中考英语语法思维导图13动词

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中考英语语法思维导图13动词

动词 系动词 情态动 助动词 实义动 系动词+表语 情态动+动词原形 助动词+动词原形 独立充当谓语 充当谓语 系动词 be动词 ‎“保持”“变化”‎ 感官动词 be+adv.+adj“如何是”‎ become,seem,turn,grow,get,keep,stay look,sound,taste,smell,feel 常接形容词作表语 主谓一致 情态动词 意思答语 表示推测 may答语:肯定Certainly./Sure./Yes,you can.‎ 否定Sorry, but you can’t/mustn’t ‎“一定”must ‎“必须” Must I…?Yes, you must.‎ No, you needn’t/don’t have to.‎ ‎“不得不” Do I have to..? Yes, you must. ‎ ‎ No, you needn’t/don’t have to.‎ ‎“需要”实义动词:not need to do sth. ‎ 情态动词:needn’t do sth.‎ Would you like to do?答语“I’d like to”‎ ‎ “I’d like to, but....”‎ had better “最好(不)做某事”‎ You’d better do…/You’d better not do… ‎ ‎“可能”may,might,could ‎“不可能”can’t 助动词 狭义概念:“赠送的”‎ 扩展概念:“自带的”‎ do,does,did 凡谓语由两部分构成之前者 句型操作及答语 实义动词身份 助动词身份/强调功能 实义动词 时态 语态 名称 被动:be+done 及物动词必须跟宾语 不及物动词不直跟宾语 谓动 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 ‎★过去将来时 现在完成时 ‎★过去完成时 do/does did be+doing was/were+doing will+do would+do have/has+done had+done 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 含情态动词 选项有无被动只需考虑时态 该而不:感官发生实现出版 使役动词正常不带to被动则带 意思需要 时间,标志 意思 平时经常做 某次过去做 现在正在做 过去正在做 现在将要做 过去将要做 到现在已做 到过去已做 动词词形变化 三单 现在分词 过去式、过去分词 ‎+s s,x,sh,ch,o+es 辅+y→i+es 不规则 ‎+ing 去e+ing 双写+ing ie→y+ing ‎+ed 辅+y→i+ed 双写+ed 不规则 辅元辅,且重读,不忘双写尾字母(除组合外)‎ 时态判断 所用时态 时间 一般现在时 on Sundays 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 ago, yesterday, last week, in 1989 ‎ now, these days at this time yesterday, at that time tomorrow,this afternoon,next year the next day so far,in the past years,since 标志 频率/真理/时间条件状从 at the age of 5,just now,when+从 look, listen与频度副词连用 when+过 in+时间段 常用于宾从中 already,yet,ever,never,before,for 过去完成时 by yesterday/then/the end of when+过before+过,by+过 ①完成时句中,与for,since,how long连用时,动词要用延续形式 go to, come to →be in/at leave→be away (from) arrive→be in/at die →be kead begin/start→be on end →be over buy →have join →be a member of/be in borrow→keep ‎ get married→be married make friends with→be friends with ‎②have gone to“去了”人不在这里, have been to“去过”人在这里 ‎¤强调句型:It is +一段时间+since+过去时 “自…以来,已经多长时间了”‎ 动词短语 意思 结构 搭配 动词+介词 doing 动词+副词 be+adj.+介词 宾语一律后置 代宾中,名中后 非谓语动词 不定式to do 现在分词doing 过去分词done 作主语 作宾语 作主语被视为单数 作主语 作表语 作宾语 作宾补 作定语 作状语 宾从省略式 常被形主it代替 be+to do “是做”‎ 被形宾it代替 省to不省 要后置,省介否 表目的,原因 疑问词+to do 判定:后有谓动 be doing“正在做”‎ have sth. done使被 be done“被做”‎ 不定式作主语 常被形式主语it代替,而把to do 置于句尾 It is +adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. It takes +sb. +st. +to do sth.‎ 后接to do的动词:like, ask, wish, hope, dare, offer, decide, help, long, learn, start, begin, agree, refuse, want, expect, promise, pretend, plan, manage, afford, prepare 被形宾代替:think/find/make+ it+adj. +(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth.‎ 后接sb. to do的动词:force, teach, get, tell, know, help, ask, invite, wish, want, warn, wait for, allow, require, cause, advise, order, encourage, like 常用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有:have, make, let, feel, see, observe, look at, listen to, notice, watch, hear, discover(被动语态要还原to) 结构有:had better do, would rather do(than do), can’t but do, do nothing but do, have nothing to do but do, why do?, why not do?‎ 作定语:要后置。若不定式是不及物动词,作定语时其后介词不能省。‎ ‎ (修饰的名词是time,place,way 时其后上常省略介词)‎ 作状语:表目的:go to sp. to do /do sb. can to do /follow sb. to do ‎ 表原因:be sorry to do/be happy to do/be pleased to do 后接doing的动词:advise,allow,avoid,miss,mind,enjoy,finish,keep,put off,give up,keep on,practice,imagine,consider,can’t help,can’t stop,suggest,can’t stand 动词中考点 时态语态 动词短语 非谓动词 情态动词 词义辨析 近六年河北中考动词原题再现 ‎2006年32.Hangzhou is a nice city. My Dad me there when I was about ten years old.‎ ‎ A.pulled B.caught C.took D.brought ‎33.Physics more interesting than maths. A.are B.is C.was D.were ‎34.I on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening.‎ A. draw B.drew C.was drawing D.am drawing ‎35.My father on business for two weeks. He’ll return in 3 days.‎ ‎ A.left B.has left C.has gone D.has been away ‎12分 36.---Could you please tell Peter that I want to talk to him?‎ ‎ ---Sure, I will let him know as soon as he back.‎ ‎ A.comes B.came C.has come D.will come ‎37.The children to swim last month and they can swim very well now.