最高考高考英语语法精讲精练 专题六 非谓语动词常考点

最高考高考英语语法精讲精练 专题六 非谓语动词常考点

专题六　非谓语动词常考点 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。‎ 非谓语 功能 形式 动名词 具有名词功能，常在句中作主语，宾语 主动式 doing 被动式 being done 完成式 having done/having been done 现在 分词 表主动和正在进行， 常在句中作定语， 状语，宾补 一般式 doing 完成式 having done ‎ 过去 分词 表被动和已完成，常在句中作定语，状语，补语 一般式 done 进行式 being done ‎ 完成式 having been done 动词 不定式 表将来具体某一次，常在句中作主语，定语，状语，补语，宾语等 一般式 to do/to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done/to have been done 　　动名词和不定式作主语 ‎ ‎①如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。如：‎ To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.‎ ‎②动名词作主语的句型。如：‎ It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.‎ It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)‎ ‎③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：‎ 动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。‎ 动名词的复合结构是由名词所有格或“物主代词＋动名词”构成。在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。如：‎ His coming made me happy.‎ I can't imagine his/him living there alone.‎ ‎④动名词被动式作主语(过去分词不可作主语)。如：‎ Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time does harm to your skin.‎ 完成下列句子：‎ ‎①It's foolish ____________________________(你相信他说的话)．‎ ‎②It's impossible ____________________________(他做这样的事)．‎ ‎③Do you mind ____________________________(我抽烟)?‎ ‎④It's no use ____________________________(你和他争辩)．‎ ‎⑤________(go) abroad is an honour to me.‎ ‎⑥________(take) abroad is an honour to me.‎ ‎⑦________(devote) to his work made him succeed.‎ ‎【答案】①of you to believe what he said　②for him to do such a thing　③my/me smoking　④your/you arguing with him　⑤Going　⑥Being taken　⑦Being devoted 　　动名词和不定式作宾语 ‎ ‎①下面的动词要求用不定式作宾语：‎ attempt(企图)，afford(负担得起)，demand(要求)，long(渴望)，desire(渴望)，expect，hope，wish，want，swear(发誓)，volunteer(自愿)，offer(提供)，fail(未能)，plan，care(关心，喜欢)，happen(碰巧)，prepare(准备)，learn(学习)，choose(选择)，hesitate(犹豫)，claim(要求)，promise，undertake(承接)，appear(似乎)，seek(寻觅)，refuse(拒绝)，decide(决定)，determine(决定)，manage(设法)，pretend(假装)，agree(同意)，bother(烦恼)，intend(想要)，wait(等待)‎ ‎②下面的动词只能用动名词作宾语：‎ acknowledge(承认)，admit(承认)，deny(否认)，mention(说到，讲到)，tolerate/stand/bear(忍受)，dislike(不喜欢)，advocate(提倡，主张)，appreciate(感激，欣赏)，avoid(避免)，enjoy(享受)，envy(嫉妒)，delay(延迟)，postpone(延迟，延期)，escape(逃跑，逃避)，excuse/pardon/forgive(原谅)，fancy(幻想，爱好)，imagine(想象)，favour(造成，偏爱)，mind(介意)，miss(错过)，finish(完成)，resist(抵抗)，risk(冒险)，involve(包含)，practise(实践)，suggest/advise/recommend(建议)，prevent(阻止)，keep(保持)，quit/abandon(放弃，停止)，understand(理解)，include(包括)‎ ‎③后接动名词作宾语的动词短语和句型有：‎ have(no/much/some/...) difficulty/trouble/a hard time(in)，take pleasure in，spend time/money (in)，waste time(in)，be worth，be busy，feel like，be committed to ‎④to作为介词的短语有：‎ look forward to，pay attention to，object to＝be opposed to，be devoted to，stick to，come close to(差一点)，get down to(开始认真做)，get/be accustomed/used to(doing), lead to＝contribute to(sb. doing/being done)‎ ‎⑤allow，permit，forbid，advise，recommend的用法：‎ allow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋doing allow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋sb.＋to do如：‎ I don't allow smoking in my room.‎ I don't allow him to smoke in my room.‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①We agreed ________(meet) here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.‎ ‎②The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief ________(catch)．‎ ‎③Janey pretended __________(write) when her mother came in.‎ ‎④I can hardly imagine Peter ________(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.‎ ‎⑤The doctor advised him ________(stop) smoking.‎ ‎【答案】①to meet　②being caught　③to be writing　④sailing　⑤to stop 　　注意区别下列动词后接不定式和动名词 ‎ ‎①forget to do sth.　　忘记要去做某事(此事未做)‎ forget doing sth.　　忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)‎ remember to do sth.　　记得去做某事(未做)‎ remember doing sth.　　记得做过某事(已做)‎ ‎②stop to do　　停止(某件事)，目的是去做另一件事 stop doing　　停止正在或经常做的事 go on to do　　继续(去做另外一件事情)‎ go on doing　　继续(原先没有做完的事情)‎ ‎③regret to do sth.　　对要做的事感到遗憾(遗憾地要去做某事)‎ regret doing sth.　　对过去做过的事或未做过的事感到后悔(后悔做过或未做过某事)‎ ‎④try to do　　努力、企图做 try doing　　试验、试一试某种办法 ‎⑤mean to do　　(人)打算，有意要……‎ mean doing　　(物)意味着 ‎⑥can't help (to) do sth.　　不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth.　　情不自禁做某事 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①Don't you remember ________(see) the man before?‎ ‎②I regret ________(inform) you that the meeting has been cancelled.‎ ‎③Let's try ________(do) the work some other way.