20132018高考英语试题分项版解析专题03形容词和副词含解析

申明敬告: 本站不保证该用户上传的文档完整性,不预览、不比对内容而直接下载产生的反悔问题本站不予受理。

文档介绍

20132018高考英语试题分项版解析专题03形容词和副词含解析

专题03 形容词和副词 ‎2019年高考题 ‎【2019·江苏】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.‎ A. keen B. reluctant C. anxious D. ready ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:尽管旅馆服务不好,经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的;B. reluctant不情愿的;C. anxious渴望的;D. ready准备好的。故选B。‎ 点睛:本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此,考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。同时,考生应注意多积累由形容词组成的固定短语。本题中4个选择项中都可以与to连用。be keen to渴望;be reluctant to不情愿做;be anxious to急于;be ready to乐意,再分析句意可以得出答案。‎ ‎2019年高考题 ‎【2019·江苏卷】29. Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death ,smart –phones defeated _______ PCs in sales.‎ A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional ‎ ‎【答案】D 考点:考查形容词的辨析 ‎【2019·江苏卷】34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.‎ A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查形容词的辨析。A. alternative可供替代的;B. aggressive好斗的,有进取心的;C. ambiguous ‎ 有野心的,耗时的;D. apparent显而易见的。句意:恐龙的消失未必是由天体灾害引起的,但是也很难找 到其它的解释。故选A。‎ 考点:考查形容词的辨析 ‎【2019·天津卷】3. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.‎ ‎—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.‎ A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available ‎【答案】D 考点:考查形容词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】英语中形容词的考查主要是考查形容词的词义辨析和对语境的理解。本句中的语境很明显,根据空前的对不起和空后的原因的解释,说明怀特先生没有空,即现在很忙。‎ ‎2019年高考题 ‎1.【2019·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.‎ A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的,清楚的;ambiguous模棱两可的,含糊不清的;original原始的,最初的;arbitrary任意的,专制的;句意:对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据,他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。‎ 考点:考查形容词词义辨析 ‎2.【2019·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.‎ A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的,清楚的;ambiguous模棱两可的,含糊不清的;original原始的,最初的;arbitrary任意的,专制的;句意:对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据,他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。‎ 考点:考查形容词词义辨析 ‎3.【2019·浙江】16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.‎ A. specific B. permanent C. abstract D. universal ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:在文章中,你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。A.具体,明确的;B.永久的;C.抽象的;D.全球的,共通的。故选A。‎ 考点:考查形容词辨析。 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】把相似、相近的词语或结构放在一起作为干扰选项,若我们基础知识掌握不牢就难于区分。解答这类题目,关键是理解题干意思以及各选项副词的意思,可以像数学中的代入法一样,依次把各个选项意思放入句子中进行比较,不难选出正确答案。还有抓住句中的关键词general和specific对应。‎ ‎2019年高考题 ‎1.【2019·浙江】13. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.‎ A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查副词 ‎【名师点睛】 这个句式含有一个If 引导的状语从句,understand引导的宾语从句,一个非谓语短语作后置定语(put into our mouths),在解题的需要能够一一划分并区别开来。副词的作用是修饰形容词,动词,副词或句子,本题修饰的词是be alive,位置位于两个单词之间。‎ ‎2.【2019·浙江】14. Listening is thus an active, not a , behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.‎ A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:因此听是一种主动的,而不是被动的行为。它包含听,理解和记忆。A. considerate意为考虑周全的, B. sensitive意为敏感的,C. reliable意为可靠的,D. passive意为被动的。根据not可以知道前后是反义表达,所以选D。此题的关键是有一个not这是表示否定的,这表明跟前面的active是反义的关系,根据4个选项的意思不能得出答案是 D. passive被动的。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查形容词 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分的能力以及关注关键词not的能力。此句含有一个not a _______是插入语的句式,一个非谓语句式consisting of做后置定语。这是一个长句,去掉多余成分之后,它的主干句是Listening is an active behavior. 其中Thus是副词,作状语。