专题01名词和冠词教学案高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍Word版含解析

申明敬告: 本站不保证该用户上传的文档完整性,不预览、不比对内容而直接下载产生的反悔问题本站不予受理。

文档介绍

专题01名词和冠词教学案高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍Word版含解析

近几年高考单项填空中单独考查名词的题目相对较少,多与冠词一起进行考查,但完形填空中对名词的考查一直是重点,且考查范围较广。其命题趋势仍将是:‎ 在不同语言环境中去识别词义,进行词义辨析,是高考考查的重点。因此,考生不仅要弄清词义,而且也要把握好语言环境,在单项填空、完形填空中这类试题会继续出现。建议考生在复习中注意名词的词义辨析。‎ 冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上,在具体语境下的冠词的运用,主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别,名词前不用冠词的情况,特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。‎ 热点题型一 考查名词的数 例1、Games, often seen as________activity for children, are still important in________development of teenagers.‎ A. the; the B. an; the C. an; 不填 D. the; 不填 ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【提分秘籍】‎ 名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。‎ ‎1.可数名词的复数 ‎(1)可数名词变复数一般都是直接加s;词尾若是s,x,ch,sh,在词尾加es desk→desks;dish→dishes stomach的复数形式是stomachs ‎(2)以”辅音字母+y”结尾的词,要变y为i再加es study→studies ‎(3)以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为ves leaf→leaves ‎(4)以字母o结尾的名词,多数加s piano→pianos ‎(5)单、复数同形 sheep;deer ‎(6)单、复数都要加s的名词 works(工厂);means(方法)‎ 有一些例外情况:‎ ‎(1)巧记以o结尾加es的名词:黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。(即Negro,hero,tomato和potato四个词)‎ ‎(2)巧记以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时直接加s:海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。‎ ‎2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,如果需要表示量,通常要用“a+表量的概念的名词+of+名词”来表示,其中的表量的概念的名词可以根据需要用复数形式 a piece of paper一张纸;several pieces of information几条信息。‎ 通常情况下,抽象名词和物质名词都是不可数名词,如comfort,luck,rain,energy等。‎ ‎3.一些不可数名词也有复数形式,但词义不同 语意 语意 brains 智力 times 时代 manners 礼貌 hairs 几根头发 goods 货物 sands 沙滩,沙漠 arms 武器 waters 水域,领海 snows 积雪 fruits 水果 glasses 眼镜 papers 论文;试卷;报纸 greens 青菜 customs 海关 pains 努力 woods 树林 ‎4.抽象名词、物质名词具体化 ‎(1)英语中有一类名词在表示泛指意义时,它是一种概念,是不可数名词,但当它们被赋予了具体的含义后,可看作可数名词,一般与不定冠词连用,含有”一个(件、次)……的人或事”。如:‎ beauty(美,美貌)→a beauty(一个美人或一件美物)‎ danger(危险)→a danger(一件危险的事或一个危险的人)‎ failure(失败)→a failure(一件失败的事或一个失败的人)‎ honour(光荣)→an honour(一个带来荣誉的人或一件带来荣誉的事)‎ must(必须)→a must(一件必要的事或物)‎ worry(担心)→a worry(一件令人担心的事或一个令人担忧的人)‎ pity(遗憾)→a pity(一件可惜的事)‎ service(服务)→a service(一个服务机构)‎ smoke(烟)→a smoke(一缕烟)‎ surprise(惊奇)→a surprise(一件令人吃惊的事)‎ pleasure(乐趣)→a pleasure(一件有趣的事)‎ experience(经验)→an experience(一次经历)‎ ‎(2)物质名词在表示构成物体的基本要素时,是不可数名词,但一旦表示具体物品,就变成了可数名词。如:‎ coffee(咖啡)→a coffee(一杯咖啡)‎ sand(沙子)→a sand(一片沙滩)‎ iron(铁)→an iron(一个熨斗)‎ water(水)→a water(一片水域)‎ 抽象名词有时还可用复数形式。如:comfort(安慰)→comforts(舒适的设施);joy(乐趣)→joys(乐事);difficulty(困难)→difficulties(困难,难做的事)。‎ 还有的用在某些固定短语中,如:have a look(看一下);a few,a little(一些);all of a sudden(突然);make a study of…(对……进行研究);in a hurry(匆忙)等。‎ ‎5.有些可数名词抽象为“某一概念”时,便转化为不可数名词 a room(房间)→room(空间);a word(话,词)→word(消息);a space(空地)→space(宇宙,空间);go to school/church/bed/ college,etc(去上学/做礼拜/上床睡觉/上大学等)。‎ ‎6.有些词只用作不可数名词 Fun, advice, news, information, furniture,equipment,baggage/luggage,bread, homework,housework,juice,weather,progress,practice等。‎ ‎7.