云南昆明市第一中学2021届高三12月第三次双基检测英语试题 Word版含解析

云南昆明市第一中学2021届高三12月第三次双基检测英语试题 Word版含解析

昆明市第一中学 2021 届高中新课标高三第三次双基检测 英语试卷 满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项: 1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号 在答题卡上填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位 号及科目，在规定的位置上贴好条形码。 2.每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分:听力(共两节,满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的 时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How many languages can Helen speak fluently? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 2. Who might the woman have dinner with tonight? A. Tommy's family. B. Her grandmother. C. Her colleagues in Shanghai. 3. Where are the speakers right now? A. Denver. B. Chicago. C. Philadelphia. 4. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister. 5. What doesn't the man like about the car? A. It's speed. B. It's appearance. C. It's size. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分， 满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出 5 秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6. 7 题。 6. When did the speakers give their mother a book? A. On her birthday. B. On Mother's Day. C. On Christmas Day. 7. What do the speakers decide to give their mother in the end? A. Tickets to the opera. B. A literature experience. C. A personal dance performance. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. Where were the group supposed to meet? A. In the parking lot. B. At the movie theater. C. At the entrance of the mall. 9. Which showing are the speakers late for? A. The 12: 00 one. B. The 12: 10 one. C. The 13: 30 one. 10. Who's paying for the woman's ticket? A. Kate. B. Dave. C. Julia. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. Where are the speakers talking? A. In a classroom. B. On the beach. C. In an apartment. 12. Why did Mary go to Xiamen? A. To escape Wuhan's heal. B. To spend time with her uncle. C. To learn some business skills. 13. What did Mary think about seafood? A. She didn't like it. B. She thought it's terrible. C. She thought it's delicious. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. How old is Katie now? A. Ten years old. B. Thirteen years old. C. Twenty-three years old. 15. What does Katie think of literature? A. Boring. , B. Useful. C. Interesting. 16. What does Katie probably do? A. A magazine editor. B. A student. C. A model. 17. What can Katie do to help her read more? A. Book longer flights. B. Read at least ten pages. C. Read before she goes to bed. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. What's the weather like in Seattle right now? A. Windy and cloudy. B. Warm and sunny. C. Rainy and windy. 19. What'll the temperature be like in Seattle tomorrow? A. A high of fourteen and a low of six. B. A high of fifteen and a low of eleven. C. A high of sixteen and a low of eleven. 20. Which place has the nicest weather right now? A. Seattle. B. Vancouver. C. San Francisco. 第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中， 选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Get started on Airbnb Create your listing Your listing is like an advertisement for your space, so make it as attractive as possible, while being honest about details. ➢Start with basics. Enter details like the location of your place, and the number of bedrooms guests will have access to. ➢Take best photos. Guests love looking through photos when making a decision. Tidy up your space beforehand and use natural light to get quality shots. ➢Highlight unique details. Put stress on what makes your place special. Also, note aspects that might be important to know before booking, like the parking space. Organize the details Your next step will be working out details to make the hosting process run smoothly. ➢Add House Rules. To help guests understand your expectations, add House Rules, including limits on smoking, pets, or parties. ➢Set up calendar. To get reservations only when you're able to host, update your Airbnb Calendar regularly. ➢Choose your price. How much you charge is up to you, but Airbnb has Smart Pricing to help you match price with demand, and Pricing Control for specific requirements. Prepare your space Whether you're expecting your 1st or 100th guest, these steps are to ensure your space is ready. ➢Tidy up. Clean the house, especially bedrooms. Make sure there's no hair or dust and, most importantly, that the beds are with fresh sheets. ➢Store valuables. If you have valuables, store them in storage facility. ➢Consider providing supplies. To help guests feel at home, consider providing shampoo, toilet paper, and towels. It can't hurt to prepare some for guests. ➢Add finishing touches. Cuests love details. Small gifts can make them feel welcome, but definitely aren't required. 1. What may help guests decide on where to stay? A. Parking space. B. Enough bedrooms. C. Convenient location. D. Quality photos. 