‎ ‎④I didn't mean ________(hurt) your feeling.‎ ‎⑤I'm so busy that I can't help ________(clean) the house with you.‎ ‎⑥After we finished our homework，we went on ________(review) the new lesson.‎ ‎【答案】①seeing　②to inform　③doing　④to hurt　⑤(to) clean　⑥to review 　　不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 ‎ ‎①不定式作表语，一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。‎ 动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。‎ ‎②如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。‎ ‎③过去分词作表语，表示“感到，觉得”，现在分词作表语，表示“令人……”。此类词有：embarrass，excite，interest，delight，disappoint，encourage，inspire，please，puzzle，satisfy，surprise，worry，convince等。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①His wish is ________(go) abroad.‎ ‎②His hobby is________(collect) stamps.‎ ‎③The most important thing is ________(negotiate) with them about the future of the plant.‎ ‎④What he should do is ________(work) hard.‎ ‎⑤He felt ________(embarrass)．‎ ‎【答案】①to go　②collecting　③to negotiate　④work ‎⑤embarrassed 　　分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别 ‎ ‎①下面的动词要求用不定式作宾补(动词＋宾语＋动词不定式)：‎ ask(请，叫)，tell(告诉)，get(使，让)，prefer(喜欢，宁愿)，like(喜欢)，force(强迫)，press(迫使)，require(要求)，request(请求)，advise(劝告)，pray(请求)，remind(提醒)，beg(请求)，invite(吸引，邀请)，command(命令)，order(命令)，intend(想要，企图)，drive(驱赶)，train(训练)，cause(引起)，instruct(指示)，direct(指导)，warn(告诫)，enable(使能够)，need(需要)，urge(激励，力说)，inspire(鼓舞)，encourage(鼓励)，want(想要)，lead(引起，使得)，teach(教)，wish(希望)。‎ ‎②感官动词，如：see，watch，observe，notice，look at，hear，listen to，feel等。感官动词后可接不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语。‎ 使役动词have，make的用法(注意have作为“有”的用法)：使役动词have可接不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语；make后接不带to的不定式、过去分词、名词、形容词作宾语补足语。‎ ‎③catch，find，get，leave，keep，set，send后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①I often hear him ________(sing) the song.‎ I often hear the song________(sing)．‎ I heard him ________(sing) the song when I passed by.‎ I heard the song ________(sing) when I passed by.‎ ‎②I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything ________(take) to your son?‎ I won't have you ________(talk) to him like that!‎ I had him ________(repair) my bike.‎ I had my bike ________(repair)．‎ You shouldn't have the light ________(burn) all the night.‎ ‎③His letter left me ________(feel) pretty bad.‎ He left the work________(unfinish)．‎ You can leave him ________(finish) the work.‎ What she said set me ________(think)．‎ The push sent him ________(fall) down.‎ ‎【答案】①sing；sung；singing；being sung　②to be taken；talking；repair；repaired；burning　③feeling；unfinished；to finish；thinking；falling 　　分词和动词不定式作状语的区别 ‎ 分词作状语，除表示伴随之外还表示时间、让步或条件。‎ 动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的，还表示结果、情感或心理状态原因。尤其注意表示特性的形容词(comfortable，difficult，easy等)后接的不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①________(turn) to the right，you will find the hospital.‎ ‎②________(give) more time，I will finish the work.‎ ‎③________(wait) for a bus，I met a friend of mine.‎ ‎④He was excited ________(hear) the news.‎ ‎⑤He did all he could ________(help) people in need.‎ ‎⑥The place he referred to is hard ________(find)．‎ ‎【答案】①Turning　②Given　③Waiting　④to hear　⑤to help　⑥to find 　　不定式和分词作定语的区别 ‎ 不定式作定语，表示将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在发生或主动；过去分词作定语，表示过去或被动。‎ 此外，在warning，ability，failure，determination，wish，decision等词后面用不定式作定语；不定式作定语还可用来修饰序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定语。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①The meeting________(hold) tomorrow is important.‎ ‎②The meeting________(hold) now is important.‎ ‎③The meeting ________(hold) yesterday was important.‎ ‎【答案】①to be held　②being held　③held 　　现在分词与过去分词的区别 ‎ 现在分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时，与它所补充说明的名词之间是主动关系；而过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时，与它所补充说明的名词之间是被动关系。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①________(see) from the top of the hill，the people on the street look like ants.‎ ‎________(see) the scene，the people on the street let out a cry of joy.‎ ‎②The room________(face) south is our classroom.‎ The room ________(paint) white is mine.‎ ‎③When I returned，I found the door ________(lock)．‎ When I returned，I found him ________(watch) TV.‎ ‎【答案】①Seen；Seeing　②facing；painted　③locked；watching 　　“疑问词＋不定式”结构 ‎ 疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ When________(start) has not been decided.