常见复合名词的复数 lookeron→lookerson旁观者;passerby→passersby过路人;‎ fatherinlaw→fathersinlaw岳父;comradeinarms→‎ ‎ comradesinarms战友;gobetween→gobetweens中间人;grownup→grownups成年人;storekeeper→storekeepers店主;toothbrush→toothbrushes牙刷。‎ ‎8.英语中集合名词的”数”有三种情况 ‎(1)“形单义复”的名词:这类集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:cattle牛;police警察;people人们(作民族、种族讲时复数为peoples);youth青年人(youths指青年们)。‎ ‎(2)“形单义单”的名词:这类集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:baggage/luggage行李;clothing衣服;furniture家具;machinery机械;man/mankind人类。‎ ‎(3)有些集合名词作整体看时,当单数用,谓语动词用单数;作其“成员”解时,当复数用,且形式不变,谓语动词用复数。如:family家;government政府;group组;team队;class班级;audience听众。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ She studied________medicine before she became________writer.‎ A. the; the B. the;a C. /; a D. /; the ‎【解析】medicine是抽象名词,表示“医学”,前面不加冠词;writer 是可数名词单数,表泛指,因此前面加不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ 题型二 考查名词作定语 例2. She likes to eat ________ and she has a nice ________ garden in front of her house.‎ A. vegetables; vegetables B. vegetable; vegetable C. vegetables; vegetable D. vegetable; vegetables ‎【答案】C ‎【提分秘籍】 名词作定语时的问题 ‎1.名词作定语时,几乎总是用单数形式(即使在意义上是复数)。如:radio programs电台节目。‎ ‎2.man/woman作定语修饰名词时,随名词的单复数变化一起变化。如:a man doctor一名男大夫;two men doctors两名男大夫。但girl与boy作定语仍用单数形式,如many boy students许多男学生。‎ ‎3.还有少数名词作定语时,形式不变。如:a clothes shop一个服装店;a sports man一位运动员;a customs officer一位海关官员;a goods train一列货车;a sales ‎ manager一个营销经理;a savings office一个储蓄所。‎ 热点题型三 考查名词的所有格 例3、—Pardon? Who will come?‎ ‎—________.‎ A. The friend of Mr. Green’s B. A friend of a teacher’s C. The aunt of Tom’s D. A cousin of my father’s ‎【答案】D ‎【提分秘籍】英语名词的所有格构成如下:‎ 构成情况 举例 单数名词后加“’s”‎ a boy’s seat,the student’s bag 以s结尾的人名只加“’”‎ Charles’ home 词尾为s的复数名词后只加“’”‎ the girls’ names,‎ Teachers’ Day 表示时间、距离、机构、团体、地名以及可拟人化的名词后加“’s”‎ today’s newspaper,an hour’s work,China’s industry 数量词(a,two,some,no...)+名词+of+名词所有格 some friends of my father’s 名词+of+名词所有格(往往含有感情色彩)‎ the lecture of Mr. Yang’s 注意:无生命的名词(能拟人化的名词除外)可用of表示所属关系。‎ 如:the windows of the classroom,the top of the mountain。‎ 所修饰的名词为“诊所、住宅或其他处所”时,被修饰的名词常省略。如:at the doctor’s(clinic)在诊所;to my uncle’s (house)到我叔叔家;in the manager’s(office)在经理办公室;at the barber’s/tailor’s(shop)在理发店/裁缝铺。‎ 另外,表示并列的名词“共有某物”时,只在最后一个名词后加“‘s”;如果表示“各自所有”,则在每个名词后加’s。如:‎ Lucy and Mary’s desk露西和玛丽共用的课桌;Lucy’s and Mary’s ‎ desks露西和玛丽各自的课桌。‎ 热点题型四 考查名词辨析 例4、【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.‎ A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:试着去理解实际发生的事情,而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A. assignment分配;B. association交往;C. acquisition获得;D. assumption假设。故选D。‎ ‎【变式探究】Teachers have to constantly up- date their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.‎ A. consequence B. independence C. competence D. intelligence ‎【答案】C ‎【提分秘籍】 ‎ 在新的教学理念下,我们强调语言的运用(在运用中学习、在运用中掌握、在运用中提高),因此名词在具体语境下的运用、辨析便成为我们复习考试的重点。我们平时在阅读中必须认真体会,在运用中领悟词义,体会它们在不同语境下的细微区别。对名词辨析的考查主要是词义辨析、同义词和近义词语义的细微区别以及在固定搭配中的用法辨析。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ ‎ One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living________.‎ A. bills B. expenses ‎ C. prices D. charges ‎【解析】bill账单;expense开支,花销;price价格;charge收费,要价。