山东省烟台市2019-2020高一英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

山东省烟台市2019-2020高一英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

2019-2020 学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语试题 说明: 本试卷由四个部分组成，共 11 页，满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。请把答案全 部涂 写在答题卡上，考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分听力(共两节，満分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案 转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来 回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old will Emily be this year? A. 29. B. 30. C. 31. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: How old is Emily turning this year? Didn’t she just have her 30th birthday last year? W: No, she turned 29 last year. This year is her 30th. Maybe you are thinking of her sister, who will be 31this year. 2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is the girl probably talking to? A. Her father. B. Her brother. C. Her teacher. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Will you tell Sam to give me back my pencil? I’m trying to do my homework. M: Sam, please give your sister back her pencil. You can get one in your mom’s office. 3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the woman get the birthday gift from her grandma? A. A week ago. B. Two weeks ago. C. A month ago. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Did you send your grandma a thank-you card yet? It’s been a month since she gave you that present for your birthday. W: Yes, I put it in the mail two weeks ago. Hopefully, she will get it sometime this week. 4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why don't the speakers see a movie now? A. They don't know where the movie theater is. B. They want to enjoy the nice weather first. C. They are already on a walk. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Oh, wow! I didn’t know this mall had a movie theater. Would you like to see a movie? W: I guess we could. But it’s a really nice day outside, and I was hoping to go for a walk. M: OK, we can come back later after we have a walk. 5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do for the woman? A. Teach her French. B. Review the course with her. C. Tell the stories in English. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: My reading of French is so slow that I’ll never finish these stories before the test. M: I read them when I took that course last year. I can tell you about them in English right now, and then you’ll pass the test. 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题屮所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独口前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What will the girl take with her? A. A jacket. B. Some dresses. C. An umbrella. 7. Who will pick up the girl? A. Her aunt. B. Her uncle. C. Her cousin. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Dad, I’m flying to visit Aunt Diane’s family next Monday. Should I pack my bags today? M: Yes, I think so. W: OK! What clothes should I take? I know it’s hot there. M: Yes, but it rains a lot. You can borrow an umbrella or a jacket if it’s wet. Just pack some dresses. W: OK. And who’s meeting me at the airport? M: Well, Aunt Diane and Uncle Matt will be at work, but your cousin David can pick you up. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What does the man's apartment look like? A. Beautiful. B. Untidy. C. Large. 9. What are the speakers going to do? A. Have a meal together. B. Clean up the room. C. Go home. 【答案】8. B 9. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Anna, come in. W: Wow, your apartment is a mess. M: I know. I didn’t have time to put things away before you got here. W: Anyway, are you ready to go? M: No, I’m not ready yet. I still have to brush my teeth and wash my face. Can you wait for a few minutes? W: OK, but please hurry. I think the restaurant is closing soon. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How did the woman sound at first? A. Excited. B. Bored. C. Angry. 11. Why didn't the man want to come downstairs at first? A. He wasn't feeling well. B. He was too lazy to move. C. He was watching a movie. 12. What did the woman show the man? A. A new camera. B. A snow-covered tree. C. A fantastic building. 【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Steve, come quickly! There is something I want to show you. M: I can’t come now. I’m in the middle of a movie. Can it wait? W: It can’t wait! Hurry up! Come here. M: OK, I’m coming. W: Faster! M: Calm down! What is so important? W: Just look at that tree! M: What about it? W: See how beautiful it looks, all covered in snow? Isn’t it beautiful? M: You made me run down the stairs in a hurry to show me a tree covered in snow? W: Hurry up and get the camera! M: Wait a minute, Barbara. You really called me down here just to show me this stupid tree? W: Are you still standing here? Why haven’t you gotten the camera out yet? M: I’m going back to watch my movie. