2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题12非谓语动词专练三含解析

2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题12非谓语动词专练三含解析

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点非谓语动词专练（三）‎ 一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _____________ (stop) until we reached the next stop.‎ ‎【答案】to stop ‎【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我听到后面一位乘客向司机喊叫，但他拒绝停车，直到我们到达下一站。refuse to do sth.是固定搭配，意思是“拒绝干某事”，故填to stop.‎ ‎2.I regret ________ (inform) you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.‎ ‎【答案】to inform ‎【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我很遗憾地通知你，他们明天不能来参加你的婚礼了。regret to do sth.很遗憾做某事，固定短语。故填to inform.‎ ‎3.My teacher is always the first person ________ (get) to the office.‎ ‎【答案】to get ‎【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我的老师总是第一个到达办公室的人。当名词被序数词修饰时，用动词不定式作后置定语。该句中名词person前被序数词the first修饰，故填to get. 4.She became the first black woman ________(elect) to the Senate.‎ ‎【答案】to be elected ‎【解析】考查不定式的被动语态。此处是the+序数词+n+to do结构，因the first black woman与elect之间是被动关系，需要使用不定式被动结构to be done形式。故填to be elected.‎ ‎5.I prefer ________(walk) there rather than ride on a crowded bus.‎ ‎【答案】to walk ‎【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我宁愿步行去那儿，也不愿坐拥挤的公共汽车。根据句意，分析句子结构可知，prefer to do...rather than do...固定搭配“宁愿......也不......”，故填to walk.‎ ‎6.I got to the office earlier that day ____________ (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.‎ ‎【答案】to catch ‎【解析】考查动词不定式。本句已有谓语got to，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语；结合句意“那天我提前到了办公室，去赶7点半从帕丁顿来的火车。”可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to catch.‎ ‎7.His health does not permit him _________ (climb) the hill.‎ ‎【答案】to climb 7‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的身体状况不允许他爬山。permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，故填to climb. 8._______(concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he as so often absent from class.‎ ‎【答案】Concerned ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：担心这个学生，老师打电话给他的父母，问他为什么经常旷课。be concerned about是固定搭配，意为“担心……”。此处“be concerned about”在句子中作状语，用来说明其逻辑主语the teacher的状态，故将be动词去掉，用形容词化的过去分词作状语。且用于句首，首字母要大写。故填Concerned. 9.The medical team, ______(consist) of two doctors and three nurses, has been highly thought of by the local people.‎ ‎【答案】consisting ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个由两名医生和三名护士组成的医疗队受到了当地人民的高度评价。consist是动词“由……组成”。分析句子结构可知“______(consist)of two doctors and three nurses”作定语修饰The medical team且The medical team和consist之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填consisting. 10.Something is wrong with my watch. I must have it __________(repair).‎ ‎【答案】repaired ‎【解析】考查过去分词。句意：我的手表出毛病了。我必须把它修好。根据句意，可知it指代上文的watch，与repair是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故填repaired. 11.The bridge ________ (build) now over the Changjiang River will be completed at the end of this year.‎ ‎【答案】being built ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词will be completed，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合题干可知，此处需用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词The bridge，因为表示正在进行（now），且被修建，所以此处需用现在分词的被动语态being done.故填being built. 12.The frightened girl hid herself behind the curtains, feeling her heart ________ (beat) very fast.‎ ‎【答案】beating 7‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词hid，所以空处需用非谓语动词作宾语补足语；空处动词beat与其逻辑主语heart之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词beating作宾语补足语。故填beating. 13.Time ____________ (permit), I expect you to pay a visit to the Great Wall.‎ ‎【答案】permitting ‎【解析】考查独立主格结构。分析句子结构，整个句子的谓语动词是expect，设空处需填非谓语动词作状语，permit的逻辑主语是time，与主句的主语I不一致。二者是主谓关系，需用现在分词的独立主格结构作状语。故填permitting. 14._______(know) as Golden Pebble Beach, Jinshitan is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.‎ ‎【答案】Known ‎【解析】考查过去分词作状语。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句子中作状语，其逻辑主语Jinshitan和know之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。be known as是“作为......而著名”的意思。单词放句首其首字母大写，故填Known. 15.The local government announced that a bridge ________ (link) to that town had been constructed.‎ ‎【答案】linked ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：当地政府宣布已经建造了一座连接那个城镇的桥。此处是后置定语，link与修饰的名词a bridge是被动关系，用过去分词，故填linked. 16.Mrs Brown liked the water from the pump so much that she had it _______________ (deliver) to her house every day.‎ ‎【答案】delivered ‎【解析】考查过去分词形式作宾语补足语。句意：布朗太太非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都让人把水送到她家。此处是宾补，与宾语it是被动关系，用过去分词，have  sth  done请别人做某事。故填delivered. 17.Tsinghua University，____________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.‎ ‎【答案】founded ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：清华大学，建于1911年，是很多杰出人物的摇篮。found动词，建立。句子的主语 Tsinghua University与动词found之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词做后置定语。故填founded. 18.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain__________ (seat) as the plan was making 7‎ ‎ a landing.‎ ‎【答案】seated ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：机驾驶员要求机上所有乘客在飞机着陆时不要动。​remain系动词，意为“保持某种状态”，seated是过去分词，表状态，意为“坐着的”。故填seated. 19.________ (bury) himself in the film, she didn't know it was snowing outside.