2020版高考英语 Unit 18 Beauty夯练（含解析）北师大版选修6

2020版高考英语 Unit 18 Beauty夯练（含解析）北师大版选修6

Unit 18 Beauty 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain，in rats at least.‎ ‎“This is an animal study，but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important—not just for physical development，but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive(认知的)development during ageing，”says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto，Canada. “In humans，it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's disease(阿尔茨海默病)，possibly to the point of preventing it.”‎ Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups，and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box，they froze with fear.‎ Two weeks later，the team tested the rats in three situations：exactly the same box in the same room，the same box with the room arranged differently，and a completely different box in a different room.‎ The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations，suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.‎ ‎“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young，at least for rats，has influence on the brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older，” says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston，who has found that，in humans，exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.‎ ‎1．The study shows that ________.‎ A．physical activity is important for physical health B．using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth C．physical activity can prevent humans' Alzheimer's disease D．the more exercise a rat has when young，the better memory it will possess when older ‎2．How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?‎ 7‎ A．By analyzing causes.‎ B．By giving an example.‎ C．By describing the process.‎ D．By showing differences.‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Exercise.　　　　　B．Development.‎ C．Benefit. D．Study.‎ ‎4．What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?‎ A．Negative. B．Objective.‎ C．Critical. D．Doubtful.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文为说明文，介绍了一项科学研究，从而得出早期锻炼对大脑终身有好处的结论。‎ ‎1．D　考查细节理解。根据第一段内容尤其是第二句“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least”可知，早期锻炼似乎对大脑终身有好处，至少对老鼠来说是这样的。故选D项。‎ ‎2．C　考查写作手法。根据第三段的“Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups...Around four months later...they froze with fear”和第四段的“Two weeks later，the team tested the rats in three situations”可知，本文第三、四段描述了Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行实验的过程。C项意为“通过描述过程”，故选C项。A项意为“通过分析原因”；B项意为“通过举例子”；D项意为“通过展示不同点”。这三项均不符合第三、四段的发展脉络。‎ ‎3．A　考查代词指代。根据第二段的“but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important”及“In humans，it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's disease(阿尔茨海默病)”可知，身体活动很重要，对人类来说，它可能会推迟阿尔茨海默病的出现。因此“it”在文中指的是“physical activity”， A项与其同义，故选A项。‎ ‎4．B　考查观点态度。通读全文可知，作者介绍了对老鼠进行实验的过程及其结果，并引用数据进行说明，由此可知作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。B项意为“客观的”，故选B项。‎ 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Every city has a particular smell, which enriches the 61.____________ (imagine) of many a tourist.Vienna is no different.There 62.____________ (be) plenty of smells on little streets, roads and squares, during the night and during the day.‎ When you have got some time to spend in Vienna, it is wonderful to walk through 7‎ ‎ the city just 63.____________ (catch) some smells on your way.Hot sausages steam in the pots behind the stands where they 64.____________ (sell)．Don’ t think you can avoid smells in a tram, 65.____________ most popular form of transport in Vienna! Imagine going on a tram when 66.____________ (sudden) someone enters, holding a slice of pizza in his hands.A strong aroma (香气) spreads through the tram, heads turn around straight away and you absorb the delicious smell 67.____________ your nose.You discover at once that you are 68.____________ (hunger)．Well, there are a lot of restaurants in Vienna 69.____________ you can fight against this feeling.There you can find an accumulation of the best aromas, particularly in the city centre.Barbecue, fish, curry, and come on in! Just think of the smells 70.____________ (come) up from the plates and from the kitchen.What excellent bait (诱惑) to attract guests inside the restaurant!‎ ‎61．imagination　解析：考查名词。设空处前有the限定，且意为“想象力”，故填名词imagination。‎ ‎62．are　解析：考查主谓一致。设空处所在句是There be句型，且由plenty of smells及语境可知，此处应填are。‎ ‎63．to catch　解析：考查不定式作状语。设空处作目的状语，且you(隐含)与catch之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填to catch。‎ ‎64．are sold　解析：考查时态语态。they指代Hot sausages，且与sell之间是被动关系，再结合主句时态可知应填are sold。‎ ‎65．the　解析：考查定冠词。形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。‎ ‎66．suddenly　解析：考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，故填副词suddenly。‎ ‎67．with　解析：考查介词。此处意为“用鼻子闻”，故填with。‎ ‎68．hungry　解析：考查形容词作表语。设空处作表语，且意为“饥饿的”，故填hungry。‎ ‎69．where　解析：考查关系副词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰restaurants，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎70．coming　解析：考查动词ing形式作定语。smell与come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且come所表示的动作正在发生，故填coming。