2020版高考英语写作基础 Unit 3 （2）讲义+练习（必修1，含解析）

2020版高考英语写作基础 Unit 3 （2）讲义+练习（必修1，含解析）

Unit 3 ‎ ‎ 李仕才 一、词汇讲解 ‎1. stubborn adj. 顽固的，固执的;顽强的或有决心的;坚持的;棘手的 比较级： stubborner 最高级： stubbornest ‎【派生词】stubbornly adv. 倔强地，顽强地，顽固地 ‎【派生词】stubbornness noun [U] 倔强，顽强;牛性;牛脾气;犟劲 2. organize v. 组织;安排;规划;建立组织 ‎【派生词】organizer-iser n.组织者，编制者，发起人;[生]形成体;〈口〉公文柜，（分类记事 的）备忘记事簿;[计]整理器 ‎【派生词】organization n. 组织;机构;团体；‎ ‎【派生词】organizational adj. 组织的;编制的 3. determine vt.‎‎& vi.（使）下决心，（使）做出决定(~ on sth/to do sth 决定，决心（做某事） ) vt. 决定，确定;判定，判决;使决定;限定 vi. [主用于法律]了结，终止，结束 ‎【派生词】determination n. 决心;决定，确定;[物]测定，计算 ‎【派生词】determined adj. 确定的;坚定的;毅然的 v. 确定;决定;（使）下决心，（使）做出决定( determine 的过去式和过去分词);使决定 ‎【派生词】determinedly adv. 坚决地;坚定地;断然地;决然地 4. journey （Journey to the West 西游记 ）‎ n. 旅行，旅程行期;历程，过程 vi. 旅行，出游 vt. 在…旅行或旅行到过…‎ ‎【近义词辩词】‎ ‎1) journey 指经由陆路、空路或海路，从一地到另一地的旅程，如：a journey of over 2, 000 miles （2, 000 多英里的旅程）。表示旅行到某个地方用 journey，这是文雅的用法：The nights became colder as they journeyed north（他们北上的过程中，夜晚变得越来越冷）。‎ ‎2) voyage 通常指乘船或乘坐飞行器进行的长途旅行：the voyage to the moon in 1972（1972‎ 年的登月之旅）。‎ 3) trip 通常指短期逗留的往返旅程：a business trip to Milan（到米兰出差）。注意，trip 用作 动词时含义不同。‎ 13‎ 3) excursion 指 短 途 的 观 光 游 览 或 有 其 他 目 的 的 短 途 旅 行 ： The tourist office organizes excursions to the ‎palace‎ of ‎Knossos（旅游局组织去克诺索斯王宫观光游览）。‎ ‎5) travel 泛指旅行的行为而非某次具体的旅行，用复数形式时多指到远方作长期旅行或旅 游，不强调直接目的地。例如：a record of her travels in the Far East 她在远东游历的记录 ‎6) tour 旅游，观光。指以游乐为目的、最后返回出发地的观光游览，途中走访数个不同地 点，距离可长可短。例如：He has gone on a tour to Europe.他到欧洲旅游去了。‎ 2. ‎ mind 短语 ‎1) bear/keep sb./sth. in mind； bear/keep in mind that…‎ ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 将…记在心中；记起；考虑 to remember sb./sth.; to remember or consider that…‎ ‎2) be/go out of your mind ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 心智失常；发疯 to be unable to think or behave in a normal way; to become crazy ‎【例句】‎ ‎(informal) You're lending them money? You must be out of your tiny mind!‎ 你要把钱借给他们？你真是疯到家了。‎ 3) have it in mind to do sth.‎ ‎【双语解释】 (formal) 打算做某事 to intend to do sth.‎ 4) have a mind of your own ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 有主见；能自作决定 to have your own opinion.Make your own decisions without being influenced by other people ‎【例句】‎ She has a mind of her own and isn't afraid to say what she thinks.‎ 她有主见，并且敢于表达自己的观点。‎ ‎(humorous) My computer seems to have a mind of its own!‎ 我的电脑好像也有它自己的想法！‎ 13‎ 3) lose your mind ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 发疯；神经错乱 to become mentally ill 4) make up your mind/make your mind up ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 做出决定；下定决心 to decide sth.‎ ‎【例句】‎ They're both beautiful─I can't make up my mind.‎ 两个都很漂亮——我难以决定。‎ You'll never persuade him to stay─his mind's made up (= he has definitely decided to go) .‎ 你根本无法劝他留下来——他已经拿定主意了。‎ Come on─it's make your mind up time !‎ ‎ 嗨！你该作出决定了！‎ 5) put/get sth. out of your mind ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 不再想；有意忘记 to stop thinking about sb/sth; to deliberately forget sb/sth ‎【例句】‎ I just can't get her out of my mind.‎ 我就是忘不掉她。