2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit13People单元学案（9页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit13People单元学案（9页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit 13 People单元学案 ‎ ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．He has worked very hard recently, so he deserves (应得) a week's holiday.‎ ‎2．I would be grateful (感激的) if you can take my suggestions into consideration.‎ ‎3．According to the survey, more and more teenagers hope to be independent (独立的) of their parents.‎ ‎4．The little boy was sentenced to three years in prison for being accused (指控) of having stolen a lot of bikes.‎ ‎5．To get to the shelter (避难所) you are to go through the dusty passage.‎ ‎6．Our trading connection (联系) has broken off owing to a disagreement over prices.‎ ‎7．It is confirmed (证实) that the intellectual property is unique.‎ ‎8．The scenery along the Three Gorge is beyond description(describe)．‎ ‎9．Judging (judge) from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.‎ ‎10．Everybody should be aware of his strengths (strong) and weaknesses so that we can work better as a team.‎ ‎11．To the satisfaction (satisfy) of the boss, his products could meet the needs of the customers.‎ ‎12．They didn't fight, and just only stood there glaring (glare) at each other.‎ ‎13．He didn't accept my_requirement_(require) that he do the work.‎ ‎14．Concentrating (concentrate) attention upon development is the main task of some local governments.‎ ‎15．Devoted (devote) to his students, the teacher has little time to care about his children.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Faced with so much trouble, I can't help but to turn to my parents for help.去掉第一个to ‎2．You can depend on that he will lend you some money to help you out.on后加it ‎3．We didn't lend him money. That's why we are not too familiar with him.why→because ‎4．The young man was accused for murder by police, which surprised us all.for→of ‎5．Devoting to the study of science, he has made great achievements.Devoting→Devoted ‎6．With our relief, children all arrived home safely.With→To ‎7．We delayed our departure on account for the bad weather.for→of ‎8．Although he is very young, he is much more experienced than others in term of working ability.term→terms ‎9．Many media in the world concentrate their attention to the submit of the Group of ‎ Twenty.to→on/upon ‎10．Having all this information in one place could end up save your mother's life.save→saving Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎ ‎1．这位教授全身心投入到科研工作中去，几乎不关心其他任何事。‎ Devoted_to_his_research_work,_the professor cared little about any other things.‎ ‎2．毫无疑问全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。‎ There_is_no_doubt_that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random natural phenomenon.‎ ‎3．如果可能的话，我想和这一家人再待两天以便我能更多地了解一些英国的习俗。‎ If_possible,_I'd like to stay with the family for a couple of days in order that I can know more customs in England.‎ ‎4．你读得越快，你完成考试就越快。‎ The_faster you read, the_sooner you will finish the exam.‎ ‎5．从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。‎ From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.‎ ‎6．如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。‎ I_would_appreciate_it_very_much_if you would help me with it.‎ ‎7．就整体素质来说，大家普遍认为学生应该得到平等对待。‎ In_terms_of_overall_quality,_it is commonly believed that students should be treated equally.‎ ‎8．这位年轻司机专注于挣更多的钱来养家糊口。‎ The young driver concentrates_on_making_more_money to support his family.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A Where to enjoy a pictureperfect white Christmas?‎ Québec City, Canada When the narrow streets of Québec City are covered in snow, it feels like you've wandered into a beautiful Victorian Christmas card which has come to life. Enjoy the friendliness of this charming Canadian city with joyous outdoor concerts, holiday markets and QuébecAdabra — an evening festival of music, lights, animation (动画) and architectural projections held citywide.‎ London, England The capital is bursting with holiday cheer. Bright Christmas lights brighten up Oxford Street, Covent Garden and Carnaby Street. Skating people can go for a seasonal spin in Somerset House, Hyde Park, Canary Wharf and the Tower of London. Love holiday music? St. MartinintheFields ‎ hosts an inspiring lineup of Christmas concerts while London's most famous Christmas tree entertains visitors in Trafalgar Square.