And 连接三个相同结构hearing, understanding 和remembering .‎ ‎3.【2019·四川】9.Little Tom sat watching the monkey dancing in front of him.‎ A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. to amaze ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查形容词作状语 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查了形容词担当状语这一用法。形容词担当状语这一现象,很多考生都觉得难以理解。其实形容词担当状语通常不表达动作的方式,而表达了主语的状态等。故此题需要和主语little Tom保持一致,所以选择C,指小Tom感到很惊奇。‎ ‎4.【2019·四川】7.Andy is content with the toy. It is he has ever got.‎ A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查最高级和比较级。根据上一句话可知,Andy对这个玩具很满意,故选择D,意为:这是他曾得到的最好的玩具。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查最高级和比较级 ‎【名师点睛】本句考查了形容词最高级和比较级之间的区别。比较级是和其他事物进行比较,但是本题中只出现了一个玩具,见上文出现的the toy,故比较级不合适,即选项A、B是错误的。而根据修饰最高级用定冠词the这一用法可推断出,选择D。‎ ‎5.【2019·福建】23.It was________of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.‎ A. careless B. considerate C. patient D. generous ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查形容词辨析A.careless不小心的;B.considerate体贴的;C.Patient有耐心的;D.generous慷慨的。该句意思为:麦克真是体贴,他通知我们他会迟点来以防我们着急。故选B ‎【考点定位】考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查形容词辨析,要求学生掌握大纲内每个形容词的意义及用法。在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思,才能明确的判断出用来形容某人或者某事物的词语。当然明确辨析出各个形容词的含义也是很重要的,可以通过正反意词结合起来的记忆,也可以通过前缀、后缀来进行辨析。‎ ‎6.【2019·江苏】31.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case.‎ A. comprehensive B. complicated C. conscious D. crucial ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】形容词词义辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此,考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。同时,考生应注意多积累由形容词组成的固定短语。例如:conduct a comprehensive review“进行一次综合审查”,a comprehensive knowledge of “广泛的知识”,“comprehensive evaluation“综合评价”。‎ ‎7.【2019·安徽】26.I’m so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.‎ ‎ A. special B. superior C. grateful D. attractive ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:我非常感激所有的志愿者,因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A特殊的;B优秀的,比......好的;C感激的;D有吸引力的。根据句意可知,这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情,故选C。【考点定位】考查形容词辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查形容词辨析。首先,要理解四个词的意思,这四个词的意思分别是“特殊的”;“优秀的”;“感激的”和“有吸引力的”;其次要结合句意来判断应该使用那一个词最贴切。根据“they helped...”可知,“我”是在表达感激之情。‎ ‎8.【2019·安徽】31.They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies. ‎ A. legally B. sincerely C. personally D. deliberately ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查副词辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查副词辨析,需要考生认识所给的四个副词,之后才能结合句意选出正确答案。四个词的意思是“合法地”;“真诚地”;“个人地”和“故意地”。根据“or through their companies”可以判断空白处指的是“以个人的名义”。‎ ‎9.【2019·湖北】29.The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.‎ A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:那个女孩过去很害羞,但现在团队合作越来越积极,(比以前)更愿意表达自己的想法。‎ A项“逐渐地”;B项“通常,经常”;C项“以前”;D项“仅仅”。故选A项。‎ ‎【考点定位】副词词义辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析副词词义的能力。考生可根据“人的性格改变是需要一个过程的”这一常识迅速锁定正确选项,也可以根据题干中的关键词“used to be shy”和“and is more willing to express herself”这两个时态推知她的性格在逐渐改变。考生要注意used to的言外之意,意为“过去常常”, 暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态,强调“今昔之比”。‎ ‎10.【2019·湖北】27.Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.‎ A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓,如果他想要准时的话,还是必须快点。A项“精确的”;B项“守时的,准时的”;C项“有效率的”;D项“合理的”。故选D项。‎ ‎【考点定位】形容词词义辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此,考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。根据题干中的关键词“hurry a little”可推知他想要准时(守时)。