高考英语二轮题海特训营28语法填空三

高考英语二轮题海特训营28语法填空三

语法填空三 1、阅读下面短文,在空白处填人 1 个适当的单词或括号内单同的正确形式。 When I first heard about the Belt and Road Initiative (" —带一路”),I thought about something simple and straightforward—like a fragrant cup of tea. For centuries,tea has brought ①__________(culture) communities and people closer together. In the past centuries, tea ②__________(connect) economies through trade and investment. The Belt and Road Initiative holds a similar promise, ③__________is about connecting cultures,communities, economies, and people. It is about reviving ancient trade routes and ④ __________( build) new ones. It is also about adding a new economic flavor by setting up infrastructure(基础建设)projects based on 21st century expertise and standards. Delivering on this promise is not an easy task, ⑤__________doing so could bring great benefits. First,high-quality infrastructure could help stimulate potential global ⑥ __________( grow) ,and increase the incomes of millions of people. As a Chinese proverb ⑦__________( go ),“ To become rich, one must first build roads“ A second benefit is greater inclusiveness. Think of improved roads in rural areas that can raise productivity, and access ⑧ __________health services. By sharing the benefits of investment and knowledge more broadly,growth will be ⑨__________(strong) and more inclusive. A third benefit is closer economic cooperation. This would help boost global trade,investment and financial cooperation,making ⑩__________easier to share the benefits of growth more widely. All this is good for consumers,good for productivity and good for poverty reduction. 2、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I won’t call myself the most accomplished person when it comes to①__________(hold) chopsticks. In fact, I’m pretty sure that my technique looks clumsy at times. I tend to hold② __________(I) in the middle, more beginner than expert. Still, since I eat almost every meal with the eating utensil(器皿)of choice in China it’s not uncommon for a new friend or acquaintance to come to a simple③__________(conclude) after observing me that my Chinese husband, Jun, must ④__________ (show) me how to use them. They are wrong. I’ve used chopsticks ever since I was a teenager, a time when my sister and mother were both fond of Chinese cuisine and introduced me⑤__________many new dishes, along with the⑥__________(prefer) utensils in China. We always kept bamboo chopsticks along with our⑦__________(knife), forks and spoons, ready for whenever we happened to have Chinese food for dinner. It was my closest family⑧__________observed my first mistakes I made in using chopsticks. Plus, I lived over two years in China before Jun and I started dating and I⑨__________(expect) to use chopsticks in almost every restaurant, stand and bar. Trust me, when you’re hungry you figure out pretty fast what it takes to down(咽下)⑩__________meal with these utensils. 3、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability ①__________(change) the world with its “new” four great inventions: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping. Recently, the “new” four great inventions ②__________(improve) the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy what they want ③ __________(simple) with a tap of the phone within doors. High-speed trains have shortened ④ __________ journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing ⑤__________(base) on satellite navigation(导航)system, mobile payment as well as big data ⑥__________has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back ⑦__________people’s lives and they are making public transport more ⑧__________(attract). It is increasingly clear thatChinais no longer ⑨__________(copy) western ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign ⑩__________(company) hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China. 