通过语境可知living限定的应该是“开支”,所以答案是B。‎ ‎【答案】B 热点题型五 不定冠词的用法 ‎ 例5、My friend Mary is___ _____beautiful girl, ________girl everyone likes to work with.‎ A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the ‎【解析】考查冠词。第一空泛指“一个漂亮的女孩儿”,故用a; 句中第二次提到girl时并不是特指,a gril在这里充当同位语。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【提分秘籍】‎ ‎ 1.指人或事物的某一类,这是不定冠词的基本用法 A car rans faster than a truck.‎ 小汽车比卡车跑得快。‎ ‎2.表示数量“一个”,但一般不能与one互换 Rome was not built in a day.‎ 罗马不是一天建起来的。‎ ‎3.指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物 A Mr. Li is waiting for you outside.‎ 一位李先生在外面等你。‎ ‎(不知道那位李先生是谁)‎ ‎4.用于表示次数、速度、价格等意义的名词前,表示“每一”‎ ‎①He goes home to see his parents once a month.‎ 他每月回家一次去看父母。‎ ‎②He can earn five yuan an hour in the shop.‎ 他在这家商店每小时挣五元钱。‎ ‎5.表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时,用不定冠词 ‎①I only want a small supper because of cold.‎ 由于感冒晚饭我只想吃一点东西。‎ ‎②People usually have quite a good dinner on festivals.‎ 人们在过节时通常会吃一顿丰盛的大餐。‎ ‎6.有时在序数词前加不定冠词,表示“再次”“又一个”‎ ‎①She invited him to come to the party a second time.‎ 她再次邀请他来参加聚会。‎ ‎②Then a third boy came to join us.‎ 接着又一个孩子加入到我们的行列。‎ ‎7.有些物质名词以及抽象名词具体化时,可用不定冠词 a paper一份报纸;a tea一杯茶;a beauty一个美人;a surprise一件意想不到的事;a pity一件遗憾的事;an honour一个(件)光荣的人(事)‎ ‎8.不定冠词还可以用于“a most+adj.+n.”结构,注意在句中没有表示可比较的范围状语,这时“most”相当于“very”‎ Xiamen is a most beautiful coastal city and I’ll come for a second time.‎ 厦门是个非常美丽的海滨城市,我还要再来一次。‎ ‎9.不定冠词还可以用于“a+比较级+名词”结构,与否定词连用时,表示“从来没有比这更……”,具有最高级含义 I have never spent a more worrying day.‎ 我从未度过这样烦人的一天。‎ ‎10.用于短语搭配中 ‎(1)“have/take+a(n)+与动词同形的名词”,表示动作的一次。‎ have/take a rest休息一会儿;have/take a look看一下;have/take a bath洗个澡。‎ ‎(2)“go out for a(n)+名词”,表示从事某项活动。‎ go out for an outing去郊游;go out for a picnic去野餐。‎ ‎(3)习惯搭配中。‎ come to an end结束;drop sb. a line给某人写信;at a disadvantage处于不利地位;in a way从一方面说;in a word总之;in a sense就某种意义来说;on a diet吃特定食物;with a view to为了,鉴于。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write ________ children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in ________ way. ‎ A.a;不填 B.the;the ‎ C.不填;the D.a;the ‎ 答案:D 热点题型六 定冠词的用法 ‎ 例6、Daegu on Monday night sees ________first Championship clash of hurdling’s current big three—Robles, Liu Xiang and________2011’s fastest man David Oliver of USA.‎ A. the; a B. a; a C. /;the D. the;/‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【提分秘籍】‎ ‎ 1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,这是定冠词的基本用法 ‎①The books on the desk were published last month.‎ 桌子上的那些书是上个月出版的。‎ ‎②The factory I mentioned has installed a new assembly line.‎ 我提到的那家工厂已经安装了一条新的装配线。‎ ‎③We were all lost in the beauty of nature.‎ 我们都被大自然的美所陶醉。‎ ‎2.再次提到前面已出现的人或事物,表示特指 ‎①I met a friend in the street;he said he had been seriously ill.‎ 我在街上遇见了一位朋友,他说他生过一场大病。‎ ‎②He told us a story,but I was not interested in the story.‎ 他给我们讲了一个故事,但我对这个故事不感兴趣。‎ ‎3.指谈话双方彼此都知道的人或事物 We went to the station to see the manager off.‎ 我们到车站为经理送行。‎ ‎4.用在某些可数名词单数前,用来指事物的整体(总称)与其他事物的区别 ‎①The telephone was invented by Bell.‎ 电话是贝尔发明的。‎ ‎②The elephant is much stronger than the horse.‎ 象比马强壮得多。‎ ‎5.