2020届外研版高考英语一轮复习选修6学案：Module1SmallTalk

2020届外研版高考英语一轮复习选修6学案：Module1SmallTalk

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．yawn v．　　　　　　　　 打呵欠 ‎2．sigh v. 叹气，叹息_‎ ‎3．immigration n. 移民 ‎4．visa n. 签证 ‎5．reception n. 欢迎会；招待会 ‎6．embassy n. 使馆 ‎7．firm n. 公司 ‎8．outspoken adj.[纵联1] 直言不讳的，坦率的，不客气的 ‎9．motto n. 座右铭，格言 ‎10．coincidence n．[纵联2] 巧合 ‎11．mature adj. 成熟的 ‎12．tease v. 戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄 ‎13．contradict v. 反驳 ‎14．pregnant adj. 怀孕的 ‎15．acquaintance n. 熟人 ‎16．divorce n. 离婚，离异 ‎17．anniversary n. 周年纪念日 ‎18．violate v. 骚扰，妨碍，侵犯 ‎19．define v. 解释，给……下定义 ‎20．circumstance n. 情形，情况 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．lack v. 缺乏，缺少 ‎2．opportunity n. 机会 ‎3．prize n. 奖品，奖金 ‎ ‎4．tidy v. 使……整洁，整理 ‎ ‎5．favour n. 恩惠，照顾 ‎6．certain pron. 某些 ‎ ‎7．reply n. 回答，答复，回信 ‎8．shortcoming n. 缺点，短处 ‎9．awkward adj. 尴尬的 ‎10．typist n. 打字员 ‎11．customer n. 顾客，客户 ‎12．cautious adj.[纵联3] 谨慎的，慎重的，小心的 ‎13．anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何 ‎ ‎14．interrupt v. 打断 ‎15．function n. 功能 ‎ ‎16．purpose n. 目的 ‎17．form n. 表格 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．informal adj.非正式的→(反义词)formal adj.正式的 ‎2．serious adj.严肃的→seriously adv.严肃地 ‎3．confidently adv.自信地→confident adj.自信的→confidence n．信心；自信 ‎4．advance adj.预先的，在前的n.前进；进步 v．前进；提前→advanced adj.先进的；高级的 ‎ ‎5．application n．申请→apply v．申请；应用 ‎6．impolite adj.不礼貌的→impolitely adv.不礼貌地→polite adj.礼貌的[纵联4]‎ ‎7．absence n．缺乏，不存在→absent adj.缺席的，不在场的；缺少的，缺乏的 ‎8．apology n．道歉，致歉→apologise v．道歉 ‎9．messy adj.棘手的，难办的→mess n．脏或乱的状态 ‎10．modest adj.谦虚的，谦逊的→modesty n．谦虚，谦逊 ‎11．successful adj.成功的→success n．成功→succeed vi.成功vt.继任，接替 ‎12．imagine v．想象→imagination n．想象，想象力→imaginary adj.想象中的，假想的，虚构的→imaginative adj.富有想象力的 纵联1.“out＋分词”式合成形容词 ‎①outspoken　　　　　　　 直言不讳的，坦率的，不客气的 ‎②outspread 伸开的，展开的 ‎③outworn 过时的，陈腐的，无用的 ‎④outcast 被遗弃的；被逐出的 ‎⑤outgoing 外向的，友好的 ‎⑥outstanding 杰出的，突出的 纵联2.ence结尾名词集锦 ‎①coincidence巧合 ②absence缺乏，不存在 ‎③confidence信心 ④consequence结果 ‎⑤adolescence青春；青春期 ⑥competence能力；胜任 ‎⑦convenience便利 ⑧conscience良心，道德感 ‎⑨reference参考；查阅 ⑩preference喜爱；偏爱 纵联3.ious结尾形容词荟萃 ‎①cautious谨慎的 ②serious严肃的 ‎③ambitious有雄心的 ④curious好奇的 ‎ ‎⑤delicious美味的 ⑥obvious明显的 ‎ ‎⑦precious珍贵的 ⑧religious宗教的 ‎⑨unconscious无意识的 ⑩various多种多样的 纵联4.前缀im形容词表示“不……的”‎ ‎①impolite不礼貌的 ②impossible不可能的 ‎ ‎③impatient不耐烦的 ④immoral不道德的 ‎ ‎⑤imperfect不完美的 ⑥improper不合适的 单元话题——闲聊 子话题1　问候、介绍 ‎①regards n．问候，致意 ②respect n．敬意 ‎③greet vt.问候 ④greeting n．问候，打招呼 ‎⑤introduction n．介绍，引进 ⑥recommend vt.推荐；建议 子话题2　打电话 ‎①dial v．拨(电话号码) ②ring up打电话 ‎③get through接通(电话) ④hang on(打电话时)不挂断 ‎⑤hang up挂断电话 ⑥phone up打电话 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2014·湖南高考阅读A)Once all __❶__(apply) are in，you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September, 4－5 pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal❷ opportunity❸ to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.‎ ‎①用apply的正确形式填空：applications ‎②写出informal的反义词：formal ‎③写出opportunity在句中的含义：机会 ‎2．(2011·山东高考阅读表达)A textaholic can __❶__(define) as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence (优先) over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack❷ of selfconfidence❸ if messages fail to come in. ‎ ‎①用define的正确形式填空：be_defined ‎②写出lack在句中的含义：缺乏，缺少，常用短语a lack of＋n.意为：缺乏 ‎③confidence在此处意为：信心；自信；在本单元的同根副词是：confidently ‎3．(2009·江西高考阅读D)When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is a seal of consent, an agreement to take the matter __❶__(serious). Most governments and many organisations will not process writing complaints if they do not bear the writer's signature. The __❷__(absent) of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply❸.