考生容易误选C项efficient“有效率的”,侧重指积极有效,效率高,效果好,节省精力。指人时,强调其能干、熟练的技巧。‎ ‎11.【2019·湖北】28.I don’t think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.‎ A. faithful B. parallel C. relevant D. similar ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】形容词词义辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。四个选项都有“be+adj.+to”的用法,但意义相差较大。根据题干中的关键词“missed the point(跑题,没抓住要点)”可推知他所说的和话题无关。 ‎ ‎2019年试题 专题03形容词和副词 ‎1.【2019·全国大纲卷】27. Raymond’s parents wanted him to have_______ possible education.‎ A. good B. better C.best D. the best ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查形容词比较级的用法。句意:Raymond的父母想让他接受最好的教育。形容词最高级前加the是解题关键。‎ 考点:考查形容词比较级的用法。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题与2019年四川卷第7题类似.Andy is content with the toy. It is the best he has ever got. 在这里简单的介绍一下比较级和最高级。比较级:当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时,就需要用到形容词比较级。其结构是: A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B. e.g. Jackei is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackei 最高级:三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时,需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是:A + be + the 形容词最高级 + of / in + 比较范围. (Note: 形容词最高级前面要加定冠词 the) e.g. Jackei is the tallest in our class. or Jackei is the tallest of all the students ‎2.【2019·全国大纲卷】34.Henry was away from home for quite a bit and _______ saw his family.‎ A. frequently B. seldom C. always D. usually ‎【答案】B 考点:考查副词词义辨析。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查副词辨析。关键是抓住题干中的Henry was away from home“海瑞离家很远”,根据情理可以推断他很少看到家人,再联系选项就可以选出正确答案。always,usually,often,sometimes, seldom和never都是用来表示时间的频度副词,但它们所表示的动作频率不同. 通常说来,always表示100%,usually表示80%,often表示60%,sometimes表示40%,seldom表示20%,never表示0%.‎ ‎3.【2019·全国大纲卷】35.—What did you do last weekend?‎ ‎—Oh,nothing________.‎ A. much B. else C. ever D. yet ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查副词的用法。句意:——上个周末做什么了?——噢,没做什么。此处nothing much意为:没什么。根据句意选A。此处much 多; else其他的; ever 曾经;yet还。‎ 考点:考查副词的用法。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题中nothing much是固定搭配,意为“没做什么”,另外,副词much修饰动词、过去分词时作“十分”解:We all love Beijing very much. 我们大家都非常热爱北京。③“much(副词)+比较级”作“„„得多”解:1. The sun is much large than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多了。2. This problem seems much more difficult than that one. 这道题似乎比那道题难得多。‎ ‎4.【2019·江西卷】23 Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t have found it ___.‎ A. nowhere B. however C. otherwise D. instead ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:由后句情态动词完成否定式wouldn’t have found可知是对过去发生情况的一种反面虚拟。Otherwise要不然,因此C选项正确。Nowhere没什么地方;however然而;instead代替 均不符合题意。句意为“ 感谢你告诉我们怎么去那栋房子。要不然那时我们可找不到的。”‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ 信息隐含句式中的虚拟语气的表现手法(即含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气)有①with, without和but for介词短语代替了条件状语从句时所隐含的虚拟语气 如:Without your aid,they couldn’t have finished the task ahead of time.② otherwise, or, or else, but等副词、连词或独立主格结构,代替了条件状语从句时所隐含的虚拟语气 如:I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.‎ 考点:考查虚拟语气 ‎【名师点睛】本句中含有虚拟语气从句,像这种含蓄虚拟条件句的关键词还有:without、or。如:1、Without ‎ your help, I couldn't have finished the work on time 2、I was busy that day . Otherwise , I would have come to see you. 句中的Otherwise 是个暗示条件的单个词,相当于条件句子if I had not been busy that day ,这是一个与过去事实相反的条件句,所以后面用would have come。又如:I am glad I studied. Otherwise , I would have failed . (otherwise = if I had not studied) ,另外,除了副词otherwise 外,常见的还有连词or 等。如:They liked the apartment or they wouldn't have stayed so long.