用在表示某国人的名词前 the Chinese中国人;the French法国人;the English英国人;the Spanish西班牙人;the Dutch荷兰人;the Irish爱尔兰人;the Swiss瑞士人;the Japanese日本人。‎ ‎6.某些形容词或分词前加定冠词the表示一类人(表示复数)‎ the homeless无家可归的人;the rich富人;the poor穷人;the blind盲人;the old老年人;the young年轻人;the strong强者;the weak弱者;the sick病人;the wounded伤者。‎ ‎7.在序数词前要加定冠词the(有时在序数词前加不定冠词,表示“再次”“又一”)‎ She lives on the twelfth floor.她住在十二楼。‎ ‎8.在形容词最高级及形容词only(唯一的),very(正是那个),same(同样的)等前加定冠词the ‎①This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.‎ 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。‎ ‎②He must be the only student who has ever been to the city in our class.‎ 他一定是我们班唯一去过那座城市的同学。‎ ‎③That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for.‎ 那正是我要找的东西。‎ ‎9.在表示一些独一无二的东西的名词前要用定冠词the the earth地球;the moon月亮;the sun太阳;the sky天空;the universe宇宙;the world世界;the air空中;the ground地面。‎ ‎10.用于时间、重量等单位名词之前,表示每一个单位 ‎①The boat is hired by the hour.‎ 小船按小时出租。‎ ‎②There are two or three apples to the pound.‎ 每磅有两三个苹果。‎ ‎11.在表示方位、方向的名词前用定冠词the in the east/south/west/north在东/南/西/北方;on the right/left在右/左边。‎ ‎12.在表江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、海峡、海湾等专有名词前,要用定冠词the the Yellow River黄河;the Rhine莱茵河;the Pacific太平洋;the Red Sea红海;the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉;the British Isles不列颠群岛;the Taiwan Strait台湾海峡;the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠。‎ ‎13.用在逢“十”的数词前,指世纪的某个年代 in the 1980s/1980’s在20世纪80年代。‎ ‎14.乐器名称前用定冠词the She plays the piano best in her class.‎ 她钢琴在班上弹得最好。‎ ‎15.在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词the表示“……一家”‎ the Browns布朗一家;the Lis姓李的一家。‎ ‎16.在“动词+sb.+介词+the+表身体部位的名词”的固定结构中 hit sb. in the face打某人的脸;take sb. by the arm/hand抓住某人的胳膊/手;pat sb. on the shoulder拍某人的肩;hit sb. on the head打某人的头。‎ 本结构中不能用物主代词替代定冠词,常用于该结构的动词有pat,strike,beat,hit,catch,put,take等。‎ ‎17.在短语搭配中 in the end最后;come to the point谈到正题;on the contrary相反;in the morning在早晨;in the distance在远处;in the water在水中;on the subject of关于……的主题;on the air在广播。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ I just heard ______ bank where Dora works was robbed by ________ gunman wearing a mask. ‎ A.the;/ ‎ B.a;/ ‎ C.the;a ‎ D.a;the ‎ 答案:C 热点题型七 不用冠词的情况 例7、 Students should be encouraged to use________ Internet as ________ resource.‎ A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a ‎【解析】Internet是专有名词,其前加定冠词;表示类别,用不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【提分秘籍】‎ ‎ 1.可数名词复数表示泛指时,以及抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不用冠词 ‎①Computers are very useful.‎ 电脑是非常有用的。‎ ‎②Failure is the mother of success.‎ 失败是成功之母。‎ ‎③Knowledge is power.‎ 知识就是力量。‎ ‎2.三餐、球类运动、娱乐名称、节日、星期、月份和日期前一般不用冠词,表季节的名词前用不用the意思没有区别 ‎①play football/basketball/volleyball踢足球/打篮球/打排球;play chess/cards下棋/打牌;New Year’s Day元旦(“the Spring Festival春节”例外)。‎ ‎②He had nothing for breakfast this morning.‎ 他今天早上没有吃早饭。‎ ‎③Spring comes after winter.冬去春来。‎ 有时在星期、月份和日期前加不定冠词,表示一种泛指。如:on a Monday在一个礼拜一;a very wet April一个雨水很多的四月。‎ ‎3.在学科、语言、称呼语、大部分疾病名称或表头衔的名词(作表语、同位语、补足语)前,不用冠词 ‎①I think physics is more interesting than maths.‎ 我认为物理比数学有趣。‎ ‎②What’s the matter,Granny?‎ 奶奶,出什么事了吗?