2. What can house owners use to set prices? A. Smart Pricing. B. Pricing Control. C. Airbnb Calendar. D. House Rules. 3. What must be provided in a hosting house? A. Small gifts. B. A hair drier. C. Storage facility, D. Fresh sheets. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。本文对如何在房屋短租平台 Airbnb 出租房屋进行介绍，并附上了对房主 租房的建议和要求。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Create your listing 中 Take best photos 部分的 “Guests love looking through photos when making a decision. Tidy up your space beforehand and use natural light to get quality shots.” （客人喜欢在做决定时翻看照片。事先整理好你的空间，用自然光拍摄高 质量的照片。）可知，顾客在决定是否预定短租房屋时喜欢浏览照片，所以建议房主提前整 理好房间，并且使用自然光拍出有质量的照片，故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Organize the details 中 Choose your price 部分的“How much you charge is up to you, but Airbnb has Smart Pricing to help you match price with demand, and Pricing Control for specific requirements.”（收费多少由您自己决定，但 Airbnb 的智能定价可 帮助您根据需求进行价格匹配，并可根据具体需求进行定价控制。”）可知，房屋定价取决 于房主，但是 Airbnb 有 Smart Pricing 帮助房主依据房客需求来设定价格，同 时还有 Price Control 帮助房主在房客有特殊要求时定价，故选 A。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Prepare your space 中 Tidy up 部分的“Make sure there’s no hair or dust and, most importantly, that the beds are with fresh sheets.”（确保没有头发和灰尘，最重要的是， 床上有新床单。）可知，房主要确保屋中没有头发和灰尘，而且最重要的是，所有的床铺都 要铺上干净的床单，所以待租房中必须提供的是干净的床单，故选 D。 【点睛】细节理解题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发 问。一般可以在原文中可直接找到答案，常用 who, what, when, where, why 和 how 等提问。 以上三个小题都是细节理解题。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅 读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 B I’m interested in coding and technology, but there’s a huge gender gap in the computing field, meaning girls are in the minority. I wanted to change that. I started the Catwalk Coding Camp where girls learn how to code(编程) light-up accessories (配饰) and show them at a fashion show. I thought the main result would be that some would be interested enough to learn more, but it turned out that the girls were hungry for role models in the field. I’d never seen myself as a role model, but suddenly there were younger girls looking up to me. It made me want to be better. This “role model psychology" doesn’t just change what I do out in the world; it changes what I do for myself. I’m halfway through my first year as a computer science major. To be honest, it’s not always easy! I struggled, and there was a moment when I considered changing my major. Difficult as it is, I survive and move on. Look around the lecture hall and only one third of the students are girls. Then when we break up into sections led by more advanced students, only 2 to 3 sections are run by women. It keeps me going to know that so many girls look up to me. They have decided that if another girl can go into computer science, they can as well. I want to do well so I can become a section leader in years to come, hoping to close the gender gap in the field. 4. What surprised the author after the Catwalk Coding Camp? A. The fashion show turned out to be a success. B. The girls wanted role models in computing field. C. Some girls presented unusual talents for fashion. D. Many girls displayed interest in learning coding. 5. What does the author want to do according to Paragraph 2? A. Change her major in the college. B. Hold more coding camps for girls. C. Make girls feel welcome in the field. D. Help more girls become section leaders. 6. How does the author feel about her first year in college? A. Exhausting. B. Relaxing. C. Discouraging. D. Challenging. 7. What helped the author go through the hard time? A. The admiration from the girls. B. The desire to be a scientist. C. The determination to be better. D. The hunger for knowledge. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者想要改变在计算机领域中存在的巨大的性别差异，于是举办了编程训 练营并成为了女孩们的榜样，也以此不断督促自己进步。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I thought the main result would be that some would be interested enough to learn more, but it turned out that the girls were hungry for role models in the field.（我 认为主要的结果是是使一些对编程足够感兴趣的女生去了解更多相关知识，但结果却表明女 孩们非常渴望在计算机领域找到一个榜样。）”可知，女孩们非常渴望在计算机领域有一个 榜样，这让作者觉得吃惊。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I’d never seen myself as a role model, but suddenly there were younger girls looking up to me. It made me want to be better. This “role model psychology" doesn’t just change what I do out in the world; it changes what I do for myself.（我从未将自己视 为榜样，但突然有更年轻的女孩以我为榜样。这让我想要变得更好。这种“榜样心理”不仅 改变了我想要对世界做的事情；也改变了我想要对自己做的事情。）”可知，作者想要使女 生在计算机领域更受这些女孩们欢迎。故选 C 项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I struggled, and there was a moment when I considered changing my major. Difficult as it is, I survive and move on. （我很挣扎，有一刻我考虑换专业。尽管困 难重重，我还是坚持了下来，继续完成学业。）”可知，作者觉得大学第一年的生活是充满 挑战的。