4、 There is a disease sweeping the world today,which is killing far more people than any other disease, AIDS and SARS ①__________(include). That disease is obesity. The WHO has stated that of the 56.5 million ②__________(die) per year around the world, over 50 percent are caused by diseases ③__________(close) associated with unhealthy diet and lack of exercise and ④ __________many of these deaths could be prevented. The WHO announced, in 2014,a plan ⑤ __________( fight) obesity and invited governments to encourage its citizens to adopt a ⑥ __________( sense) diet and to take up some exercise. As part of its plan, the WHO asked governments to consider the role food advertising plays ⑦__________encouraging people to eat unhealthy food. One area of concern for many countries is the advertising of unhealthy food during children’s television series. In Australia,which has the highest number of food advertisements during children's television series in the world, there are ⑧__________average of 12 food ads per hour. While in Sweden and Austria ⑨__________there are strict laws on advertising during children’s television series, there is only one food ad per hour. In Sweden and Quebec in Canada, there ⑩ __________(be) no significant changes in the number of obese children since the government banned food ads during children's television series. 5、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ① __________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ②__________come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap③__________can be to eat out. I still remember ④ __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ⑤__________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to⑥__________(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ⑦__________ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even ⑧ __________(high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ⑨__________(weigh) problems. If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ⑩__________dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket. 6、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Located in the northwest of Hunan Province, about 300 kilometers away from Changsha, capital of Hunan,Zhangjiajie, ①__________covers a total area of 9,563 square kilometers, is a tourist city for its unique natural scenery and abundant tourism resources. Zhangjiajie ② __________(award) the title of “World Geological Park” in 2004. ③ __________(actual),Zhangjiajie, honored as “the most fantastic mountain under heaven” and“a walking Chinese landscape painting”,is also widely praised as “ ④__________ enlarged potted landscaping”“a mini fairyland” and“a maze(迷宫)of nature”, attracting a growing number of tourists ⑤__________ home and abroad. Since it was discovered in the 1980s,tourism industry ⑥__________(become) the leading industry in Zhangjiajie, which has stimulated the development of other industries ⑦ __________(relate) to tourism. At the same time, eco-tourism has been developed rapidly in Zhangjiajie. When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully appreciate ⑧__________(it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist ⑨__________(activity),and you will be deeply impressed by ⑩__________ is performed by the minorities there. It must be an exciting, joyful and unforgettable tour to Zhangjiajie. 7、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the past fifty years,English ①__________(develop) into the language most ② __________(wide) spoken and ③__________(use) in the world.English is the working language of most international organizations,international trade and tourism. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without ④__________(be) able to speak Chinese because Chinese businessmen,taxi drivers and students can talk with them using English.English is also the language of ⑤__________(globe) culture,such as popular music and the Internet.You can listen to English songs on the radio ⑥__________use English to communicate ⑦__________people around the world through the Internet.With so many people ⑧__________(communicate) in English every day, ⑨ __________will become more and more important to have ⑩__________good command of English. 