(or = if they hadn't liked the apartment),现在考试越来越趋于各种语法知识的混合考查,考生要仔细审题。‎ ‎5.【2019·福建卷】24. With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) way of reaching target customers.‎ A. temporary B. complex C. accurate D. efficient ‎【答案】D 考点:考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查形容词辨析,要求学生掌握大纲内每个形容词的意义及用法。在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的意思,“互联网迅速发展”,才能判断出该用哪个形容词来修饰“way”‎ ‎。当然明确辨析出各个形容词的含义也是很重要的,可以通过正反意词结合起来的记忆,也可以通过形式类似归纳来进行辨析。‎ ‎6.【2019·湖北卷】What was so _____about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.‎ A. awful B. essential C. impressive D. obvious ‎【答案】C 考点:考查形容词的辨析及语境理解。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分的能力。此句是what引导的主语从句,这是一个长句,what was so _____about Jasmine Westland’s victory是主语,was that 构成系表结构,联系题干的意思“她光脚获得了马拉松的第一”,不难推断出这是令人印象深刻的记忆。故选C。考生要特别关注多项语法知识交叉考查。‎ ‎7.【2019·湖北卷】Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______smile and let him go.‎ A. cautious B. grateful C. tolerant D. wild ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意上,“而不是责备那个打碎花瓶的男孩,她给了他一个____微笑并让他走了。”A项表示“小心的,谨慎的”;B项表示“感激的”;C项表示“容忍的”而D项表示“野蛮的”。根据句意“容忍的”可以用在这,故选C。‎ 考点:考查形容词的辨析及语境理解 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查形容词辨析。首先,要理解四个词的意思,这四个词的意思分别是A项表示“小心的,谨慎的”;B项表示“感激的”;C项表示“容忍的”而D项表示“野蛮的”;其次要结合句意来判断应该使用哪一个词最贴切。根据“Instead of blaming...”可知,她没有责怪小男孩,而是很宽容的。‎ ‎8.【2019·湖北卷】Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said___ ,“Don’t be so mean,’’ pointing a finger of warning at her.‎ A. dreadfully B. guiltily C. indirectly D. sharply ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意上,“Sabrina 一说完话Albert就严厉的说,不要这么吝啬,并手指着她”。根据句意中的“Don’t be so mean”以及用手指指的动作来看所选的副词的意思肯定是程度上很严肃的。A项表示“可怕地”;B项表示“愧疚的”;C项是“间接地 ”而D表示“尖锐的,严厉的”,故选D。‎ 考点:考查副词的辨析及语境理解 ‎【名师点睛】选出本题答案不难,但是本题有一个重要语法知识点:hardly had when 与no sooner had than区别联系。这两个短语都有“一……就”、“刚刚……就”的意思,有时可以互换。例如:“我刚到公共汽车站,汽车就开了。”一句:Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started. No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. 但他们之间也有一些差异,请考生留意。no sooner…than它的意思相当于“刚做完A这件事,就做B这件事”。例如: He had no sooner returned than he bought a house. 他一回来就买了一套房子。 如果no sooner 位于句首,主句要用倒装结构。例如: No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了。有一点要注意,no sooner…than 一般用来描述做过的事情,它不能用于表示将来的事 ‎9.【2019·江苏卷】28. The idea “happiness, ” ________, will not sit still for easy definition.‎ A. to be rigid B. to be sure C. to be perfect D. to be fair ‎【答案】B 考点:考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解 ‎【名师点睛】to be sure在本题相当于certainly,现将其主要用法归纳如下。1.be sure+of/about+动名词或名词,意为“确信……”;“对……有把握”。但在接名词时,be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑;而besure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。例如:He is sure of success.他自信会成功的。I'm sure of his honesty.我肯定他是诚实的;2.be sure+不定式,表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断,认为句子主语“必定”、“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。例如:It is sure to rain.天一定会下雨;3.be sure+宾语从句,表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断,意为“确信某事一定会……”。例如: I'm not sure whether I've met him before.我不能确定以前是否见到过他。‎ ‎10.【2019·江苏卷】32. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be ________ occupied.‎ A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwise ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. also也;B. just刚刚;C. nevertheless尽管如此;D. otherwise否则,在不同方面。句意:在星期天我不能与你见面,否则我会很忙。故D正确。‎ 考点:考查副词词义辨析及语境理解 ‎【名师点睛】otherwise是重要考点。otherwise 作连词,意为“否则;不然”,相当于 or或 if not。如:We’ll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat. 