江苏洪泽县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解新编

江苏洪泽县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解新编

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 江苏洪泽县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解新编 【由山东省 2014 高考仿真模拟冲刺卷（ 5） 改 编 】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。 A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly，courteous and helpful most Americans were to them．To be fair，this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians，and should best be considered North American．There are，of course， exceptions．Small-minded officials，rude waiters，and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US．Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment．For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence． Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another．Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion，and brought news of the outside world．The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality． Someone traveling alone，if hungry，injured，or ill，often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement．It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers．It reflected the harshness of daily life： if you didn‘t take in the stranger and take care of him，there was no one else who would．And someday，remember，you might be in the same situation．Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler．Yet，the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US，especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails．“I was just traveling through，got talking with this American，and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner—amazing．” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon，but are not always understood properly． 1．In the eyes of visitors from the outside world，___________． A．rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US B．small-minded officials deserve a serious comment C．Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 D．most Americans are ready to offer help 2．It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ___________． A．culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship B．courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated C．various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends D．social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions 3．Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ___________． A．to improve their hard life B．in view of their long-distance travel C．to add some flavor to their own daily life D．out of a charitable impulse 4．The tradition of hospitality to strangers ___________． A．tends to be superficial and artificial B．is generally well kept up in the united States C．is always understood properly D．has something to do with the busy tourist trails 5．What’s the author’s attitudes toward the American‘s friendliness？ A．Favorable． B．Unfavorable． C．Indifferent． D．Neutral． 【参考答案】1---5、DACBA 【2014 模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 It was a dangerous period for Nancy where her own fortunes were concerned. She had to rely on freelance(自由撰稿) work for six months after Quality Weekly Magazine folded. The regular salary cheque had always seemed very small, but now it- was like lost riches. She sent many articles to other magazines. Sometimes she struck it lucky and got a task. She once wrote a short article of a politician who appreciated her fair-minded approach and gave her some secret information. Her article was noticed by an editor in search of something sharp and fresh. And Nancy was getting a name for sharp comment. In this trade, she saw, you didn't need so much to be up to date with things as ahead of them, lying in wait for circumstance, ready to jump. Then one day she walked into the offices of National Daily. It had taken her article and its editor had looked kindly upon her. Having handed over a piece on the latest educational theories 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 she'd written, she fell into conversation with a woman she had known 'before. She learned that one of the paper's regular columnists( 专栏作家) had quitted the job. So Nancy made the necessary phone call to apply for the job. And then, the phone call came. She'd have a weekly column with her photograph next to it. There'd be a salary cheque, and perhaps fame and success to follow that. She realized that the job presented her with a wonderful opportunity. Later, when she was alone. Nancy thought that her appointment had probably been a piece of good fortune. However, she refused to allow the word '"luck". She must have got the job because she was good and experienced. What she never knew was that in fact the editor had been at the point of offering the column to another writer, Alex. When he was about to pick up the phone to call Alex, the colleague he most disliked walked into his office, and spoke with satisfaction of the possibility of closer association with this old friend of his. As soon as the colleague was out of the room, he reached for the phone, and rang Nancy. 63．Why did Nancy spend a dangerous period? A．Because freelance work was difficult to do． B．Because she reported some secret information． C．Because her regular salary cheque was too small． D．Because she lost the job in Quality Weekly Magazine． 64．Nancy thought the secret of success as a journalist was to ______． A．make positive comments B．wait and grasp the chance C．get along well with editors D．keep up with the latest information 65．In the last paragraph, the underlined part "this old friend of his" refers to ______． A．the colleague B．the editor C．Alex D．Nancy 66．What can we inter from the passage? A．The new job presented Nancy with pressure． B．Nancy got the job in National Daily by chance． C．Regular columnists are better than freelance writers． D．Working hard is the key to gaining popularity for a writer． 【参考答案】63—66、DBCB 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 阅读理解。 Love, success, happiness, family and freedom----how important are these values to you? Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life. Question: Could you introduce yourself first? Answer: My name is Misbah, 27 years old. I was born in a war-torn area. Right now I'm a web designer. Q: What are your great memories? A: My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories. Q: Does your childhood mean a lot to you? A: Yes. As life was very hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. However, it taught me to deal with problems all alone. I learnt to be independent. Q: What changes would you like to make in your life? A: If I could change something in my life, I'd change it so that my childhood could have taken place in another area. I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn't matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe. Q: How do you get along with your parents? A: My parents supported me until I came of age. I want to give back what I've got. That's our way. But I am working in another city. My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters(过滤) out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch. ( ) 1. In Misbah's childhood, _______________. A. he was free from worry B. he liked living in the countryside C. he was fond of getting close to nature D. he often spent holidays with his family ( ) 2. What did Misbah desire most in his childhood? A. A colorful life. B. A beautiful house. C. Peace and freedom. D. Money for his family. ( ) 3. How would Misbah prefer to communicate with his parents? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 A. By chatting on the Internet. B. By calling them sometimes. C. By paying weekly visits. D. By writing them letters. ( ) 4. If there were only one question left, what would it most probably be? A. What was your childhood dream? B. What is your biggest achievement? C. What is your parents' view of you? D. What was your hardest experience in the war? 【语篇解读】本文通过一个采访,把 Misbah 这个人的生活,成长展示给我们. 1. 答案 C 【解析】细节理解题.由 My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories.可知,Misbah 喜爱大自然.所以答案选 C 项. 2. 答案 C 【解析】 推理判断题. 根据文中 I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn't matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe.可知,作者向往和平自由的生活.故选 C 项. 3. 答案 C 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据 My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch. 可知, Misbah 讨厌在电话里与父母联系,因为它 只剩 下了声音,而 Misbah 想要的是与父母面对面的交流.四个选项中只有 C 项能够让 Misbah 与父母面 对面.由此判断选 C 项. 4. 答案 B 【解析】推理判断题.其它三个问题在上文中都有所涉及,只有 B 项没有.所以如果还剩 一个问 题,很有可能就是 B 项。 阅读理解。 It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生产商) follow certain uniform standards for various features(特征) of clothes. What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men's clothes tend to button from the right, and women's from the left. Considering most of the world's population----men and women----are right-handed, the men's standard would appear to make more 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 sense for women. So why do women's clothes button from the left? History really seems to matter here. Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having women's shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men's shirts button from the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt. Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change. At a time when all women's shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer women's shirts that buttoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men's shirts. ( ) 1. What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry? A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years. B. It is different for men's clothing and women's. C. It woks better with men than with women. D. It fails to consider right-handed people. ( ) 2. What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century? A. They tended to wear clothes without buttons. B. They were interested in the historical matters. C. They were mostly dressed by servants. D. They drew their swords from the left. ( ) 3. Women's clothes still button from the left today because. A. adopting men's style is improper for women B. manufacturers should follow standards C. modern women dress themselves D. customs are hard to change ( ) 4. The passage is mainly developed by. A. analyzing causes B. making comparisons 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C. examining differences D. following the time order 【语篇解读 语篇解读】本文由男女衣服的不同,分析产生这种不同的原因,并且告诉我们这种不同为 语篇 解读 什么延续到现在. 1. 答案 B 【解析】 细节理解题. "What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women 由 is the opposite of the one for men."可知男女衣服的标准不一样令人惊奇.所以答案选 B 项. 2. 答案 D 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 "Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hang would be less likely to get caught in the shirt."可判断选 D 项. 3. 答案 D 【解析】细节理解题.根据"Actually, a standard , once set, resists change."可知,习惯 一旦 养成,就很难改变是女式衣服的纽扣仍然在左边的原因.由此判断选 D 项. 4. 答案 A 【解析】组织结构题.通观整篇文章可以看出,作在开始提到一个现象――男女衣服的标准 相反, 然后分析这种现象产生的历史原因,最后告诉我们现在这是这样的原因.由此判断选 A 项. 【2014 模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 Running on Empty For almost a century, scientists have assumed, tiredness-or exhaustion-in athletes originates in the muscles（肌肉）．Precise explanations have varied, but all have been based on the "Limitations Theory"．In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit; they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products （副产品）． In the past few years, however, Timothy Noakes from the University of Cape Town． South Africa, has examined this standard theory．Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain．The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion．When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness．This "Central Governor" theory remains controversial, but it does-explain many puzzling aspects of athletic performance． A recent discovery that Noakes calls the "lactic acid paradox" made him start researching this area seriously．Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness．But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 Nor has the oxygen content of their blood fallen too low for them to keep going．Obviously, something else was making them tire before they hit either of these physiological limits． Noakes conducted an experiment with seven cyclists．It has long been known that during exercise, the body never uses 100% of the available muscle fibres （纤维）．The amount used varies; but in some tasks such as this cycling test the body calls on about 30%．His team found that as tiredness set in, the electrical activity in cyclist's legs declined-even when they were making a great effort to cycle as fast as they could． To Noakes, this was strong evidence that the old theory was wrong．"The cyclists may have felt completely exhausted," he says, "but their bodies actually had considerable reserves that they could theoretically tap by using a greater amount of the resting fibres．" This, he believes; is the proof that the brain is regulating the pace of the workout to hold the well back from the point of extreme tiredness． 67, Which of the following is supported by the "Limitations Theory"? A．Tiredness is caused by signals from brain． B．Athletes feel tired when they use．up all their energy． C．The body uses 100% of the muscle fibres in exercise． D．Athletes become tired though lactic acid levels remain low． 68．Noakes has found out that . A．muscle fibres control athletes' movements B．lactic acid levels remain high in cycling test C．mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness D．different exercises use different amount of muscle fibres 69．It is likely that both theories accept that . A．lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise B．the oxygen content in blood may rise after sports C．tiredness is a harmful by-product of exercise D．the energy in human bodies can be 70．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The description of a new test． B．The explanation of the theory． C．The puzzling evidence of a study． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 D．The whole process of the research． 【参考答案】67—70、BCAC