2019届一轮复习北师大版选修八Unit24Societ单元学案（13页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版选修八Unit24Societ单元学案（13页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版选修8Unit 24Societ单元学案 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·江西新余一中模拟)‎ My Favourite Travel Books The Old Patagonian Express by Paul Theroux Choosing my favorite Paul Theroux book is like picking my favorite place in the world: It's impossible to settle on just one.But The Old Patagonian Express, which is about a train journey Theroux made from Boston, USA to southern Argentina, is right up there at the top of my list.Theroux has a wicked sense of humor.He brings so much wisdom and experience to his travels.‎ Walden by Henry David Thoreau If he were alive today, Thoreau would probably frown if he heard someone refer to Walden as a travel book.But I regard it as a travelwriting masterpiece.“I went into the woods，” he writes，“because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach，and not，when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.” That's the same spirit of discovery that defines so many great contemporary travel records.‎ The Dharma Bums by Jack Kerouac Like so many people, I fell in love with Kerouac's novels in my late teens and early 20s.On the Road gets all the press, but I always love The Dharma Bums.Kerouac beautifully captures the romance of California trains, Berkeley, and backpacking in the Sierras.It's hard to read this book without wanting to leave for the mountains to brainstorm bad haikus on the trail and cook canned macaroni and cheese over a crackling campfire.‎ Confucius Lives Next Door by T．R.Reid This is sort of A Year in Provence in Japan, only the crosscultural differences are much greater.Reid and his family moved to Tokyo when he became the chief for The Washington Post, enabling him to uncover truths about the country.Among the highlights are his observations about Japanese schools, including Yodobashi No.6 Elementary School，where his daughters were greeted by the whole school staff.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文作者为大家推荐了几本书。‎ ‎1．Which book enables readers to experience great crosscultural differences?‎ A．The Old Patagonian Express.‎ B．Confucius Lives Next Door.‎ C．On the Road.‎ D．Walden.‎ 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Confucius Lives Next Door by T．R.Reid.This is sort of A Year in Provence in Japan, only the crosscultural differences are much greater。可知选B。‎ ‎2．What will people feel after reading Jack Kerouac's The Dharma Bums?‎ A．A strong desire to follow.‎ B．A love for novels.‎ C．A wish to learn cooking.‎ D．An excitement to write poems.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。根据Like so many people, I fell in love with Kerouac's novels in my late teens and early 20s.On the Road gets all the press, but I always love The Dharma Burns.Kerouac beautifully captures the romance of California trains, Berkeley, and backpacking in the Sierras. It's hard to read this book without wanting to leave for the mountains to brainstorm bad haikus on the trail and cook canned macaroni and cheese over a crackling campfire.可知读了小说The Dharma Bums，人们有一种想要追随的强烈渴望，所以选A。‎ ‎3．Which writer based his book on a train journey from home to abroad?‎ A．T.R.Reid.　　　　B．Henry David Thoreau.‎ C．Paul Theroux. D．Jack Kerouac.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。根据But The Old Patagonian Express, which is about a train journey Theroux made from Boston, USA to southern Argentina, is right up there at the top of my list.可知选C。‎ B ‎(2018·湖南衡阳四中一模)‎ Fitness Zone Special offer Look_your_best this summer with our wonderful equipment and a tailormade (量身定制的)program made specially for you by one of our best personal trainers.‎ If you are having a difficult time getting active, Fitness Zone is where you want to be.‎ With a personal trainer assigned(指定)to you，you will be placed in a tailor made program that will make you look your best in just 12 weeks.