‎ 6) put sb in mind of sb/sth ‎【双语解释】‎ ‎(old-fashioned) 使某人想起 to make sb think of sb/sth; to remind sb of sb/sth 7) put/set sb's mind at ease/rest ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 安慰；宽解；使宽心 13‎ to do or say sth. to make sb stop worrying about sth.‎ 3) set your mind on sth.‎ ‎【双语解释】 集中精力做；下决心做 to decide you want to achieve sth. and give this all your attention ‎【例句】‎ She could have been a brilliant pianist if she'd put her mind to it.‎ 如果她专心致志，坚持到底，她本可以成为一名杰出的钢琴家。‎ 4) blow your mind ‎【双语解释】‎ ‎(informal) 使某人兴奋（或吃惊）‎ to produce a very strong pleasant or shocking feeling ‎【例句】‎ Wait till you hear this. It'll blow your mind.‎ 等着听听这个吧。它会让你大感意外的。‎ 5) change your/sb's mind ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 改变决定（或看法、主意）‎ to change a decision or an opinion ‎【例句】‎ Nothing will make me change my mind.‎ 什么都不能让我改变主意。‎ 13) ‎ cross your mind ‎【双语解释】‎ ‎(of thoughts, etc. 想法等) 掠过心头；出现在脑海 to come into your mind 同义词： occur to sb.‎ ‎【例句】‎ It never crossed my mind that she might lose (= I was sure that she would win) .‎ 我从来没想过她会失败。‎ 14) have/keep an open mind (about/on sth.)‎ ‎【双语解释】 ‎ 13‎ 愿意聆听（或接受）意见；（对…）不怀成见；思想开明 to be willing to listen to or accept new ideas or suggestions 13) open your/sb's mind to sth.‎ ‎【双语解释】‎ ‎（使人）思想开阔，意识到某事 to become or make sb. aware of new ideas or experiences push sth. to the back of your mind ‎ 刻意忘掉（不愉快的事）；把…丢到脑后 to try to forget about sth. unpleasant ‎【例句】‎ I tried to push the thought to the back of my mind.‎ 我尽量把这个念头忘掉。‎ 14) out of sight, out of mind ‎【双语解释】‎ ‎(saying) 眼不见，心不想 used to say sb. will quickly be forgotten when they are no longer with you 15) slip your mind ‎【双语解释】 被遗忘 if sth. slips your mind , you forget it or forget to do it 16) stick in your mind ‎【双语解释】‎ ‎(of a memory, an image, etc. 往事、形象等) 经久不忘；铭记在心 to be remembered for a long time ‎【例句】‎ One of his paintings in particular sticks in my mind.‎ 他有一幅画我记得特别清楚。‎ 2. give 短语 give away ‎ 1.赠送；捐赠 13‎ ‎2.丧失，失去，错失（优势）‎ ‎3.泄露（秘密）‎ ‎4.使露出真面目 ‎5.（基督教婚礼上）将（新娘）交给新郎 give back 归还；退还 give in ‎1.认输；承认做不到 ‎2.屈从；让步 give off 释放，放出，发出（气体、热量、气味等）‎ give out ‎1.释放，放出，发出（气体、热量、气味等）‎ ‎2.分发；散发 ‎3.公开，宣布（消息等）‎ ‎4.（设备或身体部位）停止运转，停止运行 give over to/give up to 专门用于 give up ‎1.放弃；戒除 ‎2.认输；放弃 ‎3.辞去（工作）‎ ‎4.让出 ‎5.自首；投案 give up on 对…绝望；对…不抱希望 词汇练习 一、单词拼写 ‎1.The first and most s problem was that of reductions in the number of aircraft. 2.He kept on d running despite an injured toe.‎ ‎3.I couldn't tell if his refusal to talk was simple s .‎ 4. Most of these specialized schools are provided by voluntary o .‎ 5. Advanced methods and techniques in o and managerial research, including aspects of operations research and data processing.‎ 6. ‎ The size of the chicken pieces will d ‎ ‎‎ 13‎ the cooking time 4. ‎ She has j on horseback through Africa and Turkey.‎ 5. I had obtained the authentic details about the birth of the o . 9.I've always been fond of poetry and one piece has always s in my mind. 10.It's that kind of courage and d that makes him such a remarkable character.‎ ‎ ‎ 二、选词填空 crossed his mind;‎ put... mind to;‎ stick in your mind;‎ change your mind; made up ... minds;‎ out of mind; open your mind to;‎ set ...mind on; put ... mind at ease; slip your mind;‎ bear in mind; have an open mind;‎ changed my mind; blow your mind;‎ 1. I was going to vote for him, but I and voted for Reagan 2.It had never that there might be a problem.