2019年高中英语北师大版经典句式重点探究必修三讲义：Unit7PeriodOne

2019年高中英语北师大版经典句式重点探究必修三讲义：Unit7PeriodOne

The undersea world is very beautiful.Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secrets there.Scuba diving is a new sport today.It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.You will find many strange animals in the sea.Some are as large as a school bus.Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp teeth.During the day，there is enough light.Here，under the sea，everything is blue and green.‎ When fishes swim nearby，you can catch them with your hands.If you have bottles of air on your back，you can stay in deep water for a long time.However，you can’t dive too deep，and you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.‎ The deep sea is not an easy place to live in.It’s cold，and it’s dark，too.The deeper it is，the less sunlight there is.At about 3,000 feet，there is no light at all.It is very dark in the sea.Many fishes have no eyes.Some have big eyes.A few have eyes on one side.‎ Besides the cold and the darkness，deep-sea animals face a third danger—other animals.‎ Animals eat！They must find food to eat.Many animals eat plants.However，some animals eat meat.This means these sea animals have two big jobs.They need to find animals as food，and they have to try not to become other animals’ meal.‎ 根据短文判断正(T)、误(F)‎ ‎1．When you do scuba diving，you can dive freely without any dangers.(F)‎ ‎2．One animal finds something to eat，and it may be eaten by others.(T)‎ ‎3．The deeper the sea is，the darker and colder it is.(T)‎ ‎4．At the depth of 3,000 feet under the sea，all animals can find their way by seeing.(F)‎ Period One　Warm-up & Lesson 1　The Spirit of Explorers Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1．frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的 frighten v．使惊吓 frightened adj.害怕的 ‎2．spirit n．精神 ‎3．explorer n．探险家 explore v．探险；探讨 ‎4．voyage n．航海；航空 ‎5．ancestor n．祖先，祖宗 ‎6．persuade vt.说服，劝服 ‎7．unknown adj.不知道的，未知的 known adj.出名的，已知的 ‎8．eventually adv.最终，终于 ‎9．lecture n．讲授，演讲 ‎10．apologise vi.道歉 Ⅱ.重点短语 ‎1．set sail启航 ‎2．according to根据，依照 ‎3．get into trouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境 ‎4．make it to到达 ‎5．in search of寻找，寻求 ‎6．be known as作为……而出名，被称为 Ⅲ.重点句式 ‎1．不定式短语作后置定语 The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach(reach) America.‎ 北欧海盗是第一批到达美洲的欧洲人。‎ ‎2．before引导的时间状语从句 They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.‎ 早在哥伦布启航之前，他们就已经到达那里了。‎ ‎3．find＋宾语＋宾补 Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric，but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land...比阿尼希望加入跟埃里克一起的他父亲的行列，但他被吹离了航线，并且发现自己到了一个未知的陆地上……‎ ‎4．what引导宾语从句 Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.‎ 赖伊夫按照比阿尼的方向最后航行到被认为是现在的加拿大的海岸。‎ Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)、误(F)‎ ‎1．The ancestors of the Vikings were from Scandinavia.(T)‎ ‎2．Eric the Red decided to set sail further west in 900 AD.(F)‎ ‎3．All of Eric’s twenty-five ships reached Greenland successfully.(F)‎ ‎4．Leif chose different directions from Biarni’s and sailed to Canada.(F)‎ Ⅱ.课文阅读理解 ‎1．Which of the following people do you think arrived in America first?‎ A．Christopher Columbus. B．The Vikings.‎ C．Ancient Greeks. D．Chinese sailors.‎ 答案　B ‎2．According to the legends，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because .‎ A．he had committed a murder B．he was too poor C．he wanted to get a good job D．he wanted to find a good place to live 答案　A ‎3．After Eric the Red discovered Greenland， .‎ A．people stopped to live on that island B．he thought people couldn’t live on it C．some people went back with him to Greenland D．no one wanted to live with him in Greenland 答案　C ‎4．Who arrived in Newfoundland according to the passage?‎ A．Eric. B．Leif.‎ C．Biarni. D．Biarni’s father.‎ 答案　B Ⅲ.课文难句分析 ‎1．According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder，for which he got into trouble.‎ ‎[句式分析]　because引导原因状语从句；从句中for which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代he had committed a murder。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，并被迫离开冰岛。‎ ‎2．Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric，but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land，from where he eventually reached Greenland.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句为由but连接的并列复合句；第一分句中who引导定语从句修饰先行词father；第二分句中from where引导非限制性定语从句，where指代an unknown land。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　比阿尼希望加入跟埃里克一起的他父亲的行列，但他被吹离了航线，并且发现自己到了一个未知的陆地上，从那里他最后到了格陵兰岛。‎ Look at the following pictures and the descriptions of some ocean explorers，do you know who they are? What do they have in common? What can we learn from them?