‎ With our program，you will get the full benefits of：Our oneonone support and expert guidance by the top trainers in our industry.The use of the best fitness equipment，including free weights，treadmills and bikes.Ongoing group classes，from aerobics(有氧健身操)and yoga to dancercise and more.‎ So come for a free consultation(咨询)and get started today!‎ Don't miss out!‎ Offer is good until this Friday.‎ ‎610，St.George Street，Suite 310，Chicago Tel：6554866　Web：fitnesszone.com ‎【语篇解读】　本文属于广告类阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了健身区，在这里可为读者提供各种健身服务。‎ ‎4．Who can choose to join Fitness Zone?‎ A．People who want to keep fit.‎ B．People who are good at training others.‎ C．People who need a tailormade suit.‎ D．People who have health problems.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第六段The use of the best fitness equipment，including free weights treadmills and bikes.可知在健身区你可以使用各种健身器材，因此适合想保持健康的人，故选A。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined phrase “look your best” mean?‎ A．Look in the mirror.‎ B．Try your best to see.‎ C．Look more confident.‎ D．Be in excellent condition.‎ 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第一段Look_your_best this summer with our wonderful equipment and a tailormade(量身定制的)program made specially for you by one of our best personal trainers.可知今年夏天用健身区的设备和特定的计划可以使你处于最佳状态，故选D。‎ ‎6．What is not offered in the advertisement?‎ A．Group yoga classes.‎ B．The best fitness equipment.‎ C．Special fitness clothes.‎ D．Professional personal trainers.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段for you by one of our best personal trainers；第六段The use of the best fitness equipment；第七段Ongoing group classes，from aerobics(有氧健身操)and yoga to dancercise and more可知这里提供瑜伽班，最好的健身器材，专业的私人教练，故选C。‎ ‎7．How can I contact Fitness Zone if I feel like joining it?‎ A．By phone B．By Internet C．Through the address D．All of the above.‎ 解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章最后Offer is good until this Friday.610, St.George Street，Suite 310, Chicago; Tel: 6554866; Web: fitnesszone.com可知你可以通过网络，电话，地址参加报名，故选D。‎ C ‎(2018·成都市一诊)‎ Lucy，whose skeleton(骨骼)was discovered in Ethiopia in 1974，died shortly after she fell out of a tree, according to a new study published Monday in the British journal Nature.‎ For their research，Kappelman and Dr.Richard Ketcham used a CT scanner to create more than 35,000“slices”of Lucy's skeleton.Scientists named her Lucy from the Beatles song“Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds”，which was played at the camp the night of her discovery.‎ The following analysis of the slices showed sharp，clean breaks seen at the end of Lucy's right humerus(肱骨)are similar to bone breaks seen in victims of falls.The researchers concluded that these and other breaks in her skeleton show that Lucy，who is believed to have stood about 3 feet 6 inches and weighed about 60 pounds，fell feet first and used her arms to support herselfbut that the injury was too severe to have been survivable.‎ The researchers estimate that Lucy was going about 35 miles an hour when she hit the ground after falling from a height of roughly 40 feet，according to the statement.‎ That sounds plausible.But other scientists are doubtful.“There are countless explanations for bone breaks，”Dr，Donald C，Johanson，director of the Institute of Human Origins and one of the scientists who discovered Lucy，said，“The suggestion that she fell out of a tree is largely a justso story and therefore unprovable.”‎ Johanson said it was more likely that Lucy's breaks occurred long after she died，saying that“elephant bones appear to have the same kind of breaks，It's unlikely they fell out of a tree.‎ But the new research focused on“a small number of breaks”that are consistent with“highenergy bonetobone influences”and which differ from the sorts of breaks commonly seen in other collected bones.Kappelman responded in an email，“These appear to have occurred at or near the time of death.