我们得早点去,要不然就没有座位了。I was ill ‎ that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet. 那天我病了,否则我会去参加运动会的。otherwise 作副词,意为“用别的方法;不同地;在其他方面;除此之外”,相当于in another way或apart from ...。如:He is rich, but otherwise an unhappy man. 他有钱,但在其他方面是个不幸福的人。词组:and otherwise 等等、及其他 ;or otherwise 或相反、或其他情况 ‎11.【2019·安徽卷】27.My good performance in the job interview left me about my future and about what I can do here.‎ A. puzzled B. sensitive C. optimistic D. embarrassed ‎【答案】C 考点:考查形容词辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此,考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。根据题干中的关键词“good performance”可推知这是一场成功的面试。若考生容易误选其他项,可能对形容词的掌握程度还不够,平时要注意重点形容词的记忆。‎ ‎12.【2019·安徽卷】31.What we expect from you is working hard hardly working.‎ A. less than B. rather than C. as well as D. as much as ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:句意:-我们希望你努力工作,而不是几乎不工作。四个选项的含义分别是:A less than少于,B. rather than而不是,C as well as和…一样好,除了,不但…而且,D as much as多达。所以选B。‎ 考点:考查短语辨析 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查的是短语辨析。rather than 构成的句型结构: prefer to do ... rather than do ... ; would do ... rather than do… ;would rather do sth. than do ... ;宁可做……而不愿意做I prefer to get up early rather than go to school without breakfast.我宁可早起也不愿意不吃饭上学. I would die rather than disgrace myself.我宁死不屈. He would rather paint the wall on his own than have the painter do it. 他宁愿自己刷这墙也不愿意请油漆工刷.本题中意为“我们希望你努力工作,而不是几乎不工作”,不难选出正确答案。‎ ‎13.【2019·安徽卷】33.It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ,supply more jobs.‎ A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise ‎【答案】C 考点:考查副词辨析 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】therefore两种用法总结如下:一、整句中时一般不放句末,句首后要有逗号1、按一般副词使用2、做插入语eg.1、Therefore we must learn English well. 2、They therefore can learn English well. 3、Many fast food restaurant ,therefore, have red furniture or walls.二、用在分句中即一个句子一部分表示原因一部分表示结果。这时一般词前要用分号。若第二个分句前是逗号或无符号则要注意therefore是副词和so不一样要保持句子完整应用and therefore。 eg.1、I had a headache; therefore I could not go to your party. 2、I was ill ,and therefore could not come. 3、These birds are very beautiful and therefore liked by many people.‎ ‎14.【2019·浙江卷】4. Joe is proud and ______, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.‎ A. strict                  B. sympathetic        ‎ C. stubborn             D. sensitive ‎【答案】C ‎【试题分析】A.strict严格的;B.sympathetic同情的;C。stubborn顽固的;D.sensitive敏感的。句意:Joe是一个又自负又固执的人,他从不承认自己错了,总是找另一个人受责备。根据后面的叙述从不承认错误,看来他是顽固的。故选C。‎ 考点:考查形容词辨析及语境的理解。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。四个选项都可以形容人,但意义相差较大。根据题干中的关键词“never admitting he is wrong(从不承认自己错了)”可推知他是一个自负和固执的人。考生需要在理解题干的基础上对各个选项逐一排除,这样就可以选出正确答案了。‎ ‎15.【2019·浙江卷】12. Facing up to your problems ____ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.‎ A. more than          B. rather than            ‎ C. along with           D.or rather ‎【答案】B 考点:考查短语辨析及语境的理解。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分和对语境理解的能力。动词ing做主语,可以把句子简化为:Facing up to your problems is the best approach。其余的都是附加成分,根据句意“勇敢地面对你的问题”可以推断出“而不是逃避”,选择B。本题还有一个知识点:the approach to +doing sth 做某事的方法。这些考生都需要注意。 ‎ ‎16.【2019·浙江卷】13. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ______ .‎ ‎   A. blindly            B. unwillingly           ‎ C. closely             D. carefully ‎【答案】A ‎【试题分析】A.blindly盲目的;B.unwillingly不情愿地; C.closely紧密地;D.carefully仔细地。句意:教育的目的是教年轻人要独立思考而不是盲目地听从他人。根据句意故选A。‎ 考点:副词辨析及语境的理解。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查副词辨析,需要考生认识所给的四个副词,之后才能结合句意选出正确答案。