8、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The energy that so many outsiders feel when they are in China comes not just from the hurrying footsteps that can ①__________(see) everywhere. It also comes from a sense that it is used for something bigger. A few years ago, I interviewed Zhang Xin, a young man from a ②__________( deep ) poor agricultural province in central China. His parents were wheat ③__________(farmer) and lived in a tiny one -room house next to the fields. He ④__________(graduate) from Tsinghua University and gotten a job as a software engineer at Huawei. His success, Zhang told me one day, had changed his family forever, ⑤__________(keep) his families away from hard labor forever. Not his parents. Not his children. That kind of life was over. Multiply that young man’s story by millions, ⑥ __________you will get a sense that this once very backward society has become ⑦__________forward -looking country. A smart American who lived in China for years put it this way: “China is making a great effort to become ⑧ __________it has not yet become. It is upwardly mobile, proudly so. ” Proudly so, because as Zhang understood, hard work today means a much ⑨ __________(good) life decades from now for ⑩__________(he) later generations and the country. 答案以及解析 1 答案及解析： 答案：cultures; has connected; which; building; but; growth; goes; to; tronger; it 解析： 本文介绍了中国提出的一个伟大的全球发展规划:“一带—路”。 1. cultures 考査名词单复数。根据语境和句子中的 communities 可知 culture 也要用其复数形 式,表示“各国文化”。 2. has connected 考査动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 In the past centuries 可知应该用现 在完成时;主语 tea 是不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 3. which 考査定语从句,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰的先行词是 a similar promise,关系 词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词 which。 4. building 考査非谓语动词。并列连词 and 连接两个形式的词 reviving 和 building,作介词 about 的宾语。 5. but 考査连词。句意:履行这个诺言并不是一件容易的事,但是这么做能带来巨大的好处。 设空处前后是转折关系,且设空处后没有逗号,应该用 but 连接。 6. growth 考査词性转换,设空处前是形容词 global,所以此处要用其名词形式。 7. goes 考査动词时态和主谓一致。句意:正如一个中国谚语说的那样 ……。设空处是从句的 谓语动词,从句的主语是第三人称单数形式, 时态是一般现在时,所以答案为 goes。 8. to 考査介词。根据固定搭配 access to 可知答案为 to。access to 意为:……的机会;……的权 利;可以使用……。 9. stronger 考査形容词比较级。本句中第二个并列连词 and 连接两个形容词的比较级 stronger 和 more inclusive。 10.it 考査代词。分析句子结构可知,设空处是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语 to share...,所以答案为 it。 2 答案及解析： 答案：holding; mine; conclusion; have shown; to; preferred; knives; who/that; was expected; a 解析： 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者使用筷子的故事, 1. holding 考査非谓语动词:when it comes to 当谈到;当涉及其中 to 是介词,后跟 v.-ing 形式作 宾语。 2. mine 考査代词“我”倾向于拿筷子的中间部位。mine = my chopsticks.设空处作 hold 的宾语. 要用名词性物主代词。 3. conclusion 考査词性转换。在观察“我”之后得出了一个简单的结论根据语境和设空处前的 修饰词 a simple 可知设空处要用其名词形式。come to a conclusion 得出一个结论. 4. have shown 考査动词时态。“我”的中国老公以前一定教过“我”如何使用筷子:must have done 表不“以前肯定做过某事”,是对过去情况的肯定推测。 5. to 考査动词短语。it“我”尝试了很多新的中国菜。introduce sb. to sth.使某人初次了解某物; 使尝试。 6 preferred 考査非谓语动词。此处指“中国人偏爱使用的用餐器皿”设空处是非谓语动词作定 语,prefer 与其所修饰的名同之间是被动关系,所以要用过去分词形式充当定语。 7. knives 考査名词单复数。我们经常把筷子和刀子、叉子、勺子放在一起 3 第一个并列连词 and 连接三个复数名词:knives, forks 和 spoons, 8. who/that 考査强调句。句意:是我最亲密的家人观察到了我第一次使用筷子时所犯的错误: 此处强调的是主语,主语是人,所以用 who 或 that。 9. was expected 考査动词时态和语态及主谓一致、设空处是谓语动词,与主语 I 之间是被动关 系;根据本句中的 lived parted 可知时态为一般过去时,主语是I,谓语应用单数形式,所以答案为 was expected。 10 a 考査冠词。此处用不定冠词表示泛指. a meal—顿饭. 3 答案及解析： 答案：to change; have improved; simply; the; based; that; to; attractive; copying; companies 解析： 中国古代有伟大的四大发明,改变了世界。现在中国“新的四大发明”也正在改变着世界。这 新的四大发明是什么呢? 1. to change 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“中国再次显示了自己改变世界的能力”,不定式作定 语,the ability to do sth.做某事的能力。 2. have improved 考査动词时态句意:近来,“新的四大发明”已经改善了人们的生活质量根据语 境和时间状语 Recently 可知应该用现在完成时,因为主语是复数形式,所以答案为 have improved。 3. simply 考査词性转换。此处表示“人们仅仅在家里敲击一下手机, 就能买到他们想要的东 西”。设空处应该用副词修饰后面的 with a tap... 4. the 考查冠词。句意:高铁把从北京到沿海城市天津的车程缩短到了半个小时。定冠词 the 表示特指,此处特指“从北京到天津的车程”。 5. based 考査非谓语动词。此处表示“建立在卫星导航系统、电子支付和大数据基础上的共享 单车的运作模式”。设空处是非谓语动词作定语,根据固定搭配 be based on 可知答案为 based。 be based on 建立在……基础上。 6. that 考查特殊句式:分析句子结构可知,此处是强调句式,即"It is+ 被强调部分+that...",所以 答案为 that。 7. to 考查介词:此处表示“共享单车正在把骑自行车带回到人们的生活中”。bring...back to 把... 带回到... 8.attractive 考查词性转换它们使公共交通更有吸引力。此处为 “make+宾语+宾补”结构,意为 “使某物……”。设空处应该用形容词作宾补。 9. copying 考查动词时态。句意:越来越明显,中国不再照搬西方的想法,而且在很多方面取得 领先。根据语境和句子结构可知要用现在进行时,故填 copying。 10. companies 考査名词单复数.根据空格前的修饰同 A growing number of (越来越多的)可知 空格处的名词应该用其复数形式。 4 答案及解析： 答案：included; deaths; closely; that; to fight; sensible; in; an; where; have been 解析： 当今世界上有一种比艾滋病和 SARS 导致的死亡人数更多的疾病:肥胖症,为了同肥胖症作斗 争,世界卫生组织开展了一系列的活动。 1.included 考査非谓语动词。此处表达:艾滋病和 SARS 都包括在内。此处为非谓语.AIDS and SARS 与 include 为被动关系,故用过去分词。 2. deaths 考査名词。此处是指“死亡人数”,应用名词;其前有 56.5 million 修饰,所以要用复数形 式,所以答案为 deaths。 3. closely 考査副词。