‎ ‎①用serious的正确形式填空：seriously ‎②用absent的正确形式填空：absence ‎③写出reply在句中的含义：回答，答复，回信 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我希望你能够抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。(opportunity)‎ I_wish_that_you_could_grasp_this_opportunity_to_learn_traditional_Chinese_culture further.‎ ‎2．(2017·浙江高考写作)而且我确实希望尽可能快地收到你的答复。(reply)‎ And_I_do_look_forward_to_receiving_your_reply_as_soon_as_possible.‎ ‎3．(2014·陕西高考书面表达)这个项目的目的是培养我们在英语学习上的兴趣以及听说方面的实际能力。(purpose)‎ The_purpose_of_this_programme_is_to_develop_our_interest_in_English_learning_and_practical_abilities_in_listening_and_speaking.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．lack v．缺乏，缺少n.缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)lack (for) sth.　　　 缺乏/缺少某物 ‎(2)(a) lack of ... 缺乏/缺少……‎ for lack of ... 因缺乏……‎ ‎(3)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的 be lacking in 缺少(品质、特点等)；在……方面缺乏 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①Though lacking (lack) experience, he soon got a higher pay by working hard. ‎ ‎②For lack of confidence, she is lacking (lack) in skills of communicating.‎ ‎③While college graduates complain of a lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers.‎ ‎[用准]　lack既可以作动词也可作名词。作及物动词时后面直接接宾语，不能用于被动语态；作不及物动词时，后常与介词for连用；作名词时，后面常接介词of。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④由于缺少空间，在大城市已经修建了越来越多的高楼。‎ More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space.‎ ‎2．advance adj.预先的，在前的v.前进；促进；提前n.前进，进展，进步；增长 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中advance的词性和含义 ① The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keepers sometimes had advance notice. adj.预先的，在前的 ‎②There have been great advances in medicine in the last ten years. n.进展，进步 ‎③This will further advance the friendly relations between the two countries. v.促进 ‎④The date of the meeting has been advanced from Friday to Monday. v.提前 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)in advance (＝ahead of time)　 预先；在前面 in advance of 比……进步；在……之前 make advances in 在……方面取得进展 ‎(2)advanced adj. 高级的；进步的；先进的 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎⑤This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.‎ ‎⑥(2015·北京高考)Thanks to the advanced (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. ‎ ‎[用准]　advance本身已有“向前”的意思，因此作动词时，后面不必再用forward。类似的动词还有：enter(进入)不与into连用，return(回来)不与back连用。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑦(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)此外，我建议您到书店买一本历史书，提前了解一下唐朝的历史，这可能有助于您更好地理解将要学习的唐诗。‎ Besides, I advise you to go to the bookstore to buy a history book and learn_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_which can help you better understand the Tang poems to be learned.‎ ‎3．absence n．缺乏，不存在 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)absence from　　　 缺席；不在 absence of mind 心不在焉 in the absence of (人)不在，缺席，(物)不存在，缺少 in/during one's absence 在某人不在时，在某人缺席时 ‎(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在场的(后置定语)‎ be absent from 缺席；不参加 ‎[练通]　‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In the absence of proof, the police could not take action against the man.‎ ‎②He was absent (absence) from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.‎ 补全句子 ‎③I will go on a business trip tomorrow. Mark will be in charge of the company in/during_my_absence.‎ 我明天要出差，我不在时由马克负责这个公司。‎ ‎[写美]　一句多译 很长时间没有上学后，我的老师和同学们都帮助我补习功课。