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科教类阅读，露西，1974年他的骨骼在埃塞俄比亚被发现。根据一项周一发表在英国《自然》杂志的一项研究，她是从树上摔下后死的。本文以此展开，主要讲述了专家学者在发现了Lucy坠树后不久身亡的骨骼后，对其死因的争论。‎ ‎8．What can we know about Lucy from Kappelman and Dr.Richard Ketcham's research?‎ A．She got her name from a song.‎ B．She had more than 35,000 slices.‎ C．She couldn't use her arms properly.‎ D．She made an effort to save herself.‎ 解析：D　细节理解题。根据who is believed to have stood about 3 feet 6 inches and weighed about 60 pounds，fell feet first and used her arms to support herselfbut that the injury was too severe to have been survivable.可知，Lucy本想用胳膊来支撑自己，却无能为力，可知她想过自救，故选D。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined word“plausible”in Paragraph 6probably mean?‎ A．Reasonable. B．Creative.‎ C．Surprising. D．Unbelievable.‎ 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据That sounds plausible.But other scientists are doubtful.上文听起来是合理的，后面But表示转折，一些科学家是持怀疑态度的。故可知是doubtful的反义词。故选A。‎ ‎10．Which of the following would Johanson probably agree?‎ A．Elephants are unlikely to die from falling.‎ B．Lucy got breaks at or near the time of death.‎ C．Other reasons for the breaks should be considered.‎ D．Lucy's bone breaks differ from other bone breaks.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。根据There are countless explanations for bone breaks可知，Johanson专家认为对于Lucy的死因还有许多不同的解释，他会同意的是其他因素也应该被考虑进Lucy的死因。故选C。‎ ‎11．What conclusion can we draw from the passage?‎ A．Lucy didn't die from falling out of a tree.‎ B．The newly published study was meaningless.‎ C．The argument on how Lucy died will continue.‎ D．Scientists will find another way to solve the problem.‎ 解析：C　主旨大意题。根据文章内容“But the new research focused on‘a small number of breaks’ that are consistent with‘highenergy bonetobone influences’ and which differ from the sorts of breaks commonly seen in other collected bones.Kappelman responded in an email，‘These appear to have occurred at or near the time of death’．”可知，但是一些新的研究又出现了，可以总结出对于这件事情的争议还会继续下去。故选C。‎ D ‎(2018·辽宁庄河高中沈阳市第二十中学联考)‎ We are enrolled in the fulltime school called “life”．Every day in this school, we have opportunities to learn new lessons.No matter whether we like these lessons or not, we have to take them, because they are our lessons.‎ Why are we here in this world? What is the purpose of life? Humans have tried to discover the meaning of life for thousands of years, but failed to get the answer, because the meaning of life is different from person to person.‎ Each one of us has his or her special purpose and path, unique and different.As we travel on our life path, we will learn many great lessons in order to fulfill that purpose.Learning our lessons well is the key to discovering the real meaning of our own life.‎ As we travel through our lifetime, we may be taught hard lessons that others don't have to face, while others spend years struggling with problems we don't need to deal with.We may never know why we love English, not physics, which indicates that our path is different.While traveling on our own path, sometimes alone, we should, first of all, take a basic lesson in openness.‎ Openness means being receptive.Life will present us with so many lessons, none of which are useful to us unless we can recognize them and are open to their values.These lessons are not easy to learn, but we should regard them as gifts.But how can we recognize these lessons? It is a matter of what “glasses” we are wearing at the time.It is not difficult to spot them if we take them as opportunities.So when we are not open to learning our lessons, failing a weekly English test might be like a disaster rather than an opportunity to us.Of course, the hard lessons may not be fun, but they can actually be the biggest gifts we receive from life.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　短文介绍我们进入生活这所大学，生活告诉我们生活的目的，生命的意义，每个人的人生道路各不相同，正确对待生活中发生的一切。