‎ ‎3.You could do fine in the world if you it. 4.Practically using vocabulary can help it .‎ ‎5.This way, nothing will during the morning rush. 6.Problems, once they are out of sight are .‎ 7. When you impossible, you will find the truth.‎ 8. In order to develop a sense of humor, one must and the ability to deal with unpleasant events and people.‎ 9. If you are flexible, you can , your plans and the direction of your life.‎ 10. ‎.I am sure you will succeed in whatever you doing.‎ 11. ‎.Our family doctor when he told her he felt I would not have any major medical concerns.‎ 12. Now I'm going to a woman always knows what you're thinking. 13.Have you where to go for your honeymoon?‎ ‎14.We must these lessons paid for with blood.‎ ‎2.‎ give in; give in to; give away; give out; give off; give up;‎ 1. His teachers seem to have on him.‎ 13‎ 1. The Chinese people will never the disaster. 3.After a week on the run he to the police.‎ 4. He most of his money to charity.‎ 5. After a month their food supplies . They need to figured out a way to cope with the problem.‎ 6. We all fell in love with Mr. White’ garden , where the flowers a fragrant perfume.‎ 7. We'd hope of ever winning the competition.‎ 8. It was supposed to be a surprise but the children gave the game . 9.My family insisted that I should not , but stay and fight ‎10.All children in our class was educated to their seats to people in need. 11.He often came to check their studies and new assignments.‎ 翻译练习 练习一：根据所给中文提示填写空白处 ‎1.His face was set in .(固执坚定的表情)‎ ‎2.His ( 始终不愿接受任何 ‎ 新事物)eventually wore out the patience of his superiors 2. He (固执地拒绝)to tell her how he had come to be in such a state.‎ 3. I finally (放弃了我的固执)and visited unexpectedly. 5.Never let your persistence and passion ( 变 成 固 执和无知).‎ ‎6.We'll (组织一些学生参加)the basketball team. 7.Tom (具有组织的能力), coordinate and supervise staff.‎ 8. I’d like to let you know that (你是一个天生的组织领 导者).‎ 9. I am aware that (该书的编排还有 待改进).‎ 10. ‎.I have gone through the training of team spirit, and I have ‎ ‎(一定的组织管理能力).‎ ‎11. (她的幽默言谈和坚定决心)were a source of inspiration to others.‎ 12. This time was unshakable. (他是铁了心要走)‎ 13. The exact quantity cannot (目前尚不能确定).‎ 13‎ 12. ‎ (他们决意回到) the land of their forefathers. 15.If the love becomes to the bitter wine, (就毅然地放下 执着).‎ ‎16.My films ( 试图描述一个自我发现的心灵之 旅), both for myself and the watcher.‎ ‎17.She reached Karachi on Monday evening, (这段行程耗时)three days and nine hours 练习二：中译英 ‎1.我对付不了那个孩子，他很固执。‎ ‎2.她怎么都不肯付钱。‎ ‎3.失业率居高不下。‎ ‎4.我爱你的勇气，你的固执。‎ ‎5.我们应当组织更多的社交活动。‎ ‎6.他很有组织才能。‎ ‎ 7.我认为是时候组织起来了。‎ 13‎ ‎8.警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。‎ ‎9.我有良好的管理技巧和组织能力。‎ ‎10.我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。‎ ‎11.关键在于要有决心和信心。‎ ‎12.我们定下决心，要在元旦前完成这项工作。‎ ‎13.他是个有决心有毅力的人。‎ ‎14.坚定向前行动以您的计划。‎ ‎15.这次旅行给他们留下了良好的印象。‎ ‎16.我们的旅客一路上的行为让人很难解释。