‎ ‎③Cancer is a terrible disease.‎ 癌症是一种可怕的疾病。‎ ‎【特别提醒】‎ ‎(1)表语言的名词后如有language或特指时要用the。如:‎ the Chinese language;the English language。‎ ‎(2)下面的表疾病的名词前可有冠词:flu;smallpox;cold;fever;headache;cough等。‎ ‎4.在turn(作“变成”解)后作表语的名词前,不用冠词 He has turned doctor.‎ 他已是名医生了。‎ ‎5.在as,though引导的倒装分句中,名词前不用冠词 Child as/though Tom is,you can’t fool him.‎ 虽然汤姆是个孩子,但你不能欺骗他。‎ ‎6.在专有名词(洲名、人名、城市名、街道名、港口名、航空站名、火车站名、公园名、机关名及院校名)之前,一般不用冠词 Asia亚洲;Mary玛丽;Shanghai上海;Wall Street华尔街;Pearl Harbor珍珠港;Beihai Park北海公园;Beijing University北京大学。‎ ‎7.在一些固定短语中,名词前不用冠词 at night在夜里;at home在家;day after day日复一日;by telephone打电话;in danger在危险中;on purpose故意地。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ France is a main destination for U.S.travelers,________second only to the United Kingdom,‎ according to________Commerce Department report. ‎ A.不填;a B.不填;the ‎ C.a;a D.the;the ‎ 解析:考查冠词。句意:根据商务部的报告,法国是美国 人度假的目的地,其次是英国。second to 表示仅次于,固定短语,第二空表示泛指,故选A项。 ‎ 答案:A ‎ ‎ ‎1.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on ‎ the _______ you’ve made.‎ A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption ‎【答案】D ‎2.【2018·天津】The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.‎ A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议;B. order命令;C. possibility可能性;D. invitation邀请。故选C。‎ ‎【2016·江苏】24. —Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?‎ ‎—Living every day to the full, definitely.‎ A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】考查名词辨析 ‎【2016·天津】10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.‎ ‎ A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:天气预报说今天会是多云,后半夜可能有雨。A.影响;B.感觉;C.改变;D.机会,可能性。故选D。‎ ‎【考点】考查名词辨析。‎ ‎【2016·浙江】4. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.‎ A. condition B. income C. credit D. status ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:准时付电费很重要,因为付晚了会影响你的信用。Condition条件;income收入;credit学分,信用(卡)。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎【考点】考查名词辨析。‎ ‎【2016·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.‎ A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the,是特指“获胜者的奖品”,用定冠词,第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”,用不定冠词a。故选A。‎ ‎【考点】考查冠词。‎ ‎【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task. ‎ A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:他执行一项秘密任务时,给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”;B项“才能”;C项“身份”;D项“财富”。故选C项。‎ ‎【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.‎ A. thought B. support C. protection D. authority ‎【答案】A ‎【2015·江苏】35.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.‎ ‎—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .‎ A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:—Dave,去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做,但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”;B项“借口”;C项“道歉”;D项“遗憾,后悔”。故选C项。‎ ‎【2015·江苏】32.Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.‎ A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:为了与国家的足球改革相适应,一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断,决断”;B项“调整”;C项“评价,评论”;D项“成就”。故选B项。‎ ‎【2015·福建】24.The failure was a big__________to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.