‎ ‎12．The author may be in favor of the viewpoint that all men are born ________.‎ A．equal B．different C．to learn lessons D．ready for challenge 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“because the meaning of life is different from person to person.”可知，作者可能会同意每个人人生的意义各不相同这一观点。故选B。‎ ‎13．The example of “we love English, not physics” is mentioned to show that we ________.‎ A．choose our own path in life B．need to face some hard lessons C．discover the meaning of our own life D．realize the necessity of openness 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We may never know why we love English, not physics，which indicates that our path is different.”可知，作者用“我们爱英语，而不是物理”这个例子来说明我们各自都有各自的人生道路。故选A。‎ ‎14．Whether we can see life lessons as gifts depends upon our ________.‎ A．angles of view B．common value system C．experiences from life D．willingness to face challenge 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It is a matter of what ‘glasses’‎ ‎ we are wearing at the time.”可知，你如何看待生活所给的教训要取决于自己“戴着什么样的眼镜”，推知作者认为看待生活中的教训的态度取决于自己的视角。故选A。‎ ‎15．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Life and lesson B．Life as School C．Life School and Students D．Gifts from Life 解析：B　主旨大意题。根据短文介绍我们进入生活这所大学，在这里我们学会生活的目的，生命的意义，每个人的人生道路各不相同。可推知，这个短文就是围绕生活这所大学展开。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018·河南省漯河市高级中学模拟)‎ I always used to think that the drive across a fourkilometer stretch from my house to the main road was a pain.Almost everyone in the world seemed to want to go somewhere at the same time.And exactly at the moment when our car inched towards the front, the lights would turn red again.__1__‎ Then one day something magical happened.The fact is my neck was a bit stiff that morning.__2__ Beyond the pavement a gulmohar(凤凰木)tree with a vivid crown of bright red and orange blossoms in bunches.The small leaves were equally beautiful.I racked my head for expressions to describe them.‎ The gulmohar's small neighbor was cooler.I recognized it as an Ashoka tree.I felt that the Ashoka did not have a private music collection of its own.My gaze shifted to its neighbor.Now this one was a beauty in its own way.They seemed to be friends.__3__ The Ashoka looked like their parent or guardian content to be in its own world.‎ Suddenly the trees seemed to be moving away from me.Had they set out on their outing already？__4__ The traffic lights had turned green and we were on our way.For the first time I felt the traffic signal was not such a bad sort.__5__ Did that feel good!‎ A．It had got me new friends.‎ B．Then I realized what it was.‎ C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ D．It was a clear fiveminute wait there.‎ E．The red light is always attractive to me.‎ F．As I moved my head to the left I saw it for the first time.‎ G．Rather, they seemed like two young girls planning a happy outing.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文讲述了作者在路上突然发现了周围美好的景色，从而感到自己的路程不再那么的痛苦，原来一切都可以变得美好，只要我们去发现他们的美。‎ ‎1．解析：D　根据前边the lights would turn red again，可知又要等待，故选D。‎ ‎2．解析：F　根据前边The fact is my neck was a bit stiff that morning，可知我把头移向一边，故选F。‎ ‎3．解析：G　根据前边They seemed to be friends，可知后边要说他们看起来更像是两个年轻女孩在计划一次愉快的郊游，故选G。‎ ‎4．解析：B　根据后边The traffic lights had turned green and we were on our way.可知前边表示发生了什么事，故选B。‎ ‎5．解析：A　根据前边For the first time I felt the traffic signal was not such a bad sort可知我感到它不那么糟糕，故选A。‎ 课时练(二)　英语知识运用板块练——练准度 ‎(限时：25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2017～2018·遵义航天高级中学第一学期模拟英语试题)‎ Over the last 15 years, as a doctor, I have had hearttoheart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives.The most common emotion they express is __1__.And that's __2__ I came up with a project to encourage people to write a __3__ to their loved ones.It's a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable __4__ patient.