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Why can't the woman stand the man living upstairs? A. He often knocks on her door. B. He plays the piano too late into the night. C. He always borrows things from her. 14. Who is Susan? A. The woman's sister. B. The woman's neighbor. C. Jennifer's former roommate. 15. What does the woman say about Susan? A. She is a nice girl. B. She does well in exams. C. She sleeps well every night. 16. What will the woman probably do next? A. Call Susan for help. B. Move into a new apartment. C. Prepare for her exams. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Ivy, how do you like your new apartment? W:Well, I wish I hadn’t moved in. The man who lives upstairs often plays the piano until midnight. I really can’t stand it. M: Why don’t you ask him to stop? W: I’ve tried, but it doesn’t work. What’s worse, he isn’t the only one that I cannot stand. The woman who lives next door often comes over to borrow things, but she never returns anything. M: Then don’t lend her anything! W: Now I don’t even open the door when she knocks. I’m afraid I’ll have to move again. M: You can move in with my sister Susan. The girl who was sharing her apartment, Jennifer, has moved out, so she has an extra room now. W: That’s great. Your sister is such a great girl. I’ll call her and move in with her as soon as possible. After all, I need to sleep well every night in order to do well in the coming exams. 听下面一段较独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How can you pay in the TWU Cafeteria? A By signing your name. B. By using your mobile phone. C. By using your ID cards. 18. Where can you cook? A. In the Globe. B. In the TWU Cafeteria. C. In the Douglas Hall. 19. What do we know about the Wellness Center? A. It is open on workdays. B. It offers service free of charge. C. It only gives advice on mental health. 20. When can the students take the TWU Express? A. At 7 a.m. on Sundays. B. At noon on Thursdays. C. At 2 p.m. on Saturdays. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Welcome to our university. Here are some facilities I’d like to introduce. I hope you all have a good life here. Food-The TWU(Trinity Western University) Cafeteria is open from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. It serves snacks, drinks, ice-cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, have meetings or study. Relaxation-The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 a.m. to 10 p.m., closed on Sundays. Health-Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Center offers physical, emotional and social health service. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to noon and 1:00 to 4:30 p.m. Transportation-The TWU Express is a round-trip service. It transports students between campus and the shopping center, leaving from the Mattson Center. Running hours are between 8 a.m. and 3 p.m. Saturdays only. Round-trip fare is $1. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A If you really want to enjoy what Bermuda has to offer, cruising (乘船游览) there is the way to go. Not only is it fun, it is also affordable. It’s advisable to come in summer (Mid May- August). BOOKING YOUR CRUISE Most tourists prefer small cruise lines that dock in downtown Hamilton. It’s an ideal destination since it’s right on Front Street, from where you can easily get to Hamilton, the capital of Bermuda, and other parts of the island. Large cruise lines dock at Royal Navy Dockyard, which is inconveniently situated at the far western end of the Island. TRANSPORTATION Getting off a small cruise, you can easily go to Hamilton and other places by bus. From Royal Navy Dockyard, you can take a bus, a taxi or a boat. The most saving way of travelling around is by buying a day’s pass. You will enjoy unlimited transportation services using any public means. ATTRACTIONS The Bermuda Caves (洞穴) This is a popular attraction that you have to tour. Anyone who loves to explore caves will definitely enjoy this place. You’d better wear sports shoes as some caves are a bit wet and slippery. Beaches of Bermuda Your trip to Bermuda is surely incomplete without spending some time at the amazing pink-sand beaches. Try Tobacco Bay and Horseshoe Bay, which are suitable for family visits. Bermuda is the world’s most famous shipwreck (沉船) site. If you’re a good diver, there are too many shipwrecks waiting to be discovered. Sea Glass If you want to pass time doing something for fun, head straight to the Alexander battery beach to collect lots of sea glass. 21. When is the best time to cruise Bermuda? A. April. B. July. C. October. D. November. 