‎ ‎【答案】to start 　　only to do，never to do，only doing ‎ only to do意为“结果却”；‎ never to do意为“结果却再没有”；‎ only doing意为“只是做”。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①He was busy writing a story，only________(stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.‎ ‎②He hurried there，only ________(tell) the train had left.‎ ‎③He left home，never________(hear) from.‎ ‎【答案】①stopping　②to be told　③to be heard 　　一致性 ‎ 不定式和分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致，否则只能用从句或独立主格结构。‎ 完成下列句子：‎ ‎①______________ the film(看电影的时候)，he cried.‎ ‎②________ the film(看电影的时候)，tears came down his face.‎ ‎【答案】①When he saw/Seeing　②When he saw/He seeing 　　with复合结构 ‎ with后面的宾补可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词(表主动)、过去分词(表被动)、不定式(表将来)。with复合结构在句中作原因或伴随状语，还可以作定语。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①With a lot of homework ________(finish)，I can't go with you.‎ ‎②With a lot of homework ________(finish)，I went home and had a rest.‎ ‎③With a boy ________(help) us，we found the place easily.‎ ‎【答案】①to finish　②finished　③helping 　　独立主格结构 ‎ 独立主格结构的构成：‎ ‎①名词(代词)＋现在分词(与前面构成主动关系)；‎ ‎②名词(代词)＋过去分词(与前面构成被动关系)；‎ ‎③名词(代词)＋不定式(表将来)；‎ ‎④名词(代词)＋副词；‎ ‎⑤名词(代词)＋形容词；‎ ‎⑥名词(代词)＋介词短语；‎ ‎⑦名词(代词)＋名词。‎ Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.‎ The test finished, we began our holiday.‎ There being no bus, we had to walk home.‎ He came into the room, his ears red with cold. ‎ He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.‎ ‎ The villagers, most of them women and children, were killed that night.‎ 完成下列句子：‎ ‎①Many people were missing，most of ________ women.‎ ‎＝Many people were missing，most of ________were women.‎ ‎②Time ________(permit)(＝If time permits)，we will go there.‎ ‎③Time ________(give)(＝If time is given)，I will finish it alone.‎ ‎【答案】①them；whom　②permitting　③given 　　评注性分词 ‎ 评注性分词有：judging from/by(按照……判断)，considering(就……而言)，generally speaking(总的来说)，talking/speaking of(说起)。但是注意区别judge和consider作为及物动词时的用法。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①________(judge) from his accent，he is from Hunan.‎ ‎________(judge) to be the best，he was honoured.‎ ‎②________(consider) his age，he has done well.‎ ‎________(consider) as one of the biggest cities in the world，Shanghai is very popular now.‎ ‎【答案】①Judging；Judged　②Considering；Considered 　　被动形式表主动意义的几个动词 ‎ be seated＝sit，be located＝lie，be dressed in＝wear，be left＝remain，be devoted to＝devote oneself to。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①Do you know the girl________(seat) under the tree?‎ ‎②There are many problems________(remain) to be solved.‎ There are many problems ________(leave) unsolved.‎ ‎③________(devote) to science，he will be remembered forever.‎ ‎________(devote) all his life to science，he will be remembered forever.‎ ‎【答案】①seated　②remaining；left　③Devoted；Devoting 　　非谓语动词的完成式和否定式 ‎ 当非谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，要用完成式。非谓语动词的否定式放在不定式、动名词或分词前。‎ 用括号里所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①________(see) his mother，the child smiled.‎ ‎②________(see) the film many times，I know it well.‎ ‎③________(show) around the lab，the visitors were taken to the library.‎ ‎④His mother told him ________(not leave) his work unfinished.‎ ‎⑤He looked forward ________(not cancel) the concert.‎ ‎⑥________(not receive) his answer，I decided to write to him again.‎ ‎【答案】①Seeing　②Having seen　③Having been shown/Shown　④not to leave　⑤to not cancelling　⑥Not having received 　　判断用并列谓语还是非谓语 ‎ 有时要区分用谓语还是非谓语。现在分词作状语，表伴随动作和谓语动词的动作同时进行。并列谓语之间有and, 用在最后一个谓语前，构成A and B, 或A、B and C; 否则，要把其中一个变为非谓语。‎ ‎①At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ______ down to eat our picnic lunch.‎ A. sitting　　　　　　　B. having sat C. to sit D. sat ‎②As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______， and asked myself what I was going to do.‎ A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved ‎【答案】①D　②B 　　判断表示原因、伴随、结果还是表目的 ‎ ‎①Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ______ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.‎ A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent ‎②I explained the theory as clearly as possible, ______ to make it easy ______.‎ A. to hope; to understand B. hoped; understood C. hoping; to understand D. to hope; to be understood ‎【答案】①A　②C 　　there be 结构 ‎ there＋be＋名词＋doing/done/to do；‎ deny/appreciate/mind/imagine/admit＋介词＋there being；‎ want/expect/hope/wish/like/hate/would like/prefer/mean/intend＋there to be。