‎ He was a retired __5__ with a cancer.Every day, his __6__ spent many hours watching him watch television.She explained to me he had never been much of a __7__ in their 50plus years of marriage.But he seemed quite __8__ to share his ideas with me, __9__ when it became clear his days were __10__.He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his loved wife, and of his great __11__ in his son, who had joined the Navy in his father's footsteps.‎ One afternoon, when I mentioned these __12__ to his wife and son, they looked disbelievingly at each other.They thanked me for being so kind but __13__ my patient was unlikely to express such feelings.To make sure his family could hear his __14__， I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patient's __15__， recorded an open letter from him to his family.When I gave them the __16__ letter, both his wife and son were moved to tears.‎ The experience __17__ my letter project, which can help people complete their life review tasks: apologizing to those we may have hurt; __18__ those who have hurt us and saying “I love you”．It may take much courage to write a life review letter.For some people, it may __19__ deep and troubling emotions.__20__ it may be the most important letter you will ever write.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作为一名医生，因为与无数临终的病人交谈过，他们常表达出自己的遗憾。这激发了我想让人们给自己爱的人写一封信的想法，以此表达对曾经伤害过的人的歉意及原谅伤害过自己的人们。‎ ‎1．A.gratitude　　　　　　　B．regret C．apology D．affection 解析：B　考查名词辨析。根据下文的内容可知是在临终之前表达的都是遗憾的心情。最后一段中有提示。gratitude感激；regret后悔，遗憾；apology 道歉；affection情感。‎ ‎2．A.because B．why C．when D．how 解析：B　考查连词。从语境可看出这就是我为什么(why)提出这个项目。故B符合。‎ ‎3．A.note B．bill C．letter D．sentence 解析：C　考查名词。通过语境可知病人临终时常有遗憾，因此作者通过这个项目来鼓励人们写信给自己所爱的人。故选C.letter。‎ ‎4．A.dying B．weak C．unconscious D．silent 解析：A　考查形容词。从下文可知这是从一个将要去世的人学到的教训。因此选项A.dying(要死的)符合题意。weak虚弱的；unconscious无意识的；silent沉默的。通过对比可知A符合题意。‎ ‎5．A.merchant B．worker C．official D．soldier 解析：D　考查名词。从第11小题可知他是当过海军，因此是个士兵(soldier)。‎ ‎6．A.family B．daughter C．son D．wife 解析：D　考查名词。从第7小题后“in their 50plus years of marriage.”(在他们结婚的50多年里)可知是他的妻子(wife)。‎ ‎7．A.husband B．lover C．talker D．companion 解析：C　考查名词辨析。上文说他妻子每天都在看他看电视，(可知他是个不健谈的人。)由此可推断出她向我解释说在他们结婚的50多年里，他不是个健谈的人(talker)。‎ ‎8．A.willing B．disturbing C．embarrassed D．delighted 解析：A　考查形容词。根据句意可知这个人不善言谈却愿意(willing)和我分享他的一些想法。disturbing烦扰的，令人不安的；embarrassed局促不安的，为难的，尴尬的，窘迫的；delighted高兴的。‎ ‎9．A.specially B．especially C．exactly D．gradually 解析：B　考查副词。句意：他看起来非常愿意和我分享他的想法，尤其(especially尤其地)是他在世上的日子不多了。specially特别地，专门地，特意地，格外地；especially尤其地，主要地，格外地，显著地；exactly确切地；gradually慢慢地。‎ ‎10．A.numbered B．died C．ended D．completed 解析：A　考查动词辨析。从第5小题可知他是个癌症患者，所剩时日不多，屈指可数。故用numbered。‎ ‎11．A.satisfaction B．pride C．concern D．complaint 解析：B　考查名词。他儿子以他为榜样参加了海军，因此他以儿子为自豪(pride)。satisfaction满意；concern关心；complaint抱怨；be proud of...以……感到自豪。故选B。‎ ‎12．A.comments B．decisions C．explanations D．promises 解析：A　考查名词辨析。当我把他的话(即评论)对他的妻子和儿子说了，他们难以置信。comment评论；decision决定；explanation解释；promise承诺，允诺。‎ ‎13．A.denied B．disbelieved C．insisted D．realized 解析：C　考查动词。从上文可知这个病人是个不善谈的人，所以当他儿子和妻子听到这样的评论难以相信，因此他们才会感谢我并坚持(insisted)他是不可能如此表达。deny否认；disbelieved难以相信；realize意识到，知道，实现。从上文可知C符合本题。‎ ‎14．A.sorrow B．anxiety C．wish D．love 解析：D　考查名词。从上文的内容可知这个病人表达的是对家人的爱(love)。sorrow悲痛；anxiety焦虑，担心；wish愿望；love爱。‎ ‎15．A.desire B．permission C．request D．assistance 解析：B　考查名词。第二天我带着摄像机，经过病人的同意(permission)。desire渴望；permission允许，批准；request请求；assistance帮助。从上下文中可知是病人的允许。故选B.permission。‎ ‎16．A.taped B．typed C．written D．unopened 解析：A　考查动词辨析。tape用带子捆起来，录音；type打字；write写作；open打开。‎ ‎17．A.raised B．inspired C．proved D．welcomed 解析：B　 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知这个项目能帮助人们弥补过去的憾事，这事激励我去做。raise引起，抱起，提高(价格等)，养育，筹集；inspire鼓舞，激励，赋予灵感，启迪；prove证明，证实；welcome欢迎，乐于接受。‎ ‎18．A.acknowledging B．forgetting C．hurting D．forgiving 解析：D　考查动词辨析。句意：向那些我们可能伤害过的人道歉，原谅那些伤害过我们的人，并说“我爱你”。acknowledge承认，鸣谢，对……打招呼；forget忘记；hurt伤害；forgive原谅。通过上下文可知是原谅(forgive)那些伤害过我们的人，D符合题意。‎ ‎19．A.calls for B．calls off C．calls in D．