‎ ‎④My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my_long_absence_from ‎_school. (absence)‎ ‎⑤My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after I_had_been_absent ‎ from_school_for_a_long_time. (absent)‎ ‎4．apology n．道歉，致歉 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉 ‎(2)apologise v. 道歉 apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I owe you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyhow I meant no offence.‎ ‎②She apologised (apology) for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.‎ 句型转换 ‎③If you are really wrong, you should apologise to your roommate. ‎ ‎→If you are really wrong, you should make_an_apology_to your roommate. (apology)‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④我衷心希望你能接受我的道歉并理解我。‎ I_sincerely_hope_that_you_can_accept_my_apology_and_understand_me.‎ ‎5．imagine v．想象 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)imagine (sb./sb.'s) doing sth.　 想象(某人)做某事 imagine sb./sth. as/to be ... 把某人/物想象成……‎ imagine＋从句 想象……‎ ‎(2)imagination n. 想象；想象力 beyond imagination 超乎想象，出乎意料 ‎[练通]　‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Can you imagine the man living (live) on a lonely island for three years?‎ ‎②I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine her as a kind and gentle person.‎ 补全句子 ‎③The scenery of nature there is so beautiful; in other words, it's beyond_imagination. ‎ 那儿的自然风光真的是太美了，换句话说，美得让人难以想象。‎ ‎[用准]　‎ imagine的宾语可以是名词、代词、从句、动名词以及动名词的复合结构，但不能为动词不定式。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④我经常想象未来我的生活会是什么样子。‎ I_often_imagine_what_my_life_will_be_like_in_the_future._‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The more learned a man is, the more modest (谦虚的) he usually is.‎ ‎2．He has determined to overcome his shortcoming (缺点) of not being punctual.‎ ‎3．I'd like to take this opportunity (机会) to thank everyone for their hard work on the project.‎ ‎4．The young girl expressed confidently (自信地) that she was fit for that task.‎ ‎5．It's a coincidence (巧合) that they were born in the same month and on the same day.‎ ‎6．I'm very cautious (谨慎的) about expressing my opinions in public.‎ ‎7．They were interrupted (打断) by a knock at the door.‎ ‎8．She went to Germany for the purpose (目的) of research.‎ ‎9．They voted in favour (支持) of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.‎ ‎10．He promised me that he would provide me with a satisfactory reply (答复)．‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It's generally agreed that small talk is a kind of informal(formal) talk about unimportant things.‎ ‎2．We have been very successful (success) in attracting young graduates to the company.‎ ‎3．Hard work and lack of sleep have worn out her beauty and youth in recent years.‎ ‎4．John's modesty (modest) makes him popular with his colleagues.‎ ‎5．It's difficult to imagine him accepting (accept) the decision without any hesitation.‎ ‎6．I'm writing to explain the reason why I was absent (absence) from your lecture last time.‎ ‎7．He stepped on my foot on purpose, not by chance, which made me very angry.‎ ‎8．It's impolite (polite) to ask others' income, marriage and age in most western countries.‎ ‎9．Hearing the news, I was excited and filled in the application (apply) form immediately.‎ ‎10．When she opened the door, she was greeted with a(n) messy (mess) scene, which made her very angry.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．As is known to all, China will be an advance and powerful country in the near future. advance→advanced ‎2．