‎ there being是独立主格结构。‎ There is no doing 意为“不可能……，无法……”。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空：‎ ‎①There is a great deal of evidence ________(indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.‎ ‎②The students expected there ________(be) more reviewing classes before the final exams.‎ ‎③Ann never dreams of there ________(be)for her to be sent abroad very soon.‎ ‎④There ________(be) no money left, I can't buy the book.‎ ‎【答案】①indicating　②to be　③being　④being 　　不定式to后的省略 ‎ 一般保留动词不定式符号to，若to后有助动词have, be, have been, 则也要保留。‎ ‎①The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________．‎ ‎ A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to ‎②In my opinion, life in the twenty－first century is much easier than ________．‎ A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be ‎③—You should have worked harder. ‎ ‎—I know I ________．‎ A. ought to B. ought to have C. should D. will ‎④—He wasn't helped yesterday. ‎ ‎—He ought to ________．‎ ‎ A. have B. be C. have been D. have done ‎【答案】①A　②D　③B　④C 　　不定式to的省略 ‎ ‎①不定式作表语时，如果前面有实义动词do的形式时，to要省略；‎ ‎②不定式作感官动词和使役动词的宾语补足语时，要省略to；‎ ‎③由并列连词and，except, but, than, or 连接两个以上的具有相同意义或功能的不定式时，第二个动词不定式不带to；‎ ‎[注]如果两个不定式表示对照或对比，则不能省略to。如：‎ It's easier to make a plan than to carry it out. ‎ ‎④动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语时，不定式可以不带to；‎ ‎⑤“why not＋省略to的不定式(动词原形)”表示建议，意为“为什么不”；‎ ‎“why ＋省略to的不定式(动词原形)”表示不赞成；‎ ‎⑥动词不定式作but, except的宾语时，如果前面有实义动词do的形式时，要省略to；‎ ‎⑦不定式构成的特殊句式：‎ too 与ready, easy, willing, eager, anxious等形容词连用，此时不定式没有否定意义，too相当于very。如：‎ ‎ I am too willing to help you.‎ too在not, never, only, all, but后，不定式表示肯定含义。‎ ‎①If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.‎ A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet ‎②—It's a long time since I saw my sister.‎ ‎—________ her this weekend?‎ A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why don't visit ‎③The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.‎ A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make ‎【答案】①D　②A　③B 　　连接词＋不定式 ‎ 连接词和不定式连用相当于一个缩短了的从句。如：‎ She must have time in which to grow calm.‎ She has some money in the bank, with which to help her mother.‎ ‎①She had no money ________ a birthday present for her children.‎ A. to buy with B. buying C. bought D. with which to buy ‎②I've worked with children before, so I know what ________ in my new job.‎ A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects ‎【答案】①D　②B ‎1. (2014·江苏卷)The lecture ________， a lively question－and－answer session followed. ‎ A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given ‎2. (2014·福建卷)________ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.‎ A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend ‎3. (2014·湖南卷)________ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.‎ A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing ‎4. (2014·浙江卷)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ to guard her.‎ A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed ‎5. (2014·天津卷)Clearly and thoughtfully ________， the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.‎ A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written ‎6. (2013·江苏卷)Lionel Messi，________ the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in Europe.‎ A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set ‎7. (2013·安徽卷)________ in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.‎ A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded ‎8. (2013·湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky，________ the mountain in golden light.‎ A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. having bathed ‎9. (2013·全国新课标卷)They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don't you give it a try?‎ A. leave B. left C. leaving D. to leave ‎10. (2012·重庆卷)We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision ________ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.‎ A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made ‎【答案】1. D　2. C　3. C　4. C　5. C　6. D　7. C　8. B ‎9. B　10. A ‎1. ________ on a clear day，far from the city crowds，the mountains gave him a sense of peace.‎ A. While walking B. Walking C. He was walking D. When he was walking ‎2. ________ with Lei Feng，we still have a long way to go.‎ A. Comparing B. Compared C. To compare D. Being compared ‎3. —Can I have the document right now?