calls up 解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。它可能唤起(call up)人们内心深处的烦恼情绪。calls for要求，需要，提倡；calls off放弃，取消，叫走；calls in召集，招来，收回；call up打电话，召集，使想起，提出，唤醒。通过上下文可知call up符合题意。‎ ‎20．A.So B．For C．Yet D．Otherwise 解析：C　考查连词辨析。本空前句意：它可能唤起人们内心深处的烦恼情绪。及空后的句意：这可能是你写过的最重要的一封信。从本空的语境可知：虽然能让人们想起不好的情绪但却是最重要的一封信。由此可知是转折关系。故选C。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 Getting fit no longer __1__ (require) a pencilandpaper workout plan or a food diary.If you're looking for some new and __2__ (create) ways to improve your health, try Fit Time.‎ It's like your personal trainer.After __3__ (get) all the information it needsyour ‎ height, weight, age, and exercise habitsit gives you a customized training course, __4__ asks you to work out four times a week for about two __5__ (month)．The exercises focus __6__ a different part of your body every day.For instance, on Monday, you do pushups(俯卧撑)to build up your arms, and on Tuesday，you build up __7__ (strong) in your legs by doing deep knee bends.__8__ exercise plan changes as time goes by.‎ The best part of this app is that everyone can share __9__ (they) workout results and follow their training.It is a great way for you and your friends __10__ (encourage) each other to build strong bodies.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了一款帮助你锻炼身体的手机应用程序。‎ ‎1．解析：requires　考查时态和主谓一致。本文用一般现在时描述，动名词短语作主语为单数概念，故谓语用三单，填requires。‎ ‎2．解析：creative　考查形容词。根据and前后一致原则，故后面也填形容词，故creative。‎ ‎3．解析：getting　考查动名词。after是介词，后接动词要接动名词，故填getting。‎ ‎4．解析：which　考查连词。此处为非限制性定语从句，空格处填关系代词指代前一句的内容，并且作主语，故填which。‎ ‎5．解析：months　考查名词。根据句意此处用复数，故填months。‎ ‎6．解析：on　考查介词。此处为固定搭配：focus on集中注意力于……。‎ ‎7．解析：strength　考查名词。根据句意此处应填名词，strength。‎ ‎8．解析：The　考查冠词。此处为特指，故用The。‎ ‎9．解析：their　考查代词。此处根据句意应该填形容词性物主代词，故填their。‎ ‎10．解析：to encourage　考查不定式。way后接动词不定式，故填to encourage。‎ 课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 Over 2,200 years ago，Chengdu was threatened by frequent floods.Li Bing，together with his son decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River __1__ (prevent)flooding.__2__ having a long study and a lot of hard work by the local people，the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed.Since then，the Chengdu Plain __3__ (be)free of flooding and the people have been living peacefully and wealthily.‎ It is the __4__ (old)and only surviving nodam irrigation system in the world.It is also __5__ wonder in the development of Chinese science.The project consists of three important parts，namely Yuzui，Feishayan and Baopingkou，which were __6__ (science)designed to control the water flow of the rivers throughout the year.‎ There is a glorious bridge called the Anlan Cable Bridge crossing the Minjiang River above Yuzui，__7__ you can clearly see the entire system.The great __8__ (construct)originally started before the Song Dynasty.At that time，the body of the bridge was constructed with wooden blocks and the handrails(扶手)were made of bamboo.Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee the security of __9__ (visit)from home and abroad.Seen from afar，the bridge looks like a rainbow __10__ (hang)over the river.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍中国的都江堰，世界上最古老且仅存的灌溉系统。‎ ‎1．解析：to prevent　考查动词不定式。此处为动词不定式做目的状语。‎ ‎2．解析：After　考查介词。根据句意：在长期努力研究之后。用介词after。‎ ‎3．解析：has been　考查动词时态。根据since then时间状语，以及and连接前后部分时态保持一致的原则，用现在完成时态。‎ ‎4．解析：oldest　考查形容词最高级。根据句意：这是世界上最古老的且仅存的无坝灌溉系统。‎ ‎5．解析：a　考查冠词。wonder用作可数名词时，意思是“奇观，奇事，奇迹”，还可表示“奇人，奇才”，指不可思议的人或智慧超常的人，加不定冠词a表示泛指。‎ ‎6．解析：scientifically　考查副词。design是动词，要用副词修饰动词，名词science的副词是scientifically。‎ ‎7．解析：where　考查连词。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，此处为非限制性定语从句，句子缺少状语，先行词表地点，用关系副词where。‎ ‎8．解析：construction　考查名词。根据句子结构，句中缺少主语，要用名词作主语，动词construct的名词是construction。‎ ‎9．解析：visitors　考查名词。of是介词，后接名词作宾语，用visitors此处是指国内外的游客。‎ ‎10．解析：hanging　考查现在分词。rainbow与hang之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语hanging over the river作定语修饰rainbow。