2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案设计（23页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案设计（23页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 1Friendship单元学案设计 识记词汇 ‎1.Match the words and phrases.‎ A.words (单词连线)‎ ‎1)outdoors ‎2)dislike ‎3)disagree ‎4)loose ‎5)pack ‎6)survey ‎7)item ‎8)suitcase ‎9)series ‎10)partner 1)松的,松开的 ‎2)在户外,在野外 ‎3)调查 ‎4)打包,捆扎 ‎5)不同意 ‎6)不喜欢,厌恶 ‎7)伙伴 ‎8)项目,条款 ‎9)连续;系列 ‎10)手提箱 B.phrases(短语连线)‎ ‎1)将……装箱打包 ‎2)使平静下来,使镇静 ‎3)记下,放下;登记 ‎4)故意地 ‎5)在黄昏时刻 1)at dusk ‎2)set down ‎3)on purpose ‎4)pack up ‎5)calm down ‎2.根据释义写出单词 ‎1)　　　 make someone feel unhappy or worried ‎ ‎2)　　　 pay no attention to,take no notice of,pretend not to see ‎ ‎3)　　　 completely ‎ ‎4)　　　 the ability or right to control people or things ‎ ‎5)　　　 a piece of cloth that is hung to cover a window ‎ ‎6)　　　 go to live in a new place and stay there ‎ ‎7)　　　 get well again after being ill or hurt,etc. ‎ ‎8)　　　 correctly,precisely ‎ ‎9)　　　 feeling or showing thanks,thankful ‎ ‎10)　　　 a small piece of advice;a thin pointed end ‎ 精讲词汇 ‎1.add vt.加;增加;补充说 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)If you 　　　 3 and 5,you’ll get 8.　3加5等于8. ‎ ‎2)If the soup is salty, you can 　　　 some water 　　　 it.如果汤太咸,你可以向里面加点水。 ‎ ‎3)The fine weather 　　　 our pleasure.好天气增加了我们的欢乐。 ‎ ‎4)The storm only added 　　　 our difficulties.暴风雨只是增加了我们的困难。 ‎ ‎5)He said goodbye and 　　　 that he was pleased with the result.他告辞,并补充说他对结果感到满意。 ‎ ‎6)He 　　　 that they would return a week later.他接着说,他们一周后回来。 ‎ ‎7)　　　 these figures.将这些数加起来。 ‎ ‎8)Abraham Lincoln’s entire school education 　　　 no more than one year.亚伯拉罕•林肯接受的全部学校教育加起来总共不过一年。 ‎ ‎ add...to... 把……加到……上　add to 增加;增添 add up 把……加起来　add up to 加起来总计 ‎2.upset adj.心烦意乱的;不适的;vt.使不安,使心烦 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)There’s no point in 　　　　　　　 it.犯不着为此事难过。 ‎ ‎2)I understand 　　　 (多么难过)you are feeling. ‎ ‎3)He had an 　　　 stomach.他肠胃不适。 ‎ ‎4)This decision is likely to 　　　 a lot of people.这个决定很可能会使很多人不快。 ‎ ‎5)It 　　　 (upset)me to think of her all alone in that big house.想到她孤身一人守着那个大房子,我就很不舒服。 ‎ ‎ be/get upset about 对……心烦意乱 It upsets sb.to do.... 做……使某人不安 ‎3.concern v.使担忧;涉及;关系到;n.担心;关注 ‎【填空】‎ ‎1)What 　　　 me is our lack of preparation for the change.我担心的是我们对事态的变化缺乏准备。 ‎ ‎2)The story 　　　 the prince’s effort to rescue Pamina.这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。 ‎ ‎3)His health is beginning to 　　　 me.他的健康开始使我担心。 ‎ ‎4)She has a deep concern 　　　 the safety of her children.她深切挂念她孩子们的安全。 ‎ ‎5)There is growing 　　　 about violence on television.人们对电视上的暴力日见忧虑。 ‎ ‎6)We are all concerned 　　　 her health.我们都非常关切她的健康。 ‎ ‎7)The President is deeply 　　　 about this issue.总统对这个问题深感担忧。 ‎ ‎ concerned adj. 担心的,关心的;有关的 be concerned about... 对...很担心 have concern for ... 对...的担心 ‎4.fall in love with...爱上……;be in love with...与……相爱;be tired of...厌倦……;be tired from因……而感到疲惫 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)I 　　　 in love with the city the moment I stepped in it. ‎ ‎2)Mary 　　　 in love with Mike for many years. ‎ ‎3)I am tired 　　　 so much housework. ‎ ‎4)He is tired 　　　 walking for so long. ‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.If you live in the snowy part for a long time, you might be very t　　　 of winter by now. ‎ ‎2.The country has not yet r　　　 from the effects of the war. ‎ ‎3.In the past a few days she has become seriously ill, s　　　 great pain and discomfort. ‎ ‎4.As far as I am c　　　,riding bicycles is a good solution. ‎ ‎5.They completely i　　　 these facts as if they never existed. ‎ ‎6.People do stupid things when they are 　　　 (心烦意乱的). ‎ ‎7.They decided to 　　　(定居下来)down in America at last. ‎ ‎8.Here are some of my ideas. What would you 　　　 (补充,添加)? ‎ ‎9.Then began a 　　　 (系列)of wet days that spoiled our vacation. ‎ ‎10.You copied this work from Paul because you’ve made 　　　(正是)the same mistakes. ‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.She refused to offer any help, which quite 　　　　 all the people present. ‎ A. ignored　 　　　　 B. settled　　　　 　 C. upset　 　　　　 D. suffered ‎2.“If you 　　　 your diet, trouble will follow.” my doctor warned me. ‎ A. pack B. ignore C. recover D. concern ‎3.He devoted himself 　　　　 to his research work, having no time for play. ‎ A. exactly B. gratefully C. loosely D. entirely ‎4.He has more 　　　　 than anybody else in the company. ‎ A. energy B. strength C. power D. force ‎5.She drew back the 　　　　 to let some sunlight in. ‎ A. curtains B. suitcases C. partners D. teenagers ‎6.I can’t express how 　　　 I am for all you’ve done for me. ‎ A .grateful B. loose C. calm D. entire ‎7.In order to build the dam, they moved the local people and 　　　 them in another place. ‎ A. recovered B. ignored C. concerned D. settled ‎8.The doctors are delighted to find that the patient is beginning to 　　　 from heart trouble. ‎ A. uncover B. discover C. recover D. cover ‎9.The train arrived at 　　　 8 o’clock,neither earlier nor later. ‎ A. clearly　　 B. exactly C. widely　　 D. nearly ‎10.Steve gave me some useful 　　 on how to take good pictures. ‎ A. powers B. tips C. items D. thunders Ⅲ.