22. What does the author suggest a tourist do? A. Buy a day’s pass to travel around the island. B. Book a small ship at Royal Navy Dockyard. C. Keep away from the crowded beaches. D. Collect sea glass at Horseshoe Bay. 23. What is most likely to be an adventurer’s dream about Bermuda? A. Exploring the far eastern end of the island. B. Taking a bus to visit the capital city. C. Diving to discover sunken ships. D. Walking in the Bermuda Caves. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 【解析】 这是一篇运用文。文章介绍了游玩 Bermuda 的须知，介绍了 Bermuda 的一些旅游景点。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 It’s advisable to come in summer (Mid May- August).可知，乘坐游艇的 最佳时间是 5 月中旬至 8 月。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 TRANSPORTATION 部分中的 The most saving way of travelling around is by buying a day’s pass.可知，最省钱的旅行方式是买一天的通行证。由此可知，作者建议游客买 一天的通行证在岛上游览。故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Beaches of Bermuda 部分中的 Bermuda is the world’s most famous shipwreck (沉船) site. If you’re a good diver, there are too many shipwrecks waiting to be discovered.可知，百 慕大是世界上最著名的海难遗址。如果你是个潜水高手，有太多沉船等着你去发现。由此推 知，潜水发现沉船很可能是冒险家们在百慕大的梦想。故选 C 项。 B Three weeks ago, we were living paycheck to paycheck. We survived on my husband’s low-paid job and my disability. We have kids. Also, I was experiencing a terrible tumor (肿瘤)on my neck, leaving me staying in bed in extreme pain, but the operation was to be $8,000, out of pocket, because Medicare only covers 80%. To take me to the hospital, my husband took a day off work. At 7 am, his boss called. He was being placed on paid leaving, waiting for an investigation into a mistake he had made at work. We both panicked. Having slowly worked our way out of poverty (贫穷) for 8 years, we were so close to being OK and it was ail falling away. As my husband was a great worker, we decided to stay positive and hope for the best. However, two days later he received the official phone call-he was fired. Having no savings to pay bills, we cried hopelessly. We went to the welfare office only to be told that he couldn’t collect unemployment for 8 weeks, meaning he had the possibility of having $0 income for two months. It was terrifying. With only enough food to last for about a week, we applied for food stamps and Medicaid. Then we worked together- diving into job applications. After sending out resumes (简历)to everywhere in the field, he came across some promising companies. We kept our fingers crossed. Hopefully, we could get out of trouble as early as possible. Soon I got a phone call-my neck operation was going to be free now that we were poor again. And my husband got an email invitation for a video interview and it went great. He would be paid $3 more an hour than his last job. What a roller coaster ride! 24. What was the family like before the husband got fired? A. They showed little concern for each other. B. They lived in an extremely poor area. C. They could hardly make ends meet. D. They led a rich and comfortable life. 25. Why did the boss call the husband? A. To ask him about the truth. B. To tell him about a decision. C. To persuade him to quit his job. D. To warn him to mind his work attitude. 26 What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. We were uncertain about our future. B. We waited hopelessly. C. We felt more and more nervous. D. We wished ourselves good luck 27. What life lesson has the author learned from her experience? A. Many hands make light work. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. When one door shuts, another opens. D. One false step makes a great difference. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中描述了家庭的种种困难，更糟糕的是在家庭收入入不敷出时 丈夫又失业了没有收入，作者和丈夫绝望地哭了起来。但是当一扇门关闭的时候，生活会为 你开启另一扇门，最后作者的颈部手术免费，丈夫收到了一个视频面试的电子邮件邀请，一 切都很顺利，而且每小时的工资将比上一份工作多了 3 美元。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Three weeks ago, we were living paycheck to paycheck. We survived on my husband’s low-paid job and my disability. We have kids. 三个星期前，我们靠薪水过日子。 我们从丈夫的低薪工作和我的残疾中坚持生活。我们有孩子。可知，丈夫被解雇前，他们家 里的生活几乎入不敷出。故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 At 7 am, his boss called. He was being placed on paid leaving, waiting for an investigation into a mistake he had made at work. 早上 7 点，他的老板打来电话。他被安排 带薪休假，等待对他在工作中犯下的错误进行调查。可知，老板打电话给丈夫是告诉他一个 决定。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段中 After sending out resumes (简历)to everywhere in the field, he came across some promising companies. We kept our fingers crossed. Hopefully, we could get out of trouble as early as possible. 在四处投递简历后，他遇到了一些很有前途的公司。我们祈求好运。 希望我们能尽早摆脱困境。由作者表达希望他们能早日摆脱困境，可知，作者祈祷他们得到 好运，因此猜测划线句 We kept our fingers crossed 意为“我们祈求自己好运”。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Soon I got a phone call-my neck operation was going to be free now that we were poor again. And my husband got an email invitation for a video interview and it went great. He would be paid $3 more an hour than his last job. What a roller coaster ride! 