故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It keeps me going to know that so many girls look up to me.They have decided that if another girl can go into computer science, they can as well. I want to do well （这让我知道有很多女孩仰慕我，她们认为，如果另一 个女孩能进入计算机科学，他们同样也能）”可知，让作者能够继续下去的是知道有如此多 的女孩仰慕作者，所以帮助作者度过艰难时光的是来自女孩们的仰慕。故选 A 项。 C The way people purchase clothes has fundamentally changed in response to the “fast fashion", the result of mass -market retailers (零售商) increasing the production of inexpensive fashion lines to meet the demands of quickly changing trends. It is not uncommon for retailers to introduce new products multiple times in a single week to stay on trend. This may seem like a good thing at first glance, but it is causing more problems than it is solving. Workers in factories in underdeveloped areas face mistreatment, including poor working conditions, low wages and forced overtime. So before making a deal, ask retailers questions such as where products are made and how many people work there. Watch for warming signs and use your judgment if something doesn't feel right. Another reason to rethink about the trend has something to do with the impact on our rivers, lakes and oceans. Chemical pollutants are released into waterways every time those clothes are washed. What can be done is as simple as buying from brands known for their preference for using organic materials, because they are trying not to add to the pollution. Besides, people don't keep clothes as long as they used to, and the rate of production to keep up has resulted in tons of waste. It's easy to see at manufacturing (生产) sites the massive wastes. Even holding giant sales or rewarding customers for bringing in second-hand clothes is not enough. Only with enough customers saying “No” to fast fashion can we work toward a better future. 8. Which is a feature of fast fashion? A. Being eco-friendly. B. Affordable prices. C. Guaranteed quality. D. Setting new trends. 9. What might be a warning sign according to Paragraph 2? A. All the workers can take days off in turn. B. The manufacturing sites are too crowded. C. The workers can support their entire families. D. The factory is located in a developed area. 10. What should customers do before purchasing clothes? A. Bring their used clothes for donations. B. Ask manufacturers certain questions. C. Examine the quality of materials used. D. Weigh possible environmental effects. 11. What's the most suitable title for this passage? A. How to Spot the Perfect Clothes B. Customers, Who Change Markets C. Why Fast Fashion is Troublesome D. Say “No" to the Fashion Industry 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了快消时尚的流行带来了很多不良影响，包括工人们的工作状况 和对环境的影响。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的 the way people purchase clothes has fundamentally changed in response to the “fast fashion”, the result of mass -market retailers (零售商) increasing the production of inexpensive fashion lines to meet the demands of quickly changing trends.（随着“快消时尚”的到来，人们购买衣服的方式已经从根本上发生了改变。“快消时尚” 是大众市场零售商为了满足快速变化的潮流需求而增加便宜的时装生产线的结果。）”可知， 快消时尚是市场中零售商增加便宜的生产线以满足人们快速变化的潮流需求，因此快消时尚 的特色之一就是可以负担的价格。故选 B 项。 2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Workers in factories in underdeveloped areas face mistreatment, including poor working conditions, low wages and forced overtime. So before making a deal, ask retailers questions such as where products are made and how many people work there. （欠发达地区工厂的工人们面对着不公对待，包括糟糕的工作环境、低廉的薪水以及 被迫加班，所以在进行交易之前，要向零售商询问相关的问题，诸如产品产地以及有多少人 在工厂中工作。）”可知，B 选项“产地非常拥挤”可以体现工人们的工作环境糟糕，即作者所 说的预警现象。故选 B 项。 3.推理判断题。根据第三段的“Another reason to rethink about the trend has something to do with the impact on our rivers, lakes and oceans. Chemical pollutants are released into waterways every time those clothes are washed. What can be done is as simple as buying from brands known for their preference for using organic materials, because they are trying not to add to the pollution.（另外一个需要反思快消时尚的原因，与它对河流、湖泊、海洋的影响有关。每次 快消品牌的衣服洗后，化学污染物都会被排放到水体中。我们可以做的很简单，购买那些倾 向于使用有机材料的品牌，因为他们试图不要去增加污染。）”可知，我们在购买衣服之前应 该要考虑衣服对环境的潜在影响。故选 D 项。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The way people purchase clothes has fundamentally changed in response to the “fast fashion”, the result of mass -market retailers (零售商) increasing the production of inexpensive fashion lines to meet the demands of quickly changing trends.（随着“快消时尚”的到来，人们购买衣服的方式已经从根本上发生了改变。“快消时尚” 是大众市场零售商为了满足快速变化的潮流需求而增加便宜的时装生产线的结果。）”是对快 消时尚产生的原因分析；第二段中“Workers in factories in underdeveloped areas face mistreatment, including poor working conditions, low wages and forced overtime. （欠发达地区 工厂的工人们面对着不公对待，包括糟糕的工作环境、低廉的薪水以及被迫加班）”和第三 段中“Another reason to rethink about the trend has something to do with the impact on our rivers, lakes and oceans.（另外一个需要反思快消时尚的原因，与它对河流、湖泊、海 洋的影响有关。）”是快消时尚对工人和环境的影响的分析；第四段中“Besides, people don't keep clothes as long as they used to, and the rate of production to keep up has resulted in tons of waste. （此外，人们保存衣服的时间不像以前那么长了，这样的生产速度 导致了大量的浪费。）”