‎ 13‎ ‎ 参考答案： ‎ 一、单词拼写 stubborn;determinedly; stubbornness; organizations; organizational; determine; journeyed; organization; stuck; determination 二、选词填空 1. changed my mind; crossed his mind; put your mind to; stick in your mind; slip your mind; out of mind; open your mind to; have an open mind; change your mind; set your mind on; put her mind at ease; blow your mind; made up your minds; bear in mind 2. given up; give in to; gave himself up; gave away; gave out; gave off; given up; away; give in; give up; give out 三、中译英练习 练习一 1. His face was set in an expression of stubborn determination.‎ 他脸上流露出固执坚定的表情。‎ 2. His stubborn resistance to anything new eventually wore out the patience of his superiors 他始终不愿接受任何新事物，最终让上司失去了耐心。‎ 3. He stubbornly refused to tell her how he had come to be in such a state.‎ 他固执地拒绝告诉她自己是如何沦落到这种地步的。‎ 4. I finally gave up my stubbornness and visited unexpectedly.‎ 我终于放弃了我的固执，并参观了意外。‎ 5. Never let your persistence and passion turn into stubbornness and ignorance.‎ 永远不要让你的坚持和激情变成固执和无知。‎ 6. We'll organize some students into the basketball team.‎ 我们将组织一些学生参加篮球队。‎ 7. Ability to organize, coordinate and supervise staff.‎ 具有组织，协调和管理职工的能力。‎ 8. I’d like to let you know that you were a natural born organizer.‎ 你是一个天生的组织领导者。‎ 9. I am aware that the organization of the book leaves something to be improved.‎ 我知道该书的编排还有待改进。‎ 10. ‎.I have gone through the training of team spirit, and I have a certain organizational manageme- nt capabilities.‎ 13‎ 这种经历培养了我的团队合作精神，并让我具有一定的组织管理能力。‎ 1. Her humour and determination were a source of inspiration to others.‎ 她的幽默言谈和坚定决心对其他人来说是一种鼓舞。‎ 2. This time his determination to leave was unshakable.‎ 他这次是铁了心要走。‎ 3. The exact quantity cannot be determined at present.‎ 确切数量目前尚不能确定。‎ 4. They were determined to go back to the land of their forefathers.‎ 他们决意回到祖先的土地上。‎ 5. ‎.If the love becomes to the bitter wine, and put down determinedly.‎ 如果爱已变成苦酒，就毅然地放下执着。‎ 6. My films try to describe a journey of discovery, both for myself and the watcher.‎ ‎ 我的电影试图为我自己也为观众描述一个自我发现的心灵之旅。‎ 7. ‎.She reached Karachi on Monday evening, the journey having occupied three days and nine hours 她在星期一晚上抵达了卡拉奇，这段行程耗时 3 天 9 小时。‎ 练习二 ‎1.I cannot cope with that boy; he is stubborn.‎ 我对付不了那个孩子，他很固执。‎ 2. She stubbornly refused to pay.‎ 她怎么都不肯付钱。‎ 3. Unemployment remains stubbornly high.‎ 失业率居高不下。‎ 4. I love your courage and your stubbornness.‎ 我爱你的勇气，你的固执。‎ 5. We ought to organize more social events 我们应当组织更多的社交活动。‎ 6. He has the ability to organize.‎ 他很有组织才能。‎ 7. I think it's time to organize.‎ 我认为是时候组织起来了。‎ 8. The police gained a great deal of useful information about the organization.‎ 警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。‎ 9. I have good managerial skills and organizational capabilities.‎ 我有良好的管理技巧和组织能力。‎ 10. My aim was first of all to determine what I should do next.‎ 我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。‎ 11. What counts is determination and confidence.‎ 13‎ 关键在于要有决心和信心。‎ 2. We are determined to get the work done before New Year's Day.‎ 我们定下决心，要在元旦前完成这项工作。‎ 3. He is a very determined and strong-willed person.‎ 他是个有决心有毅力的人。‎ 4. To move ahead determinedly with your plans.‎ 坚定向前行动以您的计划。‎ 5. The journey leaves a favourable impression.‎ 这次旅行给他们留下了良好的印象。‎ 6. ‎.Our traveller's behaviour on the journey is hard to explain 我们的旅客一路上的行为让人很难解释。‎ ‎ ‎ 13‎