That he didn't reply my WeChat made me very angry. reply后加to ‎3．He began to take political science serious only when he left school.serious→seriously ‎4．Though lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university. lacked→lacking ‎5．You shouldn't have shouted to Mary, which you should apologise to her, I think. which前加for Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了出租车，而且起床很早。(advance)‎ To catch the early flight, we ordered_a_taxi_in_advance and got up very early.‎ ‎2．对我们来说很难想象在古代社会奴隶的生活是什么样的。(imagine)‎ It is difficult for us to imagine_what_life_was_like for slaves in the ancient society.‎ ‎3．健康问题和不良的饮食习惯以及缺少锻炼密切相关。(lack)‎ Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a_lack_of_exercise.‎ ‎4．对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。(apology)‎ Please accept_our_apology_for the inconvenience this matter has given you. ‎ ‎5．然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。(absence)‎ However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of a native language environment.‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．(be)_nervous_about　　　　 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安 ‎2．think_of 想起，回忆起 ‎3．look_away_from 把目光从……移开 ‎4．in_addition 除此之外，另外 ‎5．find_out 了解(到)；找出(信息)‎ ‎6．as_a_consequence [串记1] 因此，结果 ‎7．cheer_sb._up 使某人高兴/振作起来 ‎8．leave_out 省去，删去 ‎9．(be)_aware_of 知道 ‎10．show_off [串记2] 炫耀 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“原因、结果”短语串记 ‎①as a consequence 因此，结果 ‎②as a result (of) 作为……的结果 ‎③result in/from 导致/起因于 ‎④on account of 由于 ‎⑤because of 因为 ‎⑥bring about 带来，引起 ‎⑦lead to 导致 ‎⑧contribute to 导致 串记2.“v.＋off”短语集释 ‎①show off 炫耀 ‎②back off 放弃，后退 ‎③break off 中止，中断 ‎④call off 取消；停止进行 ‎⑤cool off 冷却，(使)冷静下来 ‎⑥clear off 消除；溜掉 ‎⑦cut off 切断 ‎⑧die off 先后死去，相继死去 ‎⑨pay off 偿清 ‎⑩ring off 挂断电话 ‎1．make friends　　　　　　　　 交朋友，建立友谊 ‎2．prepare sb. for ... 使某人为……做好准备 ‎3．conversation openers 开场白 ‎4．a certain colour 某种颜色 ‎5．put one's foot in one's mouth 犯使人难堪的错误，说错话 ‎6．be cautious about 对……小心/谨慎 ‎7．go through 经受，经历(苦难，困境等)‎ ‎8．take the lead 带头，领先 ‎9．at_this point 在这一点上；到这时 ‎10．have sth. in common 有共同之处 ‎1．Talk_to_a_man_about_himself,_and he will speak to you for hours!‎ 和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你说上几个小时。‎ ‎2．Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”‎ 她的“座右铭”是“每当我张口，就会讲错话”。‎ ‎3．It_is_estimated_that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.‎ 据估计80%的英语会话是闲聊。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2016·浙江高考完形填空)I made up my mind I would find_out (找到，找出) what was good in my present situation; I would look for the stars.‎ ‎2．(2014·重庆高考完形填空)Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be_aware_of (意识到，知道) those differences and respect them. ‎ ‎3．(2010·山东高考完形填空)Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would show_off (炫耀) all my hard work in a dance performance.‎ ‎4．(2013·山东高考完形填空)Every_time_I_came_into_her_room (每次我进入她的房间), she was so happy because she thought I was her daughter.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全句子/词汇升级)‎ ‎1．(2014·重庆高考写作)每当我看到它，就禁不住想起我的朋友。‎ Whenever I look at it, I couldn't_help_thinking_of_my_friend. ‎ ‎2．(2014·江西高考书面表达)Besides, we should learn how to get along well with others. (用本单元短语替换加黑部分)In_addition ‎3．(2013·福建高考书面表达)As a result, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.(用本单元短语替换加黑部分) As_a_consequence ‎4．(2017·北京高考书面表达)众所周知，长江是亚洲最长的河流，有许多著名的游览景点。