是人们使用快消产品造成了浪费；同时结合第五段“Only with enough customers saying “No” to fast fashion can we work toward a better future.（只有有足够多的顾客 对快消时尚说“不”，我们才能朝着更美好的未来努力。）”可知，作者希望通过本文让大家意 识到快消时尚带来很多负面影响，呼吁消费者应该尽量避免快消时尚，因此文章的标题应为 “为什么快消时尚不好”。故选 C 项。 D Microplastics, as the name implies, are tiny plastics that result from both commercial product development and the breakdown of larger plastics. Officially, they are defined as plastics less than five millimeters in diameter(直径). . The problem with microplastics is that — like plastic items of any size — they do not readily break down into harmless molecules (分子). Plastics can take hundreds or thousands of years to decompose, and in the meantime, cause damage to the environment. On beaches, microplastics are visible as tiny colored plastic bits in sand. In the oceans, microplastics pollution is often consumed by sea animals. Some of this environmental pollution is from littering, but much is the result of storms and winds that carry plastics into our oceans. Single-use plastics, plastic items meant to be used just once and then thrown away, are the primary source of microplastics in the environment. Microplastics have been detected in sea animals, in commercial seafood, and even in drinking water. Alarmingly, standard water treatment facilities cannot remove all the traces( 痕迹) of microplastics. To further complicate matters, microplastics in the ocean can combine with other harmful chemicals before being swallowed by animals. Scientists are still unsure whether consumed microplastics do damage to human or animal health - and if so, what specific dangers they may cause. Even so, many countries are taking action to reduce microplastics. A United Nations resolution has discussed the need for rules to reduce microplastics to oceans, wildlife, and human health. 12. What does the underlined word “decompose” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Break down. B. Fade away. . C. Dry up. D. Give out. 13. What can we know about microplastics from Paragraph 4? A. Water treatment facilities fail to remove their traces. B. People might consume them through drinking water. C. They can combine with other chemicals inside animals. D. They have been a blow to commercial seafood industry. 14. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Many governments turn a blind eye to microplastics. B. It has been confirmed that consumed microplastics are harmful. C. Measures will be taken to reduce microplastics in the environment. D. Scientists have known what specific dangers microplastics may cause. 15. The author writes this passage to____________ A. inform the public of an environmental issue B. arouse the awareness of protecting seawater C. persuade scientists to look into microplastics D. introduce the microplastics treatment methods 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了微塑料的相关情况，包括其定义、危害以及国际社会的态度。 【12 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“The problem with microplastics is that — like plastic items of any size — they do not readily break down into harmless molecules (分子). Plastics can take hundreds or thousands of years to decompose, and in the meantime, cause damage to the environment.”（塑料微粒的问题在于——就像任何尺寸的塑料一样——它们不容易分解成无 害的分子。塑料可能需要数百年或数千年才能 decompose，同时，还会对环境造成破坏。） 可知，微塑料和其它任何尺寸的塑料一样，是没有办法立即分解成为无害分子的。塑料需要 花成千上万年才能 decompose，同时还会对环境造成影响，由此可知此处第二句话是对第一 句话的进一步解释，所以 decompose 对应前一句中的 break down，即分解，故选 A。 【13 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 四 段 中 的 “Microplastics have been detected in sea animals, in commercial seafood, and even in drinking water.”（在海洋动物、商业海鲜、甚至饮用水中都发 现了微塑料。）由此推知，人们通过饮用水可能会摄入微塑料，故选 B。 【14 题详解】 推 理 判断 题 。 根据 文 章 第 五段 中 的 “Even so, many countries are taking action to reduce microplastics. A United Nations resolution has discussed the need for rules to reduce microplastics to oceans, wildlife, and human health.”（ 即便如此，许多国家仍在采取行动减少微塑料。联 合国的一项决议讨论了制定规则减少微塑料对海洋、野生动物和人类健康的必要性。）可推 知，减少环境中微塑料的措施将被采取，故选 C。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Microplastics, as the name implies, are tiny plastics that result from both commercial product development and the breakdown of larger plastics.” （微塑料，顾名思义， 是由商业产品开发和大塑料分解产生的微小塑料。）可知本文是对微塑料的介绍在文章中介 绍了其危害。以及最后一段中国际社会的态度“A United Nations resolution has discussed the need for rules to reduce microplastics to oceans, wildlife, and human health.”（联合国的一项决议 讨论了制定规则减少微塑料对海洋、野生动物和人类健康的必要性。）可知写本文的目的是 为告知公众微塑料问题。故选 A。 第二节(共 5 小题:每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Slowly but surely, we're moving closer to the super-fast 5C world that tech companies have been promising us for years. But do we really know it all?