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·山师大附中一模)‎ Nowadays Senior 3 students are general faced with a lot of pressure，which is rather common.To reduce it，the followed suggestions may help.First of all，know exactly what lead to your pressure，and then you can take measures to deal with it.Secondly，set up a goal what is not too high，in another words，don't put too much pressure on yourself.Thirdly，find a way to relax you occasionally.For example，you can listen to music，go swim or just simply go walking.Eventually，make friend with others，for example，your classmates，your teachers，your parents.They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble.In a word，never get yourself stuck in the pressure for“impossible is nothing”．‎ 答案：‎ Nowadays Senior 3 students are faced with a lot of pressure，which is rather common.To reduce it，the suggestions may help.First of all，know exactly what to your pressure，and then you can take measures to deal with it.Secondly，set up a goal is not too high，in words，don't put too much pressure on yourself.Thirdly，find a way to relax occasionally.For example，you can listen to music，go or just simply go walking.Eventually，make ‎ with others，for example，your classmates，your teachers， your parents.They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble.In a word，never get yourself stuck in the pressure for“impossible is nothing”．‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述高三学生面临许多压力，告诉他们如何减压。‎ ‎1．解析：general改为generally　考查副词。修饰动词短语be faced with应用副词。‎ ‎2．解析：followed改为following　考查形容词。形容词following意为“下面的”，作名词suggestions的定语。‎ ‎3．解析：lead改为leads　考查主谓一致和时态。根据句意：首先，准确地知道什么导致你的压力。根据前后句动词时态可知应用一般现在时；主语是what表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎4．解析：what改为that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词是a goal在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。‎ ‎5．解析：another改为other　考查固定搭配。in other words意为“换句话说”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎6．解析：you改为yourself　考查代词。根据句意：第三，找个方法使你自己放松。relax oneself意为“放松自己”。‎ ‎7．解析：swim改为swimming　考查固定短语。go swimming意为“去游泳”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎8．解析：friend改为friends　考查固定搭配。make friends with sb.意为“与某人交朋友”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎9．解析：加or/and　考查并列连词。your classmates，your teachers，your parents为并列关系，应在最后两个短语间加入and或or起连接作用。‎ ‎10．解析：去掉the　考查固定搭配。in trouble意为“陷入麻烦”，是固定搭配。‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2018·湖北省枝江市第二高级中学模拟)‎ 假如你是校学生会主席，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。请根据以下内容，写一份“低碳生活”倡议书：‎ ‎1．“低碳生活”节能环保。‎ ‎(1)尽量步行上学或骑自行车上学。‎ ‎(2)离开房间前关掉灯和其他电器。‎ ‎(3)垃圾分类回收。‎ ‎(4)节约用纸。‎ ‎2．倡议全校学生过“低碳生活”，这是一种经济、健康、幸福的生活方式。‎ 注意：1.词数：100左右 ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ‎3．开头和结尾己为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：电器electrical appliances Dear friends，‎ As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse.It is important for us to live a lowcarbon life to protect the environment, not only for ourselves but also for our future generations.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Thank you!‎ The students' Union 答案：‎ Dear_friends，‎ As_we_can_see,_the_environment_around_us_is_getting_worse_and_worse.It_is_important_for_us_to_live_a_lowcarbon_life_to_protect_the_environment,_not_only_for_ourselves_but_also_for_our_future_generations.‎ Lowcarbon living saves more energy.Thus it is environmentallyfriendly.First, it is good for us to go to school on foot or by bike as often as possible, which contributes to a cleaner environment.Second, remember to turn off the lights and other electrical appliances before you leave the room.Third, we'd better sort out the rubbish so as to recycle some, which surely benefits us a great deal.Fourth, saving paper also matters much.It's time that we should live a lowcarbon life and everyone's effort counts.Undoubtedly, this life is more economical, healthier and happier.‎ Thank_you!‎ The_students'_Union