‎ ‎1．He was born in what is now Yunnan Province in 1371.From 1405 to 1433，he led seven expeditions，visiting more than 40 countries.He is the most important Chinese adventurer of all time and one of the greatest sailors the world has ever known.Zheng He ‎ ‎2．He was a British captain(船长)，navigator(航海家) and cartographer(制图员)．From 1766 to 1779，he made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean.And he also made maps of Australia and New Zealand.James Cook ‎3．He was born in 1451.He was an Italian sailor.He believed that the earth is round.From 1492 to 1502，he made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain.He is known as “the man who discovered the America”．Christopher Columbus ‎4．They were a group of Scandinavian people who sailed to attack areas along the coasts of northern and western Europe from the 8th to 11th centuries.The Vikings 重点词汇 ‎1．But it can be frightening when the weather is bad.‎ 但是当天气糟糕时，它是非常令人害怕的。‎ ‎(1)frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的 ‎(2)frighten v．使惊恐，使害怕 ‎(3)frightened adj.感到害怕的 be frightened to do...吓得不敢做……‎ be frightened of/that...害怕……‎ ‎[易混辨析]　frightening，frightened ‎※frightening令人害怕的，指事物本身具有使人害怕的性质。‎ ‎※frightened受惊吓的，感到害怕的，形容人的心理感受。‎ ‎(1)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are travelling at high ‎ speed.突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高速行驶时。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)I got quite frightened(frighten) when he lost his temper.他发起脾气来让我觉得挺害怕的。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(3)I was frightened being left by myself in the house.‎ ‎2．According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder，for which he got into trouble.‎ 根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，并被迫离开冰岛。‎ according to根据，依照 according to sb.据某人所说 注意　according to引出的短语在句中作状语，to为介词，其后可接名词、代词或what引导的名词性从句，但according to不能与表示意见、观点的词如opinion，view等连用。‎ ‎(1)Students are placed into classes according to their current language skills.根据他们现在的语言技能把学生分到各班级里。(2016·天津)‎ ‎(2)You will be paid according to the amount of work you do.你们的报酬视工作量而定。‎ ‎[句型转换]‎ ‎(3)According to John，a true friend is a person whom you can trust.‎ ‎→In John’s opinion/view，a true friend is a person whom you can trust.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(4)According to he said，we can guess he may go instead of staying here.‎ get into trouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境 get out of trouble摆脱困境 (be) in trouble有麻烦，有困难 have trouble (in) doing/with sth.做某事有困难 ask/look for trouble自找麻烦，自寻烦恼 make trouble制造麻烦 注意　be in trouble表示状态，可与表一段时间的状语连用；get into trouble表示瞬间的动作，不与表一段时间的状语连用。‎ ‎(5)She was afraid the dog would get the family into trouble.她害怕这条狗会给这个家庭带来麻烦。(2015·浙江)‎ ‎(6)How can I help him to get out of trouble?‎ 我怎样才能帮助他摆脱困境呢？‎ ‎(7)If I don’t get this finished on time，I’ll be in trouble.我如果不按时把这事完成就要倒霉了。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(8)I never have trouble 或 in a strange place.‎ ‎3．He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.他说服一些人与他一起回到格陵兰岛。‎ persuade v．劝说，劝服；使信服，使相信 说服某人做某事 成功说服某,人不做某事 persuade sb.of sth./that...使某人相信或信服……‎ ‎(1)I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.我最终说服我的同学接受我的观点。(2015·浙江)‎ ‎(2)She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches，where she would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute(contribute) to the cause.她开始举办“大老板”午餐活动，在此期间她尽力说服当地的商界领袖为这一事业捐款。(2017·北京)‎ ‎(3)They couldn’t persuaded him of their sincerity.‎ 他们无法使他相信他们的诚意。‎ ‎[句型转换]‎ ‎(4)It’s difficult to persuade him not to buy the valuable painting.‎ ‎→It’s difficult to persuade him out of buying the valuable painting.‎ ‎4．Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.埃里克再次启航，这次有25艘船与他同行，其中只有14艘最终抵达格陵兰岛。‎ make it to到达，抵达 make it获得成功；准时到达(尤指在困难情况下)；能够出席/到场；幸免于难；渡过难关；约定时间 ‎(1)I am glad we were able to make it to the theatre on time.我很高兴我们能准时赶到戏院。‎ ‎(2)She practiced hard and finally made it.‎ 她刻苦训练，最终成功。(2016·天津)‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(3)Sarah made it the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.‎ ‎5．...，a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric’s party.……，一个名叫比阿尼的人从冰岛启航寻找埃里克一行人。‎ in search of寻找；寻求 make a search for...寻找……‎ search sb./sp.for sth.为找某物而搜身/搜查某个地方 search for寻找 注意　(1)search vt.搜寻，搜查，宾语一般为被搜查的人或场所而不是要寻找的东西。‎ ‎(2)in search of寻找，如果名词search前有the/one’s，后面一般用for，构成in the/one’s search for。‎ ‎(1)We drove around the town in search of a good hotel.我们开车在城里转，想找一个好旅馆。‎ ‎(2)They made a long search for the lost key.‎ 他们花了很长时间寻找丢失的钥匙。‎ ‎(3)He searched his pockets for a penny.