___16___ ◆It's not quite here yet. Though we've seen a lot of positive progress, we still have a long way to go before 5G is anywhere near as available as 4G is right now. But most in the industry agree that 2020 is the earliest when 5G will ever begin to touch most consumers. And even then, early 5G networks could come with their fair share of growing pains.___17___ ◆It's not going to be cheap. ___18___Some companies haven't commented on specific pricing yet, but, as most have pointed out, data costs have historically climbed as network speeds increase. There's little reason to think that trend won't continue. It's not all bad news, though. Experts are optimistic that data prices will come down in the long run once 5G starts to be widely available. But it's impossible to say how long that change could take. ◆___19___ It's obvious that 5G networks will bring fast data connections. However, part of its appeal is that it makes It's obvious that 5G networks will bring fast data connections. However, part of its appeal is that it makes mobile networks better, meaning that networks can support many more data connections than what was previously possible. Have you ever been to an event where your data connection slowed down or stopped working?___20___ But 5G networks have a much higher ability to support up to a million devices per square kilometer. A. It's really, really fast. B. It's not just about speed. C. Extra speed comes at a higher cost. D. Here are three major disadvantages of 5G. E. Let's clear out some misunderstandings about it. F. That's because present networks can easily be overloaded. G. Unbalanced coverage or negative effects on battery life may arise. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文旨在消除人们对 5G 通讯技术存在的几点误解。 【16 题详解】 本空前的相关内容引入文章话题：“Slowly but surely, we're moving closer to the super-fast 5C world that tech companies have been promising us for years.”（缓慢但肯定的是，我们正朝着超 快的 5C 世界靠拢，这是科技公司多年来一直向我们承诺的。）可知，人们已经逐渐步入 5G 通信时代。但是人们真的对 5G 通信技术全然了解吗？同时后文的三个小标题内容列出了 人们对于 5G 通信技术常见的误区，故此空起承上启下作用，表明本文的写作 目的是消除大家对 5G 通讯技术的误解，故选 E。 【17 题详解】 本空为小标题段落的结尾。本段的主题是“It's not quite here yet.”（5G 时代现还暂未真正到 来。）。早期的 5G 通讯网络会存在一些发展问题，故本空应该是对早期 5G 网络存在的问 题进行举例，即不均衡的网络覆盖或对电池寿命的不良影响都可能会出现，故选 G。 【18 题详解】 本空为小标题段落的第一句话，应为该部分内容的总起句。本段的主题是“It's not going to be cheap.”（5G 通信技术并不便宜）。故该空应对此标题进行进一步的说明，即增加的速度也 将伴随更高昂的费用。同时本空后也讲了一些通讯公司虽暂未具体定价，但很多公司也指出 数据成本将会随着网络速度的提升而增加，故选 C。 【19 题详解】 本空为段落小标题。结合文章首段和前两个小标题可知，此空应该是人们对 5G 通讯技术 存 在 的 误 解 ， 同 时结 合 该 部 分 第 一 句 “It's obvious that 5G networks will bring fast data connections. ”（很明显，5G 网络将带来快速的数据连接）可知，此空应该是人们对 5G 通 讯技术方面的误解，即 5G 网络并不只关于速度，故选 B。 【20 题详解】 本空为小标题段落的中间部分。由空格前一句话“Have you ever been to an event where your data connection slowed down or stopped working?”（你有没有经历过数据连接减速甚至停止工 作的情况？）可知，本空应回答出现此情况的原因，即当前的网络很轻易就会出现过载状况， 故选 F。 第三部分:语言知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题:每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中， 选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Axel Winch was born premature (早产的) . And the doctors didn't think he'd___21___ it. Axel's health was in___22___ condition over the few weeks in the hospital in Grand Junction owing to the failure of his lungs. Doctors decided to send Axel to Children's Hospital Colorado in Aurora. The travel felt___23___because the baby was on a four-hour ride from home. Fortunately, aid was___24___. The police department in Grand Junction___25___the officers they knew in Aurora. Soon, members of the Aurora police department crowded with offers of help.“We were deeply___26___with the support from people we didn't know, ”Adam, Axel's father, said. But then things got___27___again. After weeks in Aurora, Axel's parents had to___28___return to Grand Junction on two separate occasions. First, their housing contract was___29___， so they had to return to renew it. And Adam's leave had been ___30___, so he had to return to work for a few days. The parents ___31___to depart from their son, who was facing further surgeries. Axel's mother___32___ the whole way back to Grand Junction. But a helping hand appeared again. An Aurora policeman, Mike Pitrusu, set up a___33___ for his officers to spend time with Axel 一 morning, afternoon, and night. More than 20 officers___34___ sang Axel songs and held him gently as his health___35___ improved in the following days. They___36___the photos of Axel to his parents on the phone.“It meant the word to us, ”Adam told 11 News. It meant the world to the police too. A detective, whose feeling had been___37___ by the terrible cases of child abuse, said, “My soul was heavy from dealing with the most terrible things on the job, but the watch___38___ me." After four months in the hospital, Axel was___39___ enough to go home.“He has grown into almost a normal and healthy baby,” Adam said. “We're just seeing so many___40___. 