‎ A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. Factor ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词辨析A.blow打击;B.issue问题;C.excuse借口;D.factor要素。该句意思为:这个失败对他来说是一个打击,但是他没有泄气,很快振作恢复了原来的热情。故选A ‎【2015·浙江】15. One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.‎ ‎ A. production B. stress C. energy D. passive ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:一种最有效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人谈谈你的想法。A. production意为产品, B. stress意为压力, C. energy意为能源, D. passive意为力量。此题考查的是4个名词的词义辨析,需要正确理解该句的语义。根据常识可以知道,和别人谈心应该来说是减压。所以答案是B. stress意为压力。‎ ‎【2015·四川】5.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.‎ A. a B. an C. the D.不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题考查不定冠词在人名前,表示:一个像…那样的人。故选择A,句意为:Brian在创作音乐上极有才华,他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。‎ ‎【2015·浙江】2. Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for ‎ many years, but one thing or another always got in way.‎ ‎ A. a;不填 B. the;the C. 不填;the D. a;the ‎【答案】D ‎(2014江西卷)22. They chose Tom to be ___captain of the team because they knew he was __smart leader.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题第一空后面的名词captain队长后面有介词短语of the team修饰,表示特指,所以使用定冠词the表示特指。第二空后的可数名词leader前面有形容词smart修饰,用a修饰表示泛指。句义:他们选择Tom作为队长,因为他是一个聪明的领袖。故C正确。‎ ‎ (2014天津卷)8. Life the like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.‎ A. an; the B. the; a C. the ;/ D. / ; a ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】本题第一空使用不定冠词an修饰ocean泛指一个海洋。第二空后的strong-will是一个形容词,在形容词前面加上定冠词the表示“一类人”或者“一类事物”。The strong-willed指意志坚定的人。句义:生活就像是一个海洋,只有意志坚定的人才可以到达彼岸。故A正确。‎ ‎(2014浙江卷 )2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.‎ ‎ A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. a; a D. 不填;the ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本句第一空中的a相当于per;per week每一个星期。第二空使用定冠词the,表示特指long into the night直到深夜。句意:这份论文应该下个月上交,我一个星期要工作七天,而且总是要熬到深夜。故A正确。‎ ‎ 1.(2014湖北卷)22. When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” Joan’s face turned red at the unexpected ______.‎ A. command B. comparison C. compliment D. contribution ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎2.(2014江苏卷)27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in last ‎ year's election.‎ A. symbol B. portrait C. identity D. statue ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题考察的是名词的词义辨析。A象征;标志;符号;记号;代表人物;B肖像;identity身份;statue雕像,塑像;句意:虽然两年前就已遭软禁,她在去年的选举中仍然是势力强大的代表人物。故A正确。‎ ‎ 3.(2014天津卷)3.Wind is now the world’s fastest growing ________ of power.‎ A. source B. sense C. result D. root ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】本题考察的是名词词义辨析。Source根源,来源,源头;sense感觉,知觉;result结果;root根,根源;原因,本质;祖先;句义:风力是现在世界上增长速度最快的电力来源。根据句义可知souce of power指电力来源。故A正确。‎ ‎ 4.(2014浙江卷 )6. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.‎ ‎ A. attempts B. requests C. doubts D. promises ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】名词attempt尝试;企图;request请求;doubt怀疑;promise诺言;我们更喜欢同意那些我们了解和喜欢的人的请求。根据句意说明B项request与上下文语境相符。故B正确。‎
查看更多

相关文章

您可能关注的文档