‎ 为了找一美分他翻遍了口袋。‎ ‎[句型转换]‎ ‎(4)The villagers are in search of the missing child.‎ ‎→The villagers are in the/their search for the missing child.‎ ‎→The villagers are searching for the missing child.‎ ‎6．Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.‎ 约翰先生为这个错误而道歉。‎ ‎(1)apologise vi.道歉 apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 ‎(2)apology n．道歉 make/offer/give an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse sb.’s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉 ‎(1)Respond quickly and briefly，apologising for your mistake.快速简洁地做出回应，为你犯的错误而道歉。(2017·天津)‎ ‎(2)I apologised to her for stepping on her feet.‎ 我因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。‎ ‎(3)I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉并理解我的处境。(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎[句型转换]‎ ‎(4)You should apologise to your mother for your rudeness.‎ ‎→You should make/offer/give an apology to your mother for your rudeness.‎ 经典句式 ‎1．The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach America.‎ 北欧海盗是第一批到达美洲的欧洲人。‎ 句中不定式短语to reach America作后置定语，修饰the first Europeans。当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用不定式(短语)作后置定语。‎ 英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况：‎ ‎(1)被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；‎ ‎(2)不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定语；‎ ‎(3)抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式作定语；‎ ‎(4)被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词对其进行修饰时；‎ ‎(5)表示将要发生的动作时(既有主动形式，也有被动形式)；‎ ‎(6)there be句型中，作主语的名词后可接不定式作定语。‎ ‎(1)He is always the first to come and the last to leave.‎ 他总是第一个来，最后一个走。‎ ‎(2)Will you attend the meeting to be held tomorrow？你会参加明天举行的会议吗？‎ ‎(3)You are the only person to do(do) the job.‎ 你是做这项工作的唯一人选。‎ ‎(4)Thank you for giving me the chance to make(make) the speech.谢谢你给我发言的机会。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(5)Adam Smith was the first person see the importance of the division of the labor.‎ ‎2．Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric，but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land...比阿尼希望加入跟埃里克一起的他父亲的行列，但他被吹离了航线，并且发现自己到了一个未知的陆地上……‎ ‎(1)本句中使用了find＋n./pron.＋介词短语，表示宾语处于某种状态。‎ ‎(2)find后常跟复合结构，即find＋宾语＋宾补，宾补可以由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词等充当。能这样用的动词还有see，hear，leave，make等。‎ ‎(1)The police found the lost boy in a wooden house.‎ 警察发现走失的小男孩在一个木屋里面。‎ ‎(2)He was playing idly on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes.他随意地弹奏钢琴，‎ 却发现分辨出曲调是一件很容易的事。‎ ‎(3)He found the door closed(close)．‎ 他发现门是关着的。‎ ‎(4)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it being performed(perform) live is quite another.在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。(2015·浙江)‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(5)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.‎ ‎3．Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.‎ 赖伊夫按照比阿尼的方向最后航行到被认为是现在的加拿大的海岸。‎ ‎(1)本句中what引导的句子为宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，what在从句中作主语。‎ ‎(2)what引导的名词性从句相当于名词的作用，可作主语、宾语或表语，且what在从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。‎ ‎(1)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to 20，half of what it used to charge.‎ 我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元，这是它以前要价的一半。‎ ‎(2)I have no idea what we should do next.‎ 我不知道我们下一步该做什么。‎ ‎(3)What we need is patience.‎ 我们需要的是耐心。‎ ‎(4)The question is what should be done now.‎ 问题是现在应该做什么。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(5) the teacher said had a good effect on the children.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．According to the weather forecast it will rain tomorrow.‎ ‎2．The cause of the accident still remained unknown(know)．‎ ‎3．There is some advice for you to follow(follow)．‎ ‎4．She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and eventually(eventual) works for The Times.‎ ‎5．They apologised(apology) for the late departure of this flight just now.‎ ‎6．The girl was frightened by the frightening accident.(frighten)‎ ‎7．He has made up his mind.I don’t think you can persuade him to go(go) abroad.‎ ‎8．His grandfather was known as a brave seaman.‎ ‎9．She went into the kitchen in search of a slice of bread to eat.‎ ‎10．Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎11．He is the first person to go to Shanghai(第一个去上海的人) in his hometown.‎ ‎12．They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down(车坏了的那个男人)．‎ ‎13．I know nothing about the accident except what I read in the newspaper(我在报上读到的)．‎ ‎14．Sometimes，there are as many as(多达) 1,000 birds singing in the big tree.‎ ‎15．