短文填空 My New Life in High School It has been a long time since I started high school. At present I get along well 　　　 my classmates and enjoy my school days. ‎ At first, I was not adapted to the new life.　　　　(准确地) speaking, I 　　　 (遭受)a lot at first.　　　 (为了)get a good mark, I got up very early to study. But for the first exam, all my scores 　　　 (加起来总计)500,which really 　　　 (使心烦)me. My 　　　 (伙伴们)were 　　　 (担心)about me while my parents tried to comfort me, but I 　　　 (不理)them. My head teacher advised me to keep myself 　　　 (镇静).With her help, I listed my strengths and weaknesses, and managed to make a new plan. She said she believed I could overcome all the problems in my study as well as life, and so I did. ‎ I am 　　　 (感激的)to all the people who care for me, especially to my head teacher. Now I’m living a full and happy life. ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 识记词汇 ‎2.1)upset　2)ignore　3)entirely　4)power　5)curtain　6)settle　7)recover　8)exactly ‎9)grateful　10)tip 精讲词汇 ‎1.1)add　2)add;to　3)added to　4)to　5)added　6)added　7)Add up　8)added up to ‎2.1)getting upset about　2)how upset　3)upset　4)upset　5)upsets ‎3.1)concerns　2)concerns　3)concern　4)for　5)concern　6)about　7)concerned ‎4.1)fell　2)has been　3)of　4)from 运用词汇 Ⅰ.1.tired　2.recovered　3.suffering　4.concerned　5.ignore　6.upset　7.settle　8.add ‎9.series　10.exactly Ⅱ.1~5.CBDCA　6~10.ADCBB Ⅲ.with; Exactly; suffered; In order to; added up to; upset; partners; concerned; ignored; calm down; grateful 自主预习 Step 1　Can you give a brief description of one of your friends? ‎ Step 2　Finish doing the survey on Page 1.Work out your score according to the scoring sheet on page 8 and fill in the blanks below and then try to recite it.‎ ‎4-7 points: not a good friend ‎8-12 points: a fairly good friend more than 12 points: an excellent friend The scoring sheet on page 8 shows the most possible points you can get is 　　　.After 　　　up my score I got 　　　 points. I’m quite pleased with that because it shows in general (总体上)I’m pretty good to my friends. The lowest score I got is for Question 5,because I thought letting my friend look at my paper in an exam was what I should do. Now I have come to realize that would only do harm to him or her in the long run (从长远来看).My friend Liu Li looks 　　　 ‎ because she gets only 8 points. I am 　　　 about her and I’ve decided to invite her to 　　　 my dog with me after school with the hope of 　　　 her down. ‎ 思考导引 ‎1.Why do you need friends?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or why not?‎ ‎ ‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Scan the passage and fill in the form below:‎ Name Place Time ‎ Her family They had to 　　　　, or they would be caught by the German Nazis. ‎ What we can learn from her diary •She hadn’t been 　　　　 for too long, so she was crazy about everything to do with 　　　　. ‎ ‎•To have a good look at 　　　　 by herself,one evening she stayed awake on purpose until 11:30,but she didn’t dare 　　　　 as the moon gave far too much light. ‎ ‎•Another time five months ago, she 　　　　 nature face to face for the first time in a year and a half. ‎ ‎•She hated to look at nature through dirty 　　　　 and she hoped to 　　　　 it. ‎ ‎2.Read the text carefully and answer the following questions:‎ ‎(1)What is a true friend like in Anne’s opinion?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)What is an ordinary diary like according to Anne? ‎ What about her diary?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)How did Anne feel about nature after she and her family hid away?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)Why do you think her feelings changed towards nature?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Read and discuss ‎(1)What do the following two words imply(暗含)in Anne’s letter?‎ Words What is implied?‎ outdoors ‎ nature ‎ ‎(2)How would you describe Anne’s feelings as she was looking out at the night sky?‎ ‎ ‎ 课后提升 ‎1.Complete the following sentences with the Chinese hints.‎ be concerned about / for: a feeling of worry (对……关心;关注)‎ be concerned with: to be about sth.(与……有关;涉及)‎ ‎(a)The family 　　　 all 　　　 　　　 (担心)his safety. ‎ ‎(b)　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　(她为什么如此关注)his attitude to her work? ‎ There seems nothing to do with him. ‎ ‎(c)The public 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 (越来越关注)the spread of the deadly disease. ‎ ‎(d)The book 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 (主要涉及)the relations of the two countries during the Cold War. ‎ ‎2.translate the following sentences Study the seutence and then into English.‎ I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,...kept me spellbound.‎ A:there was a time when...曾经一段时间 ‎(1)从前有段时间女孩是不能上学的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)中国曾经是世界上最强大的国家之一。‎ ‎ ‎ B:kept me spellbound“使我着迷”,spellbound 为过去分词,作宾语补足语。‎ ‎3.Replace the sentences.‎ I happened to be upstairs one evening...‎ 常用搭配:...happened to do ...‎ It so (just)happened that...‎ 事故发生的时候,我碰巧在场。‎ I happened to be there when the accident happened.‎ ‎= ‎ ‎4.Finish the sentences.‎ ‎...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.‎ It / This /That is /will be the first /second...time that...某人第一/二...次做某事 ‎(1)这是我第一次见这么大的西瓜。