‎ ‎【答案】Burying ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。bury与句子主语是主谓关系，所以此处应用现在分词形式作状语。故填Burying. 20.With our knowledge __________(base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.‎ ‎【答案】based ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处考查了with的复合结构，空处动词base与其逻辑主语our knowledge之间是被动关系，所以空处需用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填based. 二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎1.（2019.全国卷III）We were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，______ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.‎ ‎【解析】考查分词非谓语动词。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，现在分词做伴随状语，再由and前后连接两个并列的结构，故空格处填listening.‎ ‎2.（2019.浙江卷）But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform.‎ ‎【答案】to wear ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，故填to wear.‎ ‎3.（2019.北京卷）Nervously ______ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.‎ ‎【答案】facing ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字““Be yourself”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing.‎ ‎4.（2018.全国卷III）Once his message was delivered, he allowed me (stay) and watch.‎ ‎【答案】to stay 7‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词作宾补。句意:一旦它的信息传递了,它就允许我待在那里观察(它们)。allow后须加不定式作宾补;又因为宾语me与stay为逻辑上的主动关系,故填to stay.‎ ‎5.（2018.浙江卷）I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years.‎ ‎【答案】visiting ‎ ‎【解析】考查动名词的用法。做 remember 的宾语，用动名词visiting，表示"记得做过某事"。故填visiting.‎ ‎6.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) They are required　    (process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.‎ ‎【答案】to process　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据require sth. to do sth.(需要某物做某事)以及其被动形式可知此处填不定式结构。故填to process.‎ ‎7.(2017.全国卷III) But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 　     (rest). ‎ ‎【答案】resting　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定结构spend some time(in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填resting.‎ ‎8.(2017.全国卷III) But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 　      (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.‎ ‎【答案】to prove　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。故填to prove.‎ ‎9.(2016·四川卷) For 25days,she never left her baby, not even to find something (eat)!‎ ‎【答案】to eat ‎【解析】考查不定式。句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填to eat.‎ ‎10.(2016·四川卷) A study of travelers (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.‎ ‎【答案】conducted ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。故填conducted.‎ 三、非谓语动词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 7‎ My name is Li Jin. Today I’m very glad 1 (have) the chance of 2 (run) for the vice president of the English Club. Concerning the position, I feel qualified 3 (take) the job. First, I have gained a lot of experience in management and have won wide praise from my classmates for my job as monitor. Second, I am a warm-hearted boy and always ready to help others. Third, I am good at 4 (organize) all kinds of activities and have successfully held a number of English corners. ‎ ‎ 5 (look) ahead, I will try my best 6 (assist) the president and serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough 7 (elect) vice president. On the one hand, I will organize some campus activities, like "English Evening ", a platform where students can show their English and learn from each other. And I will also invite some professors 8 (know) for a lot of knowledge. On the other hand, I will organize more activities 9 (enhance) the communication between schools. We can compete with students from other universities in debate contests or speech contests. Moreover, I will open more channels for you 10 (voice) your opinions. ‎ ‎1. 【答案】to have ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：今天我很高兴有机会竞选英语俱乐部副主席。固定短语be glad to do sth, 很高兴做某事，用动词不定式作原因状语。故填to have. ‎ ‎ 2.【答案】running ‎ ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：同上。介词后面接动名词形式。故填running. ‎ ‎3. 【答案】to take ‎ ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：关于这个职位，我觉得有资格接受这份工作。故填to take. ‎ ‎4. 【答案】organizing ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我擅长组织各类活动并成功举办了多个英语角。故填 organizing. ‎ ‎ 5. 【答案】Looking ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：展望未来，我将尽力协助校长，为我的同学服务。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句子中作状语，其逻辑主语I和look之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。置于句首需大写单词首字母。故填Looking. ‎ 7‎ ‎6. 【答案】to assist ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：同上固定短语try one’s best to do sth全力以赴做某事。故填 to assist. ‎ ‎7.【答案】to be elected ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：如果我够幸运被选为副总裁，我将尽力协助校长，为我的同学服务。Be lucky to do有幸做某事，在本句话中，elect与主语I是逻辑的动宾关系，需要用动词不定式的被动。故填to be elected. ‎ ‎8. 【答案】known ‎ ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我也会邀请一些教授知识丰富的教授。根据句意及句子结构，some professors与know之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应使用过去分词作定语,固定短语be known for因。。。。而出名。故填known. ‎ ‎9. 【答案】to enhance ‎ ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：另一方面，我会组织更多的活动以便加强学校之间的沟通。 动词不定式做目的状语。故填to enhance. ‎ ‎10.【答案】 to voice ‎ ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：此外，我会为你们打开更多的渠道，倾听你的意见。动词不定式做目的状语。故填to voice.‎ 7‎