21. A. make B. take C. catch D. help 22. A. unbelievable B. uncomfortable C. unstable D. unbearable 23. A. disgusting B. worrying C. annoying D. boring 24. A. out of control B. under discussion C. on the way D. out of the question 25. A. instructed B. convinced C. employed D. contacted 26. A. puzzled B. affected C. attracted D. influenced 27. A. tough B. smooth C. easy D. unclear 28. A. merrily B. desperately C. abruptly D. briefly 29. A. illegal B. due C. ineffective D. unfair 30. A. run out of B. put off C. approved of D. applied for 31. A. sought B. failed C. hated D. refused 32. A. complained B. sobbed C. whistled D. whispered 33. A. project B. system C. goal D. schedule 34. A. in turn B. in return C. with interest D. with embarrassment 35. A. narrowly B. swiftly C. totally D. gradually 36. A. texted B. bought C. returned D. delivered 37. A. exposed B. hidden C. hurt D. ignored 38. A. bothered B. alarmed C. astonished D. cured 39. A. brave . B. mature . C. strong D. heavy 40. A. contributions B. wonders C. donations D. achievements 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个名叫 Axel Winch 的早产儿，由于身体状况非常糟糕，转 院到了离家很远的一所医院。转院之后，Axel Winch 一家人得到了当地警察的帮助，Axel Winch 的身体也逐渐康复起来。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生认为他活不下去了。A. make 制造；B. take 带走；C. catch 抓住；D. help 帮助。根据下文“Axel’s health was in unstable condition over the few weeks in the hospital in Grand Junction owing to the failure of his lungs.”可知，由于肺部感染，Axel 的身体 状 况非常糟糕，所以医生们认为他可能熬不过去了。make it 的意思是“成功”。 故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于肺部衰竭，Axel 在 Grand Junction 的医院里住了几个星 期，他的健康状况一直不稳定。A. unbelievable 难以置信的；B. uncomfortable 不舒服的；C. unstable 不稳定的；D. unbearable 无法忍受的。根据本句中的“owing to the failure of his lungs”， 可知，肺部感染导致 Axel 的身体状况非常糟糕。从下一句“Doctors decided to send Axel to Children’s Hospital Colorado in Aurora.”可知，Axel 要转院接受进一步的治疗。根据以上内容， 可得出结论：Axel Winch 的身体处于“不稳定”的状况。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这趟旅行让人担心，因为孩子离家要坐四个小时的车程。A. disgusting 令人厌恶的；B. worrying 担心的；C. annoying 烦人的；D. boring 无聊的。根据本 句中的“the baby was on a four-hour ride from home”可知，转院的路程较长。这对于一个身体 状况不稳定的早产儿来说，是“令人担心的”。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，援助即将到达。A. out of control 失控；B. under discussion 讨论中；C. on the way 在路上；D. out of the question 不可能。根据下文“The police department in Grand Junction contacted the officers they knew in Aurora. Soon, members of the Aurora police department crowded with offers of help.”可 知，后来很多警察前来 帮助这一家人，所以此空应表达“帮助即将到达”。故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Grand Junctio 的警察局联系了他们在 Aurora 认识的警察。A. instructed 指导；B. convinced 说服；C. employed 雇佣；D. contacted 联系。根据本句“The police department in Grand Junction contacted the officers they knew in Aurora. Soon, members of the Aurora police department crowded with offers of help.”可 知，警察局在“联系”了 一些他们认识的警察之后，他们纷纷过去帮忙。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们被不认识的人的支持深深地感动了。A. puzzled 迷惑；B. affected 影响，(感情上)深深打动；C. attracted 吸引；D. influenced 影响。根据本句中的“with the support from people we didn’t know”可知，由于得到了很多人 的帮助，Axel 的父母非常 “感动”。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来事情又变得艰难起来。A. tough 艰难的，棘手的；B. smooth 光滑的；C. easy 容易的；D. unclear 不清楚的。根据下文“After weeks in Aurora, Axel’s parents had to briefly return to Grand Junction on two separate occasions.”可知，由于有事，Axel 的父 母要暂时回家一段时间，所以在 孩子身体尚未康复的时候，父母的离开使得事情变得“艰 难”。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在 Aurora 待了几个星期后，Axel Winch的父母不得不在两个不 同的场合短暂返回 Grand Junction 。A. merrily 快乐地；B. desperately 绝望地；C. abruptly 突然地；D. briefly 简要地，短暂地。根据下文“First, their housing contract was due, so they had to return to renew it. And Adam’s leave had been run out of, so he had to return to work for a few days”可知，Axel 的父母需要回家办事，一件事是续签住房合同，另一件事是 回去工作几天。所以他们 办的事情不会耽误很长时间，只是“短暂地”。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，他们的住房合同到期了，所以他们不得不回去续签。A. illegal 违法的；B. due 到期的；C. ineffective 无效果的；D. unfair 不公平的。根据本句中的“so they had to return to renew it”可知，Axel 的父母回家去续签合同。 这就说明他家的住房合同 “到期了”。故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：亚当的假期已经用完了，所以他不得不回去工作几天。A. run out of 用光；B. put off 推迟，拖延；C. approved of 赞成；D. applied for 申请。根据本句中的“so he had to return to work for a few days”可知，Adam 要回去工作几 天，是由于他请的假到期 限了。run out of 的意思是“用光，用尽”。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对父母不愿离开他们的儿子，因为他正面临着进一步的手术。 A. sought 寻找；B. failed 失败；C. hated 厌恶；D. refused 拒绝。根据本句中的“who was facing further surgeries”可知，Axel 还有手术要做，所以他的父母是非常厌恶和他分开的。故选 C。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Axel 的母亲哭了一路回到 Grand Junction.。A. complained 抱怨； B. sobbed 抽噎；C. whistled 吹口哨；D. whispered 小声说。根据上句“The parents hated to depart from their son, who was facing further surgeries.”可知，Axel 还有手术要做，在这种情况下和 他分开，他的父母很难过。他的母亲在回 家的路上“哭”了一路。故选 B。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Aurora 的一位警察 Mike Pitrusu 为他的警察制定了一个时间表， 让他们每天早上、下午和晚上都能和 Axel 在一起。A. project 项目；B. system 系统；C. goal 目标；D. schedule 日程安排。根据本句中的“morning, afternoon, and night”可知，Mike 安排 了“时间表”，让警察 们轮流照顾 Axel。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：随后的几天里，随着他的健康状况逐渐好转，20 多名警官轮流 给 Axel 唱歌，轻轻地抱着他。