【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空（clozetest）解题指导教案（9页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空（clozetest）解题指导教案（9页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习完形填空（cloze test）解题指导教案 第一、二课时 一、学情分析 对于学生来说，完形填空是除了阅读理解以外最不愿意仔细阅读的题材，因为在这一段两三百字的文章中，学生需要完成20个空，这在无形当中增加了阅读的难度，尤其对于基础较差的学生而言，更是找不到下手的方向，甚至完全不读文章，直接乱选答案，导致完形填空在基础较差的班级失分现象极为严重，学生对完形填空倍感无奈，完全丧失学习兴趣。因此，本章节将为学生详细介绍几种街完形填空的技巧，力争提高学生完形填空得分率，同时提高学生的学习兴趣。‎ 二、 题型解读 近几年《考纲》明确要求加强对考生应用能力的考查，在应用中测试考生运用英语基础知识的能力，这一点在近几年高考完形填空中得到了淋漓尽致的体现。具体体现在文章在题目设置上相似项增多，迷惑选项较强，考生必须通过寻找上下文隐含信息，感受语境，采用直接和排除等技巧才能找出符合题意的最佳选项；完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题；如果学生能在考试中把握到高考完形填空的这一特点，就能够对文章有初步的了解，树立全局意识，并且对于梳理上下文脉络，抓住文章的主旨也大有裨益。‎ 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点：‎ 1. 短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难度相当。题材趋向于原汁原味的国外生活，强调与中学生有关的生活情境或社会情境。‎ 2. 体裁大都是具有一定故事情节的记叙文，也有可能是夹叙夹议，富有哲理的文体，中心思想明确，充满正能量，考生读完后能获得某种启迪。‎ 3. 短文长度基本稳定，一般在250-300个单词左右。短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思考的窗口。‎ 4. 考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少考语法。侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中的运用；着重对实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词）和上下文语境用词的考查，动词考查相对集中。‎ 三、 教学目标 1. 知识与技能 A． 培养学生解决完形填空的技能；‎ B． 训练学生综合运用英语知识的能力；‎ C． 培养学生的语篇理解能力。‎ ‎2. 过程与方法 A． 统计法 B． 实践法 C． 合作交流法 D． 演示法 ‎3. 情感态度与价值观 A． 培养学生的时间观念，合理安排可利用的时间；‎ A． 让学生体验学习的乐趣和成功的喜悦。‎ B． 培养学生良好的应试态度 四、 教学重、难点 1. 完形填空题的出题特点和方向把握；‎ 2. 英语知识在完形填空中的迁移应用；‎ 3. 完形填空题的解题思路和技巧训练。‎ 教学步骤：‎ Before class：先学任务&Warming up:‎ ‎2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国新课标卷Ⅱ)‎ ‎ Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all 41 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead. I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 .‎ ‎ My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did well this season and so 45 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained. Through the first two games, her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best, 50 still defeated.‎ ‎ It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday. When they 52 for their Sunday game, they were 53 different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 . They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal.‎ ‎ It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.‎ ‎41. A. public B. traditional C. official D. special ‎42. A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends ‎43. A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance ‎44. A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square ‎45. A. won B. entered C. organized D. watched ‎46. A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical ‎47. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better ‎48. A. fans B. tutors C. class D. team ‎49. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed ‎50. A. if B. or C. but D. as ‎51. A. girls B. parents C. coaches D. viewers ‎52. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned ‎53. A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. Completely ‎54. A. seen B. known C. heard D. read ‎55. A. styles B. training C. game D. rules ‎56. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again ‎57. A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned ‎58. A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning ‎59. A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest ‎60. A. harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者讲述了通过观看女儿所在的足球队和比自己强的队进行比赛，在实战中学习的过程，总结出看来学习不都是在学校跟着老师学的。[语篇解读] 当你想学东西的时候你会去哪里呢? 学校? 朋友? 导师? 本文通过女儿踢足球的经历介绍一个不同的地方，即通过自己的体验，你会学到更棒更有意义的东西。【语篇导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者女儿所在的球队因为这个赛季表现突出而入围锦标赛。虽然与强手角逐的前两场比赛中失利，但是善于吸取教训的孩子们在周日的比赛中进球了。通过这次经历，作者得出结论：学习的途径有许多，通过亲身实践得来的经验更加富有意义。试题分析：本文通过看女儿参加的一场足球锦标赛，给我们启发，学校里的学习很重要，但是亲身经历和实践是更好的学习和老师。本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿所在的足球队在和训练有素的对手比赛时前两场输了，但是这些女孩子把比赛的经验融合到了第二天的比赛中，终于得分了。作者由此得出了“经验是最好的老师”的结论。‎ References: 41-45 BCDCB 46-50 ADDBC 51-55 ABDAC 56-60 ABDAC During class：‎ Step1:完形填空选项设置的特点 1. 同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词、副词。(平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆) 2. 固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词，典型句子结构的搭配 。 3. 常用语法。 时态和语态、从句连词。 4. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。‎ 近几年高考完形填空对词类的考查情况：（全国二卷）‎ 年度 动词 名词 形容词 副词 连词 搭配（介词）‎ 代词 ‎2013年 ‎10‎ ‎5‎ ‎5‎ ‎2014年 ‎8‎ ‎3‎ ‎3‎ ‎5‎ ‎1‎ ‎2015年 ‎7‎ ‎6‎ ‎3‎ ‎3‎ ‎1‎ ‎2106年 ‎8‎ ‎5‎ ‎4‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ Step2: 完形填空解题原则和步骤 总原则：“先完意、后完形”‎ 解题步骤及时间分配： 1）通读全文，搞清文章大意，弄清主题时态。(2-3分钟) 2）依照语义、语法，参考常考知识点，进行填空。注意时态、语态、性数格问题。(6-7分钟) 3）猜测难点、整体复查。(2-3分钟)‎ Step3：完形填空解题技巧 一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择 ‎ I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was   36   and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”   ‎ ‎ A. bright       B. useless        C. simple      D. hopeful 二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题 Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was  37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.    ‎ ‎ 37. A. strict       B. honest       C. special    D. learned ‎ 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise 当堂导练一：‎ ‎ His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.‎ ‎ 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked ‎ 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker 三、利用语篇标志解题（三找）‎ 常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：‎ 结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；‎ 逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；‎ 递进关系：besides, what’s more, further;‎ 转折关系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。‎ She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.‎ ‎ A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important ‎1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）‎ ‎2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）‎ 句式结构：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。