四个词的意思是A.blindly盲目的;B.unwillingly不情愿地; C.closely紧密地;D.carefully仔细地。根据“think for themselves(自主思考)”可以判断空白处指的是“不盲目从众。不难选出正确答案。‎ ‎2019年试题 专题03—形容词和副词 ‎1.【2019·浙江卷】Mary worked here as a ____ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.‎ A. pessimistic B. temporary C. previous D. cautious ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为:Mary刚开始在公司是临时性秘书,但最终她在这里得到了全职工作,由此知,temporary符合语境,意为“临时的、临时性质的”;其它pessimistic意为“悲观的”;previous意为“先前的”;cautious则意为“紧张的、谨慎的”都不符合语意,故这里选B项。‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,句意理解后便可作答,所以平时的基础知识记忆,词汇积累是解答好这种题的关键。‎ ‎2. [2019·课标全国卷Ⅱ] It may not be a great suggestion. But before ________ is put forward, we'll make do with it.‎ A. a good one B. a better one C. the best one D. a best one ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:这可能不是一个好的建议。但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前,我们先将就着用这个。 根据句意可知需用比较级。‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词和副词的考查还涉及到比较级和最高级的用法。有时比较含义是通过than这样的词给出,但是有时比较的含义是隐含在句意中。学生应该仔细理解句意,找出隐含的比较关系,判断用比较级还是最高级。这道题中还涉及到冠词的用法。‎ ‎3. [2019·天津卷] I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are________ meaningful things to do.‎ A. less B. more C.the least D.the most ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词和副词的考查还要考虑比较级和最高级的用法。有时比较含义是通过than这样的词给出,但是有时比较的含义是隐含在句意中。学生应该仔细理解句意,找出隐含的比较关系。这道题中a waste of time是关键,要找准关键词。‎ ‎4.[2019·江西卷] There are a small number of people involved, possibly ________twenty.‎ A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词的用法。句意:有少数人被牵涉其中,可能有20人那么少。本句twenty后省略了people,故用few修饰。‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词和副词的考查有时涉及同级比较的用法。记住结构是:as+形容词原级+as。这里面的几个选项也可以理解成短语。仔细分析句子可知这里实际上考查的是形容词few,little,many,much的区别。这样就不难判断了。‎ ‎5. [2019·辽宁卷] This is by far________ movie that I have ever seen.‎ A.an inspiring B.a much inspiring C.the most inspiring D.the more inspiring ‎ 【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】考查最高级。ever表示“迄今为止”,句意“这是我迄今为止看到过的最令人鼓舞的电影”,所以用最高级。‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词和副词的考查还涉及到比较级和最高级的用法。有时上下文有明显的暗示,但是有时比较的含义是隐含在句意中。学生应该仔细理解句意,找出隐含的比较关系,判断用比较级还是最高级。还有关键词ever的使用,这道题中还涉及到冠词的用法。‎ ‎6.[2019·湖北] People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ________ rather than based on fixed criteria.‎ A.appropriate B.conscious C.arbitrary D.controversial ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,句意理解后便可作答,所以平时的基础知识记忆,词汇积累是解答好这种题的关键。‎ ‎7. [2019·湖北] He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle.Instead, he made a ________ contribution to help the community.‎ A.commercial B.generous C.comparable D.profitable ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词的含义。commercial经济的,商业的;generous 大方的,慷慨的;comparable 可比较的;profitable有利可图的。句意:他没有自私地把叔叔留下的钱据为己有。相反,他做了一个慷慨的捐献以帮助社区。‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词词义辨析是高考的常考点。因为词汇是直接影响学生理解的关键。掌握大量的词汇是学生必须具备的。基础词汇的积累,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,句意理解后便可作答。‎ ‎8. [2019·福建卷] The Forbidden City attracts a ________ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.‎ A. constant B. main C. powerful D. shallow ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constant 意为“不断的,持续的”;main意为“主要的”,powerful意为“强有力的”; shallow意为“浅的”。 句意为:故宫每天都吸引源源不断的游客来观光旅游,尤其是在国庆假期期间。只有constant符合句意,故答案为A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】形容词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,句意理解后便可作答,还要注意形容词和名词的习惯搭配。‎ ‎9. [2019·安徽卷] David is ________ animal fur, so he won't visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.