A. in turn 轮流；B. in return 作为回报；C. with interest 带着兴 趣；D. with embarrassment 尴尬地。根据前句“An Aurora policeman, Mike Pitrusu, set up a schedule for his officers to spend time with Axel — morning, afternoon, and night.” 可知，Mike 安排了“时间表”，让警察们“轮流”照顾 Axel。故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随后的几天里，随着他的健康状况逐渐好转，20 多名警官轮流 给 Axel 唱歌，轻轻地抱着他。A. narrowly 勉强地；B. swiftly 迅速地；C. totally 完全地；D. gradually 逐 渐 地。 根据最后一段第一句“After four months in the hospital, Axel was strong enough to go home.”可知，在警察们的悉心照料下，Axel“逐渐”恢复了健康。故选 D。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在电话里把 Axel 的照片发短信给他的父母。A. texted 发短 信；B. bought 买；C. returned 归还；D. delivered 传送。根据本句“the photos of Axel to his parents on the phone.”可知，为了让 Axel 的父母安心，警察们在照顾孩子的同时，把孩子的照片通 过电话“发短信”给他们。故 选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个侦探，他的感情被可怕的虐待儿童案件伤害了，他说：“我 的灵魂因处理工作中最可怕的事情而沉重，但看到的景象治愈了我。”A. exposed 暴露；B. hidden 隐藏；C. hurt 伤害；D. ignored 忽视。 根据本句中的“My soul was heavy from dealing with the most terrible things on the job” 可知，对于这个侦探来说，在处理工作中的那些可怕 的案件时，他的心情很沉重，而 且心理曾受到“伤害”。故选 C。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个侦探，他的感情被可怕的虐待儿童案件伤害了，他说：“我 的灵魂因处理工作中最可怕的事情而沉重，但看到的景象治愈了我。”A. bothered 使(某人) 烦恼；B. alarmed 警告；C. astonished 使十分惊讶；D. cured 治愈。根据前文“It meant the world to the police too”可知，看护 Axel 对警察们来说，意义也很大。同时根据本句中的“My soul was heavy from dealing with the most terrible things on the job, but the watch cured me.”可知，对于这个侦探来说，在处理工作中的那些可 怕的案件时，他的心情很沉重，而 且心理曾受到“伤害”，但是看护这个孩子“治愈” 了他受伤的心。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院住了四个月后，Axel 长大了。A. brave 勇敢的；B. mature 成熟的；C. strong 强壮的；D. heavy 重 的。根据下文“He has grown into almost a normal and healthy baby”可知，经过治疗，出院 时 Axel 的身体很“结实”。故选 C。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到了这么多奇迹。A. contributions 贡献；B. wonders 奇迹； C. donations 捐赠；D. achievements 成 就。根据本文可知，早产儿 Axel 由于身体状况非常 糟糕，转院到了离家很远的一所医院。 转院之后，Axel 一家人得到了当地警察的帮助， Axel 的身体也逐渐康复起来。 所以说，他们一家人见证了许多“奇迹”。故选 B。 第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内的正确形式。 Everyone has a story to tell. Join one of the___41___ ( good) authors, Jane Garland, on her writing website and you___42___ (learn) how to tell your story and write to make a difference. Jane is a writer, professor and editor, known for her honest and ___43___(thought) writing on love, life, culture and more. She is the author of six essay collections, where the best- sling Different Lives as well as Lines Sweet Life___44___(include). How does such powerful writing come into being?___45___ ( certain) , this one-hour online class shows how you can transform your story___46___ a powerful personal essay. Learn how to connect with the people you want to reach.___47___she shares her methods of writing, Jane will teach you to take yourself seriously as a writer, share your passion and make___48___ impact on the world around you.___49___(fi1l) with practical guidance, clever methods and example essays, eight video lessons will take you from the first idea to a final work ___50___ ( publish) in the coming future. 【答案】41. best 42. will learn 43. thoughtful 44. is included 45. Certainly 46. into 47. When 48. an 49. Filled 50. to be published 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了 Jane Garland 的写作网站。 【41 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：与“最佳作家之一”Jane Garland 一起在她的写作网站上学习，你 将学习如何讲故事和写作。one of 后接形容词最高级。故填 best。 【42 题详解】 考查时态。句意：与“最佳作家之一”Jane Garland 一起在她的写作网站上学习，你将学习如 何讲故事和写作。分析句子可知，“祈使句 + and + 含有一般将来时的陈述句”是固定句式， 表示真实条件句，因此陈述句使用一般将来时。故填 will learn。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Jane 是一位作家，教授和编辑，以其关于爱情，生活，文化等的真诚而 周到的写作而著称。分析句子可知，此处使用形容词 thoughtful 作定语修饰名词 writing。故 填 thoughtful。 【44 题详解】 考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：她是六个散文集的作者，其中包括最出色的《不同生活》 和《甜蜜的生活》。分析句子可知，由 as well as 连接的名词或者代词，谓语动词与 as well as 之前的名词或者代词保持一致。根据书名 Different Lives，谓语动词用单数。根据句意可知， Lives Sweet Life 和 Different Lives 都被包括在了作者的文章集锦里，故使用被动语态。故填 is included。 【45 题详解】 考查副词。句意：当然，这一小时的在线课程显示了如何将你的故事转变成一篇有力的个人 文章。分析句子可知，此处使用 certain 副词性形式 certainly 放在句首，修饰整个句子，且 首字母需大写。故填 Certainly。 【46 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：当然，这一小时的在线课程显示了如何将你的故事转变成一篇有力的 个人文章。分析句子可知，“transform…into…”是固定搭配意为“把……转变成……”。故填 into。 【47 题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：当她分享她的写作方法时 ，简会教你认真把自己对待成作家，教你 分享你的激情，并对周围的世界产生影响。分析句子可知，这是一个时间状语从句，使用连 词 when 引导从句部分，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填 when。 【48 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：当她分享她的写作方法时 ，简会教你认真把自己对待成作家，教你 分享你的激情，并对周围的世界产生影响。分析句子可知，“make an impact on”是固定搭配 意为“对……有影响”。故填 an。 【49 题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：包含实用指导、聪明的方法和示例文章，八节视频课程将带你从最初 的想法到即将出版的最终作品。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词 will take，因此此处使用 非谓语动词形式，且逻辑主语与 fill 之间为被动关系，使用过去分词 filled，且位于句首首字 母需大写。故填 Filled。 【50 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：包含实用指导、聪明的方法和示例文章，八节视频课程将带你从最初的 想法到即将出版的最终作品。