‎ ‎　 I have seen such a big watermelon. ‎ ‎(2)他说那是他第二次去欧洲。‎ ‎　 he had been to Europe. ‎ ‎5.Remember the following sentence patterns.‎ It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer.‎ It’s no use talking with him.‎ It’s no good doing such a thing.‎ It’s funny / fun watching myself in the mirror.‎ It’s a waste of time doing the work.‎ It’s worth reading the book.‎ It’s worthwhile visiting the place.‎ 参考答案 ‎ 自主预习 Step 2:10;adding/ I added;12;upset;concerned;walk;calming 思考导引(略)‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Name:Anne Frank; Place: In Amsterdam in the Netherlands; Time: During World War Ⅱ Her family: hide away What we can learn from her diary:•outdoors; nature ‎•the moon; open a window ‎•saw/looked at ‎•curtains; experience ‎ ‎2.(1)In Anne’s opinion, a true friend is a person whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and thoughts.‎ ‎(2)According to Anne, an ordinary diary is where most people like to set down a series of facts.‎ Anne wrote down her deepest feelings and thoughts in her diary. She told everything to her best friend-her diary.‎ ‎(3)She felt so crazy about nature.‎ ‎(4)Because she had been indoors too long, she was so eager to see the outdoor world-the blue sky, the singing birds, the beautiful flowers, the bright moon.‎ ‎3.(1)outdoors: free nature: the blue sky, the singing birds, flowers, the bright moon ‎(2)very sad, lonely, helpless, depressed (忧愁的),maybe hopeless...‎ 课后提升 ‎1.(a)are; concerned about ‎(b)Why is she so concerned about ‎(c)is more and more concerned about ‎(d)is mainly concerned with ‎2.(1)There was a time when girls couldn’t go to school.‎ ‎(2)There was a time when China was one of the strongest countries in the world.‎ ‎3.It so happened that I was there when the accident happened.‎ ‎4.(1)It / This is the first time that ‎(2)He said it /that was the second time that Step 1　Words and expressions:‎ ‎1.You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.‎ 你就不要理会铃声了, 找个安静的地方去安慰你的朋友。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了一个建议,但他们不予理会。‎ ‎2)He ignored all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.‎ 他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示,点了香烟。‎ ‎3)He was driving very fast because he was ignorant of the speed limit.‎ ‎ 他车开得很快,因为他不知道要限速。 ‎ ‎4)His failure resulted from ignorance.他的失败起因于他的无知。‎ ‎ ignore 是　　　,which means: ‎ ‎1)to pay no attention to sth.,意为“　　　”; ‎ ‎2)to pretend that you have not seen sb.意为“　　　”; ‎ ignorant 是　　　,意为“　　　”; ‎ ignorance是　　　, 意为“　　　”。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎ 用ignore及其派生词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1)I said hello to her, but she 　　　 me completely. ‎ ‎2)I was 　　　 of the fact that the boss could be so strict. ‎ ‎3)We are in complete 　　　of his plans. ‎ ‎4)He 　　　 the doctor’s advice and goes on smoking. ‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)We waited inside until things calmed down.我们待在室内,直到一切都恢复了平静。‎ ‎2)He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.他深深地吸了几口气,使自己平静下来。‎ ‎3)Keep calm when in danger.身处危险时要保持镇定。 ‎ ‎4)They sat in the yard to enjoy the calm of the evening.他们坐在院子里享受这夜晚的宁静。‎ ‎ calm (sb.)down意为“　　　”;calm也可用作　　　词或　　　　词;keep calm表示“　　　”。 ‎ ‎【辨析】‎ ‎1)calm指人时,表示镇静、平和的心情;修饰天气、海洋等时,表示风平浪静的“平静”状态。‎ ‎2)quiet指环境安静,没有声音,或是指人不吵闹,心里没有烦恼、焦虑。‎ ‎3)silent指人“沉默、不说话”或指环境“寂静的、无声的”。‎ ‎4)still意为“静止的;不动的”,着重强调人“完全不动;毫无声音”。‎ ‎【助记】‎ When facing danger, one should keep calm; when taken photos, one should keep still; when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet; in class, one shouldn’t keep silent about the teacher’s questions.一个人面对危险时,应该保持镇静;照相时,要保持不动;当其他人睡觉时,应保持安静;在课堂上,对老师的提问不应保持沉默。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 用calm, quiet, still和silent填空。‎ ‎1)Please be 　　　.Don’t make so much noise. ‎ ‎2)Stand 　　　 while I take a photo of you. ‎ ‎3)Whatever I asked him,Kerry still kept 　　　. ‎ ‎4)We must be 　　　 in an emergency. ‎ ‎5)After the storm,the sea was 　　　. ‎ ‎2.Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?你是不是担心朋友会嘲笑你,会不理解你目前的处境?‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)How does she keep smiling after all she’s gone through?‎ 她经历了这一切后怎么还能满脸笑容? ‎ ‎2)I always start the day by going through my mails.我总是每天一早就仔细查阅我的邮件。‎ ‎3)The plan didn’t go through the CEO.这计划未被CEO接受。‎ ‎4)He has gone through all his money for his illness.他因病而花光了所有的钱。‎ ‎ “go through”means “to experience or suffer sth.”, 意为“　　　”,无　　　语态。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)The police 　　　 the building, hoping to catch the thief. ‎ A. looked for　　　　　　　　　　　　B. settled down C. found out D. went through ‎2)When we are getting excited, angry or scared, our bodies also 　　　 many physical changes. ‎ A. go over B. go around C. go through D. go for ‎3....I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.……直到11点半,我故意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮。‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1)He came here on purpose to tell you the truth.他来这儿专门告诉你真相。‎ ‎ 2)In order to catch up with others, you should try harder. 为了赶上别人,你应更加努力。‎ ‎ 3)He hid himself among the trees in order not to be caught.为了不被逮住,他藏在树林中。 ‎ ‎ on purpose意为 “　　　”,与purposely同义;in order to do sth.=　　　,　　　一般不用在句首,其否定形式为　　　,在句中作　　　状语。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)他们去北京参加一个重要会议。‎ They went to Beijing 　　　. ‎ ‎2)　　　late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm clock. ‎ A. So as to sleep B. Sleeping C. To sleep D. Having slept Step 2　Sentence structures we are going to learn ‎1.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.‎ 溜狗的时候,你很粗心让它松扣了并被车撞了。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)He fell asleep while (he was)doing his homework.他做作业时睡着了。 ‎ ‎2)When (he was)laughed at, he wanted to cry.当他被嘲笑时,他想哭。 ‎ ‎ while walking the dog=while you were walking the dog。本句中while后面省略了主语you和be动词were。由此可见,when或while引导的时间状语从句, 如果从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时,且谓语含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ While 　　　 in the countryside, he made many friends with the native there. ‎ A. worked B. working C. he works D. he is working ‎2.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)It was yesterday that I met Ann in the street.我是昨天在街上遇见安的。‎ ‎2)It is he who is going to speak at the school meeting.是他要在校会上发言。‎ ‎3)It was in the street that I met my old friend yesterday.昨天我是在街上碰到了我的老朋友。‎ ‎4)Was it you that/who let out the secret to her? 是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗?‎ ‎ 本句含有It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分的强调句型。强调句型可对句中的主语、宾语、表语、状语等进行强调,若强调的是人,后面的that也可用who代替。‎ 如:I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.昨天我在火车站遇到了李明。‎ ‎1)It was I that/who met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.(强调主语)‎ ‎2)It was Li Ming that/ whom I met at the railway station yesterday.(强调宾语)‎ ‎3)It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.(强调状语)‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)I don’t mind her criticizing me, but 　　　 is how she does it that I am against. ‎ A.it　　　　　　　　B. that　　　　　　　C. this　　　　　　　D. which ‎2)It is not who is right but what is right 　　　 is of importance. ‎ A. which B.it C. that D. this ‎3....it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...‎ ‎……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)It is the first time that the boy has gone home alone.这是那个男孩第一次单独回家。‎ ‎ 2)This was the fourth time she had rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。‎ ‎ 3)That will be the tenth time that I have visited Beijing.那将是我第十次参观北京。‎ ‎ It / This / That is the first (second, third...)time that 主语.have/has/had done sth.是一常用句型,意为“某人第一(二、三……)次做某事”。从句中的时态须用完成时态。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)It’s the first time that he 　　　 (write)a letter in English. ‎ ‎2)—Do you know our town at all?‎ ‎—No, this is the first time I 　　　here. ‎ A. was B.am coming C. came D. have been ‎4.Another time five months ago,I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.还有一次,就在五个月以前的一个黄昏,我碰巧在楼上,窗户是开着的。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)She happened to be out when we called.我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。‎ ‎2)You don’t happen to know his name, do you?你不会碰巧知道他的名字吧?‎ ‎3)It happened that she was out when we called.我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。‎ ‎ happen to do sth.= to do or be sth. by chance, 表示“碰巧做某事”,它等于It (so)happened that...。如:‎ I happened to be out when he called.=It so happened that I was out when he called.‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ happen to do sth.碰巧做某事,偶然做某事 happen to have done 碰巧做过某事 happen to be doing 碰巧正做某事 It (so)happened that... 碰巧 There happens to be... 碰巧有……‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)昨晚我独自在街上漫步时正好碰见了她。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)碰巧那失火的房子中没有人。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3)她碰巧听说过这个消息。‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ ‎ Step 1‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】动词:1)忽视……,对某事不予理会……　2)佯装未见……,不予理睬……　形容词　无知的　名词　无知 ‎【尝试运用】1)ignored　2)ignorant　 3)ignorance　4)ignores ‎【归纳总结】 平静下来,使某人平静下来;形容词;名词;保持镇定 ‎【尝试运用】1)quiet　2)still　3)silent　4)calm　5)calm ‎2.【归纳总结】 经历,经受;仔细查看;通过;用光　被动 ‎【尝试运用】 1)D　2)C ‎3.【归纳总结】故意地　so as to do sth.　in order not to do sth./so as not to do sth.　目的 ‎【尝试运用】1)in order to attend an important meeting ‎2)C Step 2‎ ‎1.【尝试运用】B ‎2.【尝试运用】1)A　2)C ‎3.【尝试运用】1)has written　2)D ‎4.【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)I happened to meet her in the street last evening when I was walking alone.‎ ‎2)There happened to be nobody in the house on fire.‎ ‎3)She happened to have heard the news.‎ Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (Ⅰ)‎ ‎ ‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.Definition.‎ ‎1.　　　　　,叫直接引语。直接引语一般前后要加　　　　。 ‎ ‎2.　　　　　,叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成　　　　　　从句。 ‎ Ⅱ.Andy said “...”　　　　　　　　　　　　Andy said that....‎ ‎“My parents are very well.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I’m writing a letter to my pen-pal.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I want to go away for a holiday.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“John has given up his job.