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句)‎ It's_widely_known_that the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has so many wellknown sightseeing spots.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．in addition除此之外，另外 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)in addition＝besides/furthermore/what's more　　　　另外，而且 in addition to＝besides/apart from/as well as 除……之外还……‎ ‎(2)additional adj. 额外的，附加的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2016·四川高考)In addition, I can see different kinds of beautiful birds.‎ ‎②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Working out in the morning provides additional (addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.‎ 句型转换 ‎③Apart from the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.‎ ‎→In_addition_to_the_school,_the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.‎ 单句改错 ‎④In addition to read for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.read→reading ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)此外，许多作品将会在这个剪纸展上展出。‎ In_addition,_many_works_will_be_displayed_in_the_papercutting_exhibition.‎ ‎2．leave out省去，删去；遗漏；忽视，冷落；忽略 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中leave out的含义 ‎①All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽视，冷落 ‎②You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.省去，删去 ‎③He didn't say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose.遗漏 ‎④We left out the possibility of his coming to the party.忽略 ‎[记牢]‎ leave for　　　　　　　　　 动身去……‎ leave behind 遗留，遗忘；使落后 leave sb./sth. alone 不打扰某人/别管某事 leave sth. aside 不予考虑，搁在一边 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎⑤When you go camping, please do not leave behind any trash.‎ ‎⑥She wants to think things out quietly, so we had better leave her alone.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑦(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你能帮我看一下英语作文并检查一下我是否遗漏了一些信息，我将不胜感激。‎ I'd appreciate it if you could help me look through the English composition to check whether I have left_out_some_information.‎ ‎3．show off炫耀；卖弄 ‎[记牢]‎ show up　　　　　　　　 暴露，显露；来到，露面 show sb. in/out 带某人进来/出去 show sb. around 带领某人参观 on show 在展出 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①All the collections will be on show from June 16th to 18th in the City Museum. ‎ ‎②Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.‎ 词汇升级 ‎③When they appeared for their Sunday game, they were completely different.‎ ‎→When they showed_up for their Sunday game, they were completely different.‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④下午，我校的学生将带你参观海河。‎ In_the_afternoon,_the_students_in_our_school_will_show_you_around_the_Haihe_River.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．every time引导时间状语从句 ‎[教材原句]　Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)(2016·浙江高考)Every_time he arrived home at the end of the day, we'd greet him at ‎ the door.‎ 每一天他到家时，我们都会在门口迎接他。‎ ‎(2)The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.‎ 他第一次来到那个城市，他就决定在那里安家。‎ ‎(3)You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.‎ 你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。‎ ‎(4)On arriving (arrive) home, he set out to do his housework.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)every time是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，意为“每当……”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。‎ ‎(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： any time“任何时候”， next time“下次……时”， the last time“最后一次”， the＋序数词＋time“第……次”。