不久，我接到 了一个电话——由于我们又变穷了，我的颈部手术将免费。我丈夫收到了一个视频面试的电 子邮件邀请，一切都很顺利。他每小时的工资将比上一份工作多 3 美元。真是坐过山车啊！ 可知，作者从她的经历中明白了当一扇门关闭的时候，生活会为你开启另一扇门的道理。故 选 C 项。 C Going on vacation can be challenging for people with physical disabilities. Hotels aren't always clear about how accessible (可进入)they are and the adaptive equipment needed to participate in certain activities can be expensive or difficult to obtain. This is where the online travel marketplace Wheel the World comes in. The website connects physically disabled people with special tour packages, depending on the person's needs. Today Wheel the World offers over 30 accessible destinations in the U.S. and abroad. They've served almost 900 disabled people, their family, and friends. Travelers can sign up for trips to destinations such as New York, Hawaii, Paris, London, and Kruger National Park in South Africa. Trip packages can include adaptive equipment such as wheelchairs, which can be used on the beach and in the ocean, and kayaks (皮艇)，which can help those disabled to kayak. The team also checks the accessibility of destinations themselves, evaluating things such as door widths, bed heights, bathrooms' accessibility and if lifts are functioning. Silberstein, the company's founder, says there are some trips that are suitable for blind people, though Wheel the World focuses on people with mobility issues. And in the future, they plan to include trips for people with hearing loss, and people with emotional disabilities. “One of the biggest barriers for travelers with physical disabilities is finding information about accessible trips, which is a gap Wheel the World aims to close,” says Silberstein. Wheel the World is working to enlarge tours in Europe-currently their website lists London and Paris as the only destinations on the continent, but their eventual goal is much higher. “We want to allow millions of disabled people to travel to thousands of destinations,” Silberstein says. 28. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To show the great success Wheel the World has gained. B. To tell us the difficulties the disabled face in life. C. To introduce the background of Wheel the World. D. To remind us of the problems with hotel service. 29. What does Wheel the World focus on? A. Collecting travel information for tourists. B. Increasing the online sales of wheelchairs. C. Extending travel business to the whole world. D. Providing proper travel services for the disabled. 30. What does the text mainly tell us? A. Silberstein has made significant contributions to global tourism. B. Wheel the World helps people with disabilities enjoy their vacations. C. Advanced equipment is enabling the disabled to travel around the world. D. Tour packages intended for blind and deaf tourists have won wide recognition. 31. Which of the following can best describe Silberstein? A. Thoughtful and full-hearted. B. Determined and humorous. C. Flexible but aimless. D. Creative but hesitant. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个名为 Wheel the World 的网站，该网站根据残疾人的需要，为 残疾人提供适合的旅游服务。 【28 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Going on vacation can be...are and the adaptive equipment needed to participate in certain activities can be expensive or difficult to obtain.”可知度假对于残疾人来说 很难，接着第二段第一句“This is where the online travel marketplace Wheel the World comes in. ”表明这就是在线旅游市场网站 Wheel the World 起作用的地方。由此推断第一段就是为了 介绍创办 Wheel the World 网站的背景。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The website connects physically disabled people with special tour packages, depending on the person's needs.”可知该网站根据残疾人的需要，为残疾人提供特殊 的旅游套餐。也就是为残疾人提供合适的旅游服务。故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 主旨大意题。结合第 1 小题可知作者通过第一段介绍了 Wheel the World 网站出现的背景，第 三段详细介绍了该网站是如何为残疾人提供旅游服务的，第四段围绕网站创始人阐述了网站 的关注重点和未来计划，最后一段描述了该网站的努力方向。整篇文章都是围绕着 Wheel the World 这个为残疾人提供旅游服务的网站在写，故 B 项（Wheel the World 帮助残疾人享受假期） 最能够概括文章的大意。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“ they plan to include trips for people with hearing loss, and people with emotional disabilities. One of the biggest barriers for travelers with physical disabilities is finding information about accessible trips, which is a gap Wheel the World aims to close,” says Silberstein.”可知西尔伯斯坦说，在未来，他们计划为听力丧失的人和有情感障碍的人提供旅 行服务。对身体残疾的旅行者来说，最大的障碍之一是寻找关于他们也可以去的旅行的信息， 而他的网站旨在（帮助残疾人）克服这一障碍。由此可以看出西尔伯斯坦是个体贴（thoughtful） 又全心全意为残疾人着想（full-hearted）的人。故选 A 项。 D Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-oId English inventor, has used skin and scales (鳞)from fish to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks. Her invention won this year's James Dyson Award. Ms. Hughes was very aware of how wasteful many products are. Plastic items (物品)，for example, are often made from new plastic, used once for a short time, and then thrown away. She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead. Fishing is a big business in England, and the University of Sussex where Ms. Hughes studied wasn't far from the coast. She spent some time studying the fishing business, and the things that were thrown away. She was amazed by the amount of waste from fish that gets thrown away. After some tests, Ms. Hughes decided that the fish skin and scales seemed like the most likely parts for her product. But then she needed something to bind (hold the material together) with. She found that red algae (红藻)was the best binder. Ms. Hughes called her finished product “MarinaTex”, which is clear and feels like plastic, but stronger than regular plastic of the same thickness. MarinaTex is also cheap to make since it's made from fish waste. Ms. Hughes says that the waste from one Atlantic cod (a fish) could make 1,400 bags. The process of making MarinaTex also doesn't use much energy. Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down. Ms. Hughes thinks that one of the best uses for MarinaTex will be in some kinds of food packaging where plastic is currently being used. Ms. Hughes is looking forward to moving ahead with her idea. She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. 32. Why did Lucy Hughes invent MarinaTex? A. To turn waste into treasure. B. To win James Dyson Award. C. To gain people's wide attention. D. To help the local fishing business. 33. What is MarinaTex's greatest advantage over traditional plastic? A. It is of higher quality. B. It is more convenient to use. C. Its production cost is fairly low. D. It can break down in a short time. 34. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. MarinaTex has been put to practical use. B. Lucy Hughes hopes for more fund support. C. Lucy Hughes intends to improve her invention. D. MarinaTex will replace regular plastic in food packaging. 35. What can be the best title for the text? A. Red Algae: the Best Binder to Hold Materials B. Young Inventor Creates Plastic from Fish Skin C. Fish Waste Has Affected the Environment Seriously D. Lucy Hughes: an English Inventor Won James Dyson Award 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国的 Hughes 女士发明了一种由鱼皮和鱼鳞制成的新型塑料， 相较于传统塑料有着诸多优点。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead.可知，Hughes 注意到塑料制品的浪费情况很普遍，因此想将垃圾变废为宝，才催 生了后来的发明。故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句 Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down.可知，MarinaTex 相较于传统塑料，最大的优点就在于分解不用花太长时间，这在 文章一开始就特别点明了。故选 D 项。 【34 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句 She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible.可知，Hughes 还在想办法改进目前的配方，并希望得到的奖金能帮助她 加快研究进程，显然这一过程是需要资金支持的，Hughes 也是需要资金支持的。故选 C 项。 【35 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-oId English inventor, has used skin and scales (鳞)from fish to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks.可知，文 章第一句话就点明了主要内容，24 岁的英国发明家用鱼鳞、鱼皮创造出一种新型塑料，B 选 项完全切合这一主题，符合文意。故选 B 项。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为 多余选项。 It comes as no surprise that exercise is good for your health. Positive changes happen to your body before, during, and after a workout. ___36___ Build up your body There are quite a few scientific reasons to do strength training. It makes muscles (肌肉) bigger and bones stronger, thus lowering the risk for certain diseases. Running is an easy but effective way to help build your muscles. ___37___ But a recent study found that a short run can benefit the legs in the short term. And for now, experts say running has more benefits than risks. Improve your brainpower Exercise can help your brain, not just your body. Physical activity helps brain cells (细胞) grow. ___38___ That’s because physical exercise quickly increases a person's heart rate and carries more blood to the brain, improving the brainpower. Establish a mind-body connection Too much stress can lead to inflammation (炎症).___39___ But simple mind-body exercises like yoga can not only reduce inflammation but also lower the risk of depression. New research shows they can even change your genes to fight off poor health. Research proves that even just 15 minutes a day of practicing mindfulness seems to do the trick. ___40___ National guidelines recommend more than two hours of physical activity each week. But science says people who pack that amount into one or two days get about the same benefits. Either way, get moving is the key! A. It is the body’s painful response to injury and overuse. B. Mindful exercises can improve your long-term well-being. C. Then what is the proper amount of exercise you should take? D. And moving more appears to lower the chances of memory loss. E. Recent research shows more detail about the benefits of exercise. F. Exercise can also help people deal better with anger and feel happier. G. Some believe the activity can damage the knees or cause other injuries. 