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I saw Mary in the street.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I have finished homework before supper.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I can’t come to the party on Friday.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I will phone you when I get back.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Ⅲ.Conclusion.‎ 时态 Direct Speech Indirect Speech ‎ do ‎ ‎ is doing ‎ ‎ did ‎ ‎ has done ‎ ‎ had done ‎ ‎ will do ‎ ‎ can do ‎ ‎ Direct Speech Indirect Speech 指示代词 this, these ‎ 时间状语 now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month ‎ 地点状语 here ‎ 方向性动词 come, bring, borrow ‎ Note 1:If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in indirect speech is not changed at all.‎ Eg. Jane says, “I’ve read Toni’s book and I don’t understand it.”‎ ‎→ Jane says that　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Ⅳ.Changing an interrogative sentence.‎ ‎ ‎ Ted told Cindy that 　　　　　and　　　　　.He thought that　　　　　　.He was afraid that 　　　　　.He was sure that he needed an X-ray. He　　　　　　to Cindy for her help. Cindy asked Ted 　　　　　　and wondered 　　　　(or not).Later, Cindy told Ted 　　　　　and offered him help. At that moment, Cindy thought that the doctor had better see him. She said 　　　　. ‎ Instructions: From this exercise, we know if an interrogative sentence is changed from direct speech into indirect speech,(1)the reporting verb should be changed into ask, inquire, demand or wonder;(2)the indirect question is introduced by the conjunction whether or if, or interrogative pronouns.‎ Ⅴ.Quiz.‎ ‎1)He said to me, “Have you seen my new hat?”‎ He　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎2)“When will my dress be finished?” she asked.‎ She　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎3)She asked a policeman, “How far is it to the nearest post office?”‎ She　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎4)He said, “What’s wrong with Tom? He looks sad.”‎ He said　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Note 2:If the direct speech states some universal truth, habitual course, historical fact, or things which have not been done at the time of speaking, the verb in indirect speech is always in the present although the reporting verb may be in the past.‎ ‎5) He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”‎ ‎→He said　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎6)The teacher told us, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”‎ ‎→The teacher told us　　　　　　. ‎ ‎7)The girl said, “I get up at six every morning.”‎ ‎→The girl said　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎8)He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”‎ ‎→He　　　　　　　. ‎ Note 3:If there are some adverbials of time in the past in direct speech, it is not necessary to make any change in indirect speech.‎ ‎9)He said, “When I was a child, I usually played football after school.”‎ ‎→He said　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎10)He said to me, “I was born in 1973.”‎ ‎→He　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎11)Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” ‎ ‎→Jack　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Note 4:If there is some model verbs in direct speech, such as, must, had better, it is not necessary to make any change in indirect speech.‎ ‎12)The teacher said to me, “You must pay more attention to it.”‎ ‎→The teacher　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎13)The doctor said, “You’d better drink plenty of water.” ‎ ‎→The doctor said　　　　　　　　. ‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.Change the following sentences into indirect speech.‎ ‎1.“I am having supper,” he said.‎ He said that 　　　 　　　 having supper. ‎ ‎2.“I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.‎ Gina 　　　 me that 　　　 　　　 　　　 the film. ‎ ‎3.“I went home with my sister,” she said.‎ She said that 　　　 　　　 　　　 home with her sister. ‎ ‎4.The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”‎ The teacher said that the sun 　　　 bigger than the moon. ‎ ‎5.“I met her yesterday,” he said to me.‎ He told me that he 　　　 　　　 her 　　　 　　　 　　　. ‎ ‎6.“You must come here before five,” he said.‎ He said that I 　　　 to go 　　　 before five. ‎ ‎7.“Were you born in 1979?” he said.‎ He 　　　 me 　　　 I 　　　 born in 1979. ‎ ‎8.He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”‎ He 　　　 Jim that he 　　　 　　　 　　　. ‎ ‎9.He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”‎ He asked his mother 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 it. ‎ ‎10.“Where have you been these days?” he asked.‎ He asked me 　　　 　　　 　　　 been 　　　 days. ‎ Ⅱ.Change the following sentences into direct speech.‎ ‎1.John said that he had written back telling him about it the day before.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.I said that I would give her some advice the next day.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.He told Mary that she was wasting her time day-dreaming.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.He told her that she had already done her duty.