‎ Prague, Czech Republic Prague's beautiful architecture provides a dramatic setting for its Christmas activities. At the foot of the Church of Our Lady before Tyn, the Old Town Christmas market sells Christmas gifts and treats to the thousands of shoppers who visit it each December. Carol (圣诞颂歌) singers perform seasonal favourites while a welldecorated Christmas tree adds to the joyous atmosphere.‎ Rovaniemi, Finland For a storybook Christmas, Rovaniemi in Finland is hard to beat. Lapland's capital becomes a winter wonderland. The area is lit by the impressive northern lights, and they can be witnessed around the city from midAugust to early April. This magical place is also the official home of Santa Claus himself and visitors of all ages can meet everything about Christmas at Santa Claus Village right at the Arctic Circle.‎ ‎1．Why does the author mention the Victorian Christmas card?‎ A．To indicate Québec City is beautiful.‎ B．To show it always snows at Christmas.‎ C．To tell us Christmas is a lively holiday.‎ D．To suggest that we buy Christmas cards.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“a beautiful Victorian Christmas card”可知，作者提到维多利亚圣诞卡是为了说明魁北克市在圣诞期间非常漂亮。‎ ‎2．Where can you skate in London at Christmas?‎ A．In Oxford Street.　　　　 B．In Covent Garden.‎ C．In Canary Wharf. D．In Trafalgar Square.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Skating people can go for a seasonal spin in Somerset House, Hyde Park, Canary Wharf and the Tower of London”可知，在伦敦的Canary Wharf可以溜冰。‎ ‎3．What makes a Christmas in Prague more attractive?‎ A．The unique gifts offered to tourists.‎ B．The great architecture of Prague.‎ C．The Old Town Christmas market.‎ D．A welldecorated Christmas tree.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Prague's beautiful architecture provides a dramatic setting for its Christmas activities”可知，Prague的建筑使它的圣诞节更有吸引力。‎ ‎4．What is special about Rovaniemi?‎ A．Its scenery attracts visitors of all ages.‎ B．It is a winter wonderland full of magic.‎ C．Its Christmas celebrations last long.‎ D．It is where Santa Claus comes from.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This magical place is also the official home of Santa Claus himself”可知，圣诞老人来自芬兰的罗瓦涅米。‎ B ‎(2018·陕西黄陵中学模拟)Elon Musk is a man of big ambition. He says his goal is to save humanity. And as strange as that sounds, the South Africanborn, CanadianAmerican inventor might actually be doing it.‎ On December 22nd, SpaceX, the company Musk founded, successfully launched its reusable Falcon 9 rocket. The moment furthered Musk's goal of making space travel more affordable and eventually colonizing Mars for humanity's longterm survival. As if this wasn't enough, Musk, 44, is also the founder of Tesla, an electric car company. He has also helped to create three Internet startups including the online payment company PayPal. All of them could be said to have turned their industries upside down.‎ The companies Musk started cover three areas: the Internet, sustainable energy and exploring space. Since college, Musk has believed that those areas will most affect the future of humanity and that he should spend his life working on them. “There's no shortage of people with a vision for the future，” Microsoft founder Bill Gates said to Vogue magazine. “What makes Elon special is his ability to make his vision come true.”‎ Nothing showed this ability better than the crisis Musk faced in 2008. In 2008, both SpaceX and Tesla were in real danger. SpaceX's three launches had all failed and the company could afford only one more launch. But everything soon turned around. In September 2008, SpaceX launched its fourth rocket and it succeeded. It won a $1.6 billion contract with NASA. SpaceX was saved. Musk then shocked the investors and the tech world by pouring his entire personal savings into saving Tesla.‎ Despite his success, Musk's ambition has not gone away. He has also been working on other ambitious projects in recent years.‎ ‎5．What do Musk's companies have in common?‎ A．They all gained an instant success.‎ B．Their goal is to offer affordable space travel.‎ C．Their development wasn't optimistic at first.‎ D．They had a revolutionary effect on their own fields.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“All of them could be said ‎ to have turned their industries upside down”可知，Musk的公司在它们各自所属的领域产生了革命性的影响。‎ ‎6．What do Bill Gates' words indicate?‎ A．There're many creative people.‎ B．Not everyone's dream can come true.‎ C．