‎ ‎ (3)the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant/second)意为“一……就……”‎ ‎(4)on/upon doing sth.“一……就……”‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)此类名词词组可单独引导时间状语从句，因此后面不再用when。‎ ‎(2)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2017·天津高考书面表达)I do hope that you can pay a visit to Tianjin every time you come to China.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·10月浙江高考写作)Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane tightly.(要点句)‎ ‎2．It is＋过去分词＋that从句 ‎[教材原句]　It_is_estimated_that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)(2015·安徽高考)It_is_reported_that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.‎ 据报道，一座空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。‎ ‎(2)It's_known_to_all_that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”‎ 众所周知，“有志者，事竟成。”‎ ‎(3)It_is_suggested_that all the people who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves.‎ 人们建议参加这次采摘苹果的所有人都要戴着帽子和手套。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎“It is＋过去分词＋that ...”结构常见的还有：‎ It is said that ... 据说……‎ It is reported that ... 据报道……‎ It is known to all that ... 众所周知……‎ It is hoped that ... 人们希望……‎ It is thought that ... 人们认为……‎ It is suggested that ... 人们建议……‎ It is believed that ... 人们相信/认为……‎ 注意事项 此句式可转化为含有as引导定语从句的复合句，也可以转化为“sb./sth. is＋过去分词＋to do/to have done ...”句型。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)It is reported that the weather there is very hot and dry, which is very different from that of your country.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)As is known to all, with the improvement of people's living standards, cars have become a popular means of transport.(开头句)‎ ‎(3)Tiring as it might be, the military training is believed to be the best opportunity to make lifelong friends.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 nervous about， think of， look away from， in addition， find out， as a consequence， cheer sb. up， leave out， aware of， show off ‎1．We must find_out when Karl is coming so that we can book a room for him.‎ ‎2．Looking at her large empty apartment, I became aware_of how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. ‎ ‎3．Whenever we hear about “the homeless”， most of us think_of the Developing World. ‎ ‎4．The most important word has been left_out,_so it doesn't make any sense.‎ ‎5．He was always diligent in his study and as_a_consequence received high marks.‎ ‎6．I am nervous_about my first day. You never know what's in store for you when you start a new job.‎ ‎7．You'd better stay in bed for a few days. In_addition,_you should drink more water.‎ ‎8．He failed in the driving test and looked sad. Let's cheer him up.‎ ‎9．Mike has only driven to the pub to show_off his new car — he usually walks!‎ ‎10．If you look_away_from a person or yawn, he may think you are not interested in him.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示翻译/补全句子 ‎1．建议你花更多的时间学习英语。(It is＋过去分词＋that从句)‎ It_is_suggested_that_you_should_spend_more_time_studying_English.‎ ‎2．多锻炼，你就会更强壮、更健康。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)‎ Take_more_exercise,_and you'll become stronger and healthier.‎ ‎3．每次他想要放弃的时候，他都提醒自己他要养活一家人。(every time)‎ Every_time_he_felt_like_giving_up,_he reminded himself that he had a family to support. ‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，近日你收到英国朋友Alice的邮件，以下是邮件内容：‎ Dear Li Hua，‎ How are you doing these days? I'm having some problems and would like to get your advice.