I found myself surrounded(发现自己被包围着) by a group of children full of curiosity.‎ Ⅲ.课文语法填空 The Vikings,16.whose ancestors came from Scandinavia，were the first Europeans to reach America.They controlled the seas and coasts of Northern Europe for a long time.In 982 AD，a man 17.called(call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland 18.because he had committed a murder and got 19.into trouble，and decided to set sail further west.He reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place 20.where he landed.He returned and persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.When he set sail once again，only 14 of 25 ships made 21.it to Greenland.Later，a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search 22.of Eric’s party.Unfortunately，he was blown off course and found himself in an 23.unknown(know) land，from where he eventually reached Greenland.These stories were written down centuries 24.later(late) in Norway and Iceland.They are the first records we have of Europeans 25.sailing(sail) to the Americas.‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A About 97% of the world’s water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas.But，as we can’t drink sea water，how can it be important?‎ Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths.Most of the different species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food.These simple plants called algae(海藻)drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen.In fact，the algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe.How important sea water is!‎ Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain.The algae are eaten in large amounts by microscopic animals，which are in turn consumed by larger animals.These food chains are delicately balanced.‎ The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man.People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn’t matter if we dumped rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food.But we now know this is not true and fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop.‎ Thankfully，the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements to protect marine habitats.Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions to protect fish stocks in the oceans and new techniques are being pioneered to cope with pollution.Finally，the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people.This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future.We depend on the oceans for fish which are an important part of the human diet.How important sea water is!‎ 语篇解读　海洋对人类的生存起到至关重要的作用，但是人类在很长一段时间内对海洋造成了污染和破坏，现在各国都在努力采取措施保护海洋。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is the proper order of the food chain?‎ A．small animals→algae→microscopic animals→large animals→man B．algae→microscopic animals→large animals→larger animals→man C．small animals→algae→large animals→microscopic animals→man D．microscopic animals→algae→large animals→larger animals→man 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，微生物吃海藻，然后逐次地大一点的动物吃小一点的动物，最后被人吃掉。故选B。‎ ‎2．People used to think that the rubbish thrown into the sea .‎ A．wouldn’t harm the fish in the sea B．would change the balance of the food chain C．would be broken down in the sea D．wouldn’t do much harm to the sea 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，过去人类认为将垃圾倒入大海不会对大海造成破坏。‎ ‎3．From the passage，we learn that .‎ A．most fish and sea animals live at the surface of the seas B．it is very difficult to break the balance of a food chain C．excessive fishing has caused the decrease in fish stocks D．it won’t be long before the problems concerning oceans will be solved 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，现在人类已经认识到原先的做法是不正确的，而且鱼的储存量开始下降，可知过度的捕捞造成了这一结果。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is NOT a way being used to protect oceans?‎ A．The use of international agreements.‎ B．Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks.‎ C．The use of new techniques.‎ D．Raising people’s awareness of the need to protect oceans.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，很多国家限制鱼类的捕捞，而不是禁止，故B项不正确。‎ B ‎(2017·全国Ⅰ)‎ Pacific Science Center Guide ‎◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.‎ ‎◆Hungry?‎ Our exhibits will feed your mind，but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options，in addition to seasonal specials.The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.‎ ‎◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3.Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance.ID required.