Successful people have a vision for the future.‎ D．Ability of practice accounts for Musk's success.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第三段中Bill Gates所说的话，尤其是“What makes Elon special is his ability to make his vision come true”可推断，Bill Gates意在说明Musk成功的关键在于他的执行力。故选D。‎ ‎7．Which words can best describe Musk?‎ A．Devoted and accessible.‎ B．Creative and determined.‎ C．Adventurous and aggressive.‎ D．Ambitious and sympathetic.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“Musk then shocked the investors and the tech world by pouring his entire personal savings into saving Tesla”可以看出，Musk拥有敢于冒险的精神；根据第一段和最后一段的“ambition”可以看出Musk是具有上进心的，故选C。‎ C ‎(2018·湖南省重点名校联考)How many hours of sleep did you get last night? If the answer is not enough, then you might have a harder time remembering something from yesterday than those who were well rested.‎ Scientists have long known the advantages of a good night's sleep, but a new study has confirmed the old wives' tale that sleeping on an idea can actually make it easy to apprehend it, as sleeping is a key part of the human learning process.‎ By studying the sleeping patterns of mice, a team from the John Hopkins University School of Medicine found that sleep allows us to readjust brain cells, solidify lessons learned and then use them when we wake up.‎ Lead author Graham Diering said, “The human brain can only store a certain amount of information before it needs to be readjusted. The bottom line is that sleep is not really downtime (停工期) for the brain. It has important work to do then.”‎ When we are awake, the system of neurons (神经元) is pushed towards full ability in a bid to make sense of the world and everything we are taking in. This constant firing of neurons means we will lose our ability to devote brainpower to memory. Then when we are asleep, there is a process of reduction going on, which causes a 20% drop in receptor proteins (受体蛋白质)‎ ‎ compared to those who are still awake. And it is this process of reduction that goes on when you are sleeping that is necessary for learning and memory.‎ It isn't the only study to remind us of the value of rest. Back in September, a study showed when we sleep, the brain works harder to process the memories we value more highly. So studying before going to bed can help you remember more things than you do in the morning.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。一项最新研究表明，充足的睡眠有益于记忆，人们在睡眠之前的记忆力处于最佳状态。‎ ‎8．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “apprehend” in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Carry out.　　　　　　 B．Dream up.‎ C．Accept. D．Understand.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据该词后的“as sleeping is a key part of the human learning process”可知，是更容易理解一个概念，故apprehend的意思和understand相近。‎ ‎9．When is our memory good?‎ A．When our nervous system is inactive.‎ B．When we lie wide awake on the bed.‎ C．When we become sensitive to the outside world.‎ D．When the level of receptor proteins is increasing.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段第一、二句可知，当人们清醒时，神经系统处于活跃状态，此时大脑的记忆能力就会减弱。由此可知，当我们的神经系统处于低迷状态时，大脑记忆力最好。‎ ‎10．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To tell us the process of memorizing things.‎ B．To show the importance of a good memory.‎ C．To persuade us to get enough sleep.‎ D．To describe a common phenomenon.‎ 解析：选C　写作目的题。本文介绍了充足的睡眠的重要性，旨在劝说人们要有充足的睡眠。‎ D Public libraries have had another bad year. They are like local railways. People like having them around, and are angry if they close. But as for using them, there is so little time these days.‎ To the US historian Matthew Battles the library is a metaphor (隐喻) for the land of chance, a place where, lost in the piles, new Americans could “dream of personal success, unaided by unnamed others, a stage with a mirror for backdrop (背景幕布) that reflects only the reader”. In Britain, the library was a grammar school, a teachyourself academy, a way of learning.‎ Digitization has changed everything. The public library is no longer a place sacred to ‎ knowledge. Its walls have been bombed open. So much rubbish is said and written about the death of books. Five years ago, when Amazon ebook sales were higher than those of paperback copies, it was assumed the book was dying. Print was yesterday, one more victim of the great digital wipeout. But Waterstones last year stopped selling Kindles and changed the shelf space to physical books. It saw a 5% rise in sales. Though the bookshop has suffered, the book has not.