【答案】36. E 37. G 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。锻炼对你的健康有好处，在锻炼前，锻炼中，锻炼后，你的身体会发生积 极的变化。本文介绍了更多关于锻炼益处的细节。 【36 题详解】 上文提示“在锻炼前，锻炼中，锻炼后，你的身体会发生积极的变化。”承接上文，E 项 Recent research shows more detail about the benefits of exercise.(最近的研究显示了更多关于锻炼益处的 细节)切题。故选 E。 【37 题详解】 根据上文提示“跑步是一种简单但有效的锻炼肌肉的方法。”再根据下文提示“但是最近的 一项研究发现，短时间的跑步对腿有好处。”承接上下文，G 项 Some believe the activity can damage the knees or cause other injuries.(一些人认为这种活动会损害膝盖或导致其他伤害)切 题。故选 G。 【38 题详解】 根据上文提示“体育活动有助于脑细胞生长。”再根据下文提示“这是因为体育锻炼能快速 提高人的心率，并为大脑输送更多的血液，从而提高脑力。”承接上下文，D 项 And moving more appears to lower the chances of memory loss.(更多的运动似乎可以降低失忆的几率)切题。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 根据上文提示“压力过大会导致炎症。”再根据下文提示“但是简单的身心运动，比如瑜伽， 不仅可以减少炎症，还可以降低抑郁的风险。”承接上下文，A 项 It is the body's painful response to injury and overuse.(它是身体对受伤和过度使用的痛苦反应)切题。故选 A。 【40 题详解】 根据下文提示“国家指南建议每周进行两小时以上的体育锻炼。”承接下文，C 项 Then what is the proper amount of exercise you should take?(那么你应该进行的适当运动量是多少呢？)切题。 故选 C。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空 白处 的最佳选项。 Yesterday, a salesman called me to sell his phone plans. I was at work and while I usually don’t like spending time on those things, I ___41___ myself that I couldn’t talk yet and ___42___that he call me back at 6 pm. That’s what he did. So we talked about 20 minutes. He ___43___ to me his different phone plans. While listening to him, sometimes I was ___44___in my thoughts. I gave several “hmm hmm”, as a sign of agreement and to ___45___that I was still there. Sometimes, I felt a bit___46___. But I stayed calm and ___47___ until the end of the discussion. Finally, he said the following to me: “Thank you, Olivier. You are the first person in a long time with whom I had an enjoyable conversation. ___48___, people shout at us and slam down the phone. Today, since 10 am, I hadn't had a phone ___49___ without an offense (触怒). I know you had a long day at work and you could have _____50_____ in front of your TV. But you listened so carefully to me. I am _____51_____ and I sincerely thank you.” It set me thinking. He had been the _____52_____ of verbal violence (语言暴力) all through his working day. Physical _____53_____ do not exist in this situation but dehumanization (非人性) seems to happen. _____54_____, he was only doing his job. I felt a sense of _____55_____ that I hadn't treated him so rudely. 41. A. found B. excused C. reminded D. forgave 42. A. replied B. agreed C. suggested D. ordered 43. A. explained B. admitted C. apologized D. reported 44. A. stuck B. involved C. interested D. lost 45. A. announce B. ensure C. confirm D. imagine 46. A. impatient B. discouraged C. concerned D. nervous 47. A. generous B. reliable C. cheerful D. polite 48. A. Unexpectedly B. Usually C. Eventually D. Similarly 49. A. meeting B. interview C. conversation D. appointment 50 A. relaxed B. slept C. talked D. played 51. A. annoyed B. proud C. touched D. curious 52. A. proof B. target C. supporter D. result 53. A. activities B. exercises C. disabilities D. conflicts 54. A. Yet B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Instead 55. A. honor B. loss C. relief D. trust 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，一个电信公司销售员给作者打电话推销电话套餐，作者借口 自己无法说话，并建议他之后再打，晚上，作者接到了电话，销售员很感动并感谢作者的耐 心，因为销售员经常在工作期间成为了语言暴力的对象。 【41 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我借口自己还不能说话。A. found 发现；B. excused 借口，找理 由；C. reminded 提醒；D. forgave 原谅。由上文的 I was at work and while I usually don’t like spending time on those things 可知，作者是借口不能说话。故选 B 项。 【42 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：并建议他下午 6 点给我回电话。A. replied 回答；B. agreed 同意；C. suggested 建议；D. ordered 命令。由上文语境可知，作者借口不能说话，所以建议销售员在下 午 6 点给他回电话。故选 C 项。 【43 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向我解释了他不同的电话套餐。A. explained 解释；B. admitted 承认；C. apologized 道歉；D. reported 报道。由上文的 So we talked about 20 minutes 可知，他 们聊天了，所以销售员会对作者解释不同的电话套餐。故选 A 项。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在听他的时候，有时我会陷入沉思。A. stuck 坚持；B. involved 卷 入；C. interested 感兴趣；D. lost 失去。由下文的 I gave several “hmm hmm”可知，作者并未认 真听讲，而是陷入沉思，lose in one’s thoughts 固定搭配，意为“陷入沉思”。故选 D 项。 【45 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了几个“嗯哼”，表示同意，并确认我还在那里。A. announce 宣布；B. ensure 确保；C. confirm 确认；D. imagine 想象。由上文的 I gave several “hmm hmm”, as a sign of agreement 和下文的 I was still there 可知，作者用 hmm hmm 确认自己还在听讲。故 选 C 项。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我觉得有点不耐烦。A. impatient 不耐烦的；B. discouraged 泄气的；C. concerned 担心的；D. nervous 紧张的。由下文的 But I stayed calm 可知，作者不耐 烦但还是保持了冷静。故选 A 项。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在讨论结束前，我一直保持冷静和礼貌。A. generous 慷慨的； B. reliable 可靠的；C. cheerful 令人愉快的；D. polite 礼貌的。由上文的 I stayed calm 可知，此 处意为保持冷静与礼貌，才结束对话。故选 D 项。 【48 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，人们对我们大喊大叫，然后砰的一声关上电话。A. Unexpectedly 意外地；B. Usually 通常；C. Eventually 最终地；D. Similarly 相似地。由上文语境可知，作者 是第一个长时间听他讲话的人，可知，通常人们对销售员大喊大叫然后挂电话。