‎ 三、短文改错。‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 7‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(2017·南宁检测)In general, visitors don’t have much difficulty know where to buy things in Britain.Most shops sell that you would expect them to.Many large supermarkets were selfservice.When you enter in one of these shops, you take a basket and put the things you wish to buy into them.If anyone tries to take things from a shop without paying, they are almost certainly to be caught.Most shops have store detective who have the job of catching shoplifters. Shoplifting is considering a serious crime in Britain.When waiting to be served, it’s important that you would wait your turn.Many people from overseas are astonished at British habit of queueing.‎ 答案：‎ In general, visitors don’t have much difficulty where to buy things in Britain.Most shops sell you would expect them to.Many large supermarkets selfservice.When you enter one of these shops, you take a basket and put the things you wish to buy into .If anyone tries to take things from a shop without paying, they are almost to be caught.Most shops have store who have the job of catching shoplifters. Shoplifting is a serious crime in Britain.When waiting to be served, it’s important that you wait your turn.Many people from overseas are astonished at British habit of queueing.‎ 四、七选五。‎ 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ History is a record of what has happened in the past. 　1　 The really fascinating thing is that much of history has been repeated time and again. It allows us to learn from the past, both the mistakes made and the successes achieved. ‎ 7‎ One of the benefits of history is reading how other people both famous and totally unknown have overcome tremendous challenges in their life. These challenges, although particular to a person, or to a certain time in the past, or occurring in a different country or culture, all convey the same thing. 　2　 ‎ ‎　3　 He encountered many failures while on the road to finally inventing the modern day light bulb. He could be held out as an example of a person who never gave up. 　4　 However, he did not let those failures stop him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success. ‎ Or, consider the story of Abraham Lincoln who managed to become President of the United States even though he suffered many setbacks and personal losses. Most of us only realize the success of Mr Lincoln becoming President. 　5　 His life was not an easy one. His story is one that motivates us to keep moving forward no matter what obstacles we have in life. ‎ A. History has a lot of influence on us. ‎ B. Take for example the story of Thomas Edison. ‎ C. History has some very unique qualities about it. ‎ D. I am sure he was discouraged by his many failures. ‎ E. They convey wisdom in their short stories of perseverance. ‎ F. Few of us knew about the many challenges he had to overcome. ‎ G. Only those with courage to face challenges can hope to live their dreams. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文讲述历史对我们的生活是如何进行指导的。‎ ‎1. 【解析】选C。根据上文提到“History is a record of what has happened in the past. 历史就是对过去发生事情的记录, ”以及下一句内容可知应选C。“历史有一些独一无二的特质”。‎ ‎2. 【解析】选E。根据上文提到“These challenges, although particular to a person, or to a certain time in the past, or occurring in a different country or culture, all convey the same thing. 虽然对于某个人来说, 或者对于过去的某个特定时间来说, 或者对于发生在一个不同的国家或文化中的事情来说, 这种挑战是很独特的, 但都表达相同的内容”, 故选E“它们同样传达了智慧。”是对上一句的详细说明。‎ ‎3. 【解析】选B。根据下文提到“He encountered many failures while on the road to 7‎ ‎ finally inventing the modern day light bulb. 他经历很多的失败才最终发明了现代的电灯”, 故选B“以爱迪生的故事为例”。‎ ‎4. 【解析】选D。根据下文“However, he did not let those failures stop him. ”但是他没有让那些失败阻止过他”, 是对上文的转折。故选D“我肯定他也对多次的失败气馁过”。‎ ‎5. 【解析】选F。根据上文提到“Most of us only realize the success of Mr Lincoln becoming President. 许多人只看到林肯成为总统”, 故选F“我们却很少有人知道他必须克服的众多困难”。‎ 五、书面表达。‎ ‎(2017·山西省3月质量检测)假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Edward正在学习汉语，希望你推荐一个适合他学习汉语的网站。请你根据以下内容，给他回复邮件。‎ 推荐网站：www.edchinese.com 网站内容：1.中文情景对话、中国风俗、中文电影、中文歌曲、成语和唐诗等；‎ ‎2．有在线教师答疑解惑。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Edward，‎ I’m more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese.I’d like to recommend www.edchinese.com to you.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear_Edward，‎ I’m_more_than_pleased_to_know_that_you_are_learning_Chinese.I’d_like_to_recommend_www.edchinese.com_to_you. It’s a good website for nonChinese speakers 7‎ ‎ who are learning Chinese, especially for beginners.‎ Firstly, it provides you with a variety of online courses, such as Chinese idioms，dialogues and customs.Besides，it will help you learn Chinese in interesting and effective ways.Here you can learn to sing some Chinese songs, enjoy Tang poems and watch Chinese movies.More importantly, there are teachers online whom you can turn to for help.And all this is free of charge.‎ I hope you will find this website attractive and helpful.‎ Wish you a happy learning time!‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 7‎