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.They said that they had arrived that morning.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅲ.Translate the following sentences into English by using indirect speech.‎ ‎1.汤姆说他2009年就加入了俱乐部。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.凯特问我晚上能否陪她看电影。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.刚才老师说熟能生巧。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.她说等车的时候就把那本书读完了。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.警察询问那个人前一天晚上他在公园干了什么。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅳ.Multiple choice.‎ ‎1.John asked me 　　　 to visit his uncle’s farm with him. ‎ A. whether would I like　　B. if would I like　　C. whether I would like　　D. when would I like ‎2.Henry broke the window. I’ll ask him why 　　　　. ‎ A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he had done so ‎3.—What did the teacher say? I didn’t quite follow her.‎ ‎—She asked us whether we 　　　　 to America the next fall. ‎ A. went B. had been C. will go D. would go ‎4.The young man said that his car　　　 stolen and he 　　　 telephone the police. ‎ A. is; would B. had been; would have to C. had been; will have got to D. has; will have to ‎5.The reporter asked the bus driver　　　. ‎ A. how did the accident happen B. how the accident happened C. how was the accident happened D. how the accident was happened ‎6.　　　 get first aid for the injured? ‎ A. Where do you think can I B. Do you think where can I C. Do you think where I can D. Where do you think I can ‎7.Now guess 　　　 for the violin hanging over there. ‎ A. did I how much pay B.I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid ‎8.—Do you need some more paper?‎ ‎—No, thanks. I 　　　. ‎ A. still have left some B. have still left some C. have some still left D. still have some left ‎9.You can’t imagine 　　　 when they received these nice Christmas presents. ‎ A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited ‎10.“Never for a second,” the boy says,“　　　 that my father would come to my rescue.” ‎ A.I doubted B.do I doubt C.I have doubted D. did I doubt ‎11.“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,“because every step 　　　.” ‎ A. has shown B.is showing C. shows D. showed ‎12.“The moment 　　　soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously. ‎ A. came B. has come C. was coming D.is coming 参考答案 ‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.1.直接引述别人的原话;引号 ‎2.用自己的话转述别人的话;宾语 Ⅱ.Andy said that...‎ Andy said (that)his parents were very well.‎ Andy said he was writing a letter to his pen-pal.‎ Andy said he wanted to go away for a holiday.‎ Andy said John had given up his job.‎ Andy said he saw / had seen Mary in the street.‎ Andy said he had finished homework before supper.‎ Andy said he couldn’t go to the party on Friday.‎ Andy said he would phone me when he got back.‎ Ⅲ.‎ 时态 Direct Speech Indirect Speech ‎(He said that...)‎ ‎ do did ‎ is doing was doing ‎ did did/had done ‎ has done had done ‎ had done had done ‎ will do would do ‎ can do could do ‎ Direct Speech Indirect Speech 指示代词 this, these that, those 时间状语 now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month then, that day that week the day before the week before four days before two days before the next day the next month 地点状语 here there 方向性动词 come, bring, borrow go, take, lend Note 1:Jane says that she has read Toni’s book and she doesn’t understand it.‎ Ⅳ.Ted told Cindy that he had slipped and fallen downstairs and he had hurt himself. He thought that he had hurt his back. He was afraid that he couldn’t get up. He was sure that he needed an X-ray. He showed great thanks to Cindy for her help. Cindy asked Ted what was the matter and wondered whether Ted had hurt himself (or not).Later, Cindy told Ted to stand up and offered him help. At that moment, Cindy thought that the doctor had better see him. She said she would phone Dr. Smith. ‎ Ⅴ.1)He asked me if I had seen his new hat.‎ ‎2)She asked when her dress would be finished.‎ ‎3)She asked a policeman how far it was to the nearest post office.‎ ‎4)He said Tom looked sad and wondered what was wrong with him.‎ ‎5)He said that light travels much faster than sound.‎ ‎6)The teacher told us that a friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ ‎7)The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.‎ ‎8)He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.‎ ‎9)He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.‎ ‎10)He told me that he was born in 1973.‎ ‎11)Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.‎ ‎12)The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to it.‎ ‎13)The doctor said I’d better drink plenty of water.‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.he was　2.told;she had seen　3.she had gone　4.is　5.had met; the day before　6.had;there　7.asked;if/whether; was　8.told;could sit there　9.how she had found　10.where I had; those Ⅱ.1.John said,“I have written back telling him about it yesterday.”‎ ‎2.I said, “I will give her some advice tomorrow.”‎ ‎3.He said to Mary, “You are wasting your time day-dreaming.”‎ ‎4.He said to her, “You have already done your duty.”‎ ‎5.They said, “We arrived this morning.”