‎ My parents want me to spend my summer with them this year but I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends. I love my parents but sometimes they are overprotective. I feel that I am old enough and responsible enough to go away without their supervision (监管)．‎ Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated.‎ Yours，‎ Alice 请你给Alice回复一封电子邮件。内容包括：‎ ‎1．回应她的请求；‎ ‎2．说明你的观点；‎ ‎3．提出建议并说明理由。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本文属于应用文中的电子邮件，时态以一般现在时为主，人称为第一和第二人称。文章可分为三个层次：开头应表达收到对方邮件的心情。主体部分应根据题目所给的邮件和三个要点进行构思，在写作要点时不可脱离邮件，天马行空，如回应她的请求，首先了解邮件中的请求“go away without their supervision”‎ ‎，即不想受到父母的监管，写作时就可以给予回应她父母这样做的原因(担心安全)；说明个人观点时要依据Alice邮件中提到的“I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends”，据此，你的观点明了，“对于青少年来说和朋友一起去某地是个好主意”，Alice这时就应先和父母谈一谈；同时，在说明你的理由时就可以依据父母同不同意她这样做来写。结尾表达自己的希望和祝愿。‎ 开头语：很高兴收到你征求我建议的邮件。(It's my pleasure to do ...)‎ It's_my_pleasure_to_receive_your_email_asking_for_my_advice.‎ 要点1：我猜想他们不同意你的原因是担心你的安全。(the reason why ... is that ...)‎ I_guess_the_reason_why_they_don't_agree_with_you_is_that_they_are_concerned_about_your_safety.‎ 要点2：对于青少年来说和朋友一起去某地是个好主意。(it's a good idea for sb. to do sth.)‎ It's_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_somewhere_with_friends.‎ 要点3－①：你应该和父母谈一谈。‎ You_should_have_a_talk_with_your_parents.‎ 要点3－②：如果他们同意，你最好事先为你的旅行做一个详细的计划。‎ If_they_agree,_you'd_better_make_a_detailed_plan_for_your_travel_in_advance.‎ 要点3－③：如果他们不同意，你最好尊重他们。(if省略句)‎ If_not,_you'd_better_show_respect_for_them.‎ 结尾语：祝你暑假愉快。‎ I_wish_you_a_pleasant_summer_vacation.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，并且符合题目的要求，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展。例如要点2可以用状语从句来说明和朋友去某地的好处；要点3－①可就她和她父母谈话的内容进行拓展，根据Alice的邮件可知，Alice认为她长大了(I feel that I am old enough and responsible enough)，故拓展内容“你应该试着说服你的父母你已经长大了，可以适当地处理事情了”；要点3－②可以拓展为把旅行计划做得更具体，“包括你的目的地和交通工具”，从而会让父母放心。‎ 拓展要点2：对于青少年来说和朋友一起去某个地方是个好主意，因为旅行不仅有利于放松心情而且可以结交新朋友并体验新的文化。(用for引导的原因状语从句， not only ...but also ...)‎ It's_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_somewhere_with_friends,_for_traveling_helps_us_not_only_ease_our_mind_but_also_make_new_friends_and_experience_new_culture.‎ 拓展要点3－①：你应该和父母谈一谈，试着说服他们你已经长大了，可以适当地处理事情了。(用现在分词短语作状语)‎ You_should_have_a_talk_with_your_parents,_trying_to_persuade_them_you_are_old_‎ enough_to_manage_things_properly.‎ 拓展要点3－②：如果他们同意，你最好事先为你的旅行做一个详细的计划，其中包括你的目的地和交通工具。(including介词短语)‎ If_they_agree,_you'd_better_make_a_detailed_plan_for_your_travel_in_advance,_including_your_destination_and_your_means_of_transportation.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本文写作有三个层次，可采用三段式行文，注意要点2和要点3是一个整体，而开头语和要点1可作为第一段。在提出个人的建议时需要一个总起句来统领，可加上一句“Here are my tips for you.”引出自己的建议；在连句成文时可增加连接词in my view， first， second和anyway等，以使文章过渡自然，衔接紧凑。‎ Dear_Alice，‎ It's_my_pleasure_to_receive_your_email_asking_for_my_advice._I_guess_the_reason_why_they_don't_agree_with_you_is_that_they_are_concerned_about_your_safety.‎ In_my_view,_it's_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_somewhere_with_friends,_for_traveling_helps_us_not_only_ease_our_mind_but_also_make_new_friends_and_experience_new_culture._Here_are_my_tips_for_you._First,_you_should_have_a_talk_with_your_parents,_trying_to_persuade_them_you_are_old_enough_to_manage_things_properly._Second,_if_they_agree,_you'd_better_make_a_detailed_plan_for_your_travel_in_advance_including_your_destination_and_your_means_of_transportation._If_not,_you'd_better_show_respect_for_them.‎ Anyway,_I_wish_you_a_pleasant_summer_vacation.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua