapt to；make progress；hope to do；face-to face；under control等 - 32 -‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I’m writing the letter for the purpose of sharing my online schooling information during the COVID-19 epidemic with you.‎ ‎2. The spring semester is postponed, but schooling continues online under our teachers’ guidance ‎3. The time and course schedules are just the same as they are in school.‎ ‎4. The biggest difference is that online learning emphasizes students’ autonomy, as there are more distractions and less supervision compared with on-campus life, which means we need a stronger self-regulation.‎ ‎5. By getting actively involved in classes, I’ve adapted to such a unique way of learning and made progress.‎ ‎6. I still hope to return to campus, where I can enjoy face-to face classes with my friends.‎ ‎7. I’m already missing my teachers and classmates.‎ ‎8. I wish we could get COVID-19 epidemic under control soon.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表并列补充关系：As you know；In my opinion；and；Besides；still；‎ ‎2.表转折对比关系：However；but；‎ ‎3.表示因果关系：as等 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【详解】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高分句型，如：In my opinion, the time and course schedules are just the same as they are in school.使用了由as引导的状语从句；The biggest difference is that online learning emphasizes students’ autonomy, as there are more distractions and less supervision compared with on-campus life, which means we need a stronger self-regulation.使用了由that引导的表语从句、由as引导的原因状语从句和由which引导的非限制性定语从句；By getting actively involved in classes, I’ve adapted to such a unique way of learning and made - 32 -‎ ‎ progress.使用了方式状语；However, I still hope to return to campus, where I can enjoy face-to face classes with my friends.使用了由where引导的非限制性定语从句；I wish we could get COVID-19 epidemic under control soon.使用了省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气等。还使用了一些固定短语，如：for the purpose of；share with；as you know；postpone；under sb’s guidance；in one’s opinion；the same as；there are；compare with；get involved in；adapt to；make progress；hope to do；under control等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 32 -‎ - 32 -‎