分析句子可知，此处表示未来的动作，使用 to do 不定式作后 置定语修饰限定 final work，且逻辑主语 final work 与 publish 之间为被动关系。故填 to be published。 【点睛】 第四部分:写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节:短文改错(共 10 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) . 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、 删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(Ʌ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均限一词; 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Today I'd like to talk about the approaches to express love to parents. Recently I have moved by an advertisement, that encourages people to go home more often. I think it doesn't cost too many to show our love to our parents. First, do not just visit them during holidays or at weekends. Second, it is suggested that we must take them to travel, making them relaxed. Finally, we'd better to have a chat with them, hoping to exchange idea with them. With a word, it's never too late to express their love to parents. It's why our parents need care and love from us. 【答案】1. express → expressing 2.have 后 加 been 3. that → which 4. many → much 5. 删除 must 或把 must 改→ should 6. 删除 to 7. idea → ideas 8. With → In 9.their → our 10. why → because 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文，主要谈论向父母表达爱的方法。 【详解】1.考查动名词。句意：今天我想谈谈向父母表达爱的方法。分析句子可知，approaches 后面的 to 是介词，approach to doing sth.“做某事的方法”，所以后面接动名词 expressing。 故将 express 改为 expressing。 2.考查时态和语态。句意：最近我被一则鼓励人们多回家的广告所感动。根据句意，主语 we 与动词 move 是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故在 have 后面加 been。 3. 考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词。句意：最近我被一则鼓励人们多回家的广告所感动。 分析句子可知，从句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 advertisement，从句中缺主语。所以用 which 引导。故将 that 改为 which。 4.考查副词。句意：我认为向父母表达我们的爱并不会花费太多。cost too much 的意思是“花 费太多”。too much 指的是程度。所以用副词 much。故将 many 改为 much 。 5.考查虚拟语气。句意：其次，建议我们应该带他们去旅行，让他们放松。动词 suggest 后 的宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，结构为：suggest (that) sb. should do 或把 should 省略。 故将 must 删除或将 must 改为 should。 6.考查固定搭配。句意：最后，我们最好和他们谈谈，希望能和他们交换意见。根据短语 had better do“最好做某事”可知，应用动词原形。故删除 to 。 7.考查名词的复数形式。句意：最后，我们最好和他们谈谈，希望能和他们交换意见。idea“想 法”为可数名词，根据语境，我们和父母交流想法，所以想法不止一个，故 idea 用复数。 故将 idea 改为 ideas。 8.考查固定搭配。句意：总之，向父母表达爱意永远不嫌晚。in a word 是固定搭配，意思是 “总之”。故将 With 改为 In。 9.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：总之，向父母表达爱意永远不嫌晚。根据上文语境可知， 应是“表达我们对父母的爱”。故将 their 改为 our 。 10.考查表语从句的连词。句意：这是因为我们的父母需要我们的关心和爱。父母需要从孩 子身上得到关爱，这是我们表达对父母的爱的原因。故将 why 改为 because。 第二节:书面表达(满分 25 分) 52. 假如你是李华，下个月即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。得知你的美国网友 Frank 参 加了“国际中学生演讲比赛”，并获得了一等奖。请你给他写封信，要点如下: . 1.表示祝贺; 2.讨教参赛经验; 3.请他帮你的演讲稿提出建议。 注意:1.词数 100 左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Frank, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Frank, Learning that you have won the first place in the International Students’ Speech Contest, I’m writing to offer my sincere congratulations on your success. It’s great that your years of hard work has paid off. I’m going to take part in an English Speech Contest next month. While English has always been one of my best subjects, I have no experience in how to deliver an English speech, which worries me a lot. I’m wondering if you could take the trouble to share me with your competition experience and help me with my speech draft. Congratulations again! And I would appreciate a response at your early convenience. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国网友 Frank 写信，祝贺他获得第一名并请他给自 己的英语演讲稿一点建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.表示祝贺; 2.讨教参赛经验; 3.请他帮你的演讲稿提出建议。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） win the first place;offer one's sincere congratulations on ; pay off; take part in; have no experience in; share with 第三步：连词成句 1.Learning that you have won the first place in the International Students’ Speech Contest, I’m writing to offer my sincere congratulations on your success. 2. It’s great that your years of hard work has paid off. 3. I’m going to take part in an English Speech Contest next month. 4.While English has always been one of my best subjects, I have no experience in how to deliver an English speech, which worries me a lot. 5. I’m wondering if you could take the trouble to share me with your competition experience and help me with my speech draft. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all 2.表并列补充关系：What is more 3.表转折对比关系：However 4.表因果关系：So 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 【点睛】[高分句型 1] It’s great that your years of hard work has paid off. 使用 it 作形式主语。 [高分句型 2]While English has always been one of my best subjects, I have no experience in how to deliver an English speech, which worries me a lot. 使用 while 引导让步状语从句。 [高分句型 3]I’m wondering if you could take the trouble to share me with your competition experience and help me with my speech draft.使用 if 引导宾语从句。