设空处要用所给词的副词形式修饰动词 associated. 4. that 考査名词性从句。本句的主语是 The WHO.谓语动词是 has stated,that 引导的是宾语从 句,而设空处引导第二个宾语从句,与第一个宾语从句是并列关系,第二个宾语从句意思完整, 不缺成分,故用 that 引导,且一般不省略. 5. to fight 考査非谓语动词。2014 年世界卫生组织宣布了一项与肥胖症作斗争的计划。此处 用不定式作定语。 6-sensible 考査词性转换。形容词修饰后面的名词 diet,所给词的形容词形式为 sensible,意为 “合理的;明智的”。 7.in 考査固定搭配。play a role in...在......中起作用。 8. an 考査冠词。此处表达:平均每小时有 12 个食品广告。an average of 平均为……。 9. where 考査定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是 Sweden and Austria,关系词在定语从 句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词 where。 10. have been 考查 there be 句式。设空处是主句的谓语动词,根据 since 引导的时间状语从句 可知,主句要用现在完成时,因为主句的主语是 significant changes,所以谓语动词也要用复数 形式,所以答案为 have been. 5 答案及解析： 答案：dishes; who/that; it; visiting; was shocked; have become; affordable; higher; weight; for 解析： 作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象,分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响,建议我们在家做 饭。 1. 考查名词。此处指中国菜,表示泛指应该用名词复数,故填 dishes。 2. 考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句,先行词是 westerners 指人,在定语从句中做主语,用关系 代词 who/that 引导,故填 who/that。 3. 考查 it 用法。句子为感叹句,正常语序应该是 it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式 to eat out 是真正主语,it 是形式主语。故填 it。 4. 考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友,表示记得做过某事用 remember doing sth.,故填 visiting。 5. 考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock 的主语是 I,两者关系是被动,动作发生在过 去。故填 was shocked。 6. 考查动词时态。根据时间状语 in recent years 可知,用现在完成时,seems to 后用动词原形, 故填 have become。 7. 考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词 be 后用形容词作表语, 表示“负担得起的”,故填 affordable。 8. 考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词 cost 用形容词,even 表示程度,修饰比较级,故填 higher。 9. 考查名词。此处指体重问题,用名词修饰 problems,故填 weight。 10. 考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭,表示去向、目的用介词 for,故填 for。 6 答案及解析： 答案：which; was awarded; Actually; an; from/at; has become; related; its; activities; what 解析： 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了湖南张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。 1.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 Zhangjiajie, 关系词在从句中作主语,故用 which。 2.was awarded 考查动词的时态和语态。主语 Zhangjiajie 和动词 award 之间是动宾关系,应用 被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语“in 2004”可知,应用一般过去时。 3.Actually 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,故用副词形式。 4.an 考查冠词。根据语境可知,该处泛指“一幅放大的缩略风景画”,空后的 enlarged 的读音以 元音音素开头,故用不定冠词 an。 5.from/at 考查介词。这里指“吸引了来自国内外的大量游客”,故用 from 或 at。 6.has become 考查时态。根据该句中的“Since”可知,空处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,故用 现在完成时。 7.related 考查非谓语动词。名词 industries 和动词 relate 之间是动宾关系,且 be related to 为固 定搭配,故用过去分词作名词的后置定语。 8.its 考查代词。根据该句中的“magnificent natural scenery”可知,应用形容词性物主代词 its。 9.activities 考查名词的数。张家界景点的旅游活动有多种,故用复数形式。 10.what 考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,作介词 by 的宾语,且空处在从 句中作主语,故用 what。 7 答案及解析： 答案：has developed; widely; used; being; global; or; with; communicating; it; a 解析： 1.has developed 考查时态。“in the past+时间段”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语。 2.widely 考查副词。修饰谓语动词用副词形式作状语。 3.used 考查非谓语动词。由前文的 spoken and 可知此处是和 spoken 并列的过去分词作后置 定语。 4.being 考查非谓语动词。介词后面用 v.-ing 形式作介词的宾语。 5.global 考查形容词。修饰名词 culture 用形容词形式作定语。 6.or 考查连词。根据前后文知此处指方式选择,故用选择连词。 7.with 考查介词。communicate with 是固定搭配。 8.communicating 考查非谓语动词。与宾语 people 是主谓关系,故用 v.-ing 形式作宾补。 9.it 考查代词。此处是形式主语。 10.a 考查冠词。have a good command of sth.“对……有好的掌握”,固定搭配。 8 答案及解析： 答案：be seen; deeply; farmers; had graduated; keeping; and; a; what; better; his 解析： 中国正处于快速发展的变革时期,本文以一个大学生的例子让我们看到了中国社会的变革。 1. be seen 考查动词语态。到处都能看到的匆匆忙忙的脚步。that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 footsteps,设空处与 can —起构成从句的谓语动词,设空处动作与其逻辑主语 footsteps 之间是 被动关系,所以答案为 be seen。 2. deeply 考査副词,他来自中国中部一个极度贫穷的农业省。设空处要用副词修饰后面的形 容词。deeply poor 极度贫困的。 3. farmers 考査名词单复数。他的父母都是农民.主语是 His parents, 所以设空处要用名词 farmer 的复数形式。 4. had graduated 考査动词时态。句意:他毕业于清华大学,并在华为公司找到了一份软件工程 师的工作.由后文的 gotten 可知要用过去完成时。 5. keeping 考査非谓语动词:设空处是非谓语动词作状语,与句子的主语(其逻辑主语)之间是主 动关系,所以要用 p.-ing 形式。 6. and 考査连词。句意:把那个年轻人的故事乘以百万的话,你就会有这样一种感觉……。分 析句子结构可知,此处是“祈使句+and...”句式。故填 and。 7. a 考査冠词这个曾经非常落后的国家变成了一个有远见的国家. 此处用不定冠词表示泛指, 指“一个……的国家”。 8. what 考査表语从句。设空处引导的是表语从句,引导词在从句中充当表语,所以要用 what. 9. better 考査形容间比较级。今天的努力就意味着几十年后有一个更好的生活。设空处表达 “更好的生活”,所以要用形容词的比较级。 10. his 考査代词。设空处要用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词。