‎ ‎ A.are taught B.were taught C.have taught D.taught ‎39.He has failed several times, but he won’t .‎ ‎ A.go on B.come on C.get up D.give up ‎40.We often hear her after class. A.sing B.to sing C.sings D.sang ‎41.He’s flown to Qingdao for summer holidays, he?‎ ‎ Aisn’t B.wasn’t C.hasn’t D.doesn’t ‎44.---Listen! Is that Kate? ---No. It be Kate. She has gone to London.‎ ‎ A.may not B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.can’t ‎83.“I’ve (长大).I can help with some housework.”she said to her parents.‎ ‎84.Please (关掉)the lights before you leave.‎ ‎2007年 32. -Must I finish the work today? -No, you ___. You can finish it tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t ‎ 33. I’ll do it better if the teacher _______ me another chance.‎ ‎ A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give ‎ 35. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _______ the piano.‎ ‎ A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played ‎ ‎37. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _______ in China since 2002.‎ ‎12分 A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed ‎38. How much does the ticket ________ from Shanghai to Beijing?‎ ‎ A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay ‎ 39. You bought a new computer last week, _______ you?‎ ‎ A. aren’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. haven’t ‎ 40. There _________ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening.‎ ‎ A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have D. is staying ‎ ‎ 42. We ________ to close the windows before we left the lab.‎ ‎ A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told ‎44. He ________ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag.‎ ‎ A. picked up B. threw away C. looked for D. handed in ‎ 82. The glasses he ________(戴) a moment ago are broken. He needs a new pair.‎ ‎ 84. Alice is so nice that everyone likes to_________(交朋友)her.‎ ‎85. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes in class. You won’t be______(嘲笑)‎ ‎2008年26. There     a lot of rain in this area in August every year.‎ A.is   B.was C.are   D.were ‎27. The children     a P.E. class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.‎ A.have         B.are having     C.had          D.were having ‎32. Nick     a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.‎ A.buys            B.is buying        C.bought         D.will buy ‎33. --Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. --OK. I ____    .‎ A.will            B.won’t             C.do            D.don’t ‎11分 34. Thomas, please be quiet. The others      hear very well.‎ A.can’t          B.musn’t            C.shouldn’t     D.needn’t ‎35. Last year, Li Hua, a college student,      to work for the Olympic Games.‎ A.is choosing   B.is chosen       C.was choosing D.was chosen ‎38. How’s Annie? I      her for a long time.‎ A.don’t see      B.won’t see       C.didn’t see   D.haven’t seen ‎37.   ____   those lights, please. Don’t use so much energy.‎ A.Take off        B.Put on            C.Turn off      D.Turn on ‎77.We practised          (唱)English songs for one and a half hours today.‎ ‎79.XuLi,with his friends,               (拾起)waste paper in the park every Sunday.‎ ‎80.Do you know this table                  (由…制成)bamboo?‎ ‎2009年 29. This silk dress _____ so smooth. It’s made in China. ‎ A. tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels ‎33. My friend _____ me. I have to leave now.‎ A. waits for B. waited for C. is waiting for D. was waiting for ‎34. Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work _____ today.‎ A. may do B. must do C. may be done D. must be done ‎11分 36. Keep practicing and you _____ your English.‎ A. improve B. will improve C. improved D. were improving ‎37. The news ___ very interesting! Tell me more! A.is B.are C.were D.was ‎38. Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he _____.‎ A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrives D. arrived ‎39. More and more young people are trying to do something _____ the old.