‎ ‎—Of course. Wait a minute and I'll have my secretary ________ it for you.‎ A. to print B. printing C. printed D. print ‎4. I really like this song as it is often heard ________everywhere in China.‎ A. singing B. sung C. having sung D. to sing ‎5. The door ________ tomorrow will get dry the day after tomorrow.‎ A. painted B. to be painted C. being painted D. to paint ‎6. ________ that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis，people are optimistic about the future of the country.‎ A. Convincing B. Convinced C. To convince D. Having convinced ‎7. He could do nothing but ________ what he had said.‎ A. to take back B. to be taken back C. taking back D. take back ‎8. I flew to Paris this morning，my assistant ________ me there this Friday.‎ A. joining B. to join C. will join D. wants to join ‎9. ________ Australia's relatively small population，its outstanding performance in the Olympic Games was really ________．‎ A. Supposing；amazing B. Comparing；amazed C. Considering；amazing D. Given；amazed ‎10. I came into the classroom，________ my seat and sat down to read.‎ A. finding B. to find C. found D. to be found ‎11. Who would you rather ________ with you to the cinema?‎ A. have to go B. have go C. have gone D. go ‎12. Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum because they knew what ________ from it.‎ A. getting B. to be got C. got D. to get ‎13. She seemed ________ who I was，so I had to introduce myself.‎ A. to not recognize B. not to recognize C. to have not recognized D. not to have recognized ‎14. —Have you finished your task now?‎ ‎—Not yet. So much time has been wasted ________ its details aimlessly this morning.‎ A. being assessed B. to assess C. assessed D. assessing ‎15. I'm going through the composition he has just finished ________ the possible mistakes in it.‎ A. correct B. to correct C. having corrected D. corrected ‎16. If you are caught ________，you'll be expelled from school.‎ A. having cheated B. cheating C. to have cheated D. to cheat ‎17. ________ to his work resulted in his great success.‎ A. Devoted B. Being devoted C. Devoting D. To devote ‎18. ________ the website of the Fire Department in your city，and you will learn a lot about firefighting.‎ A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search ‎19. This is the very plan that I'd like to see ________ in the next two months.‎ A. carry out B. to be carried out C. being carried out D. carried out ‎20. On the bank of the river，we found him ________ on a beach，with his eyes ________ on a kite in the sky.‎ A. seated；fixing B. sitting；fixing C. seated；fixed D. sitting；being fixed ‎21. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________ at the end of last March.‎ A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched D. to be launched ‎ ‎22. —Christine, are we leaving right away or...?‎ ‎—But Jove insists on us ________ in her house for the night. ‎ A. staying B. to stay C. stayed D. stay ‎ ‎23. I remembered ________ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.‎ A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked ‎24. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ________ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.‎ A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing ‎25. I have a lot of readings ________ before the end of this term.‎ A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed ‎26. He sat calmly on the platform, ________ to answer the question.‎ A. prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. to prepare ‎27. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________ anything that happened to be on. ‎ A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched ‎28. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.‎ A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost ‎29. The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teacher's question, ________ just a minute. So he is usually the teacher's pet.‎ A. thought B. having thought C. and to think D. thinking ‎30. —Who should be responsible for the accident?‎ ‎—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as ________．‎ A. told B. being told C. telling D. to be told ‎【答案】1. D　2. B　3. D　4. B　5. B　6. B　7. D　8. B　9. C　10. C　11. B　12. D　13. D　14. D　15. B　16. B ‎17. B　18. D　19. D　20. C　21. B　22. A　23. B　24. D　25. B　26. C　27. A　28. B　29. B　30. A