‎ ‎3、找AND题（在原文中找and）‎ ①and前后选同义词，词性一致；‎ ②and前后选同一范围词；‎ ③and前后句子对应成分相同；‎ ‎ ④在文章中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。‎ ‎4、找同现复现原则 Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. ‎ ‎ 22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent ‎ ‎ Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.‎ ‎ Having similar friends has many advantages. …‎ ‎2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar 四、根据逻辑推理解题 ‎…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange___quite pleasant taste. A. besides B. but C. and D. or ‎ 五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择 The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the __37 areas like the desert.                ‎ ‎ A．dry    B．distant        C．deserted        D．wild ‎ 六、从语法角度来解题 I went into a café and asked for a coffee .   21   I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed  22 (loneliness). ‎ ‎ A．Before        B．Since        C．Although      D．While Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut?‎ ‎23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。‎ 七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题 ‎ ‎1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.‎ ‎ 1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all 八、从词语辨析的角度来解题 When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 39(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.‎ A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D. ran to ‎ 九、同义近义复现来解题 I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can ___7___ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …‎ ‎7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn ‎8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety Step4: 当堂导练二 Exercise 1： ‎ I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was  1  and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad   2  a step and fell, sending my new suitcase   3   down the stairs.  1. A. helpless    B.lazy           C. anxious       D. tired  2. A. took       B. minded     C. missed       D. picked  3. A. rolling      B. passing       C. dropping     D. turning ‎ Exercise 2: ‎ But Ella Fant, who was filled with    1  , shouted at the top of her voice, “Look at   2   ! They’re all out of     3    except my John! Isn’t he the best!” 1. A. sadness  B. happiness  C. surprise     D. regret 2. A. them       B. those         C. that            D. him ‎ Exercise 3: ‎ It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their  1  . This was the beginning of another    2    day in New York City. 1. A. jobs       B. homes    C. buses      D. offices 2. A. working B. hot　 C. same　 D. ordinary Exercise 4：‎ ‎（NMET1998）Every morning she would give him breakfast  29  bed and bring him the papers to    30    .  29. A. to             B. at         C. in           D. by   30. A. check      B. read        C. keep        D. sign Exercise 5： ‎ ‎ Mrs. Clark was    38    tea at the time.   38. A. cooking    B. making    C. burning    D. serving ‎ After class:‎ Step5: 自辅落实 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way ,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ __41__ my job. Family to Feed.”‎ ‎ At this store, a __42__ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a __43__ on how bad it must be to have to stand ___44___ in the cold wind.‎ ‎ In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our “friend” there would ___46___. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a __47___. I thought about it. We were __48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49__ from our need instead of our abundance is __50__ what we need to do! All the kids __51__ something they could do away with for the week.‎ ‎ When we handed him the bag of __52__, he lit up and thanked us with __53__ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54__his family might need, he burst into tears.‎ ‎ This has been a wonderful __55__ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can __56__! Things would have played out so __57__ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have __58__ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in __59__, it also gave my kids the __60__ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.‎ ‎41. A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished ‎42. A condition B. place C. sight D. show ‎43. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call ‎44. A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily ‎45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick ‎46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover ‎47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card ‎48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose ‎49. A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging ‎50. A. yet B. even C. still D. just ‎51. A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected ‎52. A . toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes ‎53. A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp ‎54. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ‎55. A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure ‎56. A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help ‎57. A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly ‎58. A. time B. power C. patience D. money ‎59. A. fear B. love C. need D. memory ‎60. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple ‎[语篇解读]周末我带着孩子们去超市，在门口遇到了一位需要帮助的人。于是我和孩子们向他伸出了援助之手，孩子们按照自已的想法给了这个人帮助。这件事会给孩子们带来长久的影响，陪伴他们走过长长的人生路。【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者和孩子们帮助了一位陌生男子，他非常感激，而且作者和孩子们也从帮助别人的过程中体验到了快乐。【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了发生在自己身边的一件事。周末的时候作者和孩子们去超市的路上遇到了一个站在寒风中寻求帮助的人，他引导孩子们奉献爱心，快乐自己。通过这次经历，作者诠释了“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”的真谛。文章讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。在超市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个歌需要帮助的人，从此以后作者和孩子帮助更多需要帮助的人。‎ References: 41-45: ACBAD 46-50: CDBAD 51-55: ACBBA 56-60: DCDCB Step6:课后反思