‎ Ⅲ.1.Tom said that he joined that club in 2009.‎ ‎2.Kate asked me if / whether I would go to the cinema with her that evening.‎ ‎3.Just now my teacher said that practice makes perfect.‎ ‎4.She said she had finished reading the book while she was waiting for the bus.‎ ‎5.The policeman asked that man what he had done in the park the night before.‎ Ⅳ.1~5.CBDBB　6~10.DDDBD　11~12.CD 链接高考试题 第一节 语法填空（共10小题； 每小题1.5分, 共15分）‎ 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ A On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I (1) (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice, “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously (2) (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to (3) (I) the two simple words “By yourself ”.‎ B Earth Day, (4) (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated (5) 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various (6) (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power — the possibilities are endless.‎ C Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question (7) ________ (suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. What students do at college seems to matter much more than (8) they go. The students benefitting most from college are those (9) ________ are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources (资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and (10) _________ (meaning) college experience.‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.‎ A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been (11) free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ________ (12) his car to the young people, Wilson has (13) an astonishing 64,000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous (14) with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s (15) have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ________ (16) call him “Grandpa”.‎ Tina Stern (17) rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free (18). “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in (19) silence or with your headphones on. ” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually (20) the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll (21) those things.”‎ Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation, On Point for College. Although the (22) asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes (23) to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ________ (24) them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never (25) to buy them a meal.‎ For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely (26) for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to ________ (27) vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has (28) them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the (29). “I just love driving, and I love these kids,” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) (30) to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.”‎ ‎11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing ‎12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering ‎13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered ‎14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations ‎15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted ‎16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already ‎17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded ‎18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication ‎19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious ‎20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers ‎21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on ‎22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme ‎23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards ‎24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warn ‎25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates ‎26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate ‎27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange ‎28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced ‎29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment ‎30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，共30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA). Whatever stage of ‎ life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community (社区).‎ We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.‎ Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.‎ Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.‎ This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:‎ Country Schedule ‎ 4-week programmes 7-week programmes Algeria 5 Jul. — 1 Aug. 20 Jun. — 7 Aug.‎ Egypt 24 Jul. — 20 Aug. 19 Jun. — 6 Aug.‎ Kenya 20 Jul. — 16 Aug. 18 Jun. — 5 Aug.‎ South Africa 2 Aug. — 29 Aug. 15 Jun. — 2 Aug.‎ GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.‎ There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.‎ Find out more about joining a GDA programme.‎ Website: www.glodeve.org Email: humanresources@glodeve.org ‎31. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?‎ A. To seek local partners.