故选 B 项。 【49 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天上午 10 点起，我就没有一次毫无冒犯的电话交谈。A. meeting 会议；B. interview 面试；C. conversation 对话；D. appointment 约定，约会。销售员是电话销 售员，由上文的 You are the first person in a long time with whom I had an enjoyable conversation 可知，此处意为“电话对话”。故选 C 项。 【50 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道你工作了一整天，你本可以在电视机前放松一下。A. relaxed 放松；B. slept 睡觉；C. talked 谈话；D. played 玩。由下文的 in front of your TV 可知，作者本 可以在电视前放松的（但作者选择了听销售员推销电话套餐）。故选 A 项。 【51 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感动，我真诚地感谢你。A. annoyed 恼怒的；B. proud 骄傲 的；C. touched 感动的；D. curious 好奇的。由下文的 I sincerely thank you 可知，销售员很感动， 所以感谢作者。故选 C 项。 【52 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在整个工作日都是语言暴力的目标。A. proof 证据；B. target 目 标；C. supporter 支持者；D. result 结果。由上文的 people shout at us and slam down the phone 可知，销售员成了语言暴力的目标。故选 B 项。 【53 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下不存在身体冲突，但似乎发生了非人化的事情。A. activities 活动；B. exercises 练习；C. disabilities 残疾；D. conflicts 冲突。由上文的 He had been the __12__ of verbal violence (语言暴力) all through his working day 可知，不存在身体冲突。故 选 D 项。 【54 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他只是在做他的工作。A. Yet 然而；B. Besides 此外；C. Otherwise 否则；D. Instead 代替。由语境可知，前后两句表转折，应用 Yet。故选 A 项。 【55 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有对他那么粗鲁，感到如释重负。A. honor 荣耀；B. loss 失落； C. relief 放松；D. trust 信任。由下文的 I hadn’t treated him so rudely 可知，作者没有对销售员 粗鲁，所以作者感觉如释重负。故选 C 项。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Clowns (小丑)are almost everywhere in popular culture. But what they represent ___56___(change) a lot over the past 400 years. Clowns began appearing in ___57___ form we recognize today in European theaters in the 17th century. With brightly colored clothes, big red noses and colorful faces, clowns tried every means to act foolish or play tricks ___58___ (make) the audience laugh. Clowns became popular in the US in the 1960s. A happy clown ___59___ (choose) by McDonald's to appear in its advertisements. Today, as we know, that company mascot (吉祥物)， Ronald McDonald, is world famous. However, the image of a happy clown is largely an American creation. In other cultures, the clown character is not ___60___ (necessary) good. One example is “Mr. Punch”, who was popular in British and French theaters during the 1700s. While Mr. Punch was funny, he was also violent, often ___61___ (hit) his wife during the show, ___62___ gave rise to the name of “bad clowns”. Even today, in the eyes of some people, clowns are evil (邪恶的)and ___63___ (frighten). Of course, there are different voices. Some people think clowns are positive, creative and imaginative. They bring people ___64___ (please) and laughter. That's _____65_____ attracts people, especially children, to clowns. They believe that as long as there are children in the world, there will be a future for clowns. 【答案】56. has changed 57. the 58. to make 59. was chosen 60. necessarily 61. hitting 62. which 63. frightening 64. pleasure 65. what 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在过去的 400 年里，小丑所代表的东西发生了很大的变化。不 同文化团体对小丑的看法不一。但不管如何，孩子们还是很喜欢小丑的。 【56 题详解】 考查时态。句意：但在过去的 400 年里，它们所代表的东西发生了很大的变化。分析句子， 简单句除了 change 外无其余动词，故该空需填谓语动词。句中有时间状语 “over the past+ 一段时间”,是现在完成时的时间状语。又因为 change 和逻辑主语之间表示主动。且动词的主 语是从句。根据主谓一致原则，从句作主语，动词用单数。故现在完成时的助动词用 has 。故填 has changed。 【57 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：17 世纪，我们今天在欧洲剧院看到的小丑开始以这种形式出现。form(形式) 为名词，后被定语从句修饰，故要表示特指。故填 the。 【58 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：小丑们穿着色彩鲜艳的衣服，大红鼻子，五颜六色的脸，想尽一切 办法做傻事或耍花招来逗乐观众。分析句子，make 所处的并列句已经有动词 play，故 make 需填非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应填 to do 表示目的。故填 to make。 【59 题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：麦当劳挑选了一个快乐的小丑出现在广告中。分析句子，choose 所 处的简单句无其他动词，故该空作谓语。又因为 choose 和主语之间是被动关系，且时间发生 于 1960s，表示发生在过去的事情。故需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was chosen。 【60 题详解】 考查副词。句意：在其他文化中，小丑的角色不一定是好的。分析句子，necessary 是形容词， 不能修饰后面的 good（adj. ）。用副词修饰形容词。故填 necessarily。 【61 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然 Mr. Punch 很有趣，但他也很暴力，经常在演出期间打他的妻子。 分析句子，hit 所处的分句无主语，故 hit 要填非谓语。hit 和逻辑主语之间表示主动关系。故填 hitting。 【62 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：虽然 Mr. Punch 很有趣，但他也很暴力，经常在演出期间打他的妻子， 这也导致了“坏小丑” 的名声。分析句子，划线部分充当了主语，故要填关系词。又因为划线前面有逗号，后面的 定语从句是非限制性定语从句。“非限”部分缺主语，故需填“关系代词”。关系代词指代 前面“打老婆”这件事。that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填 which 。 【63 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即使在今天，在一些人的眼中,小丑是邪恶和可怕的。分析句子，be 动词 后需填形容词作表语。故必须将 frighten 变为形容词。frighten 的形容词有两个：frightened(感到害怕的) 和 frightening（令人害怕的），通过对句意的分析可知，句中缺“令人害怕的”， 故填 frightening 。 【64 题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们给人们带来快乐和笑声。分析句子，and 后面的 laughter 的词性是名词。 根据 and 前后词性一致原则，该处也需填名词。故填 pleasure。 【65 题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：这就是小丑吸引人们，尤其是孩子的原因。