‎ ‎ A.curious about B.allergic to C.satisfied with D.fond of ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】 考查形容词短语辨析。由语境 “他不去家里有猫或狗的人家”推断,戴维对动物皮毛过敏,故选B。be allergic to 对……过敏;be curious about 对……好奇;be satisfied with 对……满意;be fond ‎ of 喜欢。‎ ‎【名师点睛】这题考查的是形容词短语的辨析。实际上也是考查学生的词汇积累。所以平时要注意基础知识记忆,词汇积累是解答好这种题的关键。做题的时候,要弄清句子表达的真正的含义,使用代入法,选出正确答案。‎ ‎10.【2019浙江】If what your friend comes up with surprises you, don’t reject it immediately. ______, imagine that it is true.‎ A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D .Otherwise ‎【答案】 C ‎【名师点睛】这几个副词都是高考常考点,都是作为插入语。考查学生对词汇的记忆和对句子意思的正确理解。要弄清上下文之间的逻辑关系。对于不同的副词要放在上下文语境中进行辨析,还有识记副词的含义很重要。‎ ‎、11.【2019浙江】If we leave right away, ______, we’ll arrive on time.‎ A. hopefully B. curiously C. occasionally D. gradually ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】考查副词辨析。句意为:如果我们马上走的话,我们很有希望能准时到达。所以这里hopefully表示“有希望地”;其它curiously意为“好奇地”;occasionally意为“偶尔地”;gradually则意为“逐渐地”都不符合语意,所以这里选A项。‎ ‎【名师点睛】副词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,正确理解句意,还要弄清楚句子之间的逻辑关系。‎ ‎12. [2019·辽宁卷] Everything seemed to be going ________ for the first two days after I moved to New York.‎ A.vividly B.generally C.frequently D.smoothly ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。smoothly意思“顺利”。句意“当我搬到纽约后前两天一切似乎进展很顺利”。‎ ‎【名师点睛】副词词义辨析是高考常考点,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。平时在学习中可以将一些意思相近的副词分类记忆。做题时,关键是正确理解句意,还要弄清楚句子之间的逻辑关系。这里的go smoothly也是经常搭配使用的。‎ ‎13. [2019·湖北] Don't defend him any more. It's obvious that he ________ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.‎ A.accidentally B.carelessly C.deliberately D.clumsily ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【名师点睛】副词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,正确理解句意,还要弄清楚句子之间的逻辑关系。‎ ‎14. [2019·江西卷] What a terrible experience! ________, you're safe now—that's the main thing.‎ A. Anyway B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Therefore ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词辨析。句意:多么可怕的经历呀!至少,你现在是安全的——那是最要紧的。anyway意为“无论如何,至少”,符合语境;besides意为“而且,此外”;otherwise意为“否则”;therefore意为“因此”。‎ ‎【名师点睛】这几个副词都是高考常考点,都是作为插入语。考查学生对词汇的记忆和对句子意思的正确理解。要弄清上下文之间的逻辑关系。对于不同的副词要放在上下文语境中进行辨析,还有识记副词的含义很重要。‎ ‎15. [2019·福建卷] A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful ________if we do something to stop progress.‎ A. either B. neither C. too D. also ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词词义辨析。either意为“也”;neither 意为“也不”;too用于肯定句; also 也用于肯定句。本句意为:如果一个社会把传统扔掉了,就不可能是一个成功的社会;但我们如果做了阻止社会发展的事情,这个社会也不可能是一个成功的社会。‎ ‎【名师点睛】副词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,有的词义相差比较大,有的意思差不多,,但是用法用差别。所以了解每个选项的用法是做好此类题型的关键。这几个词可以从在句子的位置和句式来判断。‎ ‎16. [2019·福建卷] Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy ________ priced bikes.‎ A. competitively B. recently C. reasonably D. affordably ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词词义辨析。competitively 意为“有竞争性地”;recently为“近来,最近”之意; reasonably 意为“合理”; affordably意为“买得起, 付得起”。 只有affordably符合本句语境。 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】副词词义辨析考的是学生的基础词汇知识,了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键。解答此类习题,首先要求学生有一定的词汇量,正确理解句意,还要弄清楚句子之间的逻辑关系。还要找到一些关键词帮助找到正确答案,如这道题里面的poor and needy。‎ ‎17. [2019·课标全国卷Ⅰ] Tony can hardly boil an egg,still ________ cook dinner.‎ ‎ A.less B.little C.much D.more ‎【答案】A  ‎ ‎【名师点睛】这一题咋一看以为是辨析相近的副词的区别。仔细审题后会发现这题实际上就是考查学生有没有掌握词组still less“更不用说;何况”的用法。所以拿到题不要盲目判断,要仔细分析句子,答案就在其中。‎
查看更多

相关文章

您可能关注的文档