‎ B. To take in young volunteers.‎ C. To carry out programmes.‎ D. To foster cultural awareness.‎ ‎32. The programme beginning in August will operate in _________. ‎ A. Egypt B. Algeria C. Kenya D. South Africa ‎33. The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to _________. ‎ A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment C. gain corporate benefits D. help communities in need B Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them.‎ It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning. “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.‎ With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.‎ Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product — CanCandy.‎ As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.‎ Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.‎ ‎34. How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?‎ A. She argued with him. B. She tried to find a way out.‎ C. She paid no attention. D. She chose to consult dentists.‎ ‎35. What is special about CanCandy?‎ A. It is beneficial to dental health.‎ B. It is free of sweeteners.‎ C. It is sweeter than other candies.‎ D. It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.‎ ‎36. What does Moore expect from her business?‎ A. To earn more money. B. To help others find smiles.‎ C. To make herself stand out. D. To beat other candy companies.‎ ‎37. What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?‎ A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.‎ B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.‎ C. Positive thinking and action result in success.‎ D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.‎ C D ‎ By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks ‎ to a warming climate, according to a new study.‎ At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.‎ Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.‎ Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3°C, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing”, she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”‎ And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean. Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive. ” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain. ‎ Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change.” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”‎ ‎42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?‎ A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.‎ B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.‎ C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.‎ D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton. ‎ ‎43. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Sensitive. B. Beneficial. C. Significant. D. Unnoticeable.‎ ‎44. What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.‎ B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.‎ C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.‎ D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.‎ ‎45. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.‎ B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.‎ C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.‎ D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. (46) Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?‎ ‎ (47) They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.‎ To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. (48) In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” (49)‎ Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.‎ ‎ (50) An A-team may require a balance — not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.‎ A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.‎ B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.‎ C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.‎ D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.‎ E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.‎ F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.‎ G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.‎ 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）‎ 第一节（15分）‎ 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 交通出行；‎ ‎2. 必备衣物。‎ 注意：1. 词数不少于50；‎ ‎2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Jim,‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（20分）‎ 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。‎ 注意：词数不少于60。‎ 提示词：西瓜 watermelon ‎ ‎ ‎2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）‎ 英语试题参考答案 第一部分 知识运用 第一节 ‎ ‎1. voiced 2. facing 3. myself ‎ ‎4. marked 5. in 6. activities ‎ ‎7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where 9. who / that ‎ ‎10. meaningful 第二节 ‎11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B ‎16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D ‎21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D ‎26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 第二部分 阅读理解 ‎31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A ‎36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B ‎41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C ‎46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F 第三部分 书面表达 （略）‎