‎ But these are buyers, not borrowers. The library must rediscover its specialness. This strength lies not in books, but in its readers, in their desire to gather, share with each other, hear writers and experience books with a group. It is in plays, concerts, comedy, lectures, debates, quizzes, performances of every sort. It should combine coffee shops, book exchanges, playgroups, art galleries, museums and performances.‎ Ever since the days of Alexandria, the library has been the palace of the mind, the “University of All”. The Internet has removed its complete control of knowledge, but cannot copy its sense of place, its joy of human gathering.‎ 语篇解读：本文是议论文。文章讨论了图书馆的数量虽然减少了，借书的人少了，但是书却并没有消失。‎ ‎11．What is stressed by mentioning Matthew Battles?‎ A．The meaning of the American Dream.‎ B．The role of libraries in Americans' life.‎ C．The things people can learn in a library.‎ D．The decrease in the number of libraries.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Matthew Battles强调了图书馆是机会之地，人们可以在图书馆中寻求自己的个人成功等，说明了图书馆对于人们的影响。‎ ‎12．What did people use to think about books?‎ A．Digital technology left books dying.‎ B．A lot of books were becoming rubbish.‎ C．Physical books took up too much space.‎ D．Books in libraries were better than ebooks.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“So much rubbish is said and written about the death of books. Five years ago, when Amazon ebook sales were higher than those of paperback copies, it was assumed the book was dying”可知，过去人们认为数字技术的出现，使得实体书快要灭亡了。‎ ‎13．How can the library gain its popularity again?‎ A．By offering readers better books.‎ B．By holding live events for readers.‎ C．By buying more books to fill its shelves.‎ D．By providing relaxed atmosphere for readers.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，在数字时代，图书馆要想重新恢复它是知识代表的称号，需要举办各种现场活动。‎ ‎14．What might be the most suitable title for the text?‎ A．Libraries are dying but not for books B．Libraries will have no physical books C．Libraries are not about books any more D．Libraries play new roles in modern times 解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了随着数字技术的发展，图书馆的作用似乎越来越小了，但是书并没有消亡。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎5 Ways Technology is Changing ‎ the Social Lives of Teenagers Technology allows teens to communicate with friends in new ways. Here are five ways technology is changing teenagers' friendships：‎ Teens are making new friends online.‎ In fact, 57% of teens have made new friends online. __15__ While in the past, teens were often limited to making friends from their schools or nearby towns, the Internet gives them access to other people all around the world.‎ Teens are more likely to text than talk.‎ Gone are the days of sitting at home waiting for the phone to ring. __16__ About 55% of teens text their friends on a daily basis, and only 19% talk on the phone every day. In addition to texting, teens are also using instant messaging, social media, email, and video chat to talk with their friends.‎ Online gaming promotes new friendships.‎ ‎78% of gamers say that gaming helps them feel more connected with their friends. __17__ Of the teens who have made friends online, 57% of those who said they developed their friendships by gaming were boys.‎ ‎__18__‎ Teens use social media to catch up with friends. Almost 75% of teens say they spend time with their friends on social media. They're able to communicate in real time and they discuss different types of topics online more often than they do in person.‎ Teens may struggle to read emotions (情感)．‎ ‎__19__ Lacking facetoface communication makes it difficult for teens to understand how others feel through their voice, body language, etc.‎ A．Teens hang out online.‎ B．Teens don't like facetoface communication.‎ C．In fact, most teens aren't even talking on the phone.‎ D．Boys are more likely to make new friends while gaming.‎ E．The digital world is transforming the way teens communicate.‎ F．Technology erases geographical limitation to new friendships.‎ G．Technology robs teens of the chance of facetoface communication.‎ ‎15．解析：选F　根据下一句中的“their schools or nearby towns”和“all around the world”可知，该空内容与交朋友和地域有关，由此可知F项正确。‎ ‎16．解析：选C　根据下句中的两个数字可知，该空要表达的意思是“事实上，大多数青少年甚至不在电话上交谈了”。‎ ‎17．解析：选D　根据下文的解释可知，此处应表达的意思是“男孩子更有可能通过玩游戏交新朋友”。‎ ‎18．解析：选A　根据下文提到的在网上与朋友交流的人数和交流的内容可知，青少年都在网上闲逛。‎ ‎19．解析：选G　根据下句可知，青少年总在网上交流，很难通过别人的声音、肢体语言理解他们的情感。这个问题主要是由科技使青少年失去了面对面交流的机会引起的。 由此可知，应选G项。‎