‎ ‎◆Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962，Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science，math and technology.Today，Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations.Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science ‎ Center.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文，是Pacific Science Center的参观指南，介绍了Pacific Science Center的商店、餐饮、租赁信息，并且呼吁人们向Pacific Science Center提供捐助。‎ ‎5．Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?‎ A．In Building 1.‎ B．In Building 3.‎ C．At the Laser Dome.‎ D．At the Denny Way entrance.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知Pacific Science Center的购物点位于Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。‎ ‎6．What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?‎ A．Train science teachers.‎ B．Distribute science books.‎ C．Inspire scientific research.‎ D．Take science to the classroom.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State”可知现在Pacific Science Center开始把科学教育带到教室。故选D。‎ ‎7．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?‎ A．To encourage donations.‎ B．To advertise coming events.‎ C．To introduce special exhibits.‎ D．To tell about the Center’s history.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.”可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们向该中心提供捐助。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018·安徽六安一中高一期中)‎ Painting The art of creating pictures using colors，shapes and lines is called painting.Museums and galleries show the paintings of professional (专业的) artists.But painting is also a popular form of entertainment and creative expression.‎ ‎ 8 Experienced painters usually use a brush to apply oil paints to a canvas cloth surface.Young painters usually use watercolors on pieces of paper.Very young children may use finger paints to create paintings.‎ Painters can use their art to express devotion to a religion，to tell a story，to express feelings and ideas，or simply to present a pleasing picture.Religious paintings often show a god or a scene from a sacred text (圣典)．Other common subjects have been famous legends and events in history，as well as scenes from daily life.Artists also paint portraits (画像)，or pictures of people. 9 All of these types of paintings show the human figure in some way.‎ Some kinds of paintings do not focus on people.In landscape (风景) painting the focus is on scenes from nature.Artists also paint still objects such as fruit and vegetables. 10 Some artists communicate their ideas through pictures that do not represent any object.‎ ‎ 11 Paintings dating back 15,000 years have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. 12 Samples of painted pottery (陶器) from at least 5,000 years ago have been found in China and Iran.The ancient Egyptians decorated their temples with beautiful paintings.People in ancient Greece painted decorative objects such as vases in addition to the walls of temples.‎ A．These works are called still-life paintings.‎ B．These works can communicate a special feeling.‎ C．Humans have been making paintings for thousands of years.‎ D．People of all ages create pictures using a variety of materials.‎ E．Cave paintings generally show animals that early humans hunted.‎ F．The design of a painting is the plan of its lines，shapes and colors.‎ G．Sometimes artists make portraits of themselves，which are called self-portraits.‎ 答案　8.D　9.G　10.A　11.C　12.E Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018·河南洛阳高一期中)‎ Disneynature’s new true life adventure film “Born in China” takes a journey into the wilds of China 13.where few people have ever gone.Following the stories of three animal families，the film transports audiences to some of 14.the most extreme environment on Earth to see some deeply moving moments.A caring panda mother gives guidance to 15.her(she) growing baby as she begins to explore and seek 16.independence(independent) actively.A two-year-old golden monkey who feels unhappy with his new baby sister 17.runs(run) away from home to join up with a group of free-spirited 18.monkeys(monkey)．And a mother snow leopard (雪豹)—an animal seldom caught on camera—faces the real challenge of raising her two babies.Featuring ‎ ‎19.amazing(amaze) and never-before-seen pictures，the film guides audiences through China—from the icy mountains to the heart of the bamboo forest,20.smoothly(smooth) tying the extraordinary tales together.‎ ‎“Born in China” directed 21.by the well-known Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan，is a co-production of Disneynature and Shanghai Media Group.Disneynature is partnering with World Wildlife Fund and giving away a percentage of ticket sales 22.to help(help) protect pandas and snow leopards in China.‎