分析句子，划线部分充 当了主语，故该空需填引导词。从句放在 be 动词后，从句为表语从句。表语从句部分缺主语， 表示“吸引孩子们的地方 ”，需填连接代词。故填 what。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节: (共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分) 翻译句子 66. 我好不容易才适应了新环境。(have a hard time) __________________________ 67. 他是个可靠的人，不会让你失望的。(letdown) __________________________ 68. 尽管他不富有，但他总是对无家可归的人伸出援助之手。(reach out to) __________________________ 69. 这么处理的话，你们的友情很快就会修复的。(approach) __________________________ 70. 她那么害羞，我不知道如何与她沟通。(figure out) __________________________ 【 答 案 】 66. I had a hard time adjusting to /adapting to / fitting in with the new environment/surroundings. 67. He is reliable/dependable and won’t let you down. He is a reliable/dependable person who won’t let you down. 68. While he isn’t rich/wealthy, he always reaches out to homeless people / the homeless. Though/Although poor / nor rich / not wealthy, he always reaches out to homeless people / the homeless. 69. If you approach it /Approached (in) this way, your friendship will soon be repaired. Approach it this way, and your friendship will soon be repaired. 70. She is/was so shy that I can’t/couldn’t figure out how to communicate with her. 【解析】 【66 题详解】 考查固定搭配。固定搭配：have a good time doing sth.“做某事开心”；adjust to /adapt to / fit in with“与……适应”。再结合所给汉语可知答案为 I had a hard time adjusting to /adapting to / fitting in with the new environment/surroundings. 【67 题详解】 考查固定词组和时态。固定词组：let sb. down“让某人失望”。句子可以用 and 将两个谓语动 词连在一起，构成并列谓语，前半句用一般现在时态，后半句用一般将来时态。另外，句子 也可以用 who 引导的定语从句。再结合所给汉语可知答案为 He is reliable/dependable and won’t let you down./He is a reliable/dependable person who won’t let you down. 【68 题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句中使用 While/ Though/Although 引导的让步状语从句，和固定词组 reach out“伸出手，提供援助”，the homeless“无家可归的”。句子在叙述一个客观事实所以句子 用一般现在时态。再结合所给汉语可知答案为 While he isn’t rich/wealthy, he always reaches out to homeless people / the homeless. Though/Although poor / nor rich / not wealthy, he always reaches out to homeless people / the homeless. 【69 题详解】 考查 if 引导的条件状语从句、过去分词作状语或并列句。句子使用 if 引导的条件状语从句或 者过去分词作状语，也可以用 and 引导的并列句。再结合所给汉语可知答案为 If you approach it /Approached (in) this way, your friendship will soon be repaired. Approach it this way, and your friendship will soon be repaired. 【70 题详解】 考查 so…that 引导的结果状语从句。句中使用 so…that 引导的结果状语从句，固定词组 figure out“解决，算出”，另外 how to communicate with sb.“怎样与某人交流”。再结合所给汉语 可知答案为 She is/was so shy that I can’t/couldn’t figure out how to communicate with her. 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 71.假设你是李华，最近你因为与同桌产生矛盾而苦恼，写信向英语报社”知心话栏目”求 助， 要点如下: 1.写信目的； 2.事件经过及你的感受； 3.请求帮助。 注意: 1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear Editor, I'm Li Hua, a high school student. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Editor, I’m Li Hua, a high school student. Recently a conflict occurred between me and my deskmate. I’m writing to ask you for help. Last Thursday, our school held a sports meeting. My deskmate and I both participated in the 100-meter race. I accidentally knocked him over when racing towards the finish line, leaving his right leg injured. I sincerely apologized to him, but he wouldn’t forgive me. What’s worse, since then, he has been completely ignoring me, which really makes me upset. With this always on my mind, I can’t concentrate on the study. I’m at a total loss what I should do. I’d appreciate it if you could help me out of the trouble. Looking forward to your reply. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，最近你因为和同桌产生矛盾而苦恼，于是 向英语报社“知心话栏目”求助。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般过去时 结构：三段式。第一段提出写信目的向其寻求帮助；第二段写事情的经过和你的感受；第三 段期盼回复。 要求：1.写信目的（ask you for help） 2.事情的经过和你的感受（what happened and your feeling） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） occur,between…and, ask for help, participate in, knock over, the finish line, apologize for, what’s worse, out of the trouble, injury 第三步：连词成句 1. Recently a conflict occurred between me and my deskmate. 2. I’m writing to ask you for help. 3. I accidentally knocked him over when racing towards the finish line, leaving his right leg injured. 4. What’s worse, since then, he has been completely ignoring me, which really makes me upset. 5. I’m at a total loss what I should do. 6. I’d appreciate it if you could help me out of the trouble. 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。 1.作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如： 1) I accidentally knocked him over when racing towards the finish line, leaving his right leg injured. （当要到终点线的时候，我不小心把他绊倒了，让他的右腿受伤。）本句中 leaving 是现在分词 作结果状语。 2) What’s worse, since then, he has been completely ignoring me, which really makes me upset.（更 糟糕的是，自从那时起，他就完全不理我，这让我很沮丧。）这句话运用了非限制性定语从句， 其先行词为“he has been completely ignoring me”整个句子。 2.使用了一些固定词组，如 at a loss, what’s worse, concentrate on 等。全文中没有中国式英语的 句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然， 为文章增色添彩。