‎ A. served B. to serve C. serve D. serves ‎40. Sally, _____ your sunglasses. The sun is so bright.‎ A. put on B. put up C. put away D. put down ‎42. I _____ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?‎ A. write B. wrote C. am writing D. will write ‎44. Helen loves to talk about travel. She _____ many places.‎ A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone for D. has been from ‎84. They _______________ (同意) us on some matters yesterday afternoon. ‎ ‎2010年31. —Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? —Yes, you ______.‎ A. must B. can C. may D. need ‎33. I’d like you ______ for a picnic with us.‎ A. go B. to go C. going D. went ‎35. Mike ________ his computer and checked his e-mail.‎ A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down ‎10分 36. Everyone _______ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.‎ A. find B. think C. finds D. Thinks ‎37. Hong Kong___________ to be a good place for eating today.‎ A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ‎38. This term_________ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ‎39. I_______ a mistake. Please don’t be angry with me.‎ A. make B. made C. will make D. had made ‎41. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he ___________ in Beijing.‎ A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived ‎44. I____________ my clothes, and the phone rang.‎ A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing ‎84. Steven__________________ (参加) the school dancing club last year.‎ ‎2011年28.There__lots of people at the restaurant when I got there. ‎ A.is B.was C.are D.were ‎32.Whenever you have a chance _________ English, you should take it.‎ A.speak B.to speak C.spoke D.speaks ‎11分 35.Would you please ________ my baby brother while I’m cooking?‎ A.take out of B.take care of C.take part in D.take away from ‎36.You ____ eat the soup if you don’t like it. ‎ A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.can’t ‎37.This sentence _______ right. Please write it down.‎ A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smells ‎38.My sister wants a new dress. She _________ it to the party.‎ A.wears B.has worn C.wore D.is going to wear ‎40.I didn’t hear you because I ________ the news on the radio.‎ A.listen to B.am listening to C.listened to D.was listening to ‎42.I _______ my homework, I guess I can’t join you.‎ A.don’t finish B.didn’t finish C.haven’t finished D.won’t finish ‎44.The Spring Festival __________ in January or February.‎ A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.celebrated D.was celebrated ‎84.We Chinese sometimes _______(借)words from English when talking.‎ ‎85.Victor ________(敲)the door before he walked into the room.‎ ‎2012年29. ________ something wrong with my bike. Can I use yours?‎ ‎ A. It is B. It was C. There is D. There was ‎35. -Whose is the pencil box?‎ ‎ -It ________ be Tom’s. Look at his name on the cover!‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. must D. need ‎37. ________ a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.‎ ‎ A. To find B. Find C. To write D. Write ‎11分 38. The clothing store ________ a sale. The clothes there are very cheap.‎ ‎ A. has B. had C. is having D. was having ‎39. ________ your name on the paper and you can get a magazine.‎ ‎ A. Cut down B. Look down C. Turn down D. Put down ‎40. Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher, ________ many flowers these days.‎ ‎ A. received B. will receive C. was receiving D. has received ‎41. Your sweater looks smart. Where ________ you ________ it?‎ ‎ A. do, get B. did, get C. will, get D. have, got ‎43. –Where were you this morning?‎ ‎ -I ________ in the supermarket.‎ ‎ A. will shop B. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped ‎44. More money ________ when we use both sides of paper.‎ ‎ A. will save B. was saved C. has saved D. will be saved